Tehran Province
Encyclopedia
Tehran Province is one of the 31 provinces
Provinces of Iran
Iran is subdivided into thirty one provinces , each governed from a local center, usually the largest local city, which is called the capital of that province...

 of Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...

. It covers on area of 18,909 square kilometers and is located to the north of the central plateau of Iran.

Tehran Province borders Māzandarān Province
Mazandaran Province
Mazandaran Province is a Caspian province in the north of Iran. Located on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea, it is bordered clockwise by the Golestan, Semnan, Tehran, Alborz, Qazvin, and Gilan provinces....

 in the north, Qom Province
Qom Province
Qombol Province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran with 11,237 km², covering 0.89% of the total area in Iran. It is in the north of the country, and its provincial capital is the city of Qom. It was formed from part of Tehran Province in 1995. In 2005, this province had a population of...

 in the south, Semnān Province
Semnan Province
Semnan Province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the north of the country, and its center is Semnan. The province of Semnan covers an area of 96,816 square kilometers and stretches along the Alborz mountain range and borders to Dasht-e Kavir desert in its southern parts.Counties of...

 in the east, and Qazvīn Province
Qazvin Province
The Qazvin Province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the north-west of the country, and its center is the city of Qazvin. The province was created in 1993 out of part of Tehran Province and includes 20 cities: Qazvin, Takestan, Abyek, Buin-Zahra, Eqhbalieh, Mohammadieh, Alvand,...

 in the west. The metropolis
Metropolis
A metropolis is a very large city or urban area which is a significant economic, political and cultural center for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections and communications...

 of Tehran
Tehran
Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

 is the capital city of the province and of Iran. , this province includes 13 township
Township
The word township is used to refer to different kinds of settlements in different countries. Township is generally associated with an urban area. However there are many exceptions to this rule. In Australia, the United States, and Canada, they may be settlements too small to be considered urban...

s, 43 municipalities
Municipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...

, and 1358 village
Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...

s.

Tehran province is the richest province of Iran as it contributes approximately 29% of the country's GDP. Furthermore, it houses approximately 18% of the country's population. Tehran Province is the most industrialized province in Iran; 86.5% of its population resides in urban areas and 13.5% of its population resides in rural areas.

The province gained importance when Tehran
Tehran
Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

 was claimed the capital by the Qajar dynasty
Qajar dynasty
The Qajar dynasty was an Iranian royal family of Turkic descent who ruled Persia from 1785 to 1925....

 in 1778. Today, Tehran, with a population of more than 7 million, is ranked amongst the 20 most populous metropolitan cities of the world.

Geography

The province of Tehran has over 12 million inhabitants and is Iran's most densely-populated
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...

 region. Approximately 86.5 percent reside in urban areas and 13.5 percent in rural areas of the province.

The largest rivers of this province are Karaj River
Karaj River
Karaj River is a river of northern Iran. It flows through the Alborz mountain range....

 and Jajrud River.

Mountain ranges such as The Alborz
Alborz
Alborz , also written as Alburz, Elburz or Elborz, is a mountain range in northern Iran stretching from the borders of Azerbaijan and Armenia in the northwest to the southern end of the Caspian Sea, and ending in the east at the borders of Turkmenistan and Afghanistan...

 span the north; Savad Kooh and Firooz Kooh are located in the north east; Lavasanat, Qarah Daq, Shemiranat, Hassan Abad and Namak Mountains are in the southern areas; Bibi Shahr Banoo and Alqadr are situated in the south east and the heights of Qasr-e-Firoozeh being located to the east of the province.

Environmentally speaking, the climate of Tehran province in the southern areas is warm and dry, but in the mountain vicinity is cold and semi-humid, and in the higher regions is cold with long winters. The hottest months of the year are from mid-July to mid-September when temperatures range from 28°-30°C and the coldest months experience 1°C around December–January, but at certain times in winter it can reach -15°C. Tehran city has moderate winters and hot summers. Average annual rainfall is approximately 200 mm, the maximum being during the winter season. On the whole the province has a semi arid, steppe
Steppe
In physical geography, steppe is an ecoregion, in the montane grasslands and shrublands and temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biomes, characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes...

 climate in the south and an alpine
Alpine climate
Alpine climate is the average weather for a region above the tree line. This climate is also referred to as mountain climate or highland climate....

 climate in the north.

