Demographics of Poland
Encyclopedia
The Demographics of Poland is about the demographic
features of the population
of Poland
, including population density
, ethnicity
, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
According to the estimates of Polish Central Statistical Office
(GUS), at the end of 2007 Poland had a population of 38,115,000, which translates into average population density of 122 people/km² (urban 1105 per 1 km², rural 50 per 1 km²). 61.5% of Polish population lives in the urban areas, a number which is slowly diminishing. Poland is the 33rd most populous country in the world (9th in Europe, with 5.4% of European population). Total population of Poland is almost stagnant (population growth
was 0,08%). Average life expectancy was 70.5 for men and 78.9 for women. In 2009 it is expected to be 73.1 for men and 79.5 for women. Population distribution is uneven. From ethnic perspective, Poland is very homogeneous, with 96.7% of population being Polish.
A number of censuses have assessed this data, including a national census in 2002, and a survey by the Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights (HFHR), which confirmed there are numerous autochthonous
ethnic groups in Poland. Estimates by INTEREG and Eurominority present a similar demographics picture of Poland but they provide estimates only for the most numerous of the autochthonous ethnic groups.
s were accompanied by two waves of forced migrations ordered by joint Polish and Soviet
authorities, who wished to remove the sizable Polish minorities from Lithuania
, Belarus
and Ukraine
, deport Ukrainians back to USSR and expel the Germans from lands ceded to Poland after the Yalta Conference
.
claim Polish nationality
, and 97.8% declare that they speak Polish
at home (Census 2002).
Population numbers by database>
Area
ESPON
Eurostat
LUZ
Ministry of Regional Development
United Nations
Demographia.com
Citypopulation.de
Scientific study by T. Markowski
Scientific study by Swianiewicz, Klimska
Katowice
(Katowice urban area
)
3,029,000(5,294,000)
2,710,397
3,239,200
3,069,000
2,500,000
2,775,000
2,746,000
2,733,000
Warsaw
2,785,000
2,660,406
2,680,600
2,194,000
2,030,000
2,375,000
2,631,900
2,504,000
Kraków
1,236,000
1,264,322
1,227,200
818,000
750,000
Not listed
1,257,500
1,367,000
Łódź
1,165,000
1,163,516
1,061,600
974,000
950,000
1,060,000
1,178,000
1,129,000
Gdańsk
993,000
1,105,203
1,220,800
854,000
775,000
No data
1,098,400
1,210,000
Poznań
919,000
1,018,511
1,227,200
No data
600,000
No data
1,011,200
846,000
Wrocław
861,000
1,031,439
1,136,900
No data
700,000
No data
1,029,800
956,000
Szczecin
721,000
878,314
724,700
No data
500,000
No data
No data
755,806
, and Armenia
.
15–64 years: 71.7% (male 13,725,939/female 13,863,103)
65 years and over: 13.5% (male 1,971,763/female 3,202,131) (2010 est.)
1.061 male(s)/female
under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female
15–64 years:
0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over:
0.62 male(s)/female
total population:
0.94 male(s)/female (2010 est.)
male: 7.38 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2010 est.)
male: 71.88 years
female: 80.06 years (2010 est.)
The 2008 est. was 1.39, with 1.30 for urban areas and 1.53 for rural areas. The 2008 total fertility rate of 1.39 is a significant improvement over 1.31 in 2007.
152.897 Ukrainians
- 150.000 Belarusians
- 47.640 Vietnamese
- 40.000 Armenians
- 20.858 Russians
(including Chechens) - 12.550 Chinese
- 8.016 Arabs - 4.072 Indians
- 2.094
age 15 and over can read and write
total population:
99.8%
male:
99.8%
female:
99.7% (2003 est.)
Demographics
Demographics are the most recent statistical characteristics of a population. These types of data are used widely in sociology , public policy, and marketing. Commonly examined demographics include gender, race, age, disabilities, mobility, home ownership, employment status, and even location...
features of the population
Population
A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals...
of Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, including population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
, ethnicity
Ethnic group
An ethnic group is a group of people whose members identify with each other, through a common heritage, often consisting of a common language, a common culture and/or an ideology that stresses common ancestry or endogamy...
, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.
According to the estimates of Polish Central Statistical Office
Central Statistical Office
Central Statistical Offices:*Central Statistical Office *Central Statistical Office *Central Statistics Office *Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia...
(GUS), at the end of 2007 Poland had a population of 38,115,000, which translates into average population density of 122 people/km² (urban 1105 per 1 km², rural 50 per 1 km²). 61.5% of Polish population lives in the urban areas, a number which is slowly diminishing. Poland is the 33rd most populous country in the world (9th in Europe, with 5.4% of European population). Total population of Poland is almost stagnant (population growth
Population growth
Population growth is the change in a population over time, and can be quantified as the change in the number of individuals of any species in a population using "per unit time" for measurement....
was 0,08%). Average life expectancy was 70.5 for men and 78.9 for women. In 2009 it is expected to be 73.1 for men and 79.5 for women. Population distribution is uneven. From ethnic perspective, Poland is very homogeneous, with 96.7% of population being Polish.
Indigenous peoples
Indigenous peoples are ethnic groups that are defined as indigenous according to one of the various definitions of the term, there is no universally accepted definition but most of which carry connotations of being the "original inhabitants" of a territory....
ethnic groups in Poland. Estimates by INTEREG and Eurominority present a similar demographics picture of Poland but they provide estimates only for the most numerous of the autochthonous ethnic groups.
