Isidro Fabela
Encyclopedia
Isidro Fabela Alfaro was a Mexican
judge, politician, professor, writer, publisher, governor of the State of Mexico
, and delegate to the now defunct League of Nations
. Fabela was born in Atlacomulco
, Mexico State.
(UNAM) in 1908. Fabela returned to teach at UNAM in 1921, at his alma mater the National Law School, teaching International Public Law. Prior to teaching at UNAM, Fabela was a Professor of History at the National Institute in Chihuahua between 1911 and 1913, and a Professor at the Literary Institute of Mexico from 1912 to 1913.
serving as Chief Public Defender for the Federal District (Mexico State) in 1911. In the same year he was elected and
Secretary General of Chihuahua
where he served until 1913. In 1913 he was elected as and Secretary General of Government of the State of Sonora
. From 1912-1914 Fabela served as federal deputy from State of Mexico, he served again in this position from 1922 to 1923. In 1942 Fabela was elected as Governor of the State of Mexico
and served in that capacity untul 1945. In 1946 Fabela was elected to the role of Senator from Mexico State
. Fabela resigned the position after grooming Adolfo López Mateos to assume the role, and after being appointed to the position of Judge to the International Court of Justice
.
In 1913, Isidro briefly fled Mexico to Cuba
after calling upon the Ministers of the Government to cease their action, in particular the "arbitrary detention" of the editor of newspaper. From Cuba The New York Times reported Fabela as stating: "The attitude of the United States
in not recognizing Provision President Huerta
's Government will cause the early fall of the present Administration in Mexico."
Foreign Relations
for the government of Venustiano Carranza
from 1913 to 1915. In this capacity he is often cited as acting as a censor for Carranza, filtering who can see him, and under what conditions, as well as what questions the press could ask of Carranza. Fabela was noted as defending the death of William S. Benton, a foreign citizen and land owner who was executed by Rodolfo Fierro
under orders of then General Pancho Villa
: "Benton tried to assassinate Gen. Francisco Villa at Ciudad Juarez, but, owning to the energy with which Gen. Villa acted, he was able to disarm him himself" Defending Pancho Villa's action and the governments lack of response. In addition to Secretary of Foreign Relations, Fabela was the Special Diplomat to Italy
and Spain
in 1915. The following year he was selected as Minister to Argentina
, Brazil
, Chile
, and Uruguay
. From 1918 to 1920 Fabela operated as Special Ambassador to Argentina. In 1937 Fabela was chosen as the Mexican Delegate to the International Office of Labor at the League of Nations
where he served until 1940. While serving as the Senator from Mexico State, Fabela was appointed to the position of Judge
for the International Court of Justice
in 1946, he served in this capacity until 1952.
(The sadness of love) (The precursors of the Mexican diplomacy) (Diplomatic History of the Mexican Revolution) (Historical Documents of the Mexican Revolution) (My Memories of the Revolution)
. First appointing Mateos to the position of Director of the Literary Scientific Institute of the State of Mexico. When Fabela was elected to the Senate of Mexico, he appointed Mateos to the position of "Alternate Federal Senator", giving Mateos the ability to vote when he was absent. Following Fabelas departure to the position of Judge at the International Court of Justice, Mateos was appointed to vacant position as Senator. It was on this very day that Mateos mother died, he received shortly after accepting the position.
, Mexico State to the Mexican Government. It is alternately called "Casa del Risco". The cultural center is considered a historical monument and houses a large art collection formerly belonging to Isidro Fabela. The collection is a combination of sculptures, furniture and applied arts. The premises include a large library, an archive, and an auditorium. In 1958 The Isidro Fabela Trust formed in a partnership with the Bank of Mexico, and in 1988 joined with the state government of Mexico.
in 1960. The Belisario Domínguez Medal of Honor is the highest award bestowed by the Mexican congress. The award has been given every year since 1954 by the Senate of Mexico
to eminent Mexican
s with a distinguished lifetime career who contributed most "toward the welfare of the Nation and mankind".
(2007), José Saramago
(2004), Ernesto Cardenal
(2006), Juan Gelman
(2006), Baltasar Garzón Real
(2005).
Mexican people
Mexican people refers to all persons from Mexico, a multiethnic country in North America, and/or who identify with the Mexican cultural and/or national identity....
judge, politician, professor, writer, publisher, governor of the State of Mexico
Governor of the State of Mexico
The Governor of the State of Mexico wields executive power in the State of Mexico ....
, and delegate to the now defunct League of Nations
League of Nations
The League of Nations was an intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. It was the first permanent international organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace...
. Fabela was born in Atlacomulco
Atlacomulco
Atlacomulco is a city and municipality located in the northwest of the State of Mexico in central Mexico, 63 km from the state capital of Toluca. The name is derived from the Nahuatl phrase "atlacomulli" which means "where there are wells." The city, with a population of 20,477 is...