History

Tehran Province has several archeological sites indicating settlements dating back several thousand years. Until 300 years ago, Rey
Rey, Iran
Rey or Ray , also known as Rhages and formerly as Arsacia, is the capital of Rey County, Tehran Province, Iran, and is the oldest existing city in the province....

 was the most prominent of the cities of the province. However, the city of Tehran rose to become the larger city and capital of Iran by 1778, and since then has been the political, cultural, economic, and commercial nucleus of Iran.

Tehran has over 1500 historical sites of cultural significance registered with the Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran
Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran
Iran Cultural Heritage, Handcrafts and Tourism Organization is an educational and research institution overseeing numerous associated museum complexes throughout Iran. It is administered and funded by the Government of Iran....

. The oldest of these in Tehran province are the remains of two sites in Firuzkuh County
Firuzkuh County
Firuzkuh County is a county in Tehran Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Firuzkuh. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 37,416, in 10,414 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Arjomand District...

 that date back to the 4th millennium BCE.

Languages

The native Persian speakers of Iran dominate Tehran Province with a massive majority of 98.5% whilst other ethnic groups comprise 1.5% of the total population. Other ethnic minority are noticeable within the area but no individual ethnic group holds a sizeable population within Tehran. Nevertheless they are made up of a combination of Iraqi-Iranian, Gilaki, Kurdish
Kurdish people
The Kurdish people, or Kurds , are an Iranian people native to the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a region known as Kurdistan, which includes adjacent parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey...

, Mazandarani
Mazandarani
Mazandarani may refer to :* Mazandarani people, Mazandaranis, Tabarian people* Mazandarani language, A language spoken mainly in South Caspian region* Morteza Sadouqi Mazandarani, Iranian grand ayatollah...

, Azeri groups.

Divisions

  • Counties:


1. Damavand County
Damavand County
Damavand County is a county in Tehran Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Damavand. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 96,860, in 27,419 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Rudehen District...

................. 7.Robat Karim County

2.Eslamshahr County
Eslamshahr County
Eslamshahr County is a county in Tehran Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Eslamshahr. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 447,192, in 114,009 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Chahardangeh District...

................ 8. Shahriar County
Shahriar County
Shahriar County is a county in Tehran Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Shahriar. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 1,044,707, in 273,826 families; excluding those portions, the population was 516,022, in 134,378 families...



3. Firouzkouh County................ 9. Shemiranat County
Shemiranat County
Shemiranat County is a county in Tehran Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Shemiran, which is part of the city of Tehran. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 37,778, in 11,178 families...



4. Baharestan County
Baharestan County
Baharestan County is a county in Tehran Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Nasim Shahr. The county has one district: the Central District. The county has two cities: Nasim Shahr and Nasirabad. The county was formed in 2011 from the Baharestan District and parts of Golestan District,...

............... 10. Tehran County
Tehran County
Tehran County is a county in Tehran Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Tehran. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 7,882,843, in 2,313,002 families. The county is subdivided into three districts: the Central District, Kan District, and Aftab District...



5. Pakdasht County
Pakdasht County
Pakdasht County is a county in Tehran Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Pakdasht. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 240,841, in 61,234 families. The county is subdivided into two districts: the Central District and Sharifabad District...

................... 11. Varamin County
Varamin County
Varamin County is a county in Tehran Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Varamin. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 540,442, in 134,538 families; excluding those portions, the population was 470,447, in 117,250 families...



6. Rey County
Rey County
Rey County is a county in Tehran Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Rey, which is actually part of Tehran. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 292,016, in 71,711 families. The county is subdivided into three districts: the Central District, Kahrizak District, and...


  • Municipalities: Absard
    Absard
    Absard is a city in the Central District of Damavand County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 9,865, in 2,438 families.The minimum and maximum temperature was -24°C in January-February and 37°C in July-August...

    , Andisheh
    Andisheh (city)
    Andisheh is a city in the Central District of Shahriar County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 75,596, in 19,945 families.Andisheh is a new planned city, located from Tehran, northwest of Shahriar, and southeast of Karaj....

    , Baghershahr, Baghestan
    Baghestan
    Baghestan , also Romanized as Khādemābād and Khādamābād; also known as Khādemābād-e Qods and Muslemabad) is a city in the Central District of Shahriar County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 52,330, in 12,810 families....

    , Boumehen, Chahardangeh
    Chahardangeh
    Chahardangeh is a city in and the capital of Chahardangeh District, in Eslamshahr County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 42,159, in 10,791 families....

    , Damavand
    Damavand
    Damavand is a city in and the capital of Damavand County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 36,433, in 10,279 families....

    , Eshtehard
    Eshtehard
    Eshtehard , also Romanized as Īshtahābād) is a city in and the capital of Eshtehard District, in Karaj County, Alborz Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 16,988, in 4,813 families....