Historical population
For many centuries, until the end of Second World War, the Polish population was composed of many significant ethnic minorities. The population of Poland decreased due to the losses sustained during World War II, and became one of the most ethnically homogeneous in Europe as a result of radically altered borders after the war. The subsequent repatriationRepatriation
Repatriation is the process of returning a person back to one's place of origin or citizenship. This includes the process of returning refugees or soldiers to their place of origin following a war...
s were accompanied by two waves of forced migrations ordered by joint Polish and Soviet
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
authorities, who wished to remove the sizable Polish minorities from Lithuania
Lithuania
Lithuania , officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country in Northern Europe, the biggest of the three Baltic states. It is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, whereby to the west lie Sweden and Denmark...
, Belarus
Belarus
Belarus , officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered clockwise by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital is Minsk; other major cities include Brest, Grodno , Gomel ,...
and Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
, deport Ukrainians back to USSR and expel the Germans from lands ceded to Poland after the Yalta Conference
Yalta Conference
The Yalta Conference, sometimes called the Crimea Conference and codenamed the Argonaut Conference, held February 4–11, 1945, was the wartime meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union, represented by President Franklin D...
.
Before WW II
| Average population (x 1000) | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1921 | 27 150 | 890 000 | 568 000 | 322 000 | 32.8 | 20.9 | 11.9 |
| 1922 | 27 860 | 983 000 | 555 000 | 428 000 | 35.3 | 19.9 | 15.4 |
| 1923 | 28 210 | 1015 000 | 494 000 | 521 000 | 36.0 | 17.5 | 18.5 |
| 1924 | 28 550 | 1000 000 | 519 000 | 481 000 | 35.0 | 18.2 | 16.8 |
| 1925 | 29 290 | 1037 000 | 492 000 | 545 000 | 35.4 | 16.8 | 18.6 |
| 1926 | 29 900 | 989 000 | 533 000 | 456 000 | 33.1 | 17.8 | 15.3 |
| 1927 | 30 330 | 958 000 | 525 000 | 433 000 | 31.6 | 17.3 | 14.3 |
| 1928 | 30 760 | 984 000 | 505 000 | 479 000 | 32.0 | 16.4 | 15.6 |
| 1929 | 31 090 | 988 000 | 520 000 | 468 000 | 31.8 | 16.7 | 15.1 |
| 1930 | 31 440 | 1016 000 | 490 000 | 526 000 | 32.3 | 15.6 | 16.7 |
| 1931 | 31 970 | 966 000 | 495 000 | 471 000 | 30.2 | 15.5 | 14.7 |
| 1932 | 32 383 | 932 000 | 487 000 | 445 000 | 28.9 | 15.0 | 13.9 |
| 1933 | 32 810 | 869 000 | 466 000 | 403 000 | 26.5 | 14.2 | 12.3 |
| 1934 | 33 201 | 881 615 | 479 684 | 401 931 | 26.6 | 14.4 | 12.1 |
| 1935 | 33 601 | 876 667 | 470 998 | 405 669 | 26.1 | 14.0 | 12.1 |
| 1936 | 34 002 | 892 320 | 482 633 | 409 687 | 26.2 | 14.2 | 12.0 |
| 1937 | 34 359 | 856 064 | 481 594 | 374 470 | 24.9 | 14.0 | 10.9 |
| 1938 | 34 923 | 849 873 | 479 602 | 370 271 | 24.3 | 13.7 | 10.6 |
After WW II
| Average population (x 1000) | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1946 | 23 777 | 570 000 | 335 000 | 235 000 | 24.0 | 14.1 | 9.9 |
| 1947 | 23 970 | 630 000 | 271 000 | 359 000 | 26.3 | 11.3 | 15.0 |
| 1948 | 23 980 | 704 772 | 268 000 | 436 772 | 29.4 | 11.2 | 18.2 |
| 1949 | 24 410 | 725 061 | 284 000 | 441 061 | 29.7 | 11.6 | 18.1 |
| 1950 | 24 824 | 763 108 | 288 685 | 474 423 | 30.7 | 11.6 | 19.1 |
| 1951 | 25 271 | 783 597 | 312 314 | 471 283 | 31.0 | 12.4 | 18.6 |
| 1952 | 25 753 | 778 962 | 286 730 | 492 232 | 30.2 | 11.1 | 19.1 |
| 1953 | 26 255 | 779 000 | 266 527 | 512 473 | 29.7 | 10.2 | 19.5 |
| 1954 | 26 761 | 778 054 | 276 406 | 501 648 | 29.1 | 10.3 | 18.7 |
| 1955 | 27 281 | 793 847 | 261 576 | 532 271 | 29.1 | 9.6 | 19.5 |
| 1956 | 27 815 | 779 835 | 249 606 | 530 229 | 28.0 | 9.0 | 19.1 |
| 1957 | 28 310 | 782 319 | 269 137 | 513 182 | 27.6 | 9.5 | 18.1 |
| 1958 | 28 770 | 752 600 | 241 435 | 511 165 | 26.2 | 8.4 | 17.8 |
