Coastal defence ships were warship

Warship

A warship is a ship that is built and primarily intended for combat. Warships are usually built in a completely different way from merchant ships. As well as being armed, warships are designed to withstand damage and are usually faster and more maneuvrable than merchant ships...

s built for the purpose of coastal defence, mostly during the period from 1860 to 1920. They were small, often cruiser

Cruiser

A cruiser is a type of warship. The term has been in use for several hundreds of years, and has had different meanings throughout this period...

-sized warships that sacrificed speed and range for armour

Armour

Armour or armor is protective covering used to prevent damage from being inflicted to an object, individual or a vehicle through use of direct contact weapons or projectiles, usually during combat, or from damage caused by a potentially dangerous environment or action...

 and armament. They were usually attractive to nations that either could not afford full-sized battleship

Battleship

A battleship is a large armored warship with a main battery consisting of heavy caliber guns. Battleships were larger, better armed and armored than cruisers and destroyers. As the largest armed ships in a fleet, battleships were used to attain command of the sea and represented the apex of a...

s or that could be satisfied by specially designed shallow-draft vessels capable of littoral

Littoral

The littoral zone is that part of a sea, lake or river that is close to the shore. In coastal environments the littoral zone extends from the high water mark, which is rarely inundated, to shoreline areas that are permanently submerged. It always includes this intertidal zone and is often used to...

 operations close to their own shores. The Nordic countries

Nordic countries

The Nordic countries make up a region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic which consists of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden and their associated territories, the Faroe Islands, Greenland and Åland...

 and Thailand

Thailand

Thailand , officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula and Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the...

 found them particularly appropriate for their island-dotted coastal waters. Some vessels had limited blue-water

Blue-water navy

The term blue-water navy is a colloquialism used to describe a maritime force capable of operating across the deep waters of open oceans. While what actually constitutes such a force remains undefined, there is a requirement for the ability to exercise sea control at wide ranges...

 capabilities; others operated in rivers.

The coastal defence ships differed from earlier monitors

Monitor (warship)

A monitor was a class of relatively small warship which was neither fast nor strongly armoured but carried disproportionately large guns. They were used by some navies from the 1860s until the end of World War II, and saw their final use by the United States Navy during the Vietnam War.The monitors...

 by having a higher freeboard, usually higher speed, sometimes casemate

Casemate

A casemate, sometimes rendered casement, is a fortified gun emplacement or armored structure from which guns are fired. originally a vaulted chamber in a fortress.-Origin of the term:...

d guns (monitors' guns were almost always in turrets) and usually possessed secondary armament. They varied in size from around 1,500 tons to 8,000 tons.

Their construction and appearance was often that of miniaturized pre-dreadnought battleships. As such, they carried heavier armour than cruisers or gunboats of equivalent size, carried a main armament of two or four heavy and several lighter guns in turrets or casements, and could steam at a higher speed than most monitors. In service they were mainly used as movable coastal artillery

Coastal artillery

Coastal artillery is the branch of armed forces concerned with operating anti-ship artillery or fixed gun batteries in coastal fortifications....

 rather than instruments of sea control or fleet engagements like the battleships operated by blue-water navies. Few of these ships saw combat in the First World War, though some did in Second World War

World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

. The last were scrapped in the 1970s.

Navies with coastal defence ships as their main capital ships included Argentina

Argentina

Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...

, Belgium

Belgium

Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...

, Brazil

Brazil

Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...

, Ecuador

Ecuador

Ecuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border...

, Finland

Finland

Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...

, Greece

Greece

Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....

, the Netherlands

Netherlands

The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...

, Norway

Norway

Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...

, Portugal

Portugal

Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...

, Sweden

Sweden

Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....

, Thailand

Thailand

Thailand , officially the Kingdom of Thailand , formerly known as Siam , is a country located at the centre of the Indochina peninsula and Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the...

 and the British colonies of India

British Raj

British Raj was the British rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947; The term can also refer to the period of dominion...

 and Victoria

Victoria (Australia)

Victoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania on Boundary Islet to the north, west and south respectively....

