Moscow Conference (1943) - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

The Third Moscow Conference between the major Allies

Allies of World War II

The Allies of World War II were the countries that opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War . Former Axis states contributing to the Allied victory are not considered Allied states...

of World War II

World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

took place from October 18 to November 11, 1943, at the Moscow Kremlin

Moscow Kremlin

The Moscow Kremlin , sometimes referred to as simply The Kremlin, is a historic fortified complex at the heart of Moscow, overlooking the Moskva River , Saint Basil's Cathedral and Red Square and the Alexander Garden...

and Spiridonovka Palace.

A series of 12 meetings of between the foreign ministers of the United Kingdom

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

, Anthony Eden

Anthony Eden

Robert Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon, KG, MC, PC was a British Conservative politician, who was Prime Minister from 1955 to 1957...

; the United States

United States

The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

, Cordell Hull

Cordell Hull

Cordell Hull was an American politician from the U.S. state of Tennessee. He is best known as the longest-serving Secretary of State, holding the position for 11 years in the administration of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt during much of World War II...

; Republic of China

Republic of China

The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...

, Foo Ping-sheung

Fu Bingchang

Fu Bingchang was born to a comfortably well off family in Foshan, Guangdong. At the age of ten he was sent to St...

; and the Soviet Union

Soviet Union

The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....

, Vyacheslav Molotov

Vyacheslav Molotov

Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov was a Soviet politician and diplomat, an Old Bolshevik and a leading figure in the Soviet government from the 1920s, when he rose to power as a protégé of Joseph Stalin, to 1957, when he was dismissed from the Presidium of the Central Committee by Nikita Khrushchev...

; resulted in the Moscow Declaration

Moscow Declaration

The Moscow Declaration was signed during the Moscow Conference on October 30, 1943. The formal name of the declaration was "Declaration of the Four Nations on General Security". It was signed by the foreign secretaries of the Governments of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union...

and the creation of the European Advisory Commission

European Advisory Commission

The formation of the European Advisory Commission was agreed on at the Moscow Conference on October 30, 1943 between the foreign ministers of the United Kingdom, Anthony Eden, the United States, Cordell Hull, and the Soviet Union, Molotov, and confirmed at the Tehran Conference in November...

http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE53&iPin=EUNN0276&SingleRecord=True. During the Moscow Conference of 1943, the Soviet Union

Soviet Union

The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....

finally came to agreement with the United States

United States

The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

and its allies to create a world organization, the European Advisory Commission

European Advisory Commission

http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE53&iPin=EUNN0276&SingleRecord=True.

Among those who also attended for the United States were Ambassador of the United States W. Averell Harriman

W. Averell Harriman

William Averell Harriman was an American Democratic Party politician, businessman, and diplomat. He was the son of railroad baron E. H. Harriman. He served as Secretary of Commerce under President Harry S. Truman and later as the 48th Governor of New York...

, Major General John R. Deane

John R. Deane

Major General John R. Deane, United States Army, served in the U.S. Embassy in Moscow during World War II and was an attendee at the 1943 Moscow Conference. Deane authored The Strange Alliance - The Story of Our Efforts at Wartime Cooperation with Russia ....

of the United States Army, Green H. Hackworth

Green Hackworth

Green Haywood Hackworth , a Kentucky native and graduate of the Valparaiso University School of Law, is perhaps best known as the first U.S. judge of the International Court of Justice....

, and James C. Dunn

James Clement Dunn

James Clement Dunn was an American diplomat and a career employee of the United States Department of State. He served as the Ambassador of the United States to Italy, France, Spain, and Brazil.-References:**...

; for the United Kingdom, His Majesty's Ambassador Sir Archibald Clerk Kerr

Archibald Clerk-Kerr, 1st Baron Inverchapel

Archibald Clark Kerr, 1st Baron Inverchapel GCMG, PC , known as Sir Archibald Clark Kerr between 1935 and 1946, was a British diplomat...

, William Strang

William Strang, 1st Baron Strang

William Strang, 1st Baron Strang, GCMG, KCB, MBE was a British diplomat who served as a leading adviser to the British Government from the 1930s to the 1950s and as Permanent Under-Secretary at the Foreign Office from 1949 to 1953....

, and Lt. General Sir Hastings Ismay

Hastings Ismay, 1st Baron Ismay

General Hastings Lionel "Pug" Ismay, 1st Baron Ismay, KG, GCB, CH, DSO, PC was a British Indian Army officer and diplomat, remembered primarily for his role as Winston Churchill's chief military assistant during the Second World War and his service as the first Secretary General of NATO from 1952...

; for the Soviet Union, the Marshal of the Soviet Union Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin was the Premier of the Soviet Union from 6 May 1941 to 5 March 1953. He was among the Bolshevik revolutionaries who brought about the October Revolution and had held the position of first General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee...

, K. E. Voroshilov, A. Y. Vyshinski, Deputy People's Commissars for Foreign Affairs M. M. Litvinov

Maxim Litvinov

Maxim Maximovich Litvinov was a Russian revolutionary and prominent Soviet diplomat.- Early life and first exile :...

, Deputy People's Commissar for Foreign Trade V. A. Sergeyev, Major-General A. A. Gryslov of the General Staff, and Senior Official of the People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs G. F. Saksin http://www.jstor.org/stable/2214037.

Objectives of the Conference

The Third Moscow Conference was one of the first times in which foreign ministers of the United States

United States

The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

, the United Kingdom

United Kingdom

, and the Soviet Union

Soviet Union

The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....

could meet and discuss important global matters. Here, they discussed what measures needed to be taken in order to shorten and end the war with Germany and the Axial powers, as well as how to effectively collaborate and cooperate peacefully through this period marking the end of the war. The Moscow Declaration

Moscow Declaration

, officially issued by the foreign ministers of United States President Franklin Roosevelt

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Franklin Delano Roosevelt , also known by his initials, FDR, was the 32nd President of the United States and a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century, leading the United States during a time of worldwide economic crisis and world war...

, Prime Minister Winston Churchill

Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, was a predominantly Conservative British politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest wartime leaders of the century and served as Prime Minister twice...

of the United Kingdom, and Premier Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin

of the Soviet Union, defined how these issues would be dealt with. It included four sections, Declaration of Four Nations on General Security, Declaration Regarding Italy, Declaration on Austria, and Declaration of German Atrocities.

Also during the Moscow Conference, agreements were made to establish a European Advisory Commission to make recommendations for the three joint governments and an Advisory Council regarding Italy - along with Greece and Yugoslavia - which ultimately decided in favor of restoring democracy in Italy. Restoration of independence in Austria was also declared during the Moscow Conference of 1943 http://www.jstor.org/stable/2214037.

Objectives of the Conference

See also