Summit (meeting)
Encyclopedia
A summit meeting is a meeting of heads of state
or government
, usually with considerable media exposure, tight security and a prearranged agenda
.
Notable summit meetings include those of Franklin D. Roosevelt
, Winston Churchill
and Joseph Stalin
during World War II
.
During the Cold War
, when American
president
s joined with Soviet
or Chinese
counterparts for one-on-one meetings, the media labelled the event as a "summit". The post-Cold War
era has produced an increase in the number of "summit" events.
Arab League summits
Earth Summit
Inter-Korean summit
Millennium Development Goals
Head of State
A head of state is the individual that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchy, republic, federation, commonwealth or other kind of state. His or her role generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of...
or government
Head of government
Head of government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. In a parliamentary system, the head of government is often styled prime minister, chief minister, premier, etc...
, usually with considerable media exposure, tight security and a prearranged agenda
Agenda (meeting)
An agenda is a list of meeting activities in the order in which they are to be taken up, by beginning with the call to order and ending with adjournment. It usually includes one or more specific items of business to be discussed. It may, but is not required to, include specific times for one or...
.
Notable summit meetings include those of Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin Delano Roosevelt , also known by his initials, FDR, was the 32nd President of the United States and a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century, leading the United States during a time of worldwide economic crisis and world war...
, Winston Churchill
Winston Churchill
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, was a predominantly Conservative British politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest wartime leaders of the century and served as Prime Minister twice...
and Joseph Stalin
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin was the Premier of the Soviet Union from 6 May 1941 to 5 March 1953. He was among the Bolshevik revolutionaries who brought about the October Revolution and had held the position of first General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee...
during World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
.
During the Cold War
Cold War
The Cold War was the continuing state from roughly 1946 to 1991 of political conflict, military tension, proxy wars, and economic competition between the Communist World—primarily the Soviet Union and its satellite states and allies—and the powers of the Western world, primarily the United States...
, when American
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
president
President of the United States
The President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces....
s joined with Soviet
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
or Chinese
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
counterparts for one-on-one meetings, the media labelled the event as a "summit". The post-Cold War
Cold War
The Cold War was the continuing state from roughly 1946 to 1991 of political conflict, military tension, proxy wars, and economic competition between the Communist World—primarily the Soviet Union and its satellite states and allies—and the powers of the Western world, primarily the United States...
era has produced an increase in the number of "summit" events.
World War II conferences
- U.S.-British Staff Conference (ABC-1)U.S.-British Staff Conference (ABC-1)Secret discussions between United States and British military staff members on American, British and Canadian military coordination in the event of U.S. entry into World War II. The conference took place in Washington, D.C...
(January 29–March 27, 1941) - Atlantic ConferenceAtlantic CharterThe Atlantic Charter was a pivotal policy statement first issued in August 1941 that early in World War II defined the Allied goals for the post-war world. It was drafted by Britain and the United States, and later agreed to by all the Allies...
(August 9–12, 1941) - Moscow ConferenceMoscow Conference (1941)The First Moscow Conference of World War II took place from September 29, 1941 to October 1, 1941.Averell Harriman representing the United States of America and Lord Beaverbrook representing the United Kingdom met with Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union to give assurances that those two leading...
(September 29–October 1, 1941) - Arcadia ConferenceArcadia ConferenceThe First Washington Conference, also known as the Arcadia Conference , was held in Washington, D.C. from December 22, 1941 to January 14, 1942. It was the first meeting on military strategy between the heads of government of the United Kingdom and the United States following the United States'...
(December 22, 1941–January 14, 1942) - Second Washington Conference (June 20–25, 1942)
- Second Moscow ConferenceMoscow Conference (1942)The Second Moscow Conference between the major Allies of World War II took place from August 12, 1942 to August 17, 1942.Winston Churchill, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Averell Harriman...