. Germany

Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...

 and Russia

Russia

Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...

 also built them, with Russia using three at the Battle of Tsushima

Battle of Tsushima

The Battle of Tsushima , commonly known as the “Sea of Japan Naval Battle” in Japan and the “Battle of Tsushima Strait”, was the major naval battle fought between Russia and Japan during the Russo-Japanese War...

 in 1905.

Apart from specially built coastal defence ships, some navies used obsolescent pre-dreadnought battleships in this role. The Royal Navy

Royal Navy

The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...

 deployed four Majestic class battleship

Majestic class battleship

The Majestic class was a class of pre-dreadnought battleships, built under the Spencer Programme of 8 December 1893, that sought to counter the growing naval strength of France and the Russian Empire...

s as guardships in the Humber

Humber

The Humber is a large tidal estuary on the east coast of Northern England. It is formed at Trent Falls, Faxfleet, by the confluence of the tidal River Ouse and the tidal River Trent. From here to the North Sea, it forms part of the boundary between the East Riding of Yorkshire on the north bank...

 at the start of the First World War. Similarly, the U.S. Navy

United States Navy

The United States Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States. The U.S. Navy is the largest in the world; its battle fleet tonnage is greater than that of the next 13 largest navies combined. The U.S...

 redesignated the Indiana

Indiana class battleship

The three Indiana-class battleships were the first battleships to be built by the United States Navy comparable to contemporary European ships, such as the British . Authorized in 1890 and commissioned between November 1895 and April 1896, they were relatively small battleships with heavy armor and...

 and Iowa

USS Iowa (BB-4)

| The second half of the 19th century saw radical changes in shipbuilding design. Wood-built sailing ships with cannons were replaced by steam-powered warships armored with steel...

 classes as "Coast Defense Battleships" in 1919. Such ships tended to be near the end of their service lives and while considered generally no longer fit for front line service, were still powerful enough for defensive duties in reserve.

Categorization

This type of vessel has always been categorized differently by different countries, due to treaties, differences in judgments related to design or intended roles, and also national pride. In the United Kingdom

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

 the Scandinavian ships were known as "coast defence ships". From the 1920s onward Germany referred to the Scandinavian ships as "coastal armoured ships" (Küstenpanzerschiff), in contrast to their own Deutschland class

Deutschland class cruiser

The Deutschland class was a series of three panzerschiffe , a form of heavily armed cruiser, built by the Reichsmarine officially in accordance with restrictions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles...

 of larger seagoing "armoured ships" (Panzerschiff), which were later rerated as "heavy cruisers" (Schwere Kreuzer). The Danes referred to their ships as both Kystforsvarsskib ("coast defence ships") and Panserskib ("armoured ships"). In Norway they were referred to as Panserskip ("armoured ships"). The Dutch called their ships Kruiser ("cruisers"), Pantserschip ("armoured ships") or Slagschip ("battleships"). The Swedish term for these ships was Pansarskepp ("armored ship").

As an example of the profusion of terms and classifications which often contradicted each other, the 1938 edition of Jane's Fighting Ships

Jane's Fighting Ships

Jane's Fighting Ships is an annual reference book of information on all the world's warships arranged by nation, including information on ship's names, dimensions, armaments, silhouettes and photographs, etc...

lists the Swedish Pansarskepps of the Sverige class as battleships.

The Swedish Pansarskepps

The Swedish Pansarskepps were an outgrowth of the earlier Swedish adoption of the monitor and were used for similar duties.

Technical details

The Pansarskepp, with the notable exception of the Sverige class, were relatively small vessels with limited speed, shallow draft, and very heavy guns relative to the displacement. They were designed for close in-shore work in the littoral zone of Scandinavia, and other countries with shallow coastal waters. The aim was to outgun any ocean-going warship of the same draft by a significant margin, making it a very dangerous opponent for a cruiser, and deadly to anything smaller. The limitations in speed and seaworthiness were a trade-off for the heavy armament carried. Vessels similar to the Swedish Pansarskepp were also built and operated by Denmark, Norway, and Finland, all of which had similar naval requirements.

