List of Secondary Areas
Encyclopedia
The following is a list of areas classified by Birdlife International
BirdLife International
BirdLife International is a global Partnership of conservation organisations that strives to conserve birds, their habitats and global biodiversity, working with people towards sustainability in the use of natural resources...

 as Secondary Areas, namely areas which contain at least one restricted-range endemic bird species, but do not qualify for the full Endemic Bird Area status.

Secondary areas in North and Central America

Birdlife Code Name Location Restricted-range endemics and other notable species
s001 Eastern Bering Sea Islands The islands of St Matthew, Hall Island
Hall Island (Alaska)
Hall Island is a small island located to the northwest of St. Matthew Island in the Bering Sea in Alaska, USA. It serves as a haulout site for Pacific walrus. It is in length and has a land area of . The highest point is . Hall Island is uninhabited. It is part of the Bering Sea unit of the...

, St Lawrence, St Paul
Saint Paul Island, Alaska
Saint Paul Island is the largest of the Pribilof Islands, a group of five Alaskan volcanic islands located in the Bering Sea between the United States and Russia. The city of St. Paul is the only residential area on the island. The two nearest islands to Saint Paul Island are Otter Island to the...

 and St George
St. George Island (Alaska)
St. George Island is one of the Pribilof Islands of the state of Alaska, USA, in the Bering Sea off the western coast of the state. The island has a land area of 90 km² and a population of about 100 people, all living in its only community, the city of St...

, in the Bering Sea
Bering Sea
The Bering Sea is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean. It comprises a deep water basin, which then rises through a narrow slope into the shallower water above the continental shelves....

, Alaska
Alaska
Alaska is the largest state in the United States by area. It is situated in the northwest extremity of the North American continent, with Canada to the east, the Arctic Ocean to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the west and south, with Russia further west across the Bering Strait...

Breeding grounds of McKay's Bunting
McKay's Bunting
McKay's Bunting is a passerine bird in the longspur family Calcariidae. It is most closely related to the Snow Bunting . Hybrids between the two species have been observed, leading some authorities to treat McKay's as a subspecies of Snow Bunting...

s002 Seward Peninsula
Seward Peninsula
The Seward Peninsula is a large peninsula on the western coast of the U.S. state of Alaska. It projects about into the Bering Sea between Norton Sound, the Bering Strait, the Chukchi Sea, and Kotzebue Sound, just below the Arctic Circle...

 and Yukon Delta
Alaska Breeding grounds of Bristle-thighed Curlew
Bristle-thighed Curlew
The Bristle-thighed Curlew, Numenius tahitiensis, is a large shorebird that breeds in Alaska and winters on tropical Pacific islands. It has a long, decurved bill and bristled feathers at the base of the legs. Its length is about 43 cm and wingspan about 84 cm...

s003 Michigan Jack pine savanna Michigan
Michigan
Michigan is a U.S. state located in the Great Lakes Region of the United States of America. The name Michigan is the French form of the Ojibwa word mishigamaa, meaning "large water" or "large lake"....

Breeding grounds of Kirtland's Warbler
Kirtland's Warbler
Kirtland's Warbler is a small songbird of the New World warbler family , named after Jared P. Kirtland, an Ohio doctor and amateur naturalist. Nearly extinct just 50 years ago, it is well on its way to recovery. It requires large areas of dense young jack pine for its breeding habitat...

s004 Edwards Plateau
Edwards Plateau
The Edwards Plateau is a region of west-central Texas which is bounded by the Balcones Fault to the south and east, the Llano Uplift and the Llano Estacado to the north, and the Pecos River and Chihuahuan Desert to the west. San Angelo, Austin, San Antonio and Del Rio roughly outline the area...

Central Texas
Texas
Texas is the second largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state by area in the contiguous United States.The name, based on the Caddo word "Tejas" meaning "friends" or "allies", was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in...