| 1959 | 29 240 | 722 928 | 252 430 | 470 498 | 24.7 | 8.6 | 16.1 |
| 1960 | 29 561 | 669 485 | 224 167 | 445 318 | 22.6 | 7.6 | 15.1 |
| 1961 | 29 965 | 627 624 | 227 759 | 399 865 | 20.9 | 7.6 | 13.3 |
| 1962 | 30 324 | 599 505 | 239 199 | 360 306 | 19.8 | 7.9 | 11.9 |
| 1963 | 30 691 | 588 235 | 230 072 | 358 163 | 19.2 | 7.5 | 11.7 |
| 1964 | 31 161 | 562 855 | 235 919 | 326 936 | 18.1 | 7.6 | 10.5 |
| 1965 | 31 496 | 546 362 | 232 421 | 313 941 | 17.3 | 7.4 | 10.0 |
| 1966 | 31 698 | 530 307 | 232 945 | 297 362 | 16.7 | 7.3 | 9.4 |
| 1967 | 31 944 | 520 383 | 247 705 | 272 678 | 16.3 | 7.8 | 8.5 |
| 1968 | 32 426 | 524 174 | 244 115 | 280 059 | 16.2 | 7.5 | 8.6 |
| 1969 | 32 555 | 531 135 | 262 823 | 268 312 | 16.3 | 8.1 | 8.2 |
| 1970 | 32 526 | 545 973 | 266 799 | 279 174 | 16.8 | 8.2 | 8.6 |
| 1971 | 32 805 | 562 341 | 283 702 | 278 639 | 17.1 | 8.6 | 8.5 |
| 1972 | 33 068 | 575 725 | 265 250 | 310 475 | 17.4 | 8.0 | 9.4 |
| 1973 | 33 363 | 598 559 | 277 188 | 321 371 | 17.9 | 8.3 | 9.6 |
| 1974 | 33 691 | 621 080 | 277 085 | 343 995 | 18.4 | 8.2 | 10.2 |
| 1975 | 34 022 | 643 772 | 296 896 | 346 876 | 18.9 | 8.7 | 10.2 |
| 1976 | 34 362 | 670 140 | 304 057 | 366 083 | 19.5 | 8.8 | 10.7 |
| 1977 | 34 698 | 662 582 | 312 956 | 349 626 | 19.1 | 9.0 | 10.1 |
| 1978 | 35 010 | 666 336 | 325 104 | 341 232 | 19.0 | 9.3 | 9.7 |
| 1979 | 35 257 | 688 293 | 323 048 | 365 245 | 19.5 | 9.2 | 10.4 |
| 1980 | 35 578 | 692 798 | 350 203 | 342 595 | 19.5 | 9.8 | 9.6 |
| 1981 | 35 902 | 678 696 | 328 923 | 349 773 | 18.9 | 9.2 | 9.7 |
| 1982 | 36 227 | 702 351 | 334 869 | 367 482 | 19.4 | 9.2 | 10.1 |
| 1983 | 36 571 | 720 756 | 349 388 | 371 368 | 19.7 | 9.6 | 10.2 |
| 1984 | 36 914 | 699 041 | 364 883 | 334 158 | 18.9 | 9.9 | 9.1 |
| 1985 | 37 203 | 677 576 | 381 458 | 296 118 | 18.2 | 10.3 | 8.0 |
| 1986 | 37 456 | 634 748 | 376 316 | 258 432 | 16.9 | 10.0 | 6.9 |
| 1987 | 37 664 | 605 492 | 378 365 | 227 127 | 16.1 | 10.0 | 6.0 |
| 1988 | 37 862 | 587 741 | 370 821 | 216 920 | 15.5 | 9.8 | 5.7 |
| 1989 | 37 963 | 562 530 | 381 173 | 181 357 | 14.8 | 10.0 | 4.8 |
| 1990 | 38 119 | 545 817 | 390 343 | 155 474 | 14.3 | 10.2 | 4.1 |
| 1991 | 38 245 | 547 719 | 405 716 | 142 003 | 14.3 | 10.6 | 3.7 |
| 1992 | 38 365 | 515 214 | 394 729 | 120 485 | 13.4 | 10.3 | 3.1 |
| 1993 | 38 459 | 494 310 | 392 259 | 102 051 | 12.9 | 10.2 | 2.7 |
| 1994 | 38 544 | 481 285 | 386 398 | 94 887 | 12.5 | 10.0 | 2.5 |
| 1995 | 38 588 | 443 109 | 386 084 | 57 025 | 11.5 | 10.0 | 1.5 |
| 1996 | 38 618 | 428 203 | 385 496 | 42 707 | 11.1 | 10.0 | 1.1 |
| 1997 | 38 650 | 412 635 | 380 201 | 32 434 | 10.7 | 9.8 | 0.8 |
| 1998 | 38 666 | 395 619 | 375 354 | 20 265 | 10.2 | 9.7 | 0.5 |
| 1999 | 38 654 | 382 002 | 381 415 | 587 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 0.0 |
| 2000 | 38 649 | 378 348 | 368 028 | 10 320 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 0.3 |
| 2001 | 38 248 | 368 205 | 363 220 | 4 985 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 0.1 |
| 2002 | 38 231 | 353 765 | 359 486 | -5 721 | 9.3 | 9.4 | -0.1 |
| 2003 | 38 205 | 351 072 | 365 230 | -14 158 | 9.2 | 9.6 | -0.4 |
| 2004 | 38 183 | 356 131 | 363 522 | -7 391 | 9.3 | 9.5 | -0.2 |
| 2005 | 38 166 | 364 383 | 368 285 | -3 902 | 9.5 | 9.6 | -0.1 |
| 2006 | 38 141 | 374 244 | 369 686 | 4 558 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 0.1 |
| 2007 | 38 121 | 387 873 | 377 226 | 10 647 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 0.3 |
| 2008 | 38 126 | 414 499 | 379 399 | 35 100 | 10.9 | 10.0 | 0.9 |
| 2009 | 38 152 | 417 600 | 384 900 | 32 700 | 10.9 | 10.1 | 0.9 |
| 2010 |
Nationalities
96.7% of the people of PolandPoland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
claim Polish nationality
Poles
thumb|right|180px|The state flag of [[Poland]] as used by Polish government and diplomatic authoritiesThe Polish people, or Poles , are a nation indigenous to Poland. They are united by the Polish language, which belongs to the historical Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages of Central Europe...