Effectiveness

The Sverige-class ships differed in several way´s from the classical coastal defence ship; at first by heavier armament as well as better speed and armor, but still small enough to operate and hide in the archipelagos and shallow waters . But the main difference was to be noted in their tactical doctrine and operations. Unlike other coastal defence ships the "Sverige-class" formed the core of a traditional open sea battle group (Kustflottan), operating with cruisers, destroyers, torpedo boats and air reconnaissance like traditional battleship tactics of the time.
This “mini-battle group” had no intention to challenge the superpowers in blue sea battles but to operate as defensive shield to aggression challenging Swedish interests and territory.
Based on the doctrine that you need a battle group, to challenge a battle groups this force intended to form a problematic obstacle in the confined and shallow Baltic and Kattegat theatre where traditional large warships would be limited to very predictable moving patterns exposing them to submarines, fast torpedo crafts and minefields.
It has been suggested that the Sverige class ships were one reason why Germany did not invade Sweden during World War II.This speculation appeared in Warship Magazine - the author was writing an article on the Sverige class. This could partly said to be confirmed in the post war publication of German tactical orders, and when tactical scenarios regarding attacking Sweden was published. The problems of maintaining an army in Sweden without sea superiority was underlined, and lack of available suitable units to face the swedish navy was pointed out (“Stations for battle”, Insulander/Olsson, 2001)
Summarizing the question of effectiveness for the “Sverige-class” it likely that despite a good armament they would have been to small, to cramped, to slow and without enough range to perform against any traditional battlecruiser or battleship in blue water scenario.
However, if used rightly in their home waters and in a defensive situation they would probably have presented a major challenge for any aggressor.

The Dutch Pantserschepen

The Dutch used their armoured ships mainly to defend their interests overseas, in particular in their colonial possessions (Netherlands Antilles

Netherlands Antilles

The Netherlands Antilles , also referred to informally as the Dutch Antilles, was an autonomous Caribbean country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands, consisting of two groups of islands in the Lesser Antilles: Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao , in Leeward Antilles just off the Venezuelan coast; and Sint...

) in the West Indies and the East Indies

Dutch East Indies

The Dutch East Indies was a Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia following World War II. It was formed from the nationalised colonies of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Netherlands government in 1800....

. For this reason the ships had to be capable of long-range cruising, providing artillery support during amphibious operations

Amphibious warfare

Amphibious warfare is the use of naval firepower, logistics and strategy to project military power ashore. In previous eras it stood as the primary method of delivering troops to non-contiguous enemy-held terrain...

, and carrying the troops and equipment needed in these operations. At the same time the ships had to be well enough armed and armoured to face contemporary armoured cruisers of the Imperial Japanese Navy

Imperial Japanese Navy

The Imperial Japanese Navy was the navy of the Empire of Japan from 1869 until 1947, when it was dissolved following Japan's constitutional renunciation of the use of force as a means of settling international disputes...

 (the likely enemy). As such they were expected to act as mini-battleships rather than as strictly coastal defence vessels.

The last Dutch pantserschip HNLMS De Zeven Provinciën, was built in 1909 more or less as a stop-gap measure while the Dutch Admiralty and government contemplated an ambitious fleet plan comprising a number of dreadnought battleships

Dreadnought

The dreadnought was the predominant type of 20th-century battleship. The first of the kind, the Royal Navy's had such an impact when launched in 1906 that similar battleships built after her were referred to as "dreadnoughts", and earlier battleships became known as pre-dreadnoughts...

. This ambition was never realized due to the outbreak of the First World War. The Second World War put an end to a similar project to obtain fast capital ships in the late 1930s with German assistance.

