Immigration to France
Encyclopedia
As of 2010, Eurostat
estimated that 7.2 million foreign-born immigrants lived in France corresponding to 11.1% of the total population. Of these, 5.1 million (7.8%) were born outside the European Union
and 2.1 million (3.3%) were born in another EU member state. The largest absolute numbers of people born outside the EU were in Germany (6.4 million), France (5.1 million), the United Kingdom (4.7 million), Spain (4.1 million), Italy (3.2 million), and the Netherlands (1.4 million).
As of 2008, the French national institute of statistics INSEE
, which has a more restrictive definition of immigration than Eurostat, estimated that 5,3 million foreign-born immigrants and 6,5 million direct descendants of immigrants (born in France with at least one immigrant parent) lived in France representing a total of 11.8 million and 19% of the total population in metropolitan France
(62,1 million in 2008). Among them, about 5,5 million are of European
origin, 4 million of Maghrebi origin, 1 million of Sub-saharan african
origin and 400,000 of Turkish
origin.
The region with the largest proportion of immigrants is the Île-de-France
(Greater Paris), where 40% of immigrants live. Other important regions are Rhône-Alpes
(Lyon) and Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (Marseille).
Among the 802,000 newborns in metropolitan France in 2010, 27.3% had at least one foreign-born parent and about one quarter (23.9%) had at least one parent born outside of Europe..
Selected countries (excluding member states of the European Economic Area
):
There were also 6,5 million direct descendants of immigrants ( born in France with at least one immigrant parent) living in France, corresponding to 11 % of the total population in metropolitan France. Immigrants aged 18-50 count for 2.7 millions (10% of population aged 18-50) and 5,3 millions for all ages (8% of population). 2nd Generation aged 18-50 make up 3.1 millions (12% of 18-50) and 6.5 millions for all ages (11% of population).
In 2005, 18.1% of young people under 18 were of foreign origin (at least one immigrant parent) in France including 13.5% of non-european origin. Ile-de-France
has the highest proportion at about 37%.
People under 18 of Maghrebi, Sub-saharian
and Turkish
origin became a majority in several cities of Ile-de-France (Clichy-sous-Bois
, Mantes-la-Jolie
, Grigny
, Saint-Denis, Les Mureaux
, Saint-Ouen, Sarcelles
, Pierrefitte-sur-Seine
, Garges-lès-Gonesse
, Aubervilliers
, Stains
, Gennevilliers
et Épinay-sur-Seine
) and in several arrondissements of Marseilles. In Grigny, 31% of young people are of Sub-saharian origin
27.3% of the 802,000 newborns in metropolitan France in 2010 had at least one foreign-born parent. About one quarter (23.9%) of all the newborns had at least one parent born outside of Europe including about 17% from Africa
(11% from Maghreb
and 6% from Subsaharan Africa).
(Greater Paris), where 40% of immigrants live. According to INSEE
, French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies, responsible for the production and analysis of official statistics in France, about 35% of people (4 millions) living in Île-de-France, are either immigrant (17%) or born to at least one immigrant parent (18%) in 2006.
In the city of Paris, 20% of people living are immigrants and 41.3% of people under 20 have at least one immigrant parent. Among the young people under 18, 12.1% are of Maghrebi origin, 9.9% of Subsaharan African origin (not including Blacks from French West Indies) and 4.0% of South European origin.
In département of Seine-Saint-Denis (population of 1.5 million), 56.7 % of young under 18 are or foreign origin including 38% of African origin. Islam
is the main religion.
Reading: 436 576 immigrants live in Paris, representing 20 % of Parisians and 22.4 % of immigrants in Ile-de-France.
162 635 children under 20 with at least one immigrant parent live in Paris, representing 41.3% of the total of children under 20 in Paris
and 15.4 % of the total of children under 20 with at least one immigrant parent in Ile-de-France.
According to Michel Tribalat, a researcher at INED
, there were 3.5 million people of Maghrebi origin (with at least one grandparent from Algeria, Morocco or Tunisia) living in France
in 2005 corresponding to 5.8% of the total French metropolitan population (60.7 millions in 2005). Maghrebis have settled mainly in the industrial regions in France, especially in the Paris region
. Many famous French people like Edith Piaf
, Isabelle Adjani
, Arnaud Montebourg
, Alain Bashung
, Dany Boon
have Maghrebi ancestry.