    , Eslamshahr
    Eslamshahr
    Eslamshahr is a city in and the capital of Eslamshahr County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 357,171, in 91,293 families....

    , Ferdowsieh
    Ferdowsieh
    Ferdowsieh is a city in the Central District of Shahriar County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 20,854, in 5,435 families....

    , Firouzkouh, Garmdarreh
    Garmdarreh
    Garmdarreh is a city in the Central District of Karaj County, Alborz Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 12,738, in 3,329 families....

    , Gharchak
    Gharchak
    Qarchak is a city in and the capital of Qarchak District, in Varamin County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 173,832, in 42,508 families....

    , Ghods, Golestan, Shahriar, Javadabad
    Javadabad
    Javadabad is a city in and the capital of Javadabad District, in Varamin County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 4,718, in 1,103 families....

    , Hassan Abad, Kahrizak
    Kahrizak
    Kahrizak is a city in and the capital of Kahrizak District, in Rey County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 8,704, in 2,178 families....

    , Kilan
    Kilan
    Kilan is a city in the Central District of Damavand County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 3,038, in 913 families.The name Kilan means - according to its natives - Kingsplace....

    , Lavasan
    Lavasan
    Lavasan , also Romanized as Galandowak and Galandūak) is a city in and the capital of Lavasanat District, in Shemiranat County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 15,448, in 4,645 families....

    , Malard
    Malard
    Malard is a city in and the capital of Malard County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 228,673, in 61,302 families....

    , Nasimshahr
    Nasimshahr
    Nasim Shahr , also Romanized as Akbarābād) is a city in and the capital of Baharestan County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 135,824, in 31,620 families....

    , Owshan Fasham Meygoun, Pakdasht
    Pakdasht
    Pakdasht is a city in and the capital of Pakdasht County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 126,281, in 32,625 families. Pakdasht is located southwest of the capital Tehran. The majority of the population speaks Persian and is Shia.-External links:...

    , Pardis
    Pardis
    Pardis , meaning "New City of Pardis") is a city in the Central District of Tehran County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 25,360, in 7,228 families.Pardis is a new planned city that has absorbed over 9,775 inhabitants in 2001...

    , Pishva
    Pishva
    Pishva is a city in and the capital of Pishva County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 41,480, in 10,734 families....

    , Robat Karim
    Robat Karim
    Robat Karim is a city in and capital of Robat Karim County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 62,937, in 16,675 families. It is located southwest of Tehran....

    , Roudehen
    Roudehen
    Rudehen is a city in and the capital of Rudehen District, in Damavand County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 19,535, in 5,693 families....

    , Sabashahr
    Sabashahr
    Sabashahr is a city in the Central District of Shahriar County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 18,132, in 4,472 families....

    , Safadasht
    Safadasht
    Safadasht is a city in the Central District of Malard County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 15,855, in 4,056 families....

    , Shahedshahr
    Shahedshahr
    Shahedshahr is a city in the Central District of Shahriar County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 18,855, in 4,599 families....

    , Shahriar, Sharifabad, Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

    , Vahidieh
    Vahidieh
    Vahidieh is a city in the Central District of Shahriar County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 24,871, in 6,131 families....

    , Varamin
    Varamin
    Varamin is a city in and the capital of Varamin County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 208,569, in 53,639 families.Varamin has an extensive history...

    ,

Tehran province today

Tehran is the commercial heart of Iran. Tehran province has over 17,000 industrial units employing 390,000 people, 26% of all units in Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...

. The province contains 30% of Iran's economy, and comprises 40% of Iran's consumer market. The province has three hydro dams namely Latiyan, Lar, and Amir Kabir as well as two natural lakes, providing the water supply of Tehran and the province.

The province contains 170 mines, over 330 square kilometres of forests, and over 12800 square kilometres of pasture.

Generally speaking, year round, regions such as the southern slopes of the Alborz Mountains, especially in the mountains, valleys, and rivers and artificial lakes formed behind the great dams of Amir Kabir, Latiyan and Lar along with natural lakes of Jaban and Tarr provide considerable recreation for the province.

Moreover, due to excessive snowfall in the northern areas of the province during the winter season, the Alborz
Alborz
Alborz , also written as Alburz, Elburz or Elborz, is a mountain range in northern Iran stretching from the borders of Azerbaijan and Armenia in the northwest to the southern end of the Caspian Sea, and ending in the east at the borders of Turkmenistan and Afghanistan...

 mountains form an excellent environment for winter sports such as skiing. Dizin
Dizin
Dizin is a ski resort situated to the north of Tehran in the Alborz mountain range.The huge Dizin ski resort was established in 1969 . The ski season in Dizin also lasts longer than European ski resorts because of its high altitude.The highest ski lift reaches , making it one of the 40 highest ski...