Breeding grounds of Golden-cheeked Warbler
Golden-cheeked Warbler
The Golden-cheeked Warbler Dendroica chrysoparia is an endangered species of bird that breeds in Central Texas, from Palo Pinto County southwestward along the eastern and southern edge of the Edwards Plateau to Kinney County...

 (and also an important area for the non-restricted-range Black-capped Vireo
Black-capped Vireo
The Black-capped Vireo, Vireo atricapilla, is a small bird native to the United States and Mexico. It has been listed as an endangered species in the United States since 1987. The IUCN lists the species as vulnerable....

)
s005 South Veracruz coastal scrub Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...

isolated population of Mexican Sheartail
Mexican Sheartail
The Mexican Sheartail is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found only in Mexico.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, mangroves, rural gardens and urban areas.It is threatened by habitat loss...

s006 South Mexican karst forests The area between Córdoba
Córdoba, Veracruz
Córdoba, officially known as Heroica Córdoba, is a city and the seat of the municipality of the same name in the Mexican state of Veracruz. It was founded in 1618....

, Veracruz
Veracruz
Veracruz, formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave , is one of the 31 states that, along with the Federal District, comprise the 32 federative entities of Mexico. It is divided in 212 municipalities and its capital city is...

 and Cerro Oro, Oaxaca
Oaxaca
Oaxaca , , officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Oaxaca is one of the 31 states which, along with the Federal District, comprise the 32 federative entities of Mexico. It is divided into 571 municipalities; of which 418 are governed by the system of customs and traditions...

, Mexico
The world range of Sumichrast's Wren
Sumichrast's Wren
The Sumichrast's Wren , or the Slender-billed Wren is a species of bird in the Troglodytidae family.It is endemic to Mexico.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and plantations ....

s007 Eastern Yucatán The east Caribbean coast of the Yucatán Peninsula
Yucatán Peninsula
The Yucatán Peninsula, in southeastern Mexico, separates the Caribbean Sea from the Gulf of Mexico, with the northern coastline on the Yucatán Channel...

 in Mexico and Belize
Belize
Belize is a constitutional monarchy and the northernmost country in Central America. Belize has a diverse society, comprising many cultures and languages. Even though Kriol and Spanish are spoken among the population, Belize is the only country in Central America where English is the official...

, and offshore islands belonging to Mexico, Belize and Honduras
Honduras
Honduras is a republic in Central America. It was previously known as Spanish Honduras to differentiate it from British Honduras, which became the modern-day state of Belize...

All areas inhabited by Yucatán Vireo
Yucatan Vireo
The Yucatan Vireo is a species of bird in the Vireonidae family.It is found in Belize, Honduras and Mexico. There is a well-documented record from High Island, Texas, in 1984, but this is the only record for the United States....

 which are not part of the Cayman Islands Secondary area and are not included within the region's EBAs
s008 Clarión Clarión Island
Clarion Island
Isla Clarión, formerly called Santa Rosa, is the second largest, westernmost and most remote of the Revillagigedo Islands, west of Socorro Island and over from the Mexican mainland and an area ². It has three prominent peaks. The westernmost and tallest peak, Monte Gallegos, is high...

The world range of Clarión Wren
Clarión Wren
The Clarión Wren is a species of bird in the Troglodytidae family.It is endemic to Clarión Island off Pacific Mexico....

, plus the only breeding site of the non-restricted-range Townsend's Shearwater
Townsend's Shearwater
Townsend's Shearwater, Puffinus auricularis, is a rare seabird of the tropics from the family Procellariidae.Its relationships are unresolved. Its closest relatives are probably, but not certainly, the Hawaiian Shearwater and possibly the Manx Shearwater...

s009 Swan Islands
Swan Islands, Honduras
The Swan Islands, or Islas Santanilla, are a chain of three islands located in the northwestern Caribbean Sea, approximately ninety miles off the coastline of Honduras, with a land area of .-Detailed location and features:...

between Honduras
Honduras
Honduras is a republic in Central America. It was previously known as Spanish Honduras to differentiate it from British Honduras, which became the modern-day state of Belize...

 and Grand Cayman
Grand Cayman
Grand Cayman is the largest of the three Cayman Islands and the location of the nation's capital, George Town. In relation to the other two Cayman Islands, it is approximately 75 miles southwest of Little Cayman and 90 miles southwest of Cayman Brac.-Geography:Grand Cayman encompasses 76% of...