Below is a table of population of Maghrebi origin in France, numbers are in thousands:
In 2005, the percentage of young people under 18 of maghrebi origin (at least one immigrant parent) were about 7% in Metropolitan France
, 12% in Greater Paris
, 13% in Lyon
, 21% in Perpignan
, 22% in French département of Seine-Saint-Denis
, 37% in 18th arrondissement of Paris and 40% in several arrondissements of Marseilles.
According to other sources between 5 and 6 million people of Maghrebin origin live in France corresponding to about 7-9% of the total French metropolitan population.
developed as immigration policy became more rigid. In 2006, The French Ministry of the Interior estimated clandestine immigrants ("sans-papiers ") in France amounted to anywhere between 200.000 and 400.000, also expecting between 80.000 and 100.000 people to enter the country illegally each year.
47.3 million people lived in the European Union
in 2010 who were born outside their resident country. This corresponds to 9.4% of the total EU population. Of these, 31.4 million (6.3%) were born outside the EU and 16.0 million (3.2%) were born in another EU member state. The largest absolute numbers of people born outside the EU were in Germany (6.4 million), France (5.1 million), the United Kingdom (4.7 million), Spain (4.1 million), Italy (3.2 million), and the Netherlands (1.4 million). Regarding France, the number of immigrants reported by Eurostat (7,1 million) is higher than the one reported by Insee (5,3 million) because Insee only reports as immigrants people who were born abroad as foreign citizens.
Eurostat
Eurostat is a Directorate-General of the European Commission located in Luxembourg. Its main responsibilities are to provide the European Union with statistical information at European level and to promote the integration of statistical methods across the Member States of the European Union,...
estimated that 7.2 million foreign-born immigrants lived in France corresponding to 11.1% of the total population. Of these, 5.1 million (7.8%) were born outside the European Union
European Union
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
and 2.1 million (3.3%) were born in another EU member state. The largest absolute numbers of people born outside the EU were in Germany (6.4 million), France (5.1 million), the United Kingdom (4.7 million), Spain (4.1 million), Italy (3.2 million), and the Netherlands (1.4 million).
As of 2008, the French national institute of statistics INSEE
INSEE
INSEE is the French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies. It collects and publishes information on the French economy and society, carrying out the periodic national census. Located in Paris, it is the French branch of Eurostat, European Statistical System...
, which has a more restrictive definition of immigration than Eurostat, estimated that 5,3 million foreign-born immigrants and 6,5 million direct descendants of immigrants (born in France with at least one immigrant parent) lived in France representing a total of 11.8 million and 19% of the total population in metropolitan France
Metropolitan France
Metropolitan France is the part of France located in Europe. It can also be described as mainland France or as the French mainland and the island of Corsica...
(62,1 million in 2008). Among them, about 5,5 million are of European
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
origin, 4 million of Maghrebi origin, 1 million of Sub-saharan african
Sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa as a geographical term refers to the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara. A political definition of Sub-Saharan Africa, instead, covers all African countries which are fully or partially located south of the Sahara...
origin and 400,000 of Turkish
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
origin.
The region with the largest proportion of immigrants is the Île-de-France
Île-de-France (région)
Île-de-France is the wealthiest and most populated of the twenty-two administrative regions of France, composed mostly of the Paris metropolitan area....
(Greater Paris), where 40% of immigrants live. Other important regions are Rhône-Alpes
Rhône-Alpes
Rhône-Alpes is one of the 27 regions of France, located on the eastern border of the country, towards the south. The region was named after the Rhône River and the Alps mountain range. Its capital, Lyon, is the second-largest metropolitan area in France after Paris...
(Lyon) and Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur (Marseille).
Among the 802,000 newborns in metropolitan France in 2010, 27.3% had at least one foreign-born parent and about one quarter (23.9%) had at least one parent born outside of Europe..
