Pierre van Maldere
Encyclopedia
Pieter van Maldere (16 October 1729 – 1 November 1768) was a violin
Violin
The violin is a string instrument, usually with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest, highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which includes the viola and cello....

ist and composer
Composer
A composer is a person who creates music, either by musical notation or oral tradition, for interpretation and performance, or through direct manipulation of sonic material through electronic media...

 from the Southern Low Countries
Low Countries
The Low Countries are the historical lands around the low-lying delta of the Rhine, Scheldt, and Meuse rivers, including the modern countries of Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and parts of northern France and western Germany....

 (present-day Belgium
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...

).

Life

Van Maldere was born in Brussels
Brussels
Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...

 and educated as a violin
Violin
The violin is a string instrument, usually with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest, highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which includes the viola and cello....

ist and composer
Composer
A composer is a person who creates music, either by musical notation or oral tradition, for interpretation and performance, or through direct manipulation of sonic material through electronic media...

, probably by the directors of the Brussels court chapel, Jean-Joseph Fiocco
Jean-Joseph Fiocco
Jean-Joseph Fiocco was a Flemish composer of the high and late Baroque period.His father was the Venetian composer Pietro Antonio Fiocco , and his brothers included the violinist Joseph-Hector...

 and Henri-Jacques de Croes. From 1749 he was a violinist at the court of governor of the Low Countries
Low Countries
The Low Countries are the historical lands around the low-lying delta of the Rhine, Scheldt, and Meuse rivers, including the modern countries of Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and parts of northern France and western Germany....

, Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine
Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine
Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine was a Lorraine-born Austrian soldier.-Background:Charles was the son of Leopold Joseph, Duke of Lorraine and Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans...

. From 1751 to 1753, Van Maldere was director of the Philarmonick Concerts in Dublin, where William Manwaring published, in December 1752, the Six Trios for 2 Fiddles and thorough Bass composed by Sieur Van Maldere. Van Maldere played in the Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

 Concert Spirituel
Concert Spirituel
The Concert Spirituel was one of the first public concert series in existence. The concerts began in Paris in 1725 and ended in 1790; later, concerts or series of concerts of the same name occurred in Paris, Vienna, London and elsewhere...

in August 1754. He accompanied the prince on his many travels, to France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

 (Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

), Bohemia
Bohemia
Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague...

 (Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...

) and Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...

 (Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...

), where his two first comic opera
Opera
Opera is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text and musical score, usually in a theatrical setting. Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre, such as acting, scenery, and costumes and sometimes includes dance...

s were performed in Schönbrunn
Schönbrunn
Schönbrunn may refer to:*Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, Austria*Schönbrunn , a municipality in Rhein-Neckar , Baden-Württemberg, Germany*Schönbrunn , a village in the Fichtelgebirge mountains in Bavaria, Germany...

: Le Déguisement pastoral (1756) en Les Amours champêtres (1758). Van Maldere also played for the empress Maria Theresia in Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...

. His works were known to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , baptismal name Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart , was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical era. He composed over 600 works, many acknowledged as pinnacles of symphonic, concertante, chamber, piano, operatic, and choral music...

 and Joseph Haydn
Joseph Haydn
Franz Joseph Haydn , known as Joseph Haydn , was an Austrian composer, one of the most prolific and prominent composers of the Classical period. He is often called the "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet" because of his important contributions to these forms...

. Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf
Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf
----August Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf was an Austrian composer, violinist and silvologist.-1739-1764:...

 notes him as one of the most important virtuosos of his time.

Back in Brussels, Van Maldere composed a number of opera
Opera
Opera is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text and musical score, usually in a theatrical setting. Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre, such as acting, scenery, and costumes and sometimes includes dance...

s and over 40 symphonie
Symphony
A symphony is an extended musical composition in Western classical music, scored almost always for orchestra. A symphony usually contains at least one movement or episode composed according to the sonata principle...

s, ouvertures and sonata
Sonata
Sonata , in music, literally means a piece played as opposed to a cantata , a piece sung. The term, being vague, naturally evolved through the history of music, designating a variety of forms prior to the Classical era...

s. In 1758, he was promoted valet de chambre
Valet de chambre
Valet de chambre , or varlet de chambre, was a court appointment introduced in the late Middle Ages, common from the 14th century onwards. Royal Households had many persons appointed at any time...

to the prince. From 1763 to 1767, he was co-director of the Grand Théâtre (Muntschouwburg, Théâtre de la Monnaie), a period which ended in a financial fiasco. Ignaz Vitzthumb
Ignaz Vitzthumb
Ignaz or Ignace Vitzthumb was an Austrian musician, composer and conductor active in the Austrian Netherlands...