Prior to the Second World War, the Dutch had relegated all the surviving pantserschips to secondary duties. The Axis powers

Axis Powers

The Axis powers , also known as the Axis alliance, Axis nations, Axis countries, or just the Axis, was an alignment of great powers during the mid-20th century that fought World War II against the Allies. It began in 1936 with treaties of friendship between Germany and Italy and between Germany and...

 converted several to serve as floating anti-aircraft batteries and subsequently utilized some as block ships.

Operators

• Argentina:
  • La Plata class (La Plata and Los Andes)
  • Independencia class battleship (1890)
    • Independencia
    • Nueve de Julio

• Austria-Hungary:
  • Kronprinzessin Erherzogin Stephanie
  • Kronprinz Erherzog Rudolf
  • Monarch class battleship
    Monarch class battleship
    The Monarch class was a class of battleships, although resembling coastal defence ships, built by Austria-Hungary at the end of the 19th century. The Monarchs were the first ships of their type to utilize turrets. The class comprised three ships: , , and , each armed with two L/40 guns in two...
    
    
    • SMS Monarch
    • SMS Wien
      SMS Wien
      SMS Wien was a pre-dreadnought battleship and coastal defense ship of the Monarch class that was constructed by the Austro-Hungarian Navy at the end of the 19th century. The Wien was laid down in the Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino shipyards in Trieste on the same day as her sister ship Budapest,...
      
      
    • SMS Budapest
      SMS Budapest
      SMS Budapest was a pre-dreadnought battleship and coastal defense ship of the Monarch class that was constructed by the Austro-Hungarian Navy at the end of the 19th century. The Budapest was laid down in the Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino shipyards in Trieste on the same day as her sister ship...
      
      

• Brazil:
  • Barrozo
  • Brasil
  • Lima Barros
  • Rio de Janeiro
  • Bahia
  • Silvado
  • Mariz e Barros class
    • Mariz e Barros
    • Herval
  • Cabral class (Cabral and Colombo)
  • Sete de Setembro
  • Javary class (Javary and Solimoes)
  • Marshal Deodoro class (Marshal Deodoro and Marshal Floriano)

• China:
  • Pingyuan
    Pingyuan (coastal battleship)
    The Pingyuan was a Chinese armored coastal warship built by the Mawei Navy Yard, modelled on the French . The name is also spelled Ping Yuen, Ping Yuan or Ping-yüan....
    
    

• Denmark
  • Herulf Trolle class (Herulf Trolle, Olfert Fischer)
  • Peder Skram
    Peder Skram
    Peder Skram was a Danish senator and naval hero, born between 1491 and 1503, at his father's estate at Urup near Horsens in Jutland....
    
    
  • Niels Juel

• Finland:
  • Väinämöinen class Panssarilaiva ships
    • Ilmarinen
    • Väinämöinen

• Germany:
  • Siegfried class and Odin class
    Odin class coastal defense ship
    The Odin class was a pair of coastal defense ships built for the German Kaiserliche Marine in the late 19th century. The class comprised two ships: , named after the Norse god Odin, and , named after the Norse god of the same name...
    
     (Ägir
    SMS Ägir
    SMS Ägir was an Odin class Küstenpanzerschiff which served in the German Imperial Navy prior to and during World War I.-History:...
    
    , Beowulf, Siegfried, Hagen, Frithjof, Heimdall, Odin and Hildebrand)
  • SMS Oldenburg
    SMS Oldenburg (1884)
    SMS Oldenburg was an armored warship of the German Imperial Navy. Laid down at the AG Vulcan shipyard in Stettin in 1883, the ship was launched in December 1884 and commissioned into the Navy in April 1886...
    
    

• The Netherlands:
  • Evertsen class (Evertsen, Piet Hein and Kortenaer)
  • Koningin Regentes class
    Koningin Regentes class
    The Koningin Regentes class was a class of coastal defence ships of the Royal Netherlands Navy. The class comprised Koningin Regentes, De Ruyter and Hertog Hendrik.-Dimensions and machinery:...
    