(August 12–19, 1942) - CherchellCherchellCherchell is a seaport town in the Province of Tipaza, Algeria, 55 miles west of Algiers. It is the district seat of Cherchell District. As of 1998, it had a population of 24,400.-Ancient history:...
Conference (October 21–22, 1942) - Casablanca Conference (January 14–24, 1943)
- Bermuda ConferenceBermuda ConferenceThe Bermuda Conference was an international conference between the United Kingdom and the United States held on April 19, 1943 at Hamilton, Bermuda, Bermuda Triangle. Discussions included the question of Jewish refugees who had been liberated by Allied forces and those who still remained...
(April 19, 1943) - Third Washington Conference (May 12–27, 1943)
- Quebec ConferenceQuebec Conference, 1943The First Quebec Conference was a highly secret military conference held during World War II between the British, Canadian and United States governments. The conference was held in Quebec City, August 17, 1943 – August 24, 1943. It took place at the Citadelle and at the Château Frontenac. The...
(August 17–24, 1943) - Third Moscow ConferenceMoscow Conference (1943)The Third Moscow Conference between the major Allies of World War II took place from October 18 to November 11, 1943, at the Moscow Kremlin and Spiridonovka Palace....
(October 18–November 1, 1943) - Cairo ConferenceCairo ConferenceThe Cairo Conference of November 22–26, 1943, held in Cairo, Egypt, addressed the Allied position against Japan during World War II and made decisions about postwar Asia...
(November 22-November 26, 1943) - Tehran ConferenceTehran ConferenceThe Tehran Conference was the meeting of Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill between November 28 and December 1, 1943, most of which was held at the Soviet Embassy in Tehran, Iran. It was the first World War II conference amongst the Big Three in which Stalin was present...
(November 28-December 1, 1943) - Second Cairo ConferenceSecond Cairo ConferenceThe Second Cairo Conference of December 4–6, 1943, held in Cairo, Egypt, addressed Turkey's possible contribution to the Allies in World War II...
(December 4–6, 1943) - Commonwealth Prime Ministers' ConferenceCommonwealth Prime Ministers' ConferenceFor conferences held since 1969 see Commonwealth Heads of Government MeetingCommonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference were biennial meetings of Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom and the Dominion members of the British Commonwealth of Nations. Seventeen Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conferences...
(May 1-16, 1944) - United Nations Monetary and Financial ConferenceUnited Nations Monetary and Financial ConferenceThe United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, commonly known as the Bretton Woods conference, was a gathering of 730 delegates from all 44 Allied nations at the Mount Washington Hotel, situated in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, to regulate the international monetary and financial order after...
(Bretton Woods) (July 1–15, 1944) - Dumbarton Oaks ConferenceDumbarton Oaks ConferenceThe Dumbarton Oaks Conference or, more formally, the Washington Conversations on International Peace and Security Organization was an international conference at which the United Nations was formulated and negotiated among international leaders...
(August 21–29, 1944) - Second Quebec ConferenceSecond Quebec ConferenceThe Second Quebec Conference was a high level military conference held during World War II between the British, Canadian and American governments. The conference was held in Quebec City, September 12, 1944 - September 16, 1944, and was the second conference to be held in Quebec, after "QUADRANT"...
(September 12–16, 1944) - Fourth Moscow ConferenceMoscow Conference (1944)The Fourth Moscow Conference, also Tolstoy Conference for its code name Tolstoy, between the major Allies of World War II took place from October 9 to October 19 1944....
(October 9, 1944) - Malta ConferenceMalta Conference (1945)The Malta Conference was held from January 30 to February 3, 1945 between President Franklin D. Roosevelt of the United States and Prime Minister Winston Churchill of the United Kingdom on the island of Malta...
(January 30–February 2, 1945) - Yalta ConferenceYalta ConferenceThe Yalta Conference, sometimes called the Crimea Conference and codenamed the Argonaut Conference, held February 4–11, 1945, was the wartime meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union, represented by President Franklin D...