 (1724-1816) was the conductor of the Muntschouwburg in those years. Among Van Maldere's students at the court chapel are the violin
Violin
The violin is a string instrument, usually with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest, highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which includes the viola and cello....

ist Joseph Gehot (1756-na 1795) and the clarinettist Amand Vanderhagen (1753-1822). Van Maldere died in his home city of Brussels. After his decease, his brother succeeded him as first violinist of the court chapel.

Van Maldere's music was published in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...

, Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

 and Brussels
Brussels
Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...

 (as is clear from the thematic catalogue), and performed at many European courts.

As his Flemish name did not sound familiar to music scribes, many variants are found in the sources, including Vanmaltre, Van Maltere, Vanmonder, van Maldern, Wan Maldere, Wanmalder, Vam Maldere, Maldera, even Vand'Elmar (B-Bc 73150).

Works

While Van Maldere's chamber music
Chamber music
Chamber music is a form of classical music, written for a small group of instruments which traditionally could be accommodated in a palace chamber. Most broadly, it includes any art music that is performed by a small number of performers with one performer to a part...

 shows late-baroque characteristics and Corelli
Arcangelo Corelli
Arcangelo Corelli was an Italian violinist and composer of Baroque music.-Biography:Corelli was born at Fusignano, in the current-day province of Ravenna, although at the time it was in the province of Ferrara. Little is known about his early life...

's influence, his violin
Violin
The violin is a string instrument, usually with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest, highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which includes the viola and cello....

sonata
Sonata
Sonata , in music, literally means a piece played as opposed to a cantata , a piece sung. The term, being vague, naturally evolved through the history of music, designating a variety of forms prior to the Classical era...

s and symphonies testify to the formation of the early classical 'Viennese' symphony
Symphony
A symphony is an extended musical composition in Western classical music, scored almost always for orchestra. A symphony usually contains at least one movement or episode composed according to the sonata principle...

. Most of the symphonies are in three parts, and contain elements as thematic contrast or modulating development. The second movement sometimes is a binary Lied form, the final occasionally a rondo form. A number of works have the 'classical' four movements (RomM 51 in C, and 120 in F; the Sonata a 3, RomM 20 in D).

Van Maldere's works circulated throughout Europe in manuscript parts as well as in print. According to RISM
Rism
-References:rism- "ree-ss-mm" loldefenition- Rism is when a noob tries to post a thread on a forum trying to sell RIMS. But since the OP does not have enough post to sell on said forum, his thread will be locked but he will get flammed in the mean time...

 (Répertoire International de Sources Musicales)], manuscripts of his works are found in 21 libraries in 10 different countries (Belgium
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...

, Czech Republic
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....

, Denmark
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...

, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

, Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...

, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

, Slovakia
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...

, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....

, Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....

, and the USA).
Van Maldere's compositions were printed by publishers in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...

, Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

, Dublin and Brussels
Brussels
Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...

; even after his decease reprints were issued, such as the Six favourite overtures in 8 parts, opus 4 (Londen, ca. 1770).

Only one source of Van Maldere's vocal compositions has survived: his opéra-comique "Le déguisement pastoral" (1756) is still kept in the Österreichische Nationalbibliothek in Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...

.

A popular vocal composition to music by Van Maldere was 'Ach wiederholt mir Jesu Leiden', an arrangement of the Grave from his Symphony op.4 nr. 5, for two sopranos, strings and bass (one source has two flutes added).

A number of his works were attributed to other composers, such as Joseph Haydn
Joseph Haydn
Franz Joseph Haydn , known as Joseph Haydn , was an Austrian composer, one of the most prolific and prominent composers of the Classical period. He is often called the "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet" because of his important contributions to these forms...

 (RomM 80 in B♭), and Josef Mysliviček, whose symphony in C turned out to be Van Maldere's op.4 nr. 2.

Principal compositions

  • Many violin
    Violin
    The violin is a string instrument, usually with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest, highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which includes the viola and cello....