, and 97.8% declare that they speak Polish
Polish language
Polish is a language of the Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages, used throughout Poland and by Polish minorities in other countries...
at home (Census 2002).
Largest metropolitan and urban areas
Eurostat
Eurostat is a Directorate-General of the European Commission located in Luxembourg. Its main responsibilities are to provide the European Union with statistical information at European level and to promote the integration of statistical methods across the Member States of the European Union,...
LUZ
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
Katowice
Katowice is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, on the Kłodnica and Rawa rivers . Katowice is located in the Silesian Highlands, about north of the Silesian Beskids and about southeast of the Sudetes Mountains.It is the central district of the Upper Silesian Metropolis, with a population of 2...
(Katowice urban area
Katowice urban area
The Katowice urban area, also known as the Upper Silesian urban area, is an urban area/conurbation in southern Poland. It is located in the Silesian Voivodeship and in a small part of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship. The Katowice urban area is the largest urban area in Poland and one of the largest...
)
Warsaw
Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
Kraków
Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...
Gdansk
Gdańsk is a Polish city on the Baltic coast, at the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.The city lies on the southern edge of Gdańsk Bay , in a conurbation with the city of Gdynia, spa town of Sopot, and suburban communities, which together form a metropolitan area called the...
Poznan
Poznań is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, with a population of 556,022 in June 2009. It is among the oldest cities in Poland, and was one of the most important centres in the early Polish state, whose first rulers were buried at Poznań's cathedral. It is sometimes claimed to be...
Szczecin
Szczecin , is the capital city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. It is the country's seventh-largest city and the largest seaport in Poland on the Baltic Sea. As of June 2009 the population was 406,427....
Demographics by town
| City | Voivodeship | Inhabitants May 20, 2002 |
Inhabitants December 31, 2004 |
Inhabitants December 31, 2006 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Warsaw Warsaw Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most... |
Masovia Masovian Voivodeship -Administrative division:Masovian Voivodeship is divided into 42 counties : 5 city counties and 37 "land counties"... |
1,671,670 | 1,692,854 | 1,702,139 |
| 2 | Łódź | Łódź | 789,318 | 774,004 | 760,251 |
| 3 | Kraków Kraków Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life... |
Lesser Poland Lesser Poland Voivodeship Małopolska Voivodeship , or Lesser Poland Voivodeship, is a voivodeship, in southern Poland... |
758,544 | 757,430 | 756,267 |
| 4 | Wrocław | Lower Silesia Lower Silesian Voivodeship Lower Silesian Voivodeship, or Lower Silesia Province , is one of the 16 voivodeships into which Poland is currently divided. It lies in southwestern Poland... |
640,367 | 636,268 | 634,630 |
| 5 | Poznań Poznan Poznań is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, with a population of 556,022 in June 2009. It is among the oldest cities in Poland, and was one of the most important centres in the early Polish state, whose first rulers were buried at Poznań's cathedral. It is sometimes claimed to be... |
Greater Poland Greater Poland Voivodeship Wielkopolska Voivodeship , or Greater Poland Voivodeship, is a voivodeship, or province, in west-central Poland. It was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Poznań, Kalisz, Konin, Piła and Leszno Voivodeships, pursuant to the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998... |
578,886 | 570,778 | 564,951 |
| 6 | Gdańsk Gdansk Gdańsk is a Polish city on the Baltic coast, at the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.The city lies on the southern edge of Gdańsk Bay , in a conurbation with the city of Gdynia, spa town of Sopot, and suburban communities, which together form a metropolitan area called the... |
Pomerania Pomeranian Voivodeship Pomeranian Voivodeship, or Pomerania Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in north-central Poland. It comprises most of Pomerelia , as well as an area east of the Vistula River... |
461,334 | 459,072 | 456,658 |
| 7 | Szczecin Szczecin Szczecin , is the capital city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. It is the country's seventh-largest city and the largest seaport in Poland on the Baltic Sea. As of June 2009 the population was 406,427.... |
Western Pomerania West Pomeranian Voivodeship West Pomeranian Voivodeship, , is a voivodeship in northwestern Poland. It borders on Pomeranian Voivodeship to the east, Greater Poland Voivodeship to the southeast, Lubusz Voivodeship to the south, the German federal-state of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania to the west, and the Baltic Sea to the north... |
415,399 | 411,900 | 409,068 |
| 8 | Bydgoszcz | Kuyavia-Pomerania Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship -Transportation:Transportation infrastructure is of critical importance to the voivodeship's economy. Kuyavia-Pomerania is a major node point in the Polish transportation system. Railway lines from the South and East pass through Bydgoszcz in order to reach the major ports on the Baltic Sea... |
373,804 | 368,235 | 363,468 |
| 9 | Lublin Lublin Lublin is the ninth largest city in Poland. It is the capital of Lublin Voivodeship with a population of 350,392 . Lublin is also the largest Polish city east of the Vistula river... |
