English Cemetery, Naples
Encyclopedia
The English Cemetery, Il Cimitero degli Inglesi, or more correctly, Il Cimitero acattolico di Santa Maria delle Fede, is located near Piazza Garibaldi, Naples
Naples
Naples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...

, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...

. It was the final resting place of many Swiss, Germans
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

, Americans, Irish
Ireland
Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...

 and English
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...

 who lived in Naples, were passing through on the Grand Tour
Grand Tour
The Grand Tour was the traditional trip of Europe undertaken by mainly upper-class European young men of means. The custom flourished from about 1660 until the advent of large-scale rail transit in the 1840s, and was associated with a standard itinerary. It served as an educational rite of passage...

, or were merchants or seamen.

History

In 1826, the British Consul, Sir Henry Lushington, bought land within the gardens of the church of Santa Maria della Fede for a Protestant cemetery. The cemetery was the burial place of the (mainly foreign) Protestants who died in Naples, although people of other religions ended up here as well. It was a unique memorial to the foreigners who formed part of the commercial elite of Naples at that time.

The cemetery was closed for burials in 1893 and its maintenance given over to the British consulate. Over the following half-century what was once a romantic memory of the bourgeoisie
Bourgeoisie
In sociology and political science, bourgeoisie describes a range of groups across history. In the Western world, between the late 18th century and the present day, the bourgeoisie is a social class "characterized by their ownership of capital and their related culture." A member of the...

 of 18th-century Naples was scandalously allowed to fall into disrepair. Statues were vandalized and stolen and the entire cemetery became overgrown with weeds and vegetation. At the end of the 1950s the cemetery was donated to the Commune of Naples and a plan was drawn up for the re-utilization of the area. This foresaw the conversion of the cemetery into a public park, retaining some of the memorials as a reminder of the history of the cemetery and those interred in it. However, while most of the remaining land area of the cemetery was retained, only a fraction of the memorials were renovated and preserved, and the original ambience was almost obliterated in the construction of the public park.

Since its re-opening as a park in the early 1990s, some of the remaining memorials have been vandalized.

Burials and inscriptions

When the cemetery was given by the British Consulate to the City of Naples the area was made over as a park. Most of the graves were transferred to the main municipal cemetery of Poggioreale. However, records remain of those who were buried here in the 19th century, along with some inscriptions.

Notable burials

Mary Somerville
Mary Somerville
Mary Fairfax Somerville was a Scottish science writer and polymath, at a time when women's participation in science was discouraged...

 (née Fairfax) was a noted Scottish
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...

 mathematician and theoretical astronomer of the nineteenth century. In the 1850s she and her husband came to Italy. Her husband died in 1860 in Florence
Florence
Florence is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany and of the province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with approximately 370,000 inhabitants, expanding to over 1.5 million in the metropolitan area....

 and she moved to Naples. She experienced the 1872 eruption of Vesuvius in Naples, and died a few months later at the age of 92. Also buried in that grave are her daughters Martha, died 1879 and Mary, died 1875. Her memorial statue was the work of Francesco Jerace (1854–1937)

Dionysius Lardner
Dionysius Lardner
Dionysius Lardner , was an Irish scientific writer who popularised science and technology, and edited the 133-volume Cabinet Cyclopedia.-Early life in Dublin:...

 was one of the most popular scientific writers of the 19th century. He was born in Dublin, Ireland. His Cabinet Cyclopaedia appeared in 1830 and was completed in 135 volumes in 1844. He was resident in Paris until shortly before his death, when he came to Naples and died there on 29 April 1859.

Davide Vonwiller (or Von Willer) was an industrialist from St. Gall in Switzerland. Through the textile business he became one of the richest inhabitants of the city. In the early 19th century Naples became the principal supplier to the Swiss, German and French textile industries, as a result of which many textile workers came from these countries to Naples. Also, the silk and cotton industries of Switzerland had been badly damaged by the blockage against Napoleon, and many entrepreneurs saw Naples as a way out of their predicament.

Anton Sminck van Pitloo (Arnhem 1790 - Naples 1837) was an influential Dutch painter who was invited to Naples in 1815 by a Russian diplomat. He was the originator of the Posillipo School in painting. He died during a cholera epidemic.