History
According to the distinguished French historian of immigration Gérard Noiriel, one third of the population currently living in France is of "foreign" descent.Immigration flows
Immigration to France exceeded 200,000 in recent years, as shown in table below.| Region | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | % 2008 |
| Africa | 94 317 | 101 658 | 100 567 | 95 309 | 92 194 | 83 606 | 90 582 | 42.9 % (including 26.5 % from Maghreb ) |
| European Union | 50 540 | 50 274 | 46 708 | 55 941 | 55 000 | 55 000 | 55 000 | 26.1 % |
| Other European countries (including Turkey) | 16 438 | 17 518 | 18 529 | 21 063 | 19 328 | 16 720 | 17 656 | 8.4 % (incuding 3.6 % from Turkey) |
| Asia | 29 070 | 30 346 | 30 458 | 29 274 | 29 918 | 29 196 | 31 700 | 15.0 % (including 5.6 % from China) |
| America | 14 682 | 14 958 | 14 917 | 14 941 | 15 454 | 14 272 | 15 154 | 7.2 % |
| Others | 660 | 642 | 684 | 756 | 826 | 864 | 963 | 0.5 % |
| All countries | 205 707 | 215 396 | 211 863 | 217 284 | 212 720 | 199 658 | 211 055 | 100 % |
Selected countries (excluding member states of the European Economic Area
European Economic Area
The European Economic Area was established on 1 January 1994 following an agreement between the member states of the European Free Trade Association and the European Community, later the European Union . Specifically, it allows Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway to participate in the EU's Internal...
):
| Country | % of all immigrants 2008 |
% of all immigrants 2007 |
% of all immigrants 2006 |
% of all immigrants 2005 |
% of all immigrants 2004 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Algeria Algeria Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab... |
11.2% | 12.0% | 14.1% | 14.0% | 15.2% |
| Morocco Morocco Morocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of more than 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², and also primarily administers the disputed region of the Western Sahara... |
11.1% | 9.5% | 9.4% | 10.4% | 11.4% |
| China China Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture... |
5.6% | 5.0% | 4.8% | 4.0% | 4.0% |
| Tunisia Tunisia Tunisia , officially the Tunisian RepublicThe long name of Tunisia in other languages used in the country is: , is the northernmost country in Africa. It is a Maghreb country and is bordered by Algeria to the west, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Its area... |
4.3% | 4.4% | 4.5% | 4.5% | 4.7% |
| Turkey Turkey Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe... |
3.6% | 3.6% | 4.1% | 4.0% | 3.7% |
| Romania Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea... |
2.3% | 1.7% | 1.3% | 1.2% | 1.3% |
| Mali Mali Mali , officially the Republic of Mali , is a landlocked country in Western Africa. Mali borders Algeria on the north, Niger on the east, Burkina Faso and the Côte d'Ivoire on the south, Guinea on the south-west, and Senegal and Mauritania on the west. Its size is just over 1,240,000 km² with... |
2.1% | 1.3% | 1.4% | 1.2% | 1.2% |
| Cameroon Cameroon Cameroon, officially the Republic of Cameroon , is a country in west Central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon's coastline lies on the... |
1.9% | 1.9% | 2.1% | 2.1% | 2.0% |
| United States United States The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... |
1.8% | 1.7% | 2.0% | 2.0% | 2.2% |
| Senegal Senegal Senegal , officially the Republic of Senegal , is a country in western Africa. It owes its name to the Sénégal River that borders it to the east and north... |
1.7% | 1.8% | 1.7% | 1.7% | 1.9% |
| Russia Russia Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects... |
1.6% | 1.5% | 1.7% | 2.0% | 2.0% |
| Côte d'Ivoire Côte d'Ivoire The Republic of Côte d'Ivoire or Ivory Coast is a country in West Africa. It has an area of , and borders the countries Liberia, Guinea, Mali, Burkina Faso and Ghana; its southern boundary is along the Gulf of Guinea. The country's population was 15,366,672 in 1998 and was estimated to be... |
1.5% | 1.6% | 1.8% | 1.7% | 1.9% |
The immigrant population
In 2008, there were 5.3 million immigrants living in France, corresponding to 8.5% of the total population in metropolitan France (62,1 million in 2008). 42% were from Africa (30% from Maghreb and 12% from Sub-Saharan Africa), 38% from Europe (mainly from Portugal, Italy and Spain), 14% from Asia and 5% from America and Oceania. Of this total, 40% have assumed French citizenship.| Immigrants by origin (2008) | % | N |