Lublin Lublin Voivodeship - Administrative division :Lublin Voivodeship is divided into 24 counties : 4 city counties and 20 land counties. These are further divided into 213 gminas.... |
357,110 | 355,998 | 353,483 |
| 10 | Katowice Katowice Katowice is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, on the Kłodnica and Rawa rivers . Katowice is located in the Silesian Highlands, about north of the Silesian Beskids and about southeast of the Sudetes Mountains.It is the central district of the Upper Silesian Metropolis, with a population of 2... |
Silesia Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia... |
327,222 | 319,904 | 314,500 |
| 11 | Białystok (Demographics Demographics of Białystok Historically, Białystok has been a destination for internal and foreign immigration, especially from Central and Eastern Europe. In addition to the Polish minority, there was a significant Jewish majority in Białystok. According to Russian census of 1897, out of the total population of 66,000, Jews... ) |
Podlaskie Podlaskie Voivodeship Podlaskie Voivodeship , is a voivodeship in northeastern Poland. It borders on Masovian Voivodeship to the west, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship to the northwest, Lublin Voivodeship to the south, the Belarusssian Voblasts of Grodno and Brest to the east, the Lithuanian Counties of Alytus and... |
291,383 | 292,150 | 294,830 |
| 12 | Gdynia Gdynia Gdynia is a city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship of Poland and an important seaport of Gdańsk Bay on the south coast of the Baltic Sea.Located in Kashubia in Eastern Pomerania, Gdynia is part of a conurbation with the spa town of Sopot, the city of Gdańsk and suburban communities, which together... |
Pomerania Pomeranian Voivodeship Pomeranian Voivodeship, or Pomerania Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in north-central Poland. It comprises most of Pomerelia , as well as an area east of the Vistula River... |
253,458 | 253,324 | 251,844 |
| 13 | Częstochowa Czestochowa Częstochowa is a city in south Poland on the Warta River with 240,027 inhabitants . It has been situated in the Silesian Voivodeship since 1999, and was previously the capital of Częstochowa Voivodeship... |
Silesia Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia... |
251,436 | 248,032 | 245,030 |
| 14 | Radom Radom Radom is a city in central Poland with 223,397 inhabitants . It is located on the Mleczna River in the Masovian Voivodeship , having previously been the capital of Radom Voivodeship ; 100 km south of Poland's capital, Warsaw.It is home to the biennial Radom Air Show, the largest and... |
Masovia Masovian Voivodeship -Administrative division:Masovian Voivodeship is divided into 42 counties : 5 city counties and 37 "land counties"... |
229,699 | 227,613 | 225,810 |
| 15 | Sosnowiec Sosnowiec Sosnowiec is a city in Zagłębie Dąbrowskie in southern Poland, near Katowice. It is one of the central districts of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union - a metropolis with a combined population of over two million people located in the Silesian Highlands, on the Brynica river .It is situated in... |
Silesia Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia... |
232,622 | 228,192 | 245,030 |
| 16 | Toruń Torun Toruń is an ancient city in northern Poland, on the Vistula River. Its population is more than 205,934 as of June 2009. Toruń is one of the oldest cities in Poland. The medieval old town of Toruń is the birthplace of the astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus.... |
Kuyavia-Pomerania Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship -Transportation:Transportation infrastructure is of critical importance to the voivodeship's economy. Kuyavia-Pomerania is a major node point in the Polish transportation system. Railway lines from the South and East pass through Bydgoszcz in order to reach the major ports on the Baltic Sea... |
211,243 | 208,278 | 207,190 |
| 17 | Kielce Kielce Kielce ) is a city in central Poland with 204,891 inhabitants . It is also the capital city of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship since 1999, previously in Kielce Voivodeship... |
Świętokrzyskie Swietokrzyskie Voivodeship Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, or Świętokrzyskie Province , is one of the 16 voivodeships into which Poland is presently divided. It is situated in central Poland, in the historical province of Lesser Poland, and takes its name from the Świętokrzyskie mountain range... |
212,429 | 209,455 | 207,188 |
| 18 | Gliwice Gliwice Gliwice is a city in Upper Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice. Gliwice is the west district of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union – a metropolis with a population of 2 million... |
Silesia Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia... |
203,814 | 200,361 | 198,499 |
| 19 | Zabrze Zabrze Zabrze is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice. The west district of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union is a metropolis with a population of around 2 million... |
Silesia Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia... |
195,293 | 192,546 | 190,110 |
| 20 | Bytom Bytom Bytom is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice. The central-western district of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union - metropolis with the population of 2 millions. Bytom is located in the Silesian Highlands, on the Bytomka river .The city belongs to the Silesian Voivodeship since... |
Silesia Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia... |
193,546 | 189,535 | 186,540 |
