Naked DSL
Encyclopedia
A naked DSL is a digital subscriber line
(DSL) without a PSTN (analogue
telephony
) service — or the associated dial tone
. In other words, only a standalone DSL Internet service is provided on the local loop
.
(POTS) splitter. This splitter separates the DSL and voice bands. Thus the customer will have a dial tone, which allows them to use the telephone line as a regular land line while they are using it to access the Internet on their computer. A cable carrying both services runs from the splitter to the cable head, where it continues on to the customer on outside plant
. (See DSLAM
.)
In naked DSL, there is no cable from the telephone switch to the POTS splitter. Thus there is no dial tone on the line. However, the customer could still use the line for regular telephone service through Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) or a Competitive Local Exchange Carrier
(CLEC) instead of the Incumbent Local Exchange Carrier
(ILEC).
Naked ADSL2 and ADSL2+ provisioned with "all digital mode" Annex I or Annex J
can achieve additional 256 kbit/s of upstream data rate.
, Australia
, Belgium
, Bulgaria
, Canada
, Denmark
, Estonia
, France
, Germany
, Italy
, the Netherlands
, New Zealand
, Norway
, Sweden
, Switzerland
, Turkey
and the United States
.
was the first ISP in Australia to officially launch a naked DSL product live on 14 November 2007, followed by iiNet
a day later. Exetel
released naked ADSL2 Services on 1 December 2007. Optus, Australia's second largest telecommunications provider, announced on 2/3/09 that it will also be providing naked DSL services. Other providers include offer Naked DSL are listed at Updated List of Naked DSL ISPs that service Australia.
Many of the smaller players use Optus to deliver their Naked DSL services.
and British Columbia
, and SaskTel in Saskatchewan
. Bell Canada charges an additional fee for dryloop based on the Band Rate of the area (ranging from Band A=$7.25 to Band G=$25.10) to consumers and smaller ISP's who rent Bell's phone line.
The first ISP to offer Naked DSL was Free with their Freebox
.
is provided by All Talk, Kiwilink, Orcon, Slingshot, Snap, WorldNet, Maxnet, WorldxChange and now Vodafone
. Although Orcon currently only offer the service in Auckland
and Wellington
.
Other ISPs may offer Naked DSL. It is possible to get the POTS and DSL from different service providers. Telecom New Zealand is the backbone provider for most DSL and POTS services and the majority of ISPs use Telecom's copper local loop to access customers. Telecom failed at launching its own Naked DSL service planned for 2008.
, Globe Telecom, EASTERN Communications, and Smart Telecommunications offers that service.
offers that service, called Naked, since September 2008 through SAPO (company).
Simplesnet offers that service, called NDSL Simplesnet.
In May 2008, Zon TvCabo announced to its investors that it will offer Portugal's first Naked DSL service.
from green.ch, origon ag (oDSL) and SETUP Informatik for ADSL and VDSL.
, is not available in the United Kingdom
, but it is possible to get a POTS and DSL from different service providers.. The incumbent network, BT, has claimed there is not sufficient demand from ISPs to provide a Naked DSL service. Virgin Media provides broadband services without the requirement for a telephone line in cabled areas only, but this is not naked DSL as the service is provided via a coaxial cable from the street, rather that over a telephone line, active or otherwise.
(FCC) ruled 3-2 against utilities commissions in Florida
, Georgia
, Kentucky
, and Louisiana
, which wanted to force BellSouth
to unbundle their DSL service from their local phone service. However, in that proceeding, as a compromise between the FCC Commissioners, the FCC released a Notice of Inquiry requesting comment on the "competitive consequences when providers bundle their legacy services with new services, or "tie" such services together"; that proceeding remains open before the FCC. Later that year, during merger proceedings, the FCC required Verizon and AT&T
to offer naked-DSL for a period of two years as conditions to mergers; those conditions have since expired.
AT&T
now provides naked DSL throughout most of the country, and Qwest Communications
provides it voluntarily. Verizon Communications
also provides it in some areas, although at a higher price than it charges customers who bundle it with regular phone service. Speakeasy (ISP)
also provides this service.
For Missouri, Socket Telecom Holds a high rate of customers in the NDSL Range.