, Shemshak
Shemshak
Shemshak is a ski resort situated to the north-east of Tehran in the Alborz mountain range.Shemshak is the second largest ski area in Iran after Dizin and came into operation in 1958. It includes two ski lifts, three dish teleskis and two Hammer teleskis. The slopes lie at an altitude of 2550m to...

, and Tochal
Tochal
Mount Tochal is a mountain in the Alborz range and a ski resort adjacent to metropolitan Tehran, Iran. The mountain has a 12 km long ridgeline...

 are the most popular skiing resorts.

Road Transport

Tehran Province is covered with and connected to other provinces with a big Freeway and Expressway network:
  • Freeway 2
    Freeway 2 (Iran)
    -West Part:Freeway 2 runs from the capital city, Tehran to Tabriz in northwestern Iran. This freeway is an important transit road that connects Iran's industrial zones to Tabriz and Turkey.-East Part:...

     (Tehran-Karaj Freeway): This freeway connects Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

     to the capital city of neighboring province of Alborz, Karaj
    Karaj
    Karaj is a city in and the capital of Karaj County, Alborz Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,377,450, in 385,955 families, , making it the fifth-largest city in Iran after Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan and Tabriz.) It is situated west of Tehran, at the foothills of the Alborz...

     and continues towards Tabriz
    Tabriz
    Tabriz is the fourth largest city and one of the historical capitals of Iran and the capital of East Azerbaijan Province. Situated at an altitude of 1,350 meters at the junction of the Quri River and Aji River, it was the second largest city in Iran until the late 1960s, one of its former...

     and Europe
    European route E80
    European route E 80, also known as Trans-European Motorway or TEM, is an A-Class West-East European route, extending from Lisbon, Portugal to Gürbulak, Turkey, on the border with Iran...

    .
  • Freeway 5
    Freeway 5 (Iran)
    This part of Freeway 5 is a freeway in Iran connecting two cities of Tehran and Bandar Imam via Saveh, Arak, Borujerd, Khorramabad, Andimeshk and Ahvaz. This freeway is part of North-South Corridor. It starts from Azadegan Expressway and ends at Bandar Imam...

     (Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

    -Saveh
    Saveh
    Sāveh is a city in the Markazi Province of Iran. It is located around 100 km southwest of Tehran. As of 2006, the city had a population of 179,009 people.-History:In the 7th century BC it was as stronghold of the Medes...

     Freeway): This Freeway connects city of Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

     to its southern suburbs such as Sabashahr
    Sabashahr
    Sabashahr is a city in the Central District of Shahriar County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 18,132, in 4,472 families....

    , Robat Karim
    Robat Karim
    Robat Karim is a city in and capital of Robat Karim County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 62,937, in 16,675 families. It is located southwest of Tehran....

     and Parand
    Parand
    The new town of Parand is situated 10 km west from Robat Karim on the way to Saveh and it has about 7000 students in islamic azad university...

     and continues towards Markazi Province
    Markazi Province
    Markazi Province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. The word markazi means central in Persian. Markazi lies in western Iran. Its capital is Arak. Its population is estimated at 1.35 million...

     to Saveh
    Saveh
    Sāveh is a city in the Markazi Province of Iran. It is located around 100 km southwest of Tehran. As of 2006, the city had a population of 179,009 people.-History:In the 7th century BC it was as stronghold of the Medes...

     and Salafchegan
    Salafchegan
    Salafchegan is a city in and the capital of Salafchegan District, in Qom County, Qom Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 707, in 211 families....

    . There are plans to continue the freeway towards Khuzestan.
  • Freeway 7
    Freeway 7 (Iran)
    Freeway 7 is a freeway in central Iran. It starts from Jahad Square and Azadegan Expressway in Tehran. It then passes Behesht-e Zahra, Qom, Kashan, Natanz, Shahinshahr, Najafabad and ends in Zarrinshahr in a junction with Esfahan-Shahrekord Expressway....