(February 4–11, 1945) - United Nations Conference on International OrganizationUnited Nations Conference on International OrganizationThe United Nations Conference on International Organization was a convention of delegates from 50 Allied nations that took place from 25 April 1945 to 26 June 1945 in San Francisco, California. At this convention, the delegates reviewed and rewrote the Dumbarton Oaks agreements...
(April 25–June 26, 1945) - Potsdam ConferencePotsdam ConferenceThe Potsdam Conference was held at Cecilienhof, the home of Crown Prince Wilhelm Hohenzollern, in Potsdam, occupied Germany, from 16 July to 2 August 1945. Participants were the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States...
(July 17–August 2, 1945)
Arab League summitsArab LeagueThe Arab League , officially called the League of Arab States , is a regional organisation of Arab states in North and Northeast Africa, and Southwest Asia . It was formed in Cairo on 22 March 1945 with six members: Egypt, Iraq, Transjordan , Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Syria. Yemen joined as a...
- 1974 Rabat summit conferenceRabat summit conferenceThe 1974 Arab League summit was a meeting of Arab leaders held in Rabat, Morocco in 1974. Leaders to twenty Arab countries were present, including King Hussein of Jordan, together with representatives of the Palestine Liberation Organization...
- 2002 Beirut Summit
Earth SummitEarth SummitThe United Nations Conference on Environment and Development , also known as the Rio Summit, Rio Conference, Earth Summit was a major United Nations conference held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 June to 14 June 1992.-Overview:...
s
- 1992 Earth Summit, Rio de Janiero, Brazil
- 2002 Earth SummitEarth Summit 2002The World Summit on Sustainable Development, WSSD or Earth Summit 2002 took place in Johannesburg, South Africa, from 26 August to 4 September 2002. It was convened to discuss sustainable development by the United Nations. WSSD gathered a number of leaders from business and non-governmental...
, Johannesburg, South Africa,
Economic summits
- Group of Six, heads of government
- 1975 1st G6 summit1st G6 summitThe 1st G6 summit took place on November 15–17, 1975, in Rambouillet, France. The venue for the summit meetings was the Château de Rambouillet near Paris....
, Château de Rambouillet
- 1975 1st G6 summit
- Group of Seven, heads of government
- 1976 2nd G7 summit2nd G7 summitThe 2nd G7 Summit was held at Dorado, Puerto Rico between June 27 and 28, 1976. The venue for the summit meetings was the Dorado Beach Resort, which is near San Juan, Puerto Rico....
, San Juan - 1977 3rd G7 summit3rd G7 summitThe 3rd G7 Summit was held at London, United Kingdom between 7-8 May 1977. The venue for the summit meetings was the British Prime Minister's official residence at No...
, London - 1978 4th G7 summit4th G7 summitThe 4th G7 Summit was held at Bonn, West Germany between July 16 and 17, 1978. The venue for the summit meeting was at the former official residence of the Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany in Bonn, the Palais Schaumburg....
, Bonn - 1979 5th G7 summit5th G7 summitThe 5th G7 Summit was held at Tokyo, Japan between June 28 and 29, 1979. The venue for the summit meetings was the State Guesthouse in Tokyo, Japan....
, Tokyo - 1980 6th G7 summit6th G7 summitThe 6th G7 Summit was held at Venice, Italy between June 22 and 23rd, 1980. The venue for the summit meetings was the island of San Giorgio Maggiore in the Venetian lagoon....
, Venice - 1981 7th G7 summit7th G7 summitThe 7th G7 Summit was called the Ottawa Summit, and was held in Montebello, Quebec, Canada and nearby Ottawa between July 20 and 21, 1981. The venue for the summit meetings was the Château Montebello....
, Montebello - 1982 8th G7 summit8th G7 summitThe 8th G7 Summit was held at the in Versailles, France between July 4 to 6, 1982. The venue for the summit meetings was at the Château de Versailles near Paris....