| 21 | Bielsko-Biała Bielsko-Biała -Economy and Industry:Nowadays Bielsko-Biała is one of the best-developed parts of Poland. It was ranked 2nd best city for business in that country by Forbes. About 5% of people are unemployed . Bielsko-Biała is famous for its textile, machine-building, and especially automotive industry... |
Silesia Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia... |
178,028 | 176,987 | 176,453 |
| 22 | Olsztyn Olsztyn Olsztyn is a city in northeastern Poland, on the Łyna River. Olsztyn has been the capital of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship since 1999. It was previously in the Olsztyn Voivodeship... |
Warmia-Masuria Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, or Warmia-Masuria Province , is a voivodeship in northeastern Poland. Its capital and largest city is Olsztyn... |
173,102 | 174,550 | 174,941 |
| 23 | Rzeszów Rzeszów Rzeszów is a city in southeastern Poland with a population of 179,455 in 2010. It is located on both sides of the Wisłok River, in the heartland of the Sandomierska Valley... |
Subcarpathia Subcarpathian Voivodeship Podkarpackie Voivodeship , or Subcarpathian Voivodeship, is a voivodeship, or province, in extreme-southeastern Poland. Its administrative capital and largest city is Rzeszów... |
160,376 | 159,020 | 165,578 |
| 24 | Ruda Śląska Ruda Slaska Ruda Śląska is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice. It is a district in the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union, a metropolis with a population of 2 million. It is located in the Silesian Highlands, on the Kłodnica river .... |
Silesia Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia... |
150,595 | 147,403 | 145,471 |
| 25 | Rybnik Rybnik Rybnik is a city in southern Poland, in the Silesian Voivodeship. Rybnik is located close to the border with the Czech Republic and just outside the southern border of the largest urban area in Poland, the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union... |
Silesia Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia... |
142,731 | 141,755 | 141,388 |
| 26 | Tychy Tychy Tychy is a city in Silesia, Poland, approximately south of Katowice. Situated on the southern edge of the Upper Silesian industrial district, the city borders Katowice to the north, Mikołów to the west, Bieruń to the east and Kobiór to the south... |
Silesia Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia... |
132,816 | 131,547 | 130,492 |
| 27 | Dąbrowa Górnicza Dabrowa Górnicza Dąbrowa Górnicza is a city in Zagłębie Dąbrowskie in southern Poland, nearby Katowice. The north-east district of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union - metropolis with the population of almost 3 millions... |
Silesia Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia... |
132,236 | 130,789 | 129,559 |
| 28 | Opole Opole Opole is a city in southern Poland on the Oder River . It has a population of 125,992 and is the capital of the Upper Silesia, Opole Voivodeship and, also the seat of Opole County... |
Opole Opole Voivodeship - Administrative division :Opole Voivodeship is divided into 12 counties : 1 city county and 11 land counties. These are further divided into 71 gminas.The counties are listed in the following table .- Economy :... |
129,946 | 128,864 | 127,602 |
| 29 | Płock | Masovia Masovian Voivodeship -Administrative division:Masovian Voivodeship is divided into 42 counties : 5 city counties and 37 "land counties"... |
128,361 | 127,841 | 127,224 |
| 30 | Elbląg Elblag Elbląg is a city in northern Poland with 127,892 inhabitants . It is the capital of Elbląg County and has been assigned to the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship since 1999. Before then it was the capital of Elbląg Voivodeship and a county seat in Gdańsk Voivodeship... |
Warmia-Masuria Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, or Warmia-Masuria Province , is a voivodeship in northeastern Poland. Its capital and largest city is Olsztyn... |
128,134 | 127,655 | 126,985 |
| 31 | Gorzów Wielkopolski Gorzów Wielkopolski Gorzów Wielkopolski is a city in western Poland, on the Warta river. It is the biggest city in the Lubusz Voivodeship with 125,149 inhabitants... |
Lubusz Lubusz Voivodeship - Administrative division :Lubusz Voivodeship is divided into 14 counties : 2 city counties and 12 land counties. These are further divided into 83 gminas.... |
125,914 | 125,578 | 125,504 |
| 32 | Wałbrzych | Lower Silesia Lower Silesian Voivodeship Lower Silesian Voivodeship, or Lower Silesia Province , is one of the 16 voivodeships into which Poland is currently divided. It lies in southwestern Poland... |
130,268 | 127,566 | 124,988 |
| 33 | Włocławek | Kuyavia-Pomerania Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship -Transportation:Transportation infrastructure is of critical importance to the voivodeship's economy. Kuyavia-Pomerania is a major node point in the Polish transportation system. Railway lines from the South and East pass through Bydgoszcz in order to reach the major ports on the Baltic Sea... |
121,229 | 120,369 | 119,256 |
| 34 | Zielona Góra Zielona Góra Zielona Góra is a city in Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland, with 117,557 inhabitants within the city limits and 294,000 inhabitants within the metropolitan area, including three neighbouring counties .... |
Lubusz Lubusz Voivodeship - Administrative division :Lubusz Voivodeship is divided into 14 counties : 2 city counties and 12 land counties. These are further divided into 83 gminas.... |
118,293 | 118,516 | 118,115 |