     (Koningin Regentes, De Ruyter and Hertog Hendrik)
  • Marten Harpertszoon Tromp
    HNLMS Marten Harpertzoon Tromp (1904)
    HNLMS Marten Harpertzoon Tromp was a coastal defence ship of the Royal Netherlands Navy build by NSM Amsterdam.-External links:*...
    
    
  • Jacob van Heemskerck
    HNLMS Jacob Van Heemskerck (1906)
    HNLMS Jacob Van Heemskerck was a coastal defence ship of the Royal Netherlands Navy built by NSM Amsterdam.-External links:*...
    
    
  • Zeven Provinciën

• Norway:
  • Tordenskjold class (KNM Tordenskjold
    HNoMS Tordenskjold
    HNoMS Tordenskjold, known locally as Panserskipet Tordenskjold, was a Norwegian coastal defence ship. She, her sister-ship , and the slightly newer were built as a part as the general rearmament in the time leading up to the events in 1905...
    
     and KNM Harald Haarfagre
    HNoMS Harald Haarfagre
    HNoMS Harald Haarfagre, known locally as Panserskipet Harald Haarfagre, was a Norwegian coastal defence ship. She, her sister-ship and the slightly newer were built as part of the general rearmament in the time leading up to the events in 1905...
    
    )
  • Eidsvold class
    Eidsvold class battleship
    The Eidsvold class was a class of coastal defence ships, two of which were built for the Royal Norwegian Navy in 1899 by Armstrong Whitworth. The class consisted of two ships, the HNoMS Eidsvold and HNoMS Norge...
    
     (Eidsvold
    HNoMS Eidsvold
    HNoMS Eidsvold, or Panserskipet Eidsvold in Norwegian, was a coastal defence ship and the lead ship of her class, serving in the Royal Norwegian Navy...
    
     and Norge
    HNoMS Norge
    HNoMS Norge was a coastal defence ship of the Eidsvold class in the Royal Norwegian Navy. Built by Armstrong Whitworth at Newcastle on Tyne in 1899, she was obsolete when torpedoed and sunk by German destroyers in Narvik harbour on 9 April 1940.-Description:Built as part of the general rearmament...
    
    )
  • Bjørgvin class (Bjørgvin and Nidaros) - (requisitioned by the Royal Navy during World War I while under construction, completed and served as the monitors HMS Glatton
    HMS Glatton (1914)
    HMS Glatton and her sister ship were originally built as coastal defence ships for the Royal Norwegian Navy, as Bjørgvin and Nidaros respectively. She was purchased from Norway at the beginning of World War I, but was not completed until 1918 although she had been launched over three years earlier...
    
     and Gorgon
    HMS Gorgon (1914)
    HMS Gorgon and her sister ship were two monitors originally built as coastal defence ships for the Royal Norwegian Navy, as HNoMS Nidaros and Bjørgvin respectively, by Armstrong Whitworth at Elswick. She was purchased from Norway at the beginning of the First World War, but was not completed until...
    
    )

• Portugal:
  • Vasco da Gama

• Russia:
  • early monitors
    Uragan class monitor
    The Uragan class was a class of monitors built for the Baltic Fleet of the Imperial Russian Navy. The ships were built to the plans of the American Passaic-class monitors, a design that was tested on a smaller scale on the USS Monitor...
    
     (11 units), floating battaries (3 units), armoured turret boats (2 units), armoured turret frigates (4 units) of period 1865-1871
  • Novgorod class (1874) - later reclassifed as "Coastal Defence Armour-Clad Ships"
    • Novgorod
    • Vice-Admiral Popov
  • Admiral Ushakov class
    Admiral Ushakov class coast defense ship
    The Admiral Ushakov-class were coast defense battleships built for the Imperial Russian Navy during the 1890s to counter armored ships of the Swedish Navy. All three ships were stationed in the Baltic Sea when the Russo-Japanese war began and sailed with the Baltic Fleet around the Cape of Good...
    