Digital Subscriber Line
Digital subscriber line is a family of technologies that provides digital data transmission over the wires of a local telephone network. DSL originally stood for digital subscriber loop. In telecommunications marketing, the term DSL is widely understood to mean Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line ,...
(DSL) without a PSTN (analogue
Analog signal
An analog or analogue signal is any continuous signal for which the time varying feature of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity, i.e., analogous to another time varying signal. It differs from a digital signal in terms of small fluctuations in the signal which are...
telephony
Telephony
In telecommunications, telephony encompasses the general use of equipment to provide communication over distances, specifically by connecting telephones to each other....
) service — or the associated dial tone
Dial tone
A dial tone is a telephony signal used to indicate that the telephone exchange is working, has recognized an off-hook, and is ready to accept a call. The tone stops when the first numeral is dialed...
. In other words, only a standalone DSL Internet service is provided on the local loop
Local loop
In telephony, the local loop is the physical link or circuit that connects from the demarcation point of the customer premises to the edge of the carrier or telecommunications service provider's network...
.
Comparison of regular and naked DSL
In regular DSL, a cable runs from the telephone switch to a piece of equipment called a Plain Old Telephone ServicePlain old telephone service
Plain old telephone service is the voice-grade telephone service that remains the basic form of residential and small business service connection to the telephone network in many parts of the world....
(POTS) splitter. This splitter separates the DSL and voice bands. Thus the customer will have a dial tone, which allows them to use the telephone line as a regular land line while they are using it to access the Internet on their computer. A cable carrying both services runs from the splitter to the cable head, where it continues on to the customer on outside plant
Outside plant
In telecommunication, the term outside plant has the following meanings:*In civilian telecommunications, outside plant refers to all of the physical cabling and supporting infrastructure , and any associated hardware located between a demarcation point in a switching facility and a demarcation...
. (See DSLAM
Digital subscriber line access multiplexer
A digital subscriber line access multiplexer is a network device, located in the telephone exchanges of the telecommunications operators. It connects multiple customer digital subscriber line interfaces to a high-speed digital communications channel using multiplexing techniques...
.)
In naked DSL, there is no cable from the telephone switch to the POTS splitter. Thus there is no dial tone on the line. However, the customer could still use the line for regular telephone service through Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) or a Competitive Local Exchange Carrier
Competitive local exchange carrier
A competitive local exchange carrier , in the United States, is a telecommunications provider company competing with other, already established carriers ....
(CLEC) instead of the Incumbent Local Exchange Carrier
Incumbent local exchange carrier
An ILEC, short for incumbent local exchange carrier, is a local telephone company in the United States that was in existence at the time of the breakup of AT&T into the Regional Bell Operating Companies , also known as the "Baby Bells." The ILEC is the former Bell System or Independent Telephone...
(ILEC).
Naked ADSL2 and ADSL2+ provisioned with "all digital mode" Annex I or Annex J
ITU G.992.3 Annex J
Annex J is a specification in ITU-T recommendations G.992.3 and G.992.5 for all digital mode ADSL with improved spectral compatibility with ADSL over ISDN, which means that it is a type of naked DSL which will not disturb existing Annex B ADSL services in the same cable binder.This specification...
can achieve additional 256 kbit/s of upstream data rate.
Availability
Naked DSL is available in several countries, if not nationwide then via at least one company: AustriaAustria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, Belgium
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
, Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
, Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, Denmark
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
, Estonia
Estonia
Estonia , officially the Republic of Estonia , is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia , and to the east by Lake Peipsi and the Russian Federation . Across the Baltic Sea lies...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
, Norway
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
, Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
, Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
, Turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
and the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
.
Australia
AmnetAmcom Telecommunications
Amcom Telecommunications Limited is a Perth, Western Australian based telecommunications company. A subsidiary Amnet offers residential broadband internet services.-History:...
was the first ISP in Australia to officially launch a naked DSL product live on 14 November 2007, followed by iiNet
IiNet
iiNet Limited is Australia's second largest internet service provider with over 1.3 million customers as of 15th August 2011. Their focus is primarily on ADSL-based Internet access, using their own ADSL2+ infrastructure, and reselling Telstra ADSL1. iiNet also provides dial-up and voice...
a day later. Exetel
Exetel
Exetel is an Australian ISP which provides ADSL, web hosting, VoIP, and other internet services to customers across Australia. Exetel's headquarters are based in offices in North Sydney and its switching centre is in a secure Data Centre facility in the Sydney CBD...
released naked ADSL2 Services on 1 December 2007. Optus, Australia's second largest telecommunications provider, announced on 2/3/09 that it will also be providing naked DSL services. Other providers include offer Naked DSL are listed at Updated List of Naked DSL ISPs that service Australia.