| 35 | Tarnów Tarnów Tarnów is a city in southeastern Poland with 115,341 inhabitants as of June 2009. The city has been situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999, but from 1975 to 1998 it was the capital of the Tarnów Voivodeship. It is a major rail junction, located on the strategic east-west connection... |
Lesser Poland Lesser Poland Voivodeship Małopolska Voivodeship , or Lesser Poland Voivodeship, is a voivodeship, in southern Poland... |
119,913 | 118,267 | 116,967 |
| 36 | Chorzów Chorzów Chorzów is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice. Chorzów is one of the central districts of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union - a metropolis with a population of 2 million... |
Silesia Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia... |
117,430 | 115,241 | 113,978 |
| 37 | Kalisz Kalisz Kalisz is a city in central Poland with 106,857 inhabitants , the capital city of the Kalisz Region. Situated on the Prosna river in the southeastern part of the Greater Poland Voivodeship, the city forms a conurbation with the nearby towns of Ostrów Wielkopolski and Nowe Skalmierzyce... |
Greater Poland Greater Poland Voivodeship Wielkopolska Voivodeship , or Greater Poland Voivodeship, is a voivodeship, or province, in west-central Poland. It was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Poznań, Kalisz, Konin, Piła and Leszno Voivodeships, pursuant to the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998... |
109,498 | 108,792 | 108,477 |
| 38 | Koszalin Koszalin Koszalin ; is the largest city of Middle Pomerania in north-western Poland. It is located 12 km south of the Baltic Sea coast. Koszalin is also a county-status city and capital of Koszalin County of West Pomeranian Voivodeship since 1999... |
Western Pomerania West Pomeranian Voivodeship West Pomeranian Voivodeship, , is a voivodeship in northwestern Poland. It borders on Pomeranian Voivodeship to the east, Greater Poland Voivodeship to the southeast, Lubusz Voivodeship to the south, the German federal-state of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania to the west, and the Baltic Sea to the north... |
108,709 | 107,773 | 107,693 |
| 39 | Legnica Legnica Legnica is a town in south-western Poland, in Silesia, in the central part of Lower Silesia, on the plain of Legnica, riverside: Kaczawa and Czarna Woda. Between 1 June 1975 and 31 December 1998 Legnica was the capital of the Legnica Voivodeship. It is currently the seat of the county... |
Lower Silesia Lower Silesian Voivodeship Lower Silesian Voivodeship, or Lower Silesia Province , is one of the 16 voivodeships into which Poland is currently divided. It lies in southwestern Poland... |
107,100 | 106,143 | 105,186 |
| 40 | Grudziądz Grudziadz Grudziądz is a city in northern Poland on the Vistula River, with 96 042 inhabitants . Situated in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship , the city was previously in the Toruń Voivodeship .- History :-Early history:... |
Kuyavia-Pomerania Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship -Transportation:Transportation infrastructure is of critical importance to the voivodeship's economy. Kuyavia-Pomerania is a major node point in the Polish transportation system. Railway lines from the South and East pass through Bydgoszcz in order to reach the major ports on the Baltic Sea... |
99,943 | 98,757 | 99,244 |
| 41 | Słupsk | Pomerania Pomeranian Voivodeship Pomeranian Voivodeship, or Pomerania Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in north-central Poland. It comprises most of Pomerelia , as well as an area east of the Vistula River... |
100,376 | 99,827 | 98,092 |
Demographics by voivodeship
| Inhabitants of voivodeships (2008, according to GUS) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Area (in km²) |
Inhabitants | Pace of gain (%) |
|
| Lower Silesian Lower Silesian Voivodeship Lower Silesian Voivodeship, or Lower Silesia Province , is one of the 16 voivodeships into which Poland is currently divided. It lies in southwestern Poland... |
19 947 | 2 887 059 | -0,04 |
| Kuyavian-Pomeranian Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship -Transportation:Transportation infrastructure is of critical importance to the voivodeship's economy. Kuyavia-Pomerania is a major node point in the Polish transportation system. Railway lines from the South and East pass through Bydgoszcz in order to reach the major ports on the Baltic Sea... |
17 972 | 2 067 918 | |
| Lublin Lublin Voivodeship - Administrative division :Lublin Voivodeship is divided into 24 counties : 4 city counties and 20 land counties. These are further divided into 213 gminas.... |
25 122 | 2 161 832 | |
| Lubusz Lubusz Voivodeship - Administrative division :Lubusz Voivodeship is divided into 14 counties : 2 city counties and 12 land counties. These are further divided into 83 gminas.... |
13 998 | 1 008 926 | 0,00 |
| Łódź | 18 219 | 2 548 861 | |
| Lesser Poland Lesser Poland Voivodeship Małopolska Voivodeship , or Lesser Poland Voivodeship, is a voivodeship, in southern Poland... |
15 183 | 3 287 136 | +0.22 |
| Masovian Masovian Voivodeship -Administrative division:Masovian Voivodeship is divided into 42 counties : 5 city counties and 37 "land counties"... |
35 558 | 5 204 495 | |
| Opole Opole Voivodeship - Administrative division :Opole Voivodeship is divided into 12 counties : 1 city county and 11 land counties. These are further divided into 71 gminas.The counties are listed in the following table .- Economy :... |
9412 | 1 033 040 | |
| Subcarpathian Subcarpathian Voivodeship Podkarpackie Voivodeship , or Subcarpathian Voivodeship, is a voivodeship, or province, in extreme-southeastern Poland. Its administrative capital and largest city is Rzeszów... |
17 846 | 2 099 495 | |