Inhabited by Vitelline Warbler
Vitelline Warbler
The Vitelline Warbler is a songbird species in the New World warbler family .It is found in the Cayman Islands and on the Swan Islands in Honduras. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, and urban areas...

, elsewhere found only in the Cayman Islands
s010 North Honduran thorn forests Inland valleys on the Honduran Atlantic slope The world range of Honduran Emerald
Honduran Emerald
The Honduran Emerald, Amazilia luciae, is a species of hummingbird in the Trochilidae family.It is found only in Honduras.Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland....

s011 Lake Nicaragua
Lake Nicaragua
Lake Nicaragua or Cocibolca or Granada or is a vast freshwater lake in Nicaragua of tectonic origin. With an area of , it is the largest lake in Central America, the 19th largest lake in the world and the 9th largest in the Americas. It is slightly smaller than Lake Titicaca. With an elevation...

 marshes
Marshes on the shorelines of Lake Nicaragua and Lake Managua
Lake Managua
Lake Managua is a lake in Nicaragua. The Spanish name is Lago de Managua or Lago Xolotlán. At 1,042 km², it is approximately long and wide. Similarly to the name of Lake Nicaragua, its name was coined by the Spanish conquerors from "Mangue" and agua...

The world range of Nicaraguan Grackle
Nicaraguan Grackle
The Nicaraguan Grackle is a species of passerine bird belonging to the genus Quiscalus, a genus of grackles in the New World blackbird family, Icteridae. It is found only in Nicaragua and northernmost Costa Rica....

s012 Providence Island
Providence Island
Providence Island may refer to:*Providencia Island, part of the Archipelago of San Andres, Providencia and Santa Catalina in Colombia, which was settled by the Providence Island Company*Providence Island is an island*Providence Atoll in Seychelles...

In the Caribbean, east of Nicaragua
Nicaragua
Nicaragua is the largest country in the Central American American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. The country is situated between 11 and 14 degrees north of the Equator in the Northern Hemisphere, which places it entirely within the tropics. The Pacific Ocean...

The only area inhabited by Thick-billed Vireo
Thick-billed Vireo
The Thick-billed Vireo, Vireo crassirostris, is a small songbird. It breeds in the West Indies in the Bahamas, Turks and Caicos Islands, Cayman Islands, Tortuga Island in Haiti and on cays off the coast of Cuba. It occasionally can be found as a vagrant to south Florida in the United States. The...

 which is not included within Caribbean EBAs
s013 San Andrés Island In the Caribbean, east of Nicaragua The world range of St Andrés Vireo; also present, Jamaican Oriole
Jamaican Oriole
The Jamaican Oriole is a species of bird in the Icteridae family. It is found in Jamaica and on the Colombian island of San Andrés...

, which is otherwise only found in one EBA (Jamaica), and one other secondary area (s014)
s014 Cayman Islands
Cayman Islands
The Cayman Islands is a British Overseas Territory and overseas territory of the European Union located in the western Caribbean Sea. The territory comprises the three islands of Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac, and Little Cayman, located south of Cuba and northwest of Jamaica...

In the Caribbean, west of Jamaica Presence of four restricted-range species, all of which are found in other EBAs (Yucatán Vireo, Thick-billed Vireo, Vitelline Warbler, Jamaican Oriole); also, the extinct Grand Cayman Thrush
Grand Cayman Thrush
The Grand Cayman Thrush is an extinct bird from the family of thrushes . It was endemic to Grand Cayman.-Description:...

 was formerly found here
s015 Netherlands Antilles
Netherlands Antilles
The Netherlands Antilles , also referred to informally as the Dutch Antilles, was an autonomous Caribbean country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, consisting of two groups of islands in the Lesser Antilles: Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao , in Leeward Antilles just off the Venezuelan coast; and Sint...