Many of the smaller players use Optus to deliver their Naked DSL services.
Canada
Since the CRTC ruling of 21 July 2003, it should be theoretically possible to have Naked DSL and some companies do provide this service. There is not yet widespread adoption, due largely to a lack of consumer awareness, but some listings such as Canadian ISP exist to help consumers find a service available to them. Naked ADSL is currently provided by Primus, Distributel Communications, Acanac Inc., TekSavvy Solutions and ElectronicBox , VIF Internet in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec, Internet Lightspeed's NAKED ADSL and Telus Communications in the provinces of AlbertaAlberta
Alberta is a province of Canada. It had an estimated population of 3.7 million in 2010 making it the most populous of Canada's three prairie provinces...
and British Columbia
British Columbia
British Columbia is the westernmost of Canada's provinces and is known for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu . Its name was chosen by Queen Victoria in 1858...
, and SaskTel in Saskatchewan
Saskatchewan
Saskatchewan is a prairie province in Canada, which has an area of . Saskatchewan is bordered on the west by Alberta, on the north by the Northwest Territories, on the east by Manitoba, and on the south by the U.S. states of Montana and North Dakota....
. Bell Canada charges an additional fee for dryloop based on the Band Rate of the area (ranging from Band A=$7.25 to Band G=$25.10) to consumers and smaller ISP's who rent Bell's phone line.
Denmark
Naked DSL is available from the majority of ISPs, as most ISPs have now converted to VoIP solutions. Having 2 different providers for both POTS and DSL is possible.France
Several ISPs now offer Naked Unbundled DSL services, which are also called offres dégroupées. ISPs generally supply their own DSL modem with an FXS (Foreign exchange station) port for a standard phone handset and a set top box to provide television services.The first ISP to offer Naked DSL was Free with their Freebox
Freebox
The Freebox is an ADSL modem that the French internet service provider named Free provides to its ADSL subscribers.Its main use is as a high-end wireless modem , but it also allows Free to offer added services using ADSL as support, like HD television , video recording with timeshifting...
.
New Zealand
Naked DSL service in New ZealandNew Zealand
New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
is provided by All Talk, Kiwilink, Orcon, Slingshot, Snap, WorldNet, Maxnet, WorldxChange and now Vodafone
Vodafone
Vodafone Group Plc is a global telecommunications company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It is the world's largest mobile telecommunications company measured by revenues and the world's second-largest measured by subscribers , with around 341 million proportionate subscribers as of...
. Although Orcon currently only offer the service in Auckland
Auckland
The Auckland metropolitan area , in the North Island of New Zealand, is the largest and most populous urban area in the country with residents, percent of the country's population. Auckland also has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world...
and Wellington
Wellington
Wellington is the capital city and third most populous urban area of New Zealand, although it is likely to have surpassed Christchurch due to the exodus following the Canterbury Earthquake. It is at the southwestern tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Rimutaka Range...
.
Other ISPs may offer Naked DSL. It is possible to get the POTS and DSL from different service providers. Telecom New Zealand is the backbone provider for most DSL and POTS services and the majority of ISPs use Telecom's copper local loop to access customers. Telecom failed at launching its own Naked DSL service planned for 2008.
Philippines
Bayan TelecommunicationsBayan Telecommunications
Bayan Telecommunications, Inc. is a telecommunications company serving areas in Metro Manila, Bicol and local exchange service areas in the Visayas and Mindanao regions combined cover a population of over 25 million, nearly 33% of the population of the Philippines.Its operating units in the...
, Globe Telecom, EASTERN Communications, and Smart Telecommunications offers that service.