, Versailles - 1983 9th G7 summit9th G7 SummitThe 9th G7 Summit was held at Williamsburg, Virginia, United States during the 28th to 30th of May 1983. The venue for the summit meetings was Colonial Williamsburg in Virginia....
, Williamsburg - 1984 10th G7 summit10th G7 summitThe 10th G7 Summit was held at the in London, England, United Kingdom between June 7 to 9, 1984. The venue for the summit meetings was Lancaster House in London....
, London - 1985 11th G7 summit11th G7 summitThe 11th G7 Summit was held in Bonn, West Germany between May 2 and May 4 in 1985. The venue for the summit meeting was at the former official residence of the Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany in Bonn, the Palais Schaumburg....
, Bonn - 1986 12th G7 summit12th G7 summitThe 12th G7 Summit was held in Tokyo, Japan between May 4 and May 6, 1986. The venue for the summit meetings was the State Guesthouse in Tokyo, Japan....
, Tokyo
- 1987 13th G7 summit13th G7 summitThe 13th G7 Summit was held in Venice, Italy between June 8 and 10, 1987. The venue for the summit meetings was the island of San Giorgio Maggiore in the Venetian lagoon....
, Venice - 1988 14th G7 summit14th G7 summitThe 14th G7 Summit was held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada between June 19 and 21, 1988. The venue for the summit meetings was the Metro Toronto Convention Centre in central Toronto....
, Toronto - 1989 15th G7 summit15th G7 summitThe 15th G7 Summit was held in the business district of La Défense to the west of Paris, France between July 14 to 16, 1989. The venue for the summit meetings was the Grande Arche which was rushed to completion for celebrations marking the bicentennial of the French Revolution and for the world...
, Grande Arche - 1990 16th G7 summit16th G7 summitThe 16th G7 Summit was held at Houston, Texas, United States between July 9 and 11, 1990. The venue for the summit meetings was the campus of Rice University and other locations nearby in the Houston Museum District....
, Houston - 1991 17th G7 summit17th G7 summitThe 17th G7 Summit was held in London, England, United Kingdom between July 15 to 17, 1991. The venue for the summit meetings was Lancaster House in London....
, London - 1992 18th G7 summit18th G7 summitThe 18th G7 Summit was held in Munich, Germany between July 6 to 8, 1992. The venue for the summit meetings was at the Residenz palace in central Munich....
, Munich - 1993 19th G7 summit19th G7 summitThe 19th G7 Summit was held in Tokyo, Japan between July 7 to 9, 1993. The venue for the summit meetings was the State Guesthouse in Tokyo, Japan....
, Tokyo - 1994 20th G7 summit20th G7 summitThe 20th G7 Summit was held in Naples, Italy between July 8 to 10, 1994. The venue for the summit meetings was the former Royal Palace in Naples....
, Naples - 1995 21st G7 summit21st G7 summitThe 21st G7 summit was held from June 15 to June 17, 1995 in Halifax, Nova Scotia. The venue for this summit meeting was Summit Place in Halifax...
, Halifax - 1996 22nd G7 summit22nd G7 summitThe 22nd G7 Summit was held at the in Lyon, France between June 27 and 29, 1996. The venue for this summit meeting was the . The locations of previous summits to have been hosted by France include: Rambouillet , Versailles and Paris ....
, Lyon
- Group of EightG8The Group of Eight is a forum, created by France in 1975, for the governments of seven major economies: Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In 1997, the group added Russia, thus becoming the G8...
, heads of government
- 1997 23rd G8 summit23rd G8 summitThe 23rd G8 summit was held from June 20 to 22, 1997 in Denver, Colorado, United States. The venue was the newly constructed Denver Public Library in downtown Denver...
, Denver - 1998 24th G8 summit24th G8 summitThe 24th G8 Summit was held at Birmingham, England, United Kingdom between May 15 to 17 1998. The venue for this summit meeting was the Birmingham International Convention Centre....
, Birmingham - 1999 25th G8 summit25th G8 summitThe 25th G8 Summit was held at Cologne, Germany between June 18 and 20, 1999. The venue for this summit meeting was the Museum Ludwig in the central city.-Overview:...
