Chinese people in Japan
Encyclopedia
Chinese people in Japan consist of migrants from China
to Japan
and their descendants. They have a history going back for centuries.
live in major urban areas, such as Tokyo
, Yokohama
, and Osaka
, the latter two of which have a recognised Chinatown
as well as schools which use Chinese
as the medium of instruction.
One 1995 study estimated the Chinese population in Japan to be 150,000, among whom 50,000 to 100,000 spoke Chinese; five years later, Japanese governmental statistics showed 335,575 Chinese residents.
, a Qin Dynasty
court sorcerer, was sent by Qin Shi Huang
to Penglai Mountain
(Mount Fuji
) in 219 BC
to retrieve an elixir of life
. Unwilling to return without the elixir, the myth asserts that Xu instead chose to settle in Japan.
However, Japan's first verifiable Chinese visitor was the Buddhist missionary Hui Shen, whose 499 AD
visit to an island east of China
known as Fusang
, typically identified with modern-day Japan, was described in the 7th-century Liang Shu
. Chinese people are also known to have settled in Okinawa during the Sanzan period
; the people of the village of Kumemura
, for example, are alleged to all be descended from Chinese immigrants.
lived in Japan; many of them resided in Tokyo's Kanda
district.
Chinese immigrants to Japan, typically referred to as shin-kakyō, have come to Japan from both Taiwan
and mainland China
.
Many famous Chinese intellectuals have studied in Japan, among them Sun Yat-sen
, Lu Xun
, and Zhou Enlai
.
, after several death
s.
left behind in China after World War II
have migrated to Japan with the assistance of the Japanese government, bringing along their Chinese spouses and children.
restaurants in Japan
serve a fairly distinct style of Chinese cuisine
. Though in the past Chinese cuisine would have been primarily available in Chinatown
s such as those in port cities of Kobe
, Nagasaki, or Yokohama
, Japanese-style Chinese cuisine is now commonly available all over Japan
. As Japanese restaurants are often specialized to offer only one sort of dish, cuisine is focused primarily on dishes found within three distinct types of restaurants: ramen
restaurants, dim sum
houses, and standard Chinese-style restaurants.
has publicly used controversial terms such as sangokujin
to refer to Chinese staying illegally in Japan, and implied that they might engage in rioting and looting in the aftermath of a disaster.
on cultural visas
. As Japanese immigration law does not provide mechanisms for the entry of unskilled workers, and admission under a student visa requires the approval of a recognised university, prospective workers instead apply to study in language schools, which are more lightly regulated. Business owners with a need for low-cost labour have been known to open language schools as fronts for the importation of Chinese workers.
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
to Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
and their descendants. They have a history going back for centuries.
Population and distribution
Most Chinese residents in JapanJapan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
live in major urban areas, such as Tokyo
Tokyo
, ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...
, Yokohama
Yokohama
is the capital city of Kanagawa Prefecture and the second largest city in Japan by population after Tokyo and most populous municipality of Japan. It lies on Tokyo Bay, south of Tokyo, in the Kantō region of the main island of Honshu...
, and Osaka
Osaka
is a city in the Kansai region of Japan's main island of Honshu, a designated city under the Local Autonomy Law, the capital city of Osaka Prefecture and also the biggest part of Keihanshin area, which is represented by three major cities of Japan, Kyoto, Osaka and Kobe...
, the latter two of which have a recognised Chinatown
Chinatown
A Chinatown is an ethnic enclave of overseas Chinese people, although it is often generalized to include various Southeast Asian people. Chinatowns exist throughout