, Mexico State.
Teaching/studies
Isidro Fabela received his Law degree from the National School of Law at the National Autonomous University of MexicoNational Autonomous University of Mexico
The Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México is a university in Mexico. UNAM was founded on 22 September 1910 by Justo Sierra as a liberal alternative to the Roman Catholic-sponsored Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico The Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) (National Autonomous...
(UNAM) in 1908. Fabela returned to teach at UNAM in 1921, at his alma mater the National Law School, teaching International Public Law. Prior to teaching at UNAM, Fabela was a Professor of History at the National Institute in Chihuahua between 1911 and 1913, and a Professor at the Literary Institute of Mexico from 1912 to 1913.
Local government
Isidro Fabela worked in various roles of local government, his earliest role is most closely connected to his work as a lawyer,serving as Chief Public Defender for the Federal District (Mexico State) in 1911. In the same year he was elected and
Secretary General of Chihuahua
Chihuahua, Chihuahua
The city of Chihuahua is the state capital of the Mexican state of Chihuahua. It has a population of about 825,327. The predominant activity is industry, including domestic heavy, light industries, consumer goods production, and to a smaller extent maquiladoras.-History:It has been said that the...
where he served until 1913. In 1913 he was elected as and Secretary General of Government of the State of Sonora
Sonora
Sonora officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 72 municipalities; the capital city is Hermosillo....
. From 1912-1914 Fabela served as federal deputy from State of Mexico, he served again in this position from 1922 to 1923. In 1942 Fabela was elected as Governor of the State of Mexico
Governor of the State of Mexico
The Governor of the State of Mexico wields executive power in the State of Mexico ....
and served in that capacity untul 1945. In 1946 Fabela was elected to the role of Senator from Mexico State
Senate of Mexico
The Senate of the Republic, constitutionally Chamber of Senators of the Honorable Congress of the Union After a series of reforms during the 1990s, it is now made up of 128 senators:...
. Fabela resigned the position after grooming Adolfo López Mateos to assume the role, and after being appointed to the position of Judge to the International Court of Justice
International Court of Justice
The International Court of Justice is the primary judicial organ of the United Nations. It is based in the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands...
.
In 1913, Isidro briefly fled Mexico to Cuba
Cuba
The Republic of Cuba is an island nation in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city...
after calling upon the Ministers of the Government to cease their action, in particular the "arbitrary detention" of the editor of newspaper. From Cuba The New York Times reported Fabela as stating: "The attitude of the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
in not recognizing Provision President Huerta
Victoriano Huerta
José Victoriano Huerta Márquez was a Mexican military officer and president of Mexico. Huerta's supporters were known as Huertistas during the Mexican Revolution...
's Government will cause the early fall of the present Administration in Mexico."
International roles
Isidro Fabela held numerous international positions, the first of such being Secretary ofForeign Relations
Secretary of Foreign Affairs (Mexico)
In Mexico, the Secretary of Foreign Affairs is a member of the federal executive cabinet with responsibility for implementing the country's foreign policy. The secretary is appointed by the President of the Republic and heads the Secretariat of Foreign Affairs ...
for the government of Venustiano Carranza
Venustiano Carranza
Venustiano Carranza de la Garza, was one of the leaders of the Mexican Revolution. He ultimately became President of Mexico following the overthrow of the dictatorial Huerta regime in the summer of 1914 and during his administration the current constitution of Mexico was drafted...
from 1913 to 1915. In this capacity he is often cited as acting as a censor for Carranza, filtering who can see him, and under what conditions, as well as what questions the press could ask of Carranza. Fabela was noted as defending the death of William S. Benton, a foreign citizen and land owner who was executed by Rodolfo Fierro
Rodolfo Fierro
Rodolfo Fierro was a railway worker, railway superintendent, federal soldier and lieutenant in the army of Pancho Villa during the Mexican Revolution in the . Fierro and his counter part and fellow lieutenant, Tomas Urbina, have been cited as the two halves of Pancho Villa, Fierro representing his...
under orders of then General Pancho Villa
Pancho Villa
José Doroteo Arango Arámbula – better known by his pseudonym Francisco Villa or its hypocorism Pancho Villa – was one of the most prominent Mexican Revolutionary generals....
: "Benton tried to assassinate Gen. Francisco Villa at Ciudad Juarez, but, owning to the energy with which Gen. Villa acted, he was able to disarm him himself" Defending Pancho Villa's action and the governments lack of response. In addition to Secretary of Foreign Relations, Fabela was the Special Diplomat to Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
and Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
in 1915. The following year he was selected as Minister to Argentina
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
, Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
, Chile
Chile
Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...
, and Uruguay
Uruguay
Uruguay ,officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,sometimes the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; ) is a country in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to some 3.5 million people, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area...