Portugal
Portugal TelecomPortugal Telecom
Portugal Telecom is the largest telecommunications service provider in Portugal. Although it operates mainly in Portugal and Brazil, it has also a significant presence in Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde, Mozambique, Timor-Leste, Angola, Kenya, the People's Republic of China, and São Tomé and...
offers that service, called Naked, since September 2008 through SAPO (company).
Simplesnet offers that service, called NDSL Simplesnet.
In May 2008, Zon TvCabo announced to its investors that it will offer Portugal's first Naked DSL service.
Switzerland
Naked DSL service is available in SwitzerlandSwitzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
from green.ch, origon ag (oDSL) and SETUP Informatik for ADSL and VDSL.
United Kingdom
Naked DSL service, excluding SDSLSymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
Symmetric digital subscriber line can have two meanings:* In the wider sense it is a collection of Internet access technologies based on DSL that offer symmetric bandwidth upstream and downstream...
, is not available in the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, but it is possible to get a POTS and DSL from different service providers.. The incumbent network, BT, has claimed there is not sufficient demand from ISPs to provide a Naked DSL service. Virgin Media provides broadband services without the requirement for a telephone line in cabled areas only, but this is not naked DSL as the service is provided via a coaxial cable from the street, rather that over a telephone line, active or otherwise.
United States
On March 25, 2005, the Federal Communications CommissionFederal Communications Commission
The Federal Communications Commission is an independent agency of the United States government, created, Congressional statute , and with the majority of its commissioners appointed by the current President. The FCC works towards six goals in the areas of broadband, competition, the spectrum, the...
(FCC) ruled 3-2 against utilities commissions in Florida
Florida
Florida is a state in the southeastern United States, located on the nation's Atlantic and Gulf coasts. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. With a population of 18,801,310 as measured by the 2010 census, it...
, Georgia
Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia is a state located in the southeastern United States. It was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. The state is named after King George II of Great Britain. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788...
, Kentucky
Kentucky
The Commonwealth of Kentucky is a state located in the East Central United States of America. As classified by the United States Census Bureau, Kentucky is a Southern state, more specifically in the East South Central region. Kentucky is one of four U.S. states constituted as a commonwealth...
, and Louisiana
Louisiana
Louisiana is a state located in the southern region of the United States of America. Its capital is Baton Rouge and largest city is New Orleans. Louisiana is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes, which are local governments equivalent to counties...
, which wanted to force BellSouth
BellSouth
BellSouth Corporation is an American telecommunications holding company based in Atlanta, Georgia. BellSouth was one of the seven original Regional Bell Operating Companies after the U.S...
to unbundle their DSL service from their local phone service. However, in that proceeding, as a compromise between the FCC Commissioners, the FCC released a Notice of Inquiry requesting comment on the "competitive consequences when providers bundle their legacy services with new services, or "tie" such services together"; that proceeding remains open before the FCC. Later that year, during merger proceedings, the FCC required Verizon and AT&T
AT&T
AT&T Inc. is an American multinational telecommunications corporation headquartered in Whitacre Tower, Dallas, Texas, United States. It is the largest provider of mobile telephony and fixed telephony in the United States, and is also a provider of broadband and subscription television services...
to offer naked-DSL for a period of two years as conditions to mergers; those conditions have since expired.
AT&T
AT&T
AT&T Inc. is an American multinational telecommunications corporation headquartered in Whitacre Tower, Dallas, Texas, United States. It is the largest provider of mobile telephony and fixed telephony in the United States, and is also a provider of broadband and subscription television services...
now provides naked DSL throughout most of the country, and Qwest Communications
Qwest
Qwest Communications International, Inc. was a large United States telecommunications carrier. Qwest provided local service in 14 western U.S. states: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Iowa, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.On April...
provides it voluntarily. Verizon Communications
Verizon Communications
Verizon Communications Inc. is a global broadband and telecommunications company and a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average...
also provides it in some areas, although at a higher price than it charges customers who bundle it with regular phone service. Speakeasy (ISP)
Speakeasy (ISP)
Speakeasy, Inc. is a broadband internet service provider and Voice over IP carrier based in Seattle, Washington, United States. They are known for their liberal usage policies for home users whereby subscribers are explicitly permitted to run any number of serversand are permitted to resell their...
also provides this service.
For Missouri, Socket Telecom Holds a high rate of customers in the NDSL Range.