     (Tehran-Qom Freeway/Khalij-e-Fars (Persian Gulf ) Freeway): This Freeway connects Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

     City to its airport, Imam Khomeini International Airport
    Imam Khomeini International Airport
    Imam Khomeini International Airport is located in Ahmadabad, Iran. The airport is located about southwest of the city near the localities of Robat-Karim and Eslamshahr. It was designed to replace Mehrabad International Airport, which is in the west of the city, now inside the city boundaries...

     and continues towards Qom
    Qom
    Qom is a city in Iran. It lies by road southwest of Tehran and is the capital of Qom Province. At the 2006 census, its population was 957,496, in 241,827 families. It is situated on the banks of the Qom River....

     and Esfahan.
  • Tehran-Pardis Freeway: This freeway connects Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

     City to its northeastern suburds such as Pardis
    Pardis
    Pardis , meaning "New City of Pardis") is a city in the Central District of Tehran County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 25,360, in 7,228 families.Pardis is a new planned city that has absorbed over 9,775 inhabitants in 2001...

    , Bumehen and Rudehen and joins Haraz Road
    Road 77 (Iran)
    Road 77 the International Road Iran Best History Nature, is the most important road from Tehran to northern Iran after Karaj-Chaloos Road. This road passes from the valley of Haraz river and therefore is also known as Haraz Road between Amol and Rudehen...

     and Firuzkuh Road
    Road 79 (Iran)
    Road 79 is a road running from near Tehran to Mazandaran....

    .
  • Tehran-Shomal Freeway: This under construction freeway will connect Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

     to Chalus
    Chalus
    Chalus can refer to:* Châlus, a commune in the Haute-Vienne département of France* Chalus, Puy-de-Dôme, a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme département of France* Chalus, Iran, a city in Mazandaran province of Iran...

     and the touristic areas in Shomal.
  • Makhsus Road
    Road 32 (Iran)
    Road 32 is a road in Northwestern part of Iran. It starts from Tehran and it runs from Tehran to Tabriz along Freeway 2 and from Tabriz to Bazargan, Turkish border....

    : This road is the old road from Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

     to Karaj
    Karaj
    Karaj is a city in and the capital of Karaj County, Alborz Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,377,450, in 385,955 families, , making it the fifth-largest city in Iran after Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan and Tabriz.) It is situated west of Tehran, at the foothills of the Alborz...

    . Because trucks are not allowed on the freeway
    Freeway 2 (Iran)
    -West Part:Freeway 2 runs from the capital city, Tehran to Tabriz in northwestern Iran. This freeway is an important transit road that connects Iran's industrial zones to Tabriz and Turkey.-East Part:...

     this road has a high congestion of trucks.
  • Road 38
    Road 38 (Iran)
    Road 38 is a road connecting Tehran to Buin Zahra and Hamedan Road....

    : This road connects Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

     to Shahriar and Malard
    Malard
    Malard is a city in and the capital of Malard County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 228,673, in 61,302 families....

     in southwestern Tehran and continues towards Buin-Zahra in Qazvin Province
    Qazvin Province
    The Qazvin Province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the north-west of the country, and its center is the city of Qazvin. The province was created in 1993 out of part of Tehran Province and includes 20 cities: Qazvin, Takestan, Abyek, Buin-Zahra, Eqhbalieh, Mohammadieh, Alvand,...

    .
  • Road 44
    Road 44 (Iran)
    Road 44 is a very important road because many people from Tehran go to Mashhad by this road. Almost all of this road is Expressway....

    : This Expressway connects Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

     to Mashhad
    Mashhad
    Mashhad , is the second largest city in Iran and one of the holiest cities in the Shia Muslim world. It is also the only major Iranian city with an Arabic name. It is located east of Tehran, at the center of the Razavi Khorasan Province close to the borders of Afghanistan and Turkmenistan. Its...

    .
  • Road 65
    Road 65 (Iran)
    This north-south road is an important transit road connecting Tehran to Fars.-Abadeh-Shiraz:Saadatshahr Tunnel located between Saadatshahr and Qaderabad will be closed for repairs and lighting related works from 22th of November 2011 to mid-February 2012....

     (Saidi Expressway
    Saidi Expressway
    Saidi Expressway is an expressway in western Tehran. It starts from Azadi Square and passes Fath Square, Qazvin Street, Yaftabad Street and Zam-zam Square. Then it goes to southwest towards Azadegan Expressway and Saveh Road....

    /Saveh Road): This road connects Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

     to its southern suburbs such as Chahardangeh
    Chahardangeh
    Chahardangeh is a city in and the capital of Chahardangeh District, in Eslamshahr County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 42,159, in 10,791 families....