| Africa | 42.5 | 2 271 231 |
| Algeria | 13.4 | 713 334 |
| Morocco | 12.2 | 653 826 |
| Tunisia | 4.4 | 234 669 |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 12.5 | 669 401 |
| Europe | 38.0 | 2 032 030 |
| European Union | 33.9 | 1 808 425 |
| Spain | 4.8 | 257 315 |
| Italy | 5.9 | 317 260 |
| Portugal | 10.9 | 580 598 |
| UK | 2.8 | 147 954 |
| Other EU countries | 9.5 | 496 807 |
| Other European countries | 4.2 | 223 605 |
| Asia | 14.2 | 756 846 |
| Turkey | 4.5 | 238 862 |
| Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam | 3.0 | 162 684 |
| Other Asian countries | 6.7 | 355 301 |
| America, Oceania | 5.3 | 282 181 |
| Total | 100 | 5 342 288 |
There were also 6,5 million direct descendants of immigrants ( born in France with at least one immigrant parent) living in France, corresponding to 11 % of the total population in metropolitan France. Immigrants aged 18-50 count for 2.7 millions (10% of population aged 18-50) and 5,3 millions for all ages (8% of population). 2nd Generation aged 18-50 make up 3.1 millions (12% of 18-50) and 6.5 millions for all ages (11% of population).
| Children of immigrants aged 18-50 by origin (2008) | % |
| Europe | 50 |
| Maghreb | 35 |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 4 |
| Asia | 8 |
| Others | 3 |
| Total | 100 |
In 2005, 18.1% of young people under 18 were of foreign origin (at least one immigrant parent) in France including 13.5% of non-european origin. Ile-de-France
Île-de-France (région)
Île-de-France is the wealthiest and most populated of the twenty-two administrative regions of France, composed mostly of the Paris metropolitan area....
has the highest proportion at about 37%.
People under 18 of Maghrebi, Sub-saharian
Sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa as a geographical term refers to the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara. A political definition of Sub-Saharan Africa, instead, covers all African countries which are fully or partially located south of the Sahara...
and Turkish
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
origin became a majority in several cities of Ile-de-France (Clichy-sous-Bois
Clichy-sous-Bois
Clichy-sous-Bois is a commune in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. The vast majority of its population is made up of Muslims of North African heritage . It is located from the centre of Paris.-Geography:The commune has an area of with of woods...
, Mantes-la-Jolie
Mantes-la-Jolie
Mantes-la-Jolie is a commune based in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. It is located in the western suburbs of Paris from the center. Mantes-la-Jolie is a sub-prefecture department.-History:...
, Grigny
Grigny, Essonne
Grigny is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris.Inhabitants of Grigny are known as Grignois.-Transportation:Grigny is served by Grigny – Centre station on Paris RER line D....
, Saint-Denis, Les Mureaux
Les Mureaux
Les Mureaux is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. It is located in the north-western suburbs of Paris from the center.-Transport:...
, Saint-Ouen, Sarcelles
Sarcelles
Sarcelles is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris. Sarcelles is a sub-prefecture of the Val-d'Oise department and the seat of the Arrondissement of Sarcelles....
, Pierrefitte-sur-Seine
Pierrefitte-sur-Seine
Pierrefitte-sur-Seine is a commune in the Seine-Saint-Denis department and Île-de-France region of France. Today forming part of the northern suburbs of Paris, Pierrefitte lies from the centre of the French capital.- Heraldry :-Transport:...
, Garges-lès-Gonesse
Garges-lès-Gonesse
Garges-lès-Gonesse is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris.-Transport:Garges-lès-Gonesse is served by Garges – Sarcelles station on Paris RER line D.-References:** -External links:* * *...
, Aubervilliers
Aubervilliers
Aubervilliers is a commune in the northeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris.-Name:In medieval times the name Aubervilliers was recorded as Alberti Villare, meaning "estate of Adalbert"...
, Stains
Stains
Stains is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris.-Heraldry:-Transport:Stains is served by Pierrefitte – Stains station on Paris RER line D...