In the Caribbean, off the coast of Venezuela
Venezuela
Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...

Presence of Yellow-shouldered Amazon (which is otherwise only found in one South American EBA), and Pearly-eyed Thrasher
Pearly-eyed Thrasher
The Pearly-eyed Thrasher is a bird found in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, the Bahamas and Antilles. Its genus, Margarops, is considered monotypic today; formerly the Scaly-breasted Thrasher was placed here too...

, a species found in several Caribbean EBAs.
s016 Trinidad
Trinidad
Trinidad is the larger and more populous of the two major islands and numerous landforms which make up the island nation of Trinidad and Tobago. It is the southernmost island in the Caribbean and lies just off the northeastern coast of Venezuela. With an area of it is also the fifth largest in...

In the Caribbean, off the coast of Venezuela
Venezuela
Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...

The world range of Trinidad Piping-guan
Trinidad Piping-guan
The Trinidad Piping Guan, Pipile pipile, is a bird in the chachalaca, guan and curassow family Cracidae.This species is found only in Trinidad; it is close to extinction. They are large birds, 60 cm in length, and similar in general appearance to turkeys, with thin necks and small heads. They...

s017 Tobago
Tobago
Tobago is the smaller of the two main islands that make up the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. It is located in the southern Caribbean, northeast of the island of Trinidad and southeast of Grenada. The island lies outside the hurricane belt...

In the Caribbean, off the north coast of Trinidad Presence of White-tailed Sabrewing
White-tailed Sabrewing
The White-tailed Sabrewing is a large hummingbird that breeds in northeastern Venezuela and Tobago. It was thought to have become extinct in Tobago after hurricane Flora in 1963, but the population has now largely recovered. This species is now featured on Tobago’s environmental posters under the...

, which is otherwise only found in one South American EBA

Secondary areas in South America

Birdlife Code Name Location Interest
s018 Lower Rio Magdalena
s019 Macarena Mountain
s020 Sierra de Chiribiquete
s021 Tumaco and Bocagrande Islands
s022 Huallaga Valley
Huallaga Valley
The Huallaga Valley is located in northern Peru, south of Tarapoto. It follows the Huallaga River.-Coca:Since the 1980s, the primary coca growing and drug trafficking activities in Peru have been in the Upper Huallaga Valley...

s023 Upper Inambari valley
s024 Lake Titicaca
Lake Titicaca
Lake Titicaca is a lake located on the border of Peru and Bolivia. It sits 3,811 m above sea level, making it the highest commercially navigable lake in the world...

s025 Rio Ji-paraná
s026 Rio Guaporé
s027 Beni lowlands
s028 East Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia officially known as Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country in central South America. It is the poorest country in South America...

n cerrado
s029 Borba
Borba
Borba may refer to:Place names* Borba, Amazonas, a municipality in Amazonas state in Brazil* Borba Municipality, Portugal* Borba, Portugal * Borba DOC, a Portuguese wine region* Borba de Montanha, parish in Celorico de Basto Municipality...

s030 Upper Rio Cururu
s031 Rio Araguaia
s032 Interior Southern Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...

s033 Ceará
Ceará
Ceará is one of the 27 states of Brazil, located in the northeastern part of the country, on the Atlantic coast. It is currently the 8th largest Brazilian State by population and the 17th by area. It is also one of the main touristic destinations in Brazil. The state capital is the city of...

 caatinga and serras
s034 Coastal Paraná
Paraná (state)
Paraná is one of the states of Brazil, located in the South of the country, bordered on the north by São Paulo state, on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, on the south by Santa Catarina state and the Misiones Province of Argentina, and on the west by Mato Grosso do Sul and the republic of Paraguay,...