, Cologne - 2000 26th G8 summit26th G8 summitThe 26th G8 Summit was a political summit that took place in Nago, Okinawa, Japan, on July 21- July 23, 2000.-Overview:The Group of Seven was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United...
, Okinawa - 2001 27th G8 summit27th G8 summit-Overview:The Group of Seven was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada starting in 1976. The G8, meeting for the first time in 1997, was formed with the addition...
, Genoa - 2002 28th G8 summit28th G8 summitThe 28th G8 Summit took place in Kananaskis, Alberta, Canada on June 26 and June 27, 2002.-Overview:The Group of Seven was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada...
, Kananaskis - 2003 29th G8 summit29th G8 summitThe 29th G8 summit took place in Évian-les-Bains, France, in June 2003. As is usual for G8 summits, there were a range of protests.-Overview:...
, Évian-les-Bains - 2004 30th G8 summit30th G8 summitThe 30th G8 summit took place in Sea Island, Georgia, United States, on June 8 – June 10, 2004.-Overview:The Group of Seven was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States and...
, Sea Island
- 2005 31st G8 summit31st G8 summitThe 31st G8 summit was held from July 6 to July 8, 2005 at the Gleneagles Hotel in Auchterarder, Scotland, United Kingdom and hosted by British Prime Minister Tony Blair...
, Gleneagles - 2006 32nd G8 summit32nd G8 summitThe 32nd summit of the G8 group of industrialised nations took place from 15 July to 17 July 2006 in Saint Petersburg, Russia. The venue was the Constantine Palace, which is located in Strelna on the Gulf of Finland...
, Saint Petersburg - 2007 33rd G8 summit33rd G8 summitThe 33rd G8 summit took place at Kempinski Grand Hotel in Heiligendamm in the old Duchy of Mecklenburg in the Northern German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern on the Baltic Coast. The group of eight leaders met together from 6 June to 8 June 2007...
, Heiligendamm - 2008 34th G8 summit34th G8 summitThe 34th G8 summit took place in on the northern island of Hokkaidō, Japan from July 7–9, 2008. The locations of previous summits to have been hosted by Japan include: Tokyo ; and Nago, Okinawa . The G8 Summit has evolved beyond being a gathering of world political leaders...
, Tokyo - 2009 35th G8 summit35th G8 summitThe 35th G8 summit took place in the city of L'Aquila, Abruzzo, on July 8–10, 2009. It was moved from the Sardinian seaside city of La Maddalena as part of an attempt to redistribute disaster funds after the 2009 L'Aquila earthquake.....
, L'Aquila, Abruzzo - 2010 36th G8 summit36th G8 summitThe 36th G8 summit was held in Huntsville, Ontario, Canada, from June 25 to June 26, 2010. In this year's meeting, the G8 leaders agreed in reaffirming the group's essential and continuing role in international affairs...
, Huntsville - 2011 37th G8 summit37th G8 summitThe 37th G8 summit was held 26–27 May 2011 in the commune of Deauville in France.Previous G8 summits have been hosted by France in locations which include Rambouillet ; Versailles ; Grande Arche, Paris ; Lyon ; and Évian-les-Bains .- Overview :The Group of Six was an unofficial forum which...
, Deauville
- Group of TwentyG-20 major economiesThe Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors is a group of finance ministers and central bank governors from 20 major economies: 19 countries plus the European Union, which is represented by the President of the European Council and by the European Central Bank...
, heads of government- 2008 G-20 Washington summit2008 G-20 Washington summitThe 2008 G-20 Washington Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy took place on November 14–15, 2008, in Washington, D.C., United States. It achieved general agreement amongst the G-20 on how to cooperate in key areas so as to strengthen economic growth, deal with the financial...