, Gennevilliers
Gennevilliers
Gennevilliers is a commune in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris.-History:On 9 April 1929, one-fifth of the territory of Gennevilliers was detached and became the commune of Villeneuve-la-Garenne.-Transport:...
et Épinay-sur-Seine
Épinay-sur-Seine
-Transport:Épinay-sur-Seine is served by Épinay-sur-Seine station on Paris RER line C.It is also served by Épinay – Villetaneuse station on the Transilien Paris – Nord suburban rail line....
) and in several arrondissements of Marseilles. In Grigny, 31% of young people are of Sub-saharian origin
| Children of immigrants under 18 by origin (2005) | % |
|---|---|
| Maghreb | 38 |
| Europe | 27 |
| Sub-saharan Africa | 16 |
| Others | 19 |
| Total | 100 |
27.3% of the 802,000 newborns in metropolitan France in 2010 had at least one foreign-born parent. About one quarter (23.9%) of all the newborns had at least one parent born outside of Europe including about 17% from Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
(11% from Maghreb
Maghreb
The Maghreb is the region of Northwest Africa, west of Egypt. It includes five countries: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Mauritania and the disputed territory of Western Sahara...
and 6% from Subsaharan Africa).
Ile-de-France
The region with the largest proportion of immigrants is the Île-de-FranceÎle-de-France (région)
Île-de-France is the wealthiest and most populated of the twenty-two administrative regions of France, composed mostly of the Paris metropolitan area....
(Greater Paris), where 40% of immigrants live. According to INSEE
INSEE
INSEE is the French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies. It collects and publishes information on the French economy and society, carrying out the periodic national census. Located in Paris, it is the French branch of Eurostat, European Statistical System...
, French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies, responsible for the production and analysis of official statistics in France, about 35% of people (4 millions) living in Île-de-France, are either immigrant (17%) or born to at least one immigrant parent (18%) in 2006.
In the city of Paris, 20% of people living are immigrants and 41.3% of people under 20 have at least one immigrant parent. Among the young people under 18, 12.1% are of Maghrebi origin, 9.9% of Subsaharan African origin (not including Blacks from French West Indies) and 4.0% of South European origin.
In département of Seine-Saint-Denis (population of 1.5 million), 56.7 % of young under 18 are or foreign origin including 38% of African origin. Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
is the main religion.
| Département | Immigrants | Children under 20 with at least one immigrant parent | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % département | % Ile-de-France | Number | % département | % Ile-de-France | |
| Paris Paris Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region... (75) |
436'576 | 20 | 22.4 | 162'635 | 41.3 | 15.4 |
| Seine-Saint-Denis Seine-Saint-Denis - Culture :A number of hip hop artists come from the Seine-Saint-Denis, including one of the first major hip-hop groups in France, NTM, as well as Lord Kossity, or more recent acts such as Tandem or Sefyu.- Miscellaneous topics :... (93) |
394'831 | 26.5 | 20.2 | 234'837 | 57.1 | 22.2 |
| Hauts-de-Seine Hauts-de-Seine Hauts-de-Seine is designated number 92 of the 101 départements in France. It is part of the Île-de-France region, and covers the western inner suburbs of Paris... (92) |
250'190 | 16.3 | 12.8 | 124'501 | 34 | 11.8 |
| Val-de-Marne Val-de-Marne Val-de-Marne is a French department, named after the Marne River, located in the Île-de-France region. The department is situated to the southeast of the city of Paris.- Geography :... (94) |
234'633 | 18.1 | 12 | 127'701 | 40 | 12.1 |
| Val-d’Oise (95) | 185'890 | 16.1 | 9.5 | 124'644 | 38.5 | 11.8 |
| Yvelines Yvelines Yvelines is a French department in the region of Île-de-France.-History:Yvelines was created from the western part of the defunct department of Seine-et-Oise on 1 January 1968 in accordance with a law passed on 10 January 1964 and a décret d'application from 26 February 1965.It gained the... (78) |
161'869 | 11.6 | 8.3 | 98'755 | 26.4 | 9.3 |
| Essonne Essonne Essonne is a French department in the region of Île-de-France. It is named after the Essonne River.It was formed on 1 January 1968 when Seine-et-Oise was split into smaller departments.- History :... (91) |
150'980 | 12.6 | 7.7 | 94'003 | 29.6 | 8.9 |
| Seine-et-Marne Seine-et-Marne Seine-et-Marne is a French department, named after the Seine and Marne rivers, and located in the Île-de-France region.- History:Seine-et-Marne is one of the original 83 departments, created on March 4, 1790 during the French Revolution in application of the law of December 22, 1789... (77) |
135'654 | 10.7 | 7 | 90'319 | 26 | 8.5 |
| Île-de-France Île-de-France Île-de-France may refer to:In places:* Île-de-France , historical province of France* Île-de-France , modern French administrative région* Île-de-France , constituency in the European Parliament... |
1'950'623 | 16.9 | 100 | 1'057'394 | 37.1 | 100 |
Reading: 436 576 immigrants live in Paris, representing 20 % of Parisians and 22.4 % of immigrants in Ile-de-France.