    - and trio
    Piano trio
    A piano trio is a group of piano and two other instruments, usually a violin and a cello, or a piece of music written for such a group. It is one of the most common forms found in classical chamber music...

    sonata
    Sonata
    Sonata , in music, literally means a piece played as opposed to a cantata , a piece sung. The term, being vague, naturally evolved through the history of music, designating a variety of forms prior to the Classical era...

    s; among these 3 trios for harpsichord
    Harpsichord
    A harpsichord is a musical instrument played by means of a keyboard. It produces sound by plucking a string when a key is pressed.In the narrow sense, "harpsichord" designates only the large wing-shaped instruments in which the strings are perpendicular to the keyboard...

    , violin and cello
    Cello
    The cello is a bowed string instrument with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is a member of the violin family of musical instruments, which also includes the violin, viola, and double bass. Old forms of the instrument in the Baroque era are baryton and viol .A person who plays a cello is...

     op. 7, published posthumously by Van Ypen & Pris in Brussels, between 1774 and 1778.

  • Overture
    Overture
    Overture in music is the term originally applied to the instrumental introduction to an opera...

    s

  • Some 45 symphonies, among which:
    • Sei sinfonie a più stromenti (dedicated to the duke d'Antin, ca. 1760)
    • Sei sinfonie a più stromenti (Paris
      Paris
      Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

      , 1762) (without basso continuo, influenced by the Mannheim
      Mannheim
      Mannheim is a city in southwestern Germany. With about 315,000 inhabitants, Mannheim is the second-largest city in the Bundesland of Baden-Württemberg, following the capital city of Stuttgart....

       school)
    • Sei sinfonie a più stromenti opus 4 (Paris
      Paris
      Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

       and Lyon
      Lyon
      Lyon , is a city in east-central France in the Rhône-Alpes region, situated between Paris and Marseille. Lyon is located at from Paris, from Marseille, from Geneva, from Turin, and from Barcelona. The residents of the city are called Lyonnais....

      , 1764)
    • Sei sinfonie a più stromenti opus 5 (Paris
      Paris
      Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

      , 1768)

  • Operas
    • 1756 : Le Déguisement pastoral (Vienna
      Vienna
      Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...

      , Schönbrunn
      Schönbrunn
      Schönbrunn may refer to:*Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, Austria*Schönbrunn , a municipality in Rhein-Neckar , Baden-Württemberg, Germany*Schönbrunn , a village in the Fichtelgebirge mountains in Bavaria, Germany...

      , 12 July) (Later performance: Brussels
      Brussels
      Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...

      , 12 December 1759)
    • 1758 : Les Amours champêtres (Vienna
      Vienna
      Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...

      , Schönbrunn
      Schönbrunn
      Schönbrunn may refer to:*Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, Austria*Schönbrunn , a municipality in Rhein-Neckar , Baden-Württemberg, Germany*Schönbrunn , a village in the Fichtelgebirge mountains in Bavaria, Germany...

      , 5 November)
    • 1763 : La Bagarre (Paris
      Paris
      Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

      , Théâtre italien, 10 February, 7 July, in collaboration with François-André-Danican Philidor?)
    • 1766 : Le Médecin de l'amour (Brussels
      Brussels
      Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...

      , date unknown; for an illustration, see the French Wikipédia) (libretto by Louis Anseaume
      Louis Anseaume
      Louis Anseaume was a French librettist.He contributed the words for operas by André Ernest Modeste Grétry , Pierre-Alexandre Monsigny, Egidio Romualdo Duni, Christoph Willibald Gluck, and François-André Danican Philidor...

       and Pierre-Augustin Lefèvre de Marcouville)
    • 1766 : Le Soldat par amour (Brussels
      Brussels
      Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...

      , 4 November, in collaboration with Ignaz Vitzthumb
      Ignaz Vitzthumb
      Ignaz or Ignace Vitzthumb was an Austrian musician, composer and conductor active in the Austrian Netherlands...

      )