- 2009 G-20 London summit2009 G-20 London summitThe 2009 G-20 London Summit is the second meeting of the G-20 heads of state in discussion of financial markets and the world economy, which was held in London on 2 April 2009 at the ExCeL Exhibition Centre. It followed the first G-20 Leaders Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy, which...
- 2009 G-20 Pittsburgh summit2009 G-20 Pittsburgh summitThe 2009 G-20 Pittsburgh Summit was the third meeting of the G-20 heads of state in discussion of financial markets and the world economy.The G-20 is the premier forum for discussing, planning and monitoring international economiccooperation....
- 2010 G-20 Toronto summit2010 G-20 Toronto summitThe 2010 G-20 Toronto summit was the fourth meeting of the G-20 heads of government, in discussion of the global financial system and the world economy, which took place at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, during June 26–27, 2010...
- 2010 G-20 Seoul summit2010 G-20 Seoul summitThe 2010 G20 Seoul Summit was the fifth meeting of the G-20 heads of government, to discuss the global financial system and the world economy, which took place in Seoul, South Korea on November 11–12, 2010...
- 2011 G-20 Cannes summit2011 G-20 Cannes summitThe 2011 G-20 Cannes Summit is the sixth meeting of the G-20 heads of government in a series of on-going discussions about financial markets and the world economy....
- 2008 G-20 Washington summit
European summits
- 1969 The Hague: Foreign policy and enlargement.
- 1974 Paris: Creation of the Council.
- 1985 Milan: Initiate IGCIntergovernmental ConferenceAn Intergovernmental Conference is the formal procedure for negotiating amendments to the founding treaties of the European Union. Under the treaties, an IGC is called into being by the European Council, and is composed of representatives of the member states, with the Commission, and to a lesser...
leading to the Single European ActSingle European ActThe Single European Act was the first major revision of the 1957 Treaty of Rome. The Act set the European Community an objective of establishing a Single Market by 31 December 1992, and codified European Political Cooperation, the forerunner of the European Union's Common Foreign and Security Policy...
. - 1991 Maastricht': Agreement on the Maastricht TreatyMaastricht TreatyThe Maastricht Treaty was signed on 7 February 1992 by the members of the European Community in Maastricht, Netherlands. On 9–10 December 1991, the same city hosted the European Council which drafted the treaty...
. - 1997 Amsterdam: Agreement on the Amsterdam TreatyAmsterdam TreatyThe Amsterdam Treaty, officially the Treaty of Amsterdam amending the Treaty of the European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts, was signed on 2 October 1997, and entered into force on 1 May 1999; it made substantial changes to the Maastricht Treaty,...
. - 1998 Brussels: Selected member states to adopt the euroEuroThe euro is the official currency of the eurozone: 17 of the 27 member states of the European Union. It is also the currency used by the Institutions of the European Union. The eurozone consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,...
.
- 1999 Cologne: Declaration on military forces.
- 1999 Tampere: Institutional reform
- 2000 Lisbon: Lisbon StrategyLisbon StrategyThe Lisbon Strategy, also known as the Lisbon Agenda or Lisbon Process, was an action and development plan devised in 2000, for the economy of the European Union between 2000 and 2010....
- 2002 Copenhagen: Agreement for May 2004 enlargementEnlargement of the European UnionThe Enlargement of the European Union is the process of expanding the European Union through the accession of new member states. This process began with the Inner Six, who founded the European Coal and Steel Community in 1952...
. - 2007 Lisbon: Agreement on the Lisbon Treaty.
Inter-Korean summitInter-Korean SummitInter-Korean Summits are meetings between the leaders of North Korea and South Korea. There have been two major meetings in the last decade, the first in 2000 and the second in 2007. The importance of these summits lies in the lack of formal communication between North and South Korea, which...
s
- 2000 1st Korean summit
- 2007 2nd Korean summit
Millennium Development GoalsMillennium Development GoalsThe Millennium Development Goals are eight international development goals that all 193 United Nations member states and at least 23 international organizations have agreed to achieve by the year 2015...