162 635 children under 20 with at least one immigrant parent live in Paris, representing 41.3% of the total of children under 20 in Paris
and 15.4 % of the total of children under 20 with at least one immigrant parent in Ile-de-France.
| Children under 18 with at least one immigrant parent (2005) | Seine-Saint-Denis Seine-Saint-Denis - Culture :A number of hip hop artists come from the Seine-Saint-Denis, including one of the first major hip-hop groups in France, NTM, as well as Lord Kossity, or more recent acts such as Tandem or Sefyu.- Miscellaneous topics :... |
Paris Paris Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region... |
Val-de-Marne Val-de-Marne Val-de-Marne is a French department, named after the Marne River, located in the Île-de-France region. The department is situated to the southeast of the city of Paris.- Geography :... |
Val-d'Oise Val-d'Oise Val-d'Oise is a French department, created in 1968 after the split of the Seine-et-Oise department and located in the Île-de-France region. In local slang, it is known as "quatre-vingt quinze" or "neuf cinq"... |
France France The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All origins | 56.7 % | 41.30 % | 39.90 % | 37.90 % | 18.10 % |
| Maghreb Maghreb The Maghreb is the region of Northwest Africa, west of Egypt. It includes five countries: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Mauritania and the disputed territory of Western Sahara... |
22.0 % | 12.1 % | 13.2 % | 13.0 % | 6.9 % |
| Sub-saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa as a geographical term refers to the area of the African continent which lies south of the Sahara. A political definition of Sub-Saharan Africa, instead, covers all African countries which are fully or partially located south of the Sahara... |
16.0 % | 9.9 % | 10.8 % | 9.1 % | 3.0 % |
| Turkey Turkey Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe... |
2.7 % | 0.6 % | 1.2 % | 3.1 % | 1.4 % |
| South Europe | 4.0 % | 4.0 % | 5.5 % | 4.8 % | 2.6 % |
Maghrebis
French of Maghrebi origin in France form the largest ethnic group after French of European origin.According to Michel Tribalat, a researcher at INED
Institut national d'études démographiques
The Institut national d'études démographiques is a French research institute specialized in demography and population studies in general.-A research institute founded in 1945:...
, there were 3.5 million people of Maghrebi origin (with at least one grandparent from Algeria, Morocco or Tunisia) living in France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
in 2005 corresponding to 5.8% of the total French metropolitan population (60.7 millions in 2005). Maghrebis have settled mainly in the industrial regions in France, especially in the Paris region
Île-de-France (région)
Île-de-France is the wealthiest and most populated of the twenty-two administrative regions of France, composed mostly of the Paris metropolitan area....
. Many famous French people like Edith Piaf
Édith Piaf
Édith Piaf , born Édith Giovanna Gassion, was a French singer and cultural icon who became widely regarded as France's greatest popular singer. Her singing reflected her life, with her specialty being ballads...
, Isabelle Adjani
Isabelle Adjani
Isabelle Yasmine Adjani is a French film actress and singer. Adjani has appeared in 30 films since 1970. She holds the record for most César Awards for Best Actress with five, for Possession , One Deadly Summer , Camille Claudel , Queen Margot and Skirt Day...
, Arnaud Montebourg
Arnaud Montebourg
Arnaud Montebourg is a French politician, and a deputy of the fifth district of Saône-et-Loire to the French National Assembly for the Socialist Party. He has also been elected president of the local assembly of Saône et Loire after local elections in 2008...