List of instrumental works

VR 1 - Trio Sonata in D major

VR 2 - Trio Sonata in G major

VR 3 - Trio Sonata in A major

VR 4 - Trio Sonata in C major

VR 5 - Trio Sonata in E flat major

VR 6 - Trio Sonata in D minor

VR 7 - Trio Sonata in G major

VR 8 - Trio Sonata in F major

VR 9 - Trio Sonata in B flat major

VR 10 - Trio Sonata in C major

VR 11 - Trio Sonata in G major

VR 12 - Trio Sonata in D major, Op. 1 No.1

VR 13 - Trio Sonata in A major, Op. 1 No.2

VR 14 - Trio Sonata in C minor

VR 15 - Trio Sonata in E flat major

VR 16 - Trio Sonata in E minor

VR 17 - Trio Sonata in B minor

VR 18 - Trio Sonata in F minor

VR 19 - Trio Sonata in F major

VR 20 - Trio Sonata in C major

VR 21 - Trio Sonata in F major

VR 22 - Trio Sonata in D minor

VR 23 - Trio Sonata in A major

VR 24 - Trio Sonata in B flat major, Op. 1 No.3

VR 25 - Trio Sonata in G minor, Op. 1 No.4

VR 26 - Trio Sonata in D major, Op. 1 No.5

VR 27 - Trio Sonata in C major, Op. 1 No.6

VR 28 - Symphony in G major

VR 29 - Symphony in F major

VR 30 - Symphony in D major

VR 31 - Symphony in C major

VR 32 - Symphony in E flat major

VR 33 - Symphony in F major

VR 34 - Symphony in B flat major

VR 35 - Symphony in A major

VR 36 - Symphony in F major

VR 37 - Symphony in C major

VR 38 - Symphony in D major

VR 39 - Symphony in C major* (lost)

VR 40 - Symphony in E major

VR 41 - Symphony in A major

VR 42 - Symphony in G minor

VR 43 - Symphony in D major

VR 44 - Symphony in B flat major

VR 45 - Symphony in A major

VR 46 - Violin Sonata in B flat major

VR 47 - Violin Sonata in C major

VR 48 - Violin Sonata in D major

VR 49 - Violin Sonata in A major

VR 50 - Violin Sonata in F major

VR 51 - Violin Sonata in A major

VR 52 - Violin Sonata in F major

VR 53 - Symphony in G minor, Op. 4 No.1

VR 54 - Symphony in C major, Op. 4 No.2

VR 55 - Symphony in B flat major, Op. 4 No.3

VR 56 - Symphony in G major, Op. 4 No.4

VR 57 - Symphony in E flat major, Op. 4 No.5

VR 58 - Symphony in D major, Op. 4 No.6

VR 59 - Symphony in E flat major

VR 60 - Symphony in G major

VR 61 - Symphony in C major

VR 62 - Symphony in D major

VR 63 - Symphony in F major

VR 64 - Symphony in C major

VR 65 - Symphony in E flat major

VR 66 - Symphony in D major

VR 67 - Violin Sonata in G major, Op. 5 No.1

VR 68 - Violin Sonata in C major, Op. 5 No.2

VR 69 - Violin Sonata in E major, Op. 5 No.3

VR 70 - Violin Sonata in D major, Op. 5 No.4

VR 71 - Violin Sonata in D major, Op. 5 No.5

VR 72 - Violin Sonata in G major, Op. 5 No.6

VR 73 - Symphony in D major, Op. 5 No.1

VR 74 - Symphony in F major, Op. 5 No.2

VR 75 - Symphony in E flat major, Op. 5 No.3

VR 76 - Symphony in B flat major, Op. 5 No.4

VR 77 - Symphony in G major, Op. 5 No.5

VR 78 - Symphony in D major, Op. 5 No.6

VR 79 - Symphony in D minor

VR 80 - Symphony in E flat major

VR 81 - Symphony in B flat major

VR 82 - Symphony in F major

VR 83 - Symphony in D major

VR 84 - Keyboard Trio No.1 in C major, Op. 7 No.1

VR 85 - Keyboard Trio No.2 in G major, Op. 7 No.2

VR 86 - Keyboard Trio No.3 in D major, Op. 7 No.3

VR 87 - Violin Sonata in B flat major

VR 88 - Violin Sonata in A major

Editions

  • Van Maldere, Pierre, VI Sonatas for Two Violins with a Bass for the Harpsichord, for Violoncello, (Facsimile Series for Musicians and Scholars, 30), Peer: Musica-Alamire, 1989.
  • Craig LISTER, ed., Pierre van Maldere: Six Symphonies a più strumenti, opus 4, (Recent Researches in the Music of the Classical Era, 35–36), Madison, WI: A-R Editions, 1990.

Discography

  • Pieter Van Maldere. Symphoniae, Collegium instrumentale Brugense o.l.v. Patrick Peire, Eufoda 1206.
  • Pieter van Maldere – Sinfonie, The Academy of Ancient Music o.l.v. Filip Bral, MMP 012 [Klara-CD].

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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