    , Eslamshahr
    Eslamshahr
    Eslamshahr is a city in and the capital of Eslamshahr County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 357,171, in 91,293 families....

     and Golestan
    Golestan, Iran
    Golestan is a city in and capital of Golestan District, Robat Karim County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 231,882, in 57,216 families....

    . It continues towards Saveh
    Saveh
    Sāveh is a city in the Markazi Province of Iran. It is located around 100 km southwest of Tehran. As of 2006, the city had a population of 179,009 people.-History:In the 7th century BC it was as stronghold of the Medes...

     and further south towards Esfahan, Abadeh
    Abadeh
    Abadeh is a city in and the capital of Abadeh County, in Fars Province, Iran. Abadeh is situated at an elevation of in a fertile plain on the high road between Isfahan and Shiraz, from the former and from the latter. At the 2006 census, its population was 52,042, in 14,184 families...

    , Shiraz
    Shiraz
    Shiraz may refer to:* Shiraz, Iran, a city in Iran* Shiraz County, an administrative subdivision of Iran* Vosketap, Armenia, formerly called ShirazPeople:* Hovhannes Shiraz, Armenian poet* Ara Shiraz, Armenian sculptor...

     and finally the Persian Gulf
    Persian Gulf
    The Persian Gulf, in Southwest Asia, is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula.The Persian Gulf was the focus of the 1980–1988 Iran-Iraq War, in which each side attacked the other's oil tankers...

     coastal industrial city of Asaluyeh.
  • Road 71
    Road 71 (Iran)
    This important road connects Tehran to Persian gulf....

     (Qom
    Qom
    Qom is a city in Iran. It lies by road southwest of Tehran and is the capital of Qom Province. At the 2006 census, its population was 957,496, in 241,827 families. It is situated on the banks of the Qom River....

     old Road): This road is the road that connected Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

     to Qom
    Qom
    Qom is a city in Iran. It lies by road southwest of Tehran and is the capital of Qom Province. At the 2006 census, its population was 957,496, in 241,827 families. It is situated on the banks of the Qom River....

     as a main road before the opening of the freeway
    Freeway 7 (Iran)
    Freeway 7 is a freeway in central Iran. It starts from Jahad Square and Azadegan Expressway in Tehran. It then passes Behesht-e Zahra, Qom, Kashan, Natanz, Shahinshahr, Najafabad and ends in Zarrinshahr in a junction with Esfahan-Shahrekord Expressway....

     in 1980. It is still an important transit road because trucks are not allowed in the freeway.
  • (Damavand Road/Haraz Road): This road connects Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

     to cities like Rudehen, Abali
    Abali
    Abalı is a village in the municipality of Maqov in the Zaqatala Rayon of Azerbaijan....

     and Damavand
    Damavand
    Damavand is a city in and the capital of Damavand County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 36,433, in 10,279 families....

     and continues towards Amol
    Amol
    Amol is a city in and the capital of Amol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 197,470, in 55,183 families.Amol and the old part of town is the first of the four towns that populate the world in which there is Nzamyh...

     in Mazandaran province
    Mazandaran Province
    Mazandaran Province is a Caspian province in the north of Iran. Located on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea, it is bordered clockwise by the Golestan, Semnan, Tehran, Alborz, Qazvin, and Gilan provinces....

     in Shomal. It is the most congested road from Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

     to Shomal after Chalous Road
    Road 59 (Iran)
    Road 59, also known as the Chalous Road or Kandovan Road, is an important road for people of Tehran, a large number of whom drive to popular tourist attractions in the north of Iran on weekends and for holidays.This road is one of the busiest roads in Iran....

    .
  • Road 79
    Road 79 (Iran)
    Road 79 is a road running from near Tehran to Mazandaran....

     (Firuzkuh
    Firuzkuh
    Firuzkuh is a city in and the capital of Firuzkuh County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 15,807, in 4,334 families....

     Road): This road connects Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

     to Firuzkuh
    Firuzkuh
    Firuzkuh is a city in and the capital of Firuzkuh County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 15,807, in 4,334 families....

     and Qaemshahr and therefore Sari
    Sari
    A sari or sareeThe name of the garment in various regional languages include: , , , , , , , , , , , , , is a strip of unstitched cloth, worn by females, ranging from four to nine metres in length that is draped over the body in various styles. It is popular in India, Bangladesh, Nepal,...

    .
  • Greater Tehran
    Tehran
    Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

     Expressway Network:

National Rail Network

Tehran
Tehran
Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

 city is connected to the North, South, West and East with railway. It has weekly trains for Istanbul
Istanbul
Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...