 marshes
s035 Coastal Uruguay
Uruguay
Uruguay ,officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,sometimes the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; ) is a country in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to some 3.5 million people, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area...

 marshes
s036 Salinas Grandes
Salinas Grandes
The Salinas Grandes is a salt desert in the Córdoba and Santiago del Estero provinces of the Sierras de Córdoba in Argentina. It covers an area of 3,200 mi² ....

 and Ambargasta
s037 South Georgia

Secondary areas in Africa, Europe and the Middle East

Birdlife Code Name Location Interest
s038 St Helena
s039 North Algerian Mountains
s040 Upper Niger Valley
s041 South-west Nigeria
s042 Lower Niger Valley
s043 Gabon-Cabinda coast
s044 West Zaïre and north Angola forests
s045 Namibian escarpment
s046 Namib desert
Namib Desert
The Namib Desert is a desert in Namibia and southwest Angola that forms part of the Namib-Naukluft National Park, the largest game reserve in Africa. The name "Namib" is of Nama origin and means "vast place"...

s047 Karoo
Karoo
The Karoo is a semi-desert region of South Africa. It has two main sub-regions - the Great Karoo in the north and the Little Karoo in the south. The 'High' Karoo is one of the distinct physiographic provinces of the larger South African Platform division.-Great Karoo:The Great Karoo has an area of...

s048 Kerguelen
Kerguelen Islands
The Kerguelen Islands , also known as the Desolation Islands, are a group of islands in the southern Indian Ocean constituting the emerged part of the otherwise submerged Kerguelen Plateau. The islands, along with Adélie Land, the Crozet Islands and the Amsterdam and Saint Paul Islands are part of...

 and Crozet Islands
s049 Isalo massif
s050 Ile Sainte-Marie
s051 Southern Zambia
s052 North-west Zambia
s053 Lake Lufira
s054 Upemba plains
s055 South-west Tanzanian swamps
s056 Kilombero floodplain
s057 Dry woodlands west of Lake Victoria
s058 Kakamega and Nandi forests
s059 North Ugandan swamps
s060 North-east Uganda
s061 North Kenyan short-grass plains
s062 Mount Kulal
Mount Kulal
Mount Kulal is a eroded-down extinct volcano located in northern Kenya, just east of Lake Turkana. The mountain is 2,285 meters high. The lakeside town of Loiyangalani is located 50 kilometres west of Mount Kulal....

s063 Northern Ethiopia
s064 North-west Somalia
s065 Djibouti juniper forests
s066 North-east Sudan
s067 Levantine mountains
s068 Corsican mountains
s069 Azores
Azores
The Archipelago of the Azores is composed of nine volcanic islands situated in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean, and is located about west from Lisbon and about east from the east coast of North America. The islands, and their economic exclusion zone, form the Autonomous Region of the...

s070 Caledonian pine forest

Secondary Areas in Continental Asia

Birdlife Code Name Location Interest
s071
s072
s073
s074
s075 Central Indian Forests
Central Indian Forests
Central Indian forests has been defined by Birdlife International as an Endemic Bird Area as it includes the range of the critically endangered Forest Owlet. It includes the southern region of Madhya Pradesh, the Vidarbha region of Maharastra and Chattisgarh. This forest consists of Dry Deciduous...