Le Normand Brabazon, born 18 May 1839 and died 7 August 1844, eldest son of William, Lord Brabazon, 11th Earl of Meath
Earl of Meath
Earl of Meath is a title in the Peerage of Ireland created in 1627 and held by the head of the Brabazon family. This family descends from Sir Edward Brabazon, who represented County Wicklow in the Irish House of Commons and served as High Sheriff of Staffordshire in 1606. In 1616 he was raised to...

, Ireland, (1803-1898) and his wife Harriot Brooke. The Earl's second son became the 12th Earl.

Maria (Mary) Beauclerk Countess of Coventry, born 30 March 1791 and died 11 September 1845, daughter of Aubrey Beauclerk, 6th Duke of St Albans
Aubrey Beauclerk, 6th Duke of St Albans
Aubrey Beauclerk, 6th Duke of St Albans was the son of Aubrey Beauclerk, 5th Duke of St Albans.He married, firstly, Jane Moses , on 9 July 1788...

. She was the second wife of George Coventry, 8th Earl of Coventry
George Coventry, 8th Earl of Coventry
George William Coventry, 8th Earl of Coventry , known as Viscount Deerhurst from 1809 to 1831, was a British peer and Tory Member of Parliament....

, with whom she eloped to Scotland in 1811. Shortly after their marriage she had affairs with two of George's younger brothers, amongst others.

William Gell
William Gell
Sir William Gell was an English classical archaeologist and illustrator.-Life:Born at Hopton in Derbyshire, the son of Philip Gell and Dorothy Milnes...

 (1777–1836) was an English archaeologist, traveller and writer. He was a friend of the Irish archaeologist Edward Dodwell
Edward Dodwell
Edward Dodwell was an Irish painter, traveller and a writer on archaeology.Dodwell was born in Ireland and belonged to the same family as Henry Dodwell, the theologian, and was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge....

 and also of Keppel Richard Craven, with whom he lived towards the end of his life.

Keppel Richard Craven
Keppel Richard Craven
Hon. Keppel Richard Craven was a British traveller and dilettante.Craven was the third and youngest son of William Craven and Lady Elizabeth Berkeley, daughter of the 4th Earl of Berkeley...

 (1779-1851) was an English traveller and dilettante and long-time friend of William Gell. Son of Elizabeth Craven and friend of Lady Blessington. In 1834 he bought a convent near Salerno
Salerno
Salerno is a city and comune in Campania and is the capital of the province of the same name. It is located on the Gulf of Salerno on the Tyrrhenian Sea....

 where he generously entertained his friends and visitors.

Elizabeth Craven
Elizabeth Craven
Elizabeth Craven , Princess Berkeley , previously "Lady Craven" of Hamstead Marshall, was an author, playwright, traveller, and socialite, perhaps best known for her travelogues...

, Princess Berkeley and Margravine of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1750-1828) was an English socialite, playwright and travel writer. Twice married, she resided with her second husband, the Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
Christian Frederick Charles Alexander, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
Christian Frederick Charles Alexander was the last Margrave of the two Franconian principalities Brandenburg-Ansbach and Brandenburg-Bayreuth, which he sold to the King of Prussia, a fellow member of the House of Hohenzollern.-Life:His parents were Charles William...

 at Craven Villa in Posillipo
Posillipo
Posillipo is a residential quarter of Naples, southern Italy, located along the northern coast of the Gulf of Naples; it is called Pusilleco in the Neapolitan language.-Geography:...

.

Edward Arthur Butler, died 7 November 1829. The son of Frances Mauleverer
and Colonel the Hon. Henry Edward Butler (1780-1856, second son of Henry Butler, 2nd Earl of Carrick
Henry Butler, 2nd Earl of Carrick
Henry Thomas Butler, 2nd Earl of Carrick , styled The Honourable from birth to 1748 and then as Viscount Ikerrin between 1748 and 1774 , was an Irish peer and politician....

). Edward was born at Carrick on Shannon, Leitrim
County Leitrim
County Leitrim is a county in Ireland. It is located in the West Region and is also part of the province of Connacht. It is named after the village of Leitrim. Leitrim County Council is the local authority for the county...