. Tehran
Tehran
Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

 is the headquarters of RAJA
Raja
Raja is an Indian term for a monarch, or princely ruler of the Kshatriya varna...

 (Iran national railway). There are plans to build high speed railway lines from Tehran
Tehran
Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

 to Mashhad
Mashhad
Mashhad , is the second largest city in Iran and one of the holiest cities in the Shia Muslim world. It is also the only major Iranian city with an Arabic name. It is located east of Tehran, at the center of the Razavi Khorasan Province close to the borders of Afghanistan and Turkmenistan. Its...

 and Esfahan.

Tehran Metro

Tehran
Tehran
Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

 is served by a system of metro of 3 urban lines (1, 2, 4) and one suburban line (5) serving Karaj
Karaj
Karaj is a city in and the capital of Karaj County, Alborz Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,377,450, in 385,955 families, , making it the fifth-largest city in Iran after Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan and Tabriz.) It is situated west of Tehran, at the foothills of the Alborz...

 and Tehran western suburbs. There are plans to extend the system to 8 urban lines and 4 express suburban lines.

Airports

Tehran Province has two main passenger airports:
  • Mehrabad Airport
  • Imam Khomeini Airport

It also has numbers of air force bases.

Parks, recreation and other attractions

  • Darband (hiking trail)
  • Chitgar Park
    Chitgar Park
    Chitgar Forest Park is situated in Tehran province, Iran. It is an artificial forest and covers an area of 14.5 square kilometers west of Tehran. It lies within the borders of Tehran's district 22. It also has different ramps and facilities for cycling and skating...

  • Mellat Park
    Mellat Park
    Mellat Park is a park in Tehran, the capital city of Iran.Known as the Shahanshahi Park prior to the revolution of 1979, it is one of the largest recreation areas in Tehran...

  • Laleh Park
    Laleh Park
    right|thumb|300px|Laleh Park's southwestern entrance with a statue of [[Biruni]], a medieval Persian astronomer.Laleh Park , is a large recreation area of the Iranian capital Tehran....

  • Jamshidieh Park
    Jamshidieh Park
    Jamshidieh Park , is a park located in the neighbourhood of Niavaran at the base of Kolakchal mountain.-History:The premises was established as a private garden by the Qajar prince and engineer Jamshid Davallu Qajar during the Pahlavi era, the garden was dedicated to Farah Diba, the empress of Iran...

  • Niavaran Park
    Niavaran Park
    Niavaran Park is a public park in Tehran. It is located within the Niavaran district and is situated immediately south of the Niavaran Palace Complex. Niavaran Park is one of the most famous parks in Iran, many teenagers gather around to socialize or take a stroll. Niavaran Park has a small roller...

  • Sa'ei Park
  • Shatranj Park
  • Tangeh Savashi
    Tangeh Savashi
    Tangeh Savashi or Tangeh Vashi is a popular tourist attraction in the Tehran Province of Iran ....

  • Police Park
  • Darabad hiking trail
  • Darakeh hiking trail
  • Jahan-e Kudak Park
  • Azadi Sports complex
  • Enghelab Sports Complex and Golf course
  • Several caves, springs, and waterfalls outside Tehran.
  • Latyan Lake
  • Lavizan Forest Park
  • Vard-Avard Forest Park
  • Khajeer National Park
  • Kaveer National Park
  • Tar Lake
  • Amir Kabir Lake
  • Lar Protected Natural Habitat
  • Varjeen Protected Natural Habitat

Religious centers

Mosques, shrines, mausoleums, and tombs

  • Soltani Mosque, built by Fath Ali Shah
  • Atiq Mosque, built in 1663.
  • Mo'ezz o-dowleh mosque, built by Fath Ali Shah
  • Haj Seyd Azizollah mosque, built by Fath Ali Shah
  • Al-javad mosque, Iran's first modernist design mosque.
  • The Old Sepahsalar mosque, another prominent Qajar era mosque.
  • The new Sepahsalar mosque (Madreseh e Motahari)
  • Filsuf o-dowleh Mosque, Qajar era
  • Moshir ol-Saltaneh Mosque, Qajar era
  • Mo'ayyer ol-Mamalik Mosque, Qajar era
  • Shahr Banu Mausopleum
  • Javan-mard Qassab Mausoleum, a pre-Islamic semi-mythical hero
  • Dozens of Imam-zadeh shrines, hundreds of years old, including that of Imam Zadeh Saleh
    Imam Zadeh Saleh
    Imāmzādeh Sāleh is one of many Imāmzadeh mosques in Iran. The mosque is located at Tajrish Square in Tehran's northern Shemiran district. The mosque entombs the remains of Sāleh, a son of the Twelver Shī‘ah Imām, Mūsā al-Kādhim, and is one of the most popular Shī‘ah shrines in northern Tehran.-See...