India Forest Owlet
Forest Owlet
The Forest Owlet is an owl that is endemic to the forests of central India. This species belongs to the typical owls family, Strigidae. After it was described in 1873 and last seen in the wild in 1884, it was considered extinct until it was rediscovered 113 years later in 1997 by Pamela Rasmussen...

s076
s077
s078
s079
s080
s081
s082
s083
s084
s085
s086
s087
s088
s089
s090
s091
s092
s093

Secondary Areas in South-east Asian islands, New Guinea and Australia

Birdlife Code Name Location Interest
s094
s095
s096
s097
s098
s099
s100
s101
s102
s103
s104
s105
s106
s107
s108
s109
s110
s111
s112
s113
s114
s115
s116
s117
s118
s119
s120
s121

Secondary Areas in the Pacific Islands region

Birdlife Code Name Location Interest
s122 Wake Island
Wake Island
Wake Island is a coral atoll having a coastline of in the North Pacific Ocean, located about two-thirds of the way from Honolulu west to Guam east. It is an unorganized, unincorporated territory of the United States, administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, U.S. Department of the Interior...

s123 Marshall Islands
Marshall Islands
The Republic of the Marshall Islands , , is a Micronesian nation of atolls and islands in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, just west of the International Date Line and just north of the Equator. As of July 2011 the population was 67,182...

s124 Nauru
Nauru
Nauru , officially the Republic of Nauru and formerly known as Pleasant Island, is an island country in Micronesia in the South Pacific. Its nearest neighbour is Banaba Island in Kiribati, to the east. Nauru is the world's smallest republic, covering just...

s125 Gilbert Islands
Gilbert Islands
The Gilbert Islands are a chain of sixteen atolls and coral islands in the Pacific Ocean. They are the main part of Republic of Kiribati and include Tarawa, the site of the country's capital and residence of almost half of the population.-Geography:The atolls and islands of the Gilbert Islands...

s126 Ontong Java Atoll
Ontong Java Atoll
Ontong Java Atoll or Luangiua is one of the largest atolls on earth. It is sometimes referred to as Lord Howe Atoll, not to be confused with Lord Howe Island.-Description:Administratively Ontong Java belongs to the Solomon Islands...

s127 Rotuma
Rotuma
Rotuma is a Fijian dependency, consisting of Rotuma Island and nearby islets. The island group is home to a small but unique indigenous ethnic group which constitutes a recognizable minority within the population of Fiji, known as "Rotumans"...

s128 Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna, officially the Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands , is a Polynesian French island territory in the South Pacific between Tuvalu to the northwest, Rotuma of Fiji to the west, the main part of Fiji to the southwest, Tonga to the southeast,...

s129 Niuafo'ou
Niuafo'ou
Niuafoou is the most northerly island in the kingdom of Tonga. It is a volcanic rim island of 15 km² and with a population of 650 in 2006.-Geography:...

s130 Tonga
Tonga
Tonga, officially the Kingdom of Tonga , is a state and an archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, comprising 176 islands scattered over of ocean in the South Pacific...

s131 Niue
Niue
Niue , is an island country in the South Pacific Ocean. It is commonly known as the "Rock of Polynesia", and inhabitants of the island call it "the Rock" for short. Niue is northeast of New Zealand in a triangle between Tonga to the southwest, the Samoas to the northwest, and the Cook Islands to...

s132 Snares Islands and Stewart Island islets
s133 Antipodes Islands
Antipodes Islands
The Antipodes Islands are inhospitable volcanic islands to the south of—and territorially part of—New Zealand...

s134 Northern Line Islands
s135 Aitutaki
Aitutaki
Aitutaki, also traditionally known as Araura, Ararau and Utataki, is one of the Cook Islands, north of Rarotonga. It has a population of approximately 2,000. Aitutaki is the second most visited island of the Cook Islands. The capital is Arutanga on the west side.-Geography:Aitutaki is an "almost...

s136 Rapa
Rapa
-French Polynesia:* Rapa Iti, an island in the southernmost of the Austral Islands of French Polynesia-Poland:* Rapa, Poland, a village in the administrative district of Gmina Banie Mazurskie, in Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship-Portugal:...

s137 Pitcairn
s138 Nihoa
Nihoa
Nihoa , also known as Bird Island or Moku Manu, is the largest and tallest of ten islands and atolls in the uninhabited Northwestern Hawaiian Islands . The island is located at the southern end of the NWHI chain, southeast of Necker Island...

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