, Alain Bashung
Alain Bashung
Alain Bashung was a French singer, songwriter and actor.- Youth :Alain Bashung was the son of a Breton factory worker and French Kabyle father, whom he never knew. His mother remarried, and at the age of one, Bashung was sent to Strasbourg to live with his new stepfather's parents...
, Dany Boon
Dany Boon
Dany Boon is a French comedian who has acted both on the stage and the screen. He takes his stage name from the television show Daniel Boone.-Life and career:...
have Maghrebi ancestry.
Below is a table of population of Maghrebi origin in France, numbers are in thousands:
| Country | 1999 | 2005 | % 1999/2005 | % French population (60.7 millions in 2005) |
| Algeria | 1,577 | 1,865 | 3.1% | |
| Immigrants | 574 | 679 | ||
| Born in France | 1,003 | 1,186 | ||
| Morocco | 1,005 | 1,201 | 2.0% | |
| Immigrants | 523 | 625 | ||
| Born in France | 482 | 576 | ||
| Tunisia | 417 | 458 | 0.8% | |
| Immigrants | 202 | 222 | ||
| Born in France | 215 | 236 | ||
| Total Maghreb | 2,999 | 3,524 | 5.8% | |
| Immigrants | 1 299 | 1 526 | 2.5% | |
| Born in France | 1 700 | 1 998 | 3.3% | |
In 2005, the percentage of young people under 18 of maghrebi origin (at least one immigrant parent) were about 7% in Metropolitan France
Metropolitan France
Metropolitan France is the part of France located in Europe. It can also be described as mainland France or as the French mainland and the island of Corsica...
, 12% in Greater Paris
Île-de-France (région)
Île-de-France is the wealthiest and most populated of the twenty-two administrative regions of France, composed mostly of the Paris metropolitan area....
, 13% in Lyon
Lyon
Lyon , is a city in east-central France in the Rhône-Alpes region, situated between Paris and Marseille. Lyon is located at from Paris, from Marseille, from Geneva, from Turin, and from Barcelona. The residents of the city are called Lyonnais....
, 21% in Perpignan
Perpignan
-Sport:Perpignan is a rugby stronghold: their rugby union side, USA Perpignan, is a regular competitor in the Heineken Cup and seven times champion of the Top 14 , while their rugby league side plays in the engage Super League under the name Catalans Dragons.-Culture:Since 2004, every year in the...
, 22% in French département of Seine-Saint-Denis
Seine-Saint-Denis
- Culture :A number of hip hop artists come from the Seine-Saint-Denis, including one of the first major hip-hop groups in France, NTM, as well as Lord Kossity, or more recent acts such as Tandem or Sefyu.- Miscellaneous topics :...
, 37% in 18th arrondissement of Paris and 40% in several arrondissements of Marseilles.
According to other sources between 5 and 6 million people of Maghrebin origin live in France corresponding to about 7-9% of the total French metropolitan population.
Irregular Immigration
Illegal immigrationIllegal immigration
Illegal immigration is the migration into a nation in violation of the immigration laws of that jurisdiction. Illegal immigration raises many political, economical and social issues and has become a source of major controversy in developed countries and the more successful developing countries.In...
developed as immigration policy became more rigid. In 2006, The French Ministry of the Interior estimated clandestine immigrants ("sans-papiers ") in France amounted to anywhere between 200.000 and 400.000, also expecting between 80.000 and 100.000 people to enter the country illegally each year.