     (1895-1935)
    • Admiral Ushakov
    • Admiral Seniavin
    • General-Admiral Apraksin)

• Sweden:
  • Svea class
    Svea class coastal defence ship
    The Svea class was a class of coastal defence ships of the Swedish Navy. The class comprised Svea, Göta and Thule.-Dimensions and machinery:The ships of the class were long, had a draught of , and had a displacement of 3,200 ton...
    
     (Svea, Göta and Thule)
  • Oden class (Oden, Thor and Niord)
  • Dristigheten
    HMS Dristigheten
    HMS Dristigheten was a Swedish Navy Pansarskepp. She was launched 28 April 1900. She was rebuilt as a seaplane tender shortly before World War II....
    
    
  • Äran class
    Äran class coastal defence ship
    The Äran class was a class of coastal defence ships of the Swedish Navy. The class comprised Äran, Wasa, Tapperheten and Manligheten.-Dimensions and machinery:...
    
     (Äran
    HMS Äran
    HMS Äran was a Swedish first class coastal defence ship . She was used briefly during World War II in the Baltic sea first in the Ålands eskader later in the Karlskrona eskader. This type of ship is commonly known as a coastal defence battleship. Having entered service on 7 September 1902, she was...
    
    , Wasa, Tapperheten and Manligheten)
  • Oscar II
  • Sverige class (Sverige
    HMS Sverige
    Sverige was a Swedish Coastal defence ship during the last year of World War I and onward into the 1950s. Her cost was approximately 12 million kronor in 1912, and the entire sum was raised in public in a nationwide fundraising campaign that gained over 15 million The fundraising was done because...
    
    , Gustav V
    HMS Gustav V
    HMS Gustav V was a Sverige-class coastal defence ship of the Swedish navy.-External links:...
    
     and Drottning Victoria
    HMS Drottning Victoria
    HMS Drottning Victoria was a Sverige class Coastal defence ship of the Swedish Navy....
    
    )

• Thailand:
  • Ratanakosin (First) class (HTMS Ratanakosin (First) and HTMS Sukhothai (First))
  • Thonburi class (HTMS Sri Ayuthiya
    HTMS Sri Ayuthiya
    The HTMS Sri Ayuthiya was a coastal defense ship of the Royal Thai Navy. She participated in the Battle of Koh Chang where she was damaged.- References :...
    
    and HTMS Dhonburi
    Dhonburi
    The HTMS Thonburi was a coastal defense ship of the Royal Thai Navy.- Design :The Thonburi and her sister ship, , were designed following the incorporation of the earlier s into the Siamese Navy in the 1920s. The Ratanakosindra class were British-built ships which featured six-inch guns in two...
    
    )

• India:
  • Cerberus class breastwork monitor
    Breastwork monitor
    A breastwork monitor was one of a number of ships designed by Sir Edward Reed, the Chief Constructor of the Royal Navy between 1863 and 1870....
    
    

• • • HMS Magdala
      HMS Magdala (1870)
      HMS Magdala was a breastwork monitor of the Royal Navy, built specifically to serve as a coastal defence ship for the harbour of Bombay in the late 1860s. She was ordered by the India Office for the Bombay Marine. The original specifications were thought to be too expensive and a cheaper design...
      
      )
  • HMS Abyssinia
    HMS Abyssinia (1870)
    HMS Abyssinia was a breastwork monitor ordered, designed and built by J & W Dudgeon specifically for the Bombay Marine for the defence of the harbour at Bombay....
    
     - half-sister to Magdala
• British Colony of Victoria
  Victoria (Australia)
  Victoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania on Boundary Islet to the north, west and south respectively....
  
  :
  • Cerberus class
    • HMVS Cerberus
      HMVS Cerberus
      HMVS Cerberus is a breastwork monitor that served in the Victoria Naval Forces, the Commonwealth Naval Forces , and the Royal Australian Navy between 1871 and 1924....
      
      

External links