    .
  • Dozens of Saqa Khanehs: traditional places of prayer
  • Several Tekyeh
    Tekyeh
    A Tekyeh is a place where Shias gather to mourn the killing of Husayn bin Ali.Such places are particularly found in Iran. They are usually traditionally designed with observable elements of Persian architecture....

    s: traditional places for mourning Muharram ceremonies for Husayn ibn Ali
    Husayn ibn Ali
    Hussein ibn ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib ‎ was the son of ‘Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib and Fātimah Zahrā...

    .
  • Ebn-e Babooyeh
    Ebn-e Babooyeh
    Ebn-e Babooyeh cemetery, Ibn-e Baabevey, or Ibn Babviyeh is located in Iran in the town of Rey ....

    cemetery, where numerous Iranian figures, such as Takhti and Ali Akbar Dehkhoda
    Ali Akbar Dehkhoda
    Allameh Ali Akbar Dehkhoda was a prominent Iranian linguist, and author of the most extensive dictionary of the Persian language ever published.-Biography:...

    , are buried.
  • Zahir o-dowleh cemetery, housing the tombs of art and cultural figures such as Iraj Mirza
    Iraj Mirza
    Prince Iraj Mirza , son of prince Gholam Hossein Mirza, was a famous Iranian poet. He was a modern poet and his works are associated with the criticism of traditions. He had translations from the French language....

    , Mohammad Taghi Bahar
    Mohammad Taghi Bahar
    Mohammad-Taqí Bahār , widely known as Malek o-Sho'arā and Malek o-Sho'arā Bahār , is a renowned Iranian poet and scholar, who was also a politician, journalist, historian and Professor of Literature...

    , Forough Farrokhzad
    Forough Farrokhzad
    Forugh Farrokhzād was an Iranian poet and film director. Forugh Farrokhzad is arguably one of Iran's most influential female poets of the twentieth century...

    , Abolhasan Saba
    Abolhasan Saba
    Abol Hasan Sabā , was a renowned Iranian musician, composer, violinist, and setar player.-Biography:He was born in Tehran to Abul Qasim Khan Kamal ol-Saltaneh, son of Mohammad Jafar Khan Sadr ol-Hekma, son of Mahmud Khan Kashi Malak ol-Shoara Sadr ol-Shoara Saba ol-Shoara, son of Mohammad Hossain...

    , Ruhollah Khaleghi
    Ruhollah Khaleghi
    Rūhollāh Khāleqi , also spelled as Khaleghi, was a prominent Iranian musician, composer, conductor and author.-Education:...

    , and Darvish-khan
    Darvish-khan
    -Biography:Darvish Khan was born at Tehran.His teachers included his father and Aqa Hossein-Qoli Farahani. He was a member of the Aziz Soltan music group. Later, he attended the Dar ol-Fonoon Music School. He received the First-Class medal from the French government for his works and concerts for...

     are buried.
  • Kordan Tomb, Seljuqi era, Karaj
    Karaj
    Karaj is a city in and the capital of Karaj County, Alborz Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,377,450, in 385,955 families, , making it the fifth-largest city in Iran after Tehran, Mashhad, Isfahan and Tabriz.) It is situated west of Tehran, at the foothills of the Alborz...

    .
  • Maydanak Tomb, 13th century, Karaj
  • The Polish cemetery north of Tehran, where numerous Western
    Western world
    The Western world, also known as the West and the Occident , is a term referring to the countries of Western Europe , the countries of the Americas, as well all countries of Northern and Central Europe, Australia and New Zealand...

     Allied
    Allies of World War II
    The Allies of World War II were the countries that opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War . Former Axis states contributing to the Allied victory are not considered Allied states...

     soldiers of World War II
    World War II
    World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

     are buried

Churches

  • Surep Georg Church, 1790
  • Thaddeus
    Saint Jude
    Jude was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. He is generally identified with Thaddeus, and is also variously called Jude of James, Jude Thaddaeus, Judas Thaddaeus or Lebbaeus...

     Bartoqimus Church, 1808
  • Tatavus Church, from the Qajar era
  • Enjili Church, 1867
  • Assyrian Church

Colleges and universities

Tehran province's major universities are:

External links



See the city of Tehran
Tehran
Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...

 for further information and links, also: List of the localities around Tehran
The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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