- 2000 Millennium SummitMillennium SummitThe Millennium Summit was a meeting among many world leaders lasting three days from 6 September to 8 September 2000 at the United Nations headquarters in New York City. Its purpose was to discuss the role of the United Nations at the turn of the 21st century. At this meeting, world leaders...
, New York City
- 2005 2005 World Summit2005 World SummitThe 2005 World Summit, 14–16 September 2005, was a follow-up summit meeting to the United Nations' 2000 Millennium Summit, which led to the Millennium Declaration of the Millennium Development Goals...
, New York City
South American Summits
- 2000 2000 South American Summit, Brazilia
- 2002 South American Summit, Guayaquil
- 2004 2004 South American Summit2004 South American SummitThe 2004 South American Summit – the third of its kind, after earlier events in Brasília and Guayaquil – was held in Cuzco and Ayacucho, Peru, on 7 –9 December 2004...
, Cuzco, Peru
Summits of the Americas
- 1994 -- 1st Summit of the Americas at MiamiMiami, FloridaMiami is a city located on the Atlantic coast in southeastern Florida and the county seat of Miami-Dade County, the most populous county in Florida and the eighth-most populous county in the United States with a population of 2,500,625...
in the United StatesUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. - 1996 -- Summit of the Americas on Sustainable Development at Santa Cruz de la Sierra in BoliviaBoliviaBolivia officially known as Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country in central South America. It is the poorest country in South America...
. - 1998 -- 2nd Summit of the Americas at Santiago in ChileChileChile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...
. - 2001 -- 3rd Summit of the Americas, in Quebec City, CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
.
- 2004 -- Monterrey Special Summit of the AmericasMonterrey Special Summit of the AmericasThe Special Summit of the Americas was held on January 12 and 13, 2004 in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.This summit is part of the Summit of the Americas initiative which is carried on by the Organization of American States with the purpose of bringing together the Heads of State and Government in...
at MonterreyMonterreyMonterrey , is the capital city of the northeastern state of Nuevo León in the country of Mexico. The city is anchor to the third-largest metropolitan area in Mexico and is ranked as the ninth-largest city in the nation. Monterrey serves as a commercial center in the north of the country and is the...
in MexicoMexicoThe United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
. - 2005 -- 4th Summit of the Americas at Mar del PlataMar del PlataMar del Plata is an Argentine city located on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean, south of Buenos Aires. Mar del Plata is the second largest city of Buenos Aires Province. The name "Mar del Plata" had apparently the sense of "sea of the Río de la Plata region" or "adjoining sea to the Río de la Plata"...
in ArgentinaArgentinaArgentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
. - 2009 -- 5th Summit of the Americas5th Summit of the AmericasThe Fifth Summit of the Americas was held at Port of Spain in Trinidad and Tobagofrom April 17 to 19, 2009.Organizers planned for the Fifth Summit to focus on a wide-ranging theme: "Securing Our Citizens' Future by Promoting Human Prosperity, Energy Security and Environmental...
at Port-of-Spain in Trinidad and TobagoTrinidad and TobagoTrinidad and Tobago officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago is an archipelagic state in the southern Caribbean, lying just off the coast of northeastern Venezuela and south of Grenada in the Lesser Antilles...
.
UN International conferences on Afghanistan
- 2001 - International Conference on Afghanistan in BonnBonnBonn is the 19th largest city in Germany. Located in the Cologne/Bonn Region, about 25 kilometres south of Cologne on the river Rhine in the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, it was the capital of West Germany from 1949 to 1990 and the official seat of government of united Germany from 1990 to 1999....