. From 1918 to 1920 Fabela operated as Special Ambassador to Argentina. In 1937 Fabela was chosen as the Mexican Delegate to the International Office of Labor at the League of Nations
League of Nations
The League of Nations was an intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. It was the first permanent international organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace...
where he served until 1940. While serving as the Senator from Mexico State, Fabela was appointed to the position of Judge
Judges of the International Court of Justice
This is a list of all the permanent judges of the International Court of Justice, the main judicial organ of the United Nations. It does not include judges who have been appointed as judge ad hoc by a party to a proceeding before the Court pursuant to Article 31 of the Statute of the International...
for the International Court of Justice
International Court of Justice
The International Court of Justice is the primary judicial organ of the United Nations. It is based in the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands...
in 1946, he served in this capacity until 1952.
Writer
Isidro Fabela is noted with founding two periodicals, and publishing a variety of books. In 1910, Fabela founded the newspaper and in 1914, the newspaper . He has also published the following books:(The sadness of love) (The precursors of the Mexican diplomacy) (Diplomatic History of the Mexican Revolution) (Historical Documents of the Mexican Revolution) (My Memories of the Revolution)
Adolfo López Mateos
Isidro is often mentioned as a the "political father" to Adolfo López MateosAdolfo López Mateos
Adolfo López Mateos was a Mexican politician affiliated to the Institutional Revolutionary Party who served as President of Mexico from 1958 to 1964...
. First appointing Mateos to the position of Director of the Literary Scientific Institute of the State of Mexico. When Fabela was elected to the Senate of Mexico, he appointed Mateos to the position of "Alternate Federal Senator", giving Mateos the ability to vote when he was absent. Following Fabelas departure to the position of Judge at the International Court of Justice, Mateos was appointed to vacant position as Senator. It was on this very day that Mateos mother died, he received shortly after accepting the position.
Cultural Center
The home of Isidro Fabela was turned into the Isidro Fabela Cultural Center in 1958. Fabela donated the house in San ÁngelSan Ángel
San Ángel is a colonia or neighborhood of Mexico City, located in the southwest in Álvaro Óbregon borough. Historically, it was a rural community, called Tenanitla in the pre Hispanic period. Its current name is derived from the El Carmen monastery school called San Ángel Mártir...
, Mexico State to the Mexican Government. It is alternately called "Casa del Risco". The cultural center is considered a historical monument and houses a large art collection formerly belonging to Isidro Fabela. The collection is a combination of sculptures, furniture and applied arts. The premises include a large library, an archive, and an auditorium. In 1958 The Isidro Fabela Trust formed in a partnership with the Bank of Mexico, and in 1988 joined with the state government of Mexico.
Belisario Domínguez Medal of Honor
Isidro Fabela was also a recipient of the Belisario Domínguez Medal of HonorBelisario Domínguez Medal of Honor
The Order of the Belisario Domínguez Medal of Honor is the highest award bestowed by the Mexican government...
in 1960. The Belisario Domínguez Medal of Honor is the highest award bestowed by the Mexican congress. The award has been given every year since 1954 by the Senate of Mexico
Senate of Mexico
The Senate of the Republic, constitutionally Chamber of Senators of the Honorable Congress of the Union After a series of reforms during the 1990s, it is now made up of 128 senators:...
to eminent Mexican
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
s with a distinguished lifetime career who contributed most "toward the welfare of the Nation and mankind".
Medalla Isidro Fabela
The Technical Board of the Faculty of Law (FD) for the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) awards a medal named for Isidro Fabela. The Medalla Isidro Fabela is awarded for "steadfastness for the values that sustain the culture and democracy in our region." Recipients include: José Luis Rodríguez ZapateroJosé Luis Rodríguez Zapatero
José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero is a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party . He was elected for two terms as Prime Minister of Spain, in the 2004 and 2008 general elections. On 2 April 2011 he announced he will not stand for re-election in 2012...
(2007), José Saramago
José Saramago
José de Sousa Saramago, GColSE was a Nobel-laureate Portuguese novelist, poet, playwright and journalist. His works, some of which can be seen as allegories, commonly present subversive perspectives on historic events, emphasizing the human factor. Harold Bloom has described Saramago as "a...
(2004), Ernesto Cardenal
Ernesto Cardenal
Reverend Father Ernesto Cardenal Martínez is a Nicaraguan Catholic priest and was one of the most famous liberation theologians of the Nicaraguan Sandinistas, a party he has since left. From 1979 to 1987 he served as Nicaragua's first culture minister. He is also famous as a poet...
(2006), Juan Gelman
Juan Gelman
Juan Gelman is an Argentine poet. He has published more than twenty books of poetry since 1956. He won the Cervantes Prize in 2007, the most important in Spanish literature...
(2006), Baltasar Garzón Real
(2005).