Moscow Conference (1944) - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

The Fourth Moscow Conference, also Tolstoy Conference for its code name

Code name

A code name or cryptonym is a word or name used clandestinely to refer to another name or word. Code names are often used for military purposes, or in espionage...

Tolstoy, between the major Allies

Allies of World War II

The Allies of World War II were the countries that opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War . Former Axis states contributing to the Allied victory are not considered Allied states...

of World War II

World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

took place from October 9 to October 19 1944.

The chief representatives for the Soviet Union

Soviet Union

The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....

at the conference were Joseph Stalin

Joseph Stalin

Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin was the Premier of the Soviet Union from 6 May 1941 to 5 March 1953. He was among the Bolshevik revolutionaries who brought about the October Revolution and had held the position of first General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee...

, the Soviet leader, and Vyacheslav Molotov

Vyacheslav Molotov

Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov was a Soviet politician and diplomat, an Old Bolshevik and a leading figure in the Soviet government from the 1920s, when he rose to power as a protégé of Joseph Stalin, to 1957, when he was dismissed from the Presidium of the Central Committee by Nikita Khrushchev...

the Soviet foreign minister. The United Kingdom

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

principal representatives were Winston Churchill

Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, was a predominantly Conservative British politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest wartime leaders of the century and served as Prime Minister twice...

, the British Prime Minister and the British Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden

Anthony Eden

Robert Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon, KG, MC, PC was a British Conservative politician, who was Prime Minister from 1955 to 1957...

.
The United Kingdom

United Kingdom

CIGS

CIGS may refer to:* Chief of the Imperial General Staff, a pre-1964 military position in the British Army* Copper indium gallium selenide , a semiconductor absorber material for solar cells...

, Field Marshal Sir Alan Brooke was also present as were the United States

United States

The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

ambassador to Moscow, Averell Harriman, and General John R. Deane

John R. Deane

Major General John R. Deane, United States Army, served in the U.S. Embassy in Moscow during World War II and was an attendee at the 1943 Moscow Conference. Deane authored The Strange Alliance - The Story of Our Efforts at Wartime Cooperation with Russia ....

, head of the United States Military Mission in Moscow as observers. Also at the conference were delegations from both the London based Polish government in Exile

Polish government in Exile

The Polish government-in-exile, formally known as the Government of the Republic of Poland in Exile , was the government in exile of Poland formed in the aftermath of the Invasion of Poland of September 1939, and the subsequent occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, which...

and Provisional Polish communist government

Polish Committee of National Liberation

The Polish Committee of National Liberation , also known as the Lublin Committee, was a provisional government of Poland, officially proclaimed 21 July 1944 in Chełm under the direction of State National Council in opposition to the Polish government in exile...

based in Lublin

Lublin

Lublin is the ninth largest city in Poland. It is the capital of Lublin Voivodeship with a population of 350,392 . Lublin is also the largest Polish city east of the Vistula river...

.

Issues discussed at the conference were the Soviet Union's entry in the war against Japan, post-war division of the Balkans in the form of the alleged Percentages agreement

Percentages agreement

The percentages agreement was an alleged agreement between Soviet premier Joseph Stalin and British prime minister Winston Churchill about how to divide southeastern Europe into spheres of influence during the Fourth Moscow Conference, in 1944 . This agreement was made public by Churchill...

, and the future of Poland. The British also agreed to return to the Soviet Union all former Soviet citizens without exception who had been liberated from the Germans.

See also