- 2004 - International Conference on Afghanistan in BerlinBerlinBerlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
- 2006 - International Conference on Afghanistan in LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
- 2007 - International Conference on the Rule of LawRule of lawThe rule of law, sometimes called supremacy of law, is a legal maxim that says that governmental decisions should be made by applying known principles or laws with minimal discretion in their application...
in AfghanistanAfghanistanAfghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
in RomeRomeRome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
- 2008 - International Conference on Afghanistan in ParisParisParis is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
- 2009 - International Conference on Afghanistan in MoscowMoscowMoscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
- 2009 - International Conference on AfghanistanInternational Conference on Afghanistan, The Hague (2009)On March 31, 2009 an International Conference on Afghanistan was held in the World Forum Convention Center in The Hague where members of the international community discussed the future of Afghanistan...
in The HagueThe HagueThe Hague is the capital city of the province of South Holland in the Netherlands. With a population of 500,000 inhabitants , it is the third largest city of the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam... - 2010 - International Conference on AfghanistanInternational Conference on Afghanistan (2010)On January 28, 2010, an International Conference on Afghanistan was held at Lancaster House in London, where members of the international community discussed the further progress on the Petersberg agreement from 2001 on the democratization of Afghanistan after the ousting of the Taliban regime...
in LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
Miscellaneous
- 1955 Geneva Summit
- 1967 Glassboro Summit ConferenceGlassboro Summit ConferenceThe Glassboro Summit Conference, usually just called the Glassboro Summit, was the 23–25 June 1967 meeting of the heads of government of the United States and the Soviet Union—President Lyndon B. Johnson and Premier Alexei Kosygin, respectively—for the purpose of discussing Soviet–US relations...
- 1985 Shamrock SummitShamrock SummitThe Shamrock Summit was the colloquial name given to the 1985 meeting between Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and US President Ronald Reagan in Quebec City. So-named because of the Irish background of the two leaders, and due to the meeting being held on St...
- 1986 Reykjavík SummitReykjavik SummitThe Reykjavík Summit was a summit meeting between U.S. president Ronald Reagan and Secretary-General of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev, held in the famous house of Höfði in Reykjavík, the capital city of Iceland, on October 11–12, 1986...
- 1989 Malta SummitMalta SummitThe Malta Summit consisted of a meeting between U.S. President George H. W. Bush and U.S.S.R. leader Mikhail Gorbachev, taking place between December 2-3 1989, just a few weeks after the fall of the Berlin Wall. It was their second meeting following a meeting that included then President Ronald...
- 1990 World Summit for ChildrenWorld Summit for ChildrenThe United Nations World Summit for Children was held in New York on 29-30 September 1990, bringing together the then-largest-ever gathering of heads of state and government to commit to a set of goals to improve the well-being of children worldwide by the year 2000. The summit was the brain-child...
- 2001 Agra summitAgra summitThe Agra summit was a two-day summit held on July 15th and 16th, 2001 between Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf and Indian Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee. It was organized with the aim to resolve long-standing issues between India and Pakistan....
- 2001 Taba summitTaba SummitThe Taba summit were talks between Israel and the Palestinian Authority, held from January 21 to January 27, 2001 at Taba in the Sinai peninsula...
- 2000 2000 Camp David Summit
- 2000 2000 al-Qaeda Summit2000 al-Qaeda SummitThe 2000 al-Qaeda Summit was a meeting of several high-level al-Qaeda members held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.The meeting was held in the hotel room of Yazid Sufaat, a former army captain and businessman, in a hotel in Kuala Lumpur. The meeting lasted from January 5 to January 8, 2000...
- 2005 Sharm el-Sheikh Summit of 2005Sharm el-Sheikh Summit of 2005The Sharm el-Sheikh Summit of 2005 took place on February 8, , when four Middle Eastern leaders gathered at Sharm el-Sheikh, a town at the southern tip of the Sinai Peninsula, in order to declare their wish to work towards the end of the four-year Al-Aqsa Intifada...
- 2005 Slovakia Summit 2005Slovakia Summit 2005The Slovakia Summit 2005 was a summit between George W. Bush, the president of the United States of America, and Vladimir Putin, the president of Russia, in Bratislava, Slovakia between 23 and 25 February 2005. This marked the first occasion when a sitting President of the United States visited...