, Ireland. His father served in Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...

 and in the Peninsular War
Peninsular War
The Peninsular War was a war between France and the allied powers of Spain, the United Kingdom, and Portugal for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars. The war began when French and Spanish armies crossed Spain and invaded Portugal in 1807. Then, in 1808, France turned on its...

.

Lady Eleanor Butler (daughter of John Butler, 17th Earl of Ormonde
John Butler, 17th Earl of Ormonde
John Butler, 17th Earl of Ormonde and 10th Earl of Ossory was an Irish peer and Member of Parliament . He represented Gowran between 1776 and 1783, and Kilkenny City between 1783 and 1792...

 and Lady Frances Susan Elizabeth Wandesford), died 27 September 1859, at Sorrento
Sorrento
Sorrento is the name of many cities and towns:*Sorrento, Italy*Sorrento, Florida, United States*Sorrento, Louisiana, United States*Sorrento, Maine, United States*Sorrento, Victoria, a township on the Mornington Peninsula, Victoria, Australia...

.

Francis John Bateman-Dashwood, English nobleman, died 14 September 1861, is commemorated with an obelisk, the work of Francesco Jerace, who also designed two of the statues in the cemetery.

Friedrich Dehnhardt, German Botanist, was the director of the Botanical Gardens
Botanical Garden of Naples
The Botanical Garden of Naples, Italy is a research facility of the University of Naples Federico II....

. He decorated the Villa Floridiana
Villa Floridiana
The Villa Floridiana is a large park in the Vomero quarert in Naples, southern Italy. It is overlooks the western Neapolitan suburbs of Chiaia and Mergellina....

 in 1817, among other buildings in Naples.

Felice Zerman was a Swiss Consul-General in Naples.

Graves of people killed in Naples

Thomas Welch Hunt, died Friday 3 December 1824, aged 28 years. From Wadenhoe
Wadenhoe
Wadenhoe is a village and civil parish in East Northamptonshire. Part of the civil parish of Pilton, Stoke Doyle and Wadenhoe, it is on the River Nene, approximately 4 miles from Thrapston and 10 miles from Kettering. The Nene Way long distance footpath passes through the village...

, Northants, he had been married ten months to Caroline Isham (23) and they were shot by brigands when on an excursion to Paestum
Paestum
Paestum is the classical Roman name of a major Graeco-Roman city in the Campania region of Italy. It is located in the north of Cilento, near the coast about 85 km SE of Naples in the province of Salerno, and belongs to the commune of Capaccio, officially also named...

, on 3 December. The bullet went through both the husband and the wife who died two days later. There is a plaque to them in Christ Church, the Anglican church in Naples, as well as in their local church in Wadenhoe.

Henry Rodefeldt, born in Germany, and died February 1852, aged 28 years. His headstone was erected by the Marine Officers and Guard of the United States Razee Independence. He was murdered in Naples while on liberty between the 6 and 23 February.

Henry Hind, died 1 March 1875. The son of Maria and James Hind, born 28 April 1834, he was murdered in Naples. He had been a British officer but gave up his commission to follow Garibaldi to Naples and Sicily. He had started a flower business, and was found murdered and thrown in a well. His gardener was arrested.

Others buried in the cemetery

Among the British buried here were seven members of the crew of HMS Hannibal
HMS Hannibal (1854)
HMS Hannibal was originally planned as a 90-gun second rate ship of the line, to be built at Woolwich Dockyard. She was ordered on 14 May 1840, but cancelled and re-ordered. This ship was also named HMS Hannibal, and utilised the new screw propulsion technology. She was a 91-gun second rate,...

, which was used to transport Garibaldi's soldiers. The ship arrived in Naples in July 1860. In November a smallpox epidemic broke out, and in ten days the British admiral reported that ninety men had caught the disease, including himself. Most survived, including the admiral. A memorial was erected by the crew of HMS Hannibal in memory of their shipmates

John Connellan Deane was the son of the prominent architect Thomas Deane
Thomas Deane
Sir Thomas Deane was an Irish architect. He was the father of Sir Thomas Newenham Deane, and grandfather of Sir Thomas Manly Deane, who were also architects.-Life:...

, from Ummera, County Cork
County Cork
County Cork is a county in Ireland. It is located in the South-West Region and is also part of the province of Munster. It is named after the city of Cork . Cork County Council is the local authority for the county...

, Ireland
Ireland
Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...

. John was educated at Midleton College, Cork and matriculated in 1831 at Trinity College, Dublin
Trinity College, Dublin
Trinity College, Dublin , formally known as the College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin, was founded in 1592 by letters patent from Queen Elizabeth I as the "mother of a university", Extracts from Letters Patent of Elizabeth I, 1592: "...we...found and...

 at the age of sixteen. He trained for the bar at the King's Inn in Dublin and Gray's Inn in London. He died at Posillipo
Posillipo
Posillipo is a residential quarter of Naples, southern Italy, located along the northern coast of the Gulf of Naples; it is called Pusilleco in the Neapolitan language.-Geography:...

 on 24 February 1887, aged 71.

Emily Armit, died 28 June 1839, at La Cava
La Cava
La Cava is a musical with a book by Dana Broccoli, lyrics by John Claflin and Laurence O'Keefe, additional lyrics by Shaun McKenna and music by O'Keefe and Stephen Keeling....

. The youngest daughter of Mary and John Armit, late of Dublin. Mary Armit, died 16 December 1843, aged 81 years, the widow of John Armit and mother of Emily. The wife and daughter of John Armit, banker, of Dublin, who died in Dublin in 1835.

Charles Carroll Bayard, died 19 February 1850, aged 21 years. A Midshipman in the United States Navy, his death was caused by a wound received on Mount Vesuvius
Mount Vesuvius
Mount Vesuvius is a stratovolcano in the Gulf of Naples, Italy, about east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is the only volcano on the European mainland to have erupted within the last hundred years, although it is not currently erupting...

 during the eruption of the night of 9 February 1850.

John Donnelly, born 2 March 1811 and died 22 February 1850. Former Captain, 9th Regiment. The second son of Admiral Sir Ross Donnelly.

Agnes Jane Ross Foley, died 25 January 1890. The wife of Nelson Foley, of Tourtane, Lismore
Lismore, County Waterford
Lismore is a town in County Waterford, Ireland. It is located where the N72 road crosses the River Blackwater.-History:It was founded by Saint Mochuda, also known as Saint Carthage. In the 7th century, Lismore was the site of the well-known Lismore Abbey. It is also home to Lismore Castle, the...

, Ireland. The ancestors of Arthur Conan Doyle
Arthur Conan Doyle
Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle DL was a Scottish physician and writer, most noted for his stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes, generally considered a milestone in the field of crime fiction, and for the adventures of Professor Challenger...

, the Foley's, came from here - probably distant relatives.

Thomas Gallwey, whose family came from Killarney
Killarney
Killarney is a town in County Kerry, southwestern Ireland. The town is located north of the MacGillicuddy Reeks, on the northeastern shore of the Lough Lein/Leane which are part of Killarney National Park. The town and its surrounding region are home to St...

, Ireland, died 21 December 1858, aged 68 years. Captain, Royal Navy, and for 24 years the British Consul at Naples.

Isabella Hayes, née Barnard, died 12 June 1832, aged 54 years. The daughter of Dr. Henry Barnard of Banbrook, Coleraine
Coleraine
Coleraine is a large town near the mouth of the River Bann in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It is northwest of Belfast and east of Derry, both of which are linked by major roads and railway connections...

, Ireland and the wife of Henry Horace Hayes, clerk, of Northstoke, Somerset
Somerset
The ceremonial and non-metropolitan county of Somerset in South West England borders Bristol and Gloucestershire to the north, Wiltshire to the east, Dorset to the south-east, and Devon to the south-west. It is partly bounded to the north and west by the Bristol Channel and the estuary of the...

.

William John Johnston, died 25 February 1837, aged 26 years, from Magheramena, County Fermanagh
County Fermanagh
Fermanagh District Council is the only one of the 26 district councils in Northern Ireland that contains all of the county it is named after. The district council also contains a small section of County Tyrone in the Dromore and Kilskeery road areas....

, Ireland.

Letitia Macartney, died 19 September 1854, from cholera, at Portici
Portici
Portici is a town and comune of the Province of Naples in the Campania region of southern Italy. It is the site of the Portici Royal Palace.-Geography:...

. The fourth daughter of Arthur Chichester Macartney, of County Down
County Down
-Cities:*Belfast *Newry -Large towns:*Dundonald*Newtownards*Bangor-Medium towns:...

, Ireland. Anne Macartney, died 24 August 1855, aged 60 years. Sister of Letitia Macartney. All three sisters in the same grave. Matilda Macartney, died 15 December 1857, aged 50 years. Sister of Letitia and
Anne Macartney.

St.Clair Kelburn Mulholland, died 11 April 1861, aged 20 years, at Sorrento
Sorrento
Sorrento is the name of many cities and towns:*Sorrento, Italy*Sorrento, Florida, United States*Sorrento, Louisiana, United States*Sorrento, Maine, United States*Sorrento, Victoria, a township on the Mornington Peninsula, Victoria, Australia...

. The only son of S.K. Mulholland, of Eglantine, Hillsborough, County Down
Hillsborough, County Down
Hillsborough is a village and townland in County Down, Northern Ireland, situated from the city of Belfast. It is within the Lisburn City Council area....

, Ireland. He had always been delicate, and went to Italy for his health. A church was built in his memory in Hillsborough.

Charles O’Reilly, died 12 April 1849, aged 69 years, a surgeon, resident in Naples for 36 years. Emily Winter O’Reilly, died 9 June 1851, aged 72 years, the widow of Charles O’Reilly. Their daughter Lydia also died in Naples, in 1895.

Maria Pattison, née Gregg, died 7 October 1870. The daughter of J.W.
Gregg of Dublin and the wife of Thomas T. Pattison. Same grave as Emily A. Pattison. The Pattison family were engineers and shipbuilders in Naples.

Reverend Angelo Power, died 9 May 1843. A native of Ireland and a Roman Catholic priest, he was on his way from Naples to Rome, when he burst a blood vessel from violent seasickness. His memorial was erected by the Reverend J.N. Palmer, of St John's College, Oxford
St John's College, Oxford
__FORCETOC__St John's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford, one of the larger Oxford colleges with approximately 390 undergraduates, 200 postgraduates and over 100 academic staff. It was founded by Sir Thomas White, a merchant, in 1555, whose heart is buried in the chapel of...

, who also arranged the funeral.

Nina Radice, died 23 August 1866, aged 25 years, after 48 hours illness. Born in Monkstown, Ireland, 24 April 1841, the daughter of Colonel Evasio Radice, of the Sardinian Army and Maria Hutton his wife. Evasio had taught at Trinity College, Dublin
Trinity College, Dublin
Trinity College, Dublin , formally known as the College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin, was founded in 1592 by letters patent from Queen Elizabeth I as the "mother of a university", Extracts from Letters Patent of Elizabeth I, 1592: "...we...found and...

.

Lizzie Strangman, died 17 April 1881. The wife of J.P. Strangman, of County Waterford
County Waterford
*Abbeyside, Affane, Aglish, Annestown, An Rinn, Ardmore*Ballinacourty, Ballinameela, Ballinamult, Ballinroad, Ballybeg, Ballybricken, Ballyduff Lower, Ballyduff Upper, Ballydurn, Ballygunner, Ballylaneen, Ballymacarbry, Ballymacart, Ballynaneashagh, Ballysaggart, Ballytruckle, Bilberry, Bunmahon,...

, Ireland.

Jane Taggart, died 31 January 1842, aged 22 years. The daughter of Mary and the late Alexander Taggart, of Knocknaconey, County Down
County Down
-Cities:*Belfast *Newry -Large towns:*Dundonald*Newtownards*Bangor-Medium towns:...

, Ireland.

The following were also buried here: Emma d'Abbey, Charlotte Maxwell, James Close, Charlotte Lovelace, Gerald Vanneck, Marie Christine Berner.

External links

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