Citizenship
Children born in France to foreign parents are automatically granted French citizenship upon reaching the age of 18. People born abroad and living in France can acquire French citizenship if they satisfy certain conditions. In 2009 the number of naturalised persons was 135,000, mainly from Maghreb (41.2%).| Naturalisations by origin | 2000 | 2005 | 2009 | % Total 2009 |
| Africa | 84 182 | 98 453 | 85 144 | 62.7 |
| Maghreb | 68 185 | 75 224 | 56 024 | 41.2 |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 10 622 | 15 624 | 22 214 | 16.4 |
| Other Africa | 5 375 | 7 605 | 6 906 | 5.1 |
| Asia | 27 941 | 26 286 | 19 494 | 14.4 |
| South-East Asia | 7 265 | 4 069 | 2 475 | 1.8 |
| East Asia | 1 139 | 1 280 | 1 622 | 1.2 |
| South Asia | 4 246 | 4 436 | 3 660 | 2.7 |
| Other Asia | 15 291 | 16 501 | 11 737 | 8.6 |
| Europe (not including CIS ) | 22 085 | 18 072 | 14 753 | 10.9 |
| CIS | 1 181 | 2 108 | 4 704 | 3.5 |
| CIS Commonwealth of Independent States The Commonwealth of Independent States is a regional organization whose participating countries are former Soviet Republics, formed during the breakup of the Soviet Union.... (Europe) |
1 000 | 1 535 | 4 454 | 3.3 |
| CIS (Asia) | 181 | 573 | 250 | 0.2 |
| America | 5 668 | 6 352 | 6 677 | 4.9 |
| North America | 1 048 | 854 | 747 | 0.5 |
| South and Cental America | 4 620 | 5 498 | 5 930 | 4.4 |
| Oceania | 87 | 127 | 108 | 0.1 |
| Others | 8 882 | 3 245 | 4 962 | 3.7 |
| Total | 150 026 | 154 643 | 135 842 | 100 |
Comparison with other countries from European Union
According to EurostatEurostat
Eurostat is a Directorate-General of the European Commission located in Luxembourg. Its main responsibilities are to provide the European Union with statistical information at European level and to promote the integration of statistical methods across the Member States of the European Union,...
47.3 million people lived in the European Union
European Union
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
in 2010 who were born outside their resident country. This corresponds to 9.4% of the total EU population. Of these, 31.4 million (6.3%) were born outside the EU and 16.0 million (3.2%) were born in another EU member state. The largest absolute numbers of people born outside the EU were in Germany (6.4 million), France (5.1 million), the United Kingdom (4.7 million), Spain (4.1 million), Italy (3.2 million), and the Netherlands (1.4 million). Regarding France, the number of immigrants reported by Eurostat (7,1 million) is higher than the one reported by Insee (5,3 million) because Insee only reports as immigrants people who were born abroad as foreign citizens.
| Country | Total population (1000) | Total Foreign-born (1000) | % | Born in other EU state (1000) | % | Born in a non EU state (1000) | % |
| EU 27 | 501'098 | 47'348 | 9.4 | 15'980 | 3.2 | 31'368 | 6.3 |
| Germany Germany Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate... |
81'802 | 9'812 | 12.0 | 3'396 | 4.2 | 6'415 | 7.8 |
| France | 64'716 | 7'196 | 11.1 | 2'118 | 3.3 | 5'078 | 7.8 |
| United Kingdom United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages... |
62'008 | 7'012 | 11.3 | 2'245 | 3.6 | 4'767 | 7.7 |
| Spain Spain Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula... |
45'989 | 6'422 | 14.0 | 2'328 | 5.1 | 4'094 | 8.9 |
| Italy Italy Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and... |
60'340 | 4'798 | 8.0 | 1'592 | 2.6 | 3'205 | 5.3 |
| Netherlands Netherlands The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders... |
16'575 | 1'832 | 11.1 | 428 | 2.6 | 1'404 | 8.5 |
| Greece Greece Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe.... |
11'305 | 1'256 | 11.1 | 315 | 2.8 | 940 | 8.3 |
| Sweden Sweden Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.... |
9'340 | 1'337 | 14.3 | 477 | 5.1 | 859 | 9.2 |
| Austria Austria Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the... |
8'367 | 1'276 | 15.2 | 512 | 6.1 | 764 | 9.1 |
| Belgium Belgium Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many... (2007) |
10'666 | 1'380 | 12.9 | 695 | 6.5 | 685 | 6.4 |
| Portugal Portugal Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the... |
10'637 | 793 | 7.5 | 191 | 1.8 | 602 | 5.7 |
| Denmark Denmark Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark... |
5'534 | 500 | 9.0 | 152 | 2.8 | 348 | 6.3 |
External links
- Foreigners - Immigrants, INSEEINSEEINSEE is the French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies. It collects and publishes information on the French economy and society, carrying out the periodic national census. Located in Paris, it is the French branch of Eurostat, European Statistical System...
- Les immigrés en France, Autorité de la statistique publique, 2011
- Focus-Migration: France 2005