| Podlaskie Podlaskie Voivodeship Podlaskie Voivodeship , is a voivodeship in northeastern Poland. It borders on Masovian Voivodeship to the west, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship to the northwest, Lublin Voivodeship to the south, the Belarusssian Voblasts of Grodno and Brest to the east, the Lithuanian Counties of Alytus and... (Demographics Demographics of Podlaskie Voivodeship Podlaskie is the land of the confluence of cultures – Polish, Belarusian, Ukrainian and Lithuanian – and is indicative of the ethnic territories limits. Eastward of Podlaskie lie ethnically non-Polish lands, while westward ethnically non-West... ) |
20 187 | 1 191 470 | |
| Pomeranian Pomeranian Voivodeship Pomeranian Voivodeship, or Pomerania Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in north-central Poland. It comprises most of Pomerelia , as well as an area east of the Vistula River... |
18 310 | 2 219 512 | |
| Silesian Silesian Voivodeship Silesian Voivodeship, or Silesia Province , is a voivodeship, or province, in southern Poland, centering on the historic region known as Upper Silesia... |
12 334 | 4 645 665 | -0.12 |
| Świętokrzyskie Swietokrzyskie Voivodeship Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, or Świętokrzyskie Province , is one of the 16 voivodeships into which Poland is presently divided. It is situated in central Poland, in the historical province of Lesser Poland, and takes its name from the Świętokrzyskie mountain range... |
11 710 | 1 272 784 | |
| Warmian-Masurian Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, or Warmia-Masuria Province , is a voivodeship in northeastern Poland. Its capital and largest city is Olsztyn... |
24 173 | 1 427 073 | |
| Greater Poland Greater Poland Voivodeship Wielkopolska Voivodeship , or Greater Poland Voivodeship, is a voivodeship, or province, in west-central Poland. It was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Poznań, Kalisz, Konin, Piła and Leszno Voivodeships, pursuant to the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998... |
29 827 | 3 397 617 | +0.26 |
| West Pomeranian West Pomeranian Voivodeship West Pomeranian Voivodeship, , is a voivodeship in northwestern Poland. It borders on Pomeranian Voivodeship to the east, Greater Poland Voivodeship to the southeast, Lubusz Voivodeship to the south, the German federal-state of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania to the west, and the Baltic Sea to the north... |
22 892 | 1 692 957 | |
| Poland | 312 679 | 38 135 876 | +0,05 |
Statistics
The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.Total asylum seekers admitted
10,590 (2009) applications, mostly from the Russian Federation, GeorgiaGeorgia (country)
Georgia is a sovereign state in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the southwest by Turkey, to the south by Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. The capital of...
, and Armenia
Armenia
Armenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia...
.
Age structure
0–14 years: 14.8% (male 2,931,732/female 2,769,021)15–64 years: 71.7% (male 13,725,939/female 13,863,103)
65 years and over: 13.5% (male 1,971,763/female 3,202,131) (2010 est.)
Sex ratio
at birth:1.061 male(s)/female
under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female
15–64 years:
0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over:
0.62 male(s)/female
total population:
0.94 male(s)/female (2010 est.)
Infant mortality rate
total: 6.66 deaths/1,000 live birthsmale: 7.38 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 5.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2010 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 75.85 yearsmale: 71.88 years
female: 80.06 years (2010 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.40 children born/woman (2009 est.).The 2008 est. was 1.39, with 1.30 for urban areas and 1.53 for rural areas. The 2008 total fertility rate of 1.39 is a significant improvement over 1.31 in 2007.
Ethnic groups
Polish 96.7%, GermanGermans
The Germans are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe. The English term Germans has referred to the German-speaking population of the Holy Roman Empire since the Late Middle Ages....
152.897 Ukrainians
Ukrainians
Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...
- 150.000 Belarusians
Belarusians
Belarusians ; are an East Slavic ethnic group who populate the majority of the Republic of Belarus. Introduced to the world as a new state in the early 1990s, the Republic of Belarus brought with it the notion of a re-emerging Belarusian ethnicity, drawn upon the lines of the Old Belarusian...
- 47.640 Vietnamese
Vietnamese people
The Vietnamese people are an ethnic group originating from present-day northern Vietnam and southern China. They are the majority ethnic group of Vietnam, comprising 86% of the population as of the 1999 census, and are officially known as Kinh to distinguish them from other ethnic groups in Vietnam...
- 40.000 Armenians
Armenians
Armenian people or Armenians are a nation and ethnic group native to the Armenian Highland.The largest concentration is in Armenia having a nearly-homogeneous population with 97.9% or 3,145,354 being ethnic Armenian....
- 20.858 Russians
Russians
The Russian people are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Russia, speaking the Russian language and primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries....
(including Chechens) - 12.550 Chinese
Chinese people
The term Chinese people may refer to any of the following:*People with Han Chinese ethnicity ....
- 8.016 Arabs - 4.072 Indians
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
- 2.094
Religions
Roman Catholic 94% (about 75% practicing), unspecified 6% (2002 census)Literacy
definition:age 15 and over can read and write
total population:
99.8%
male:
99.8%
female:
99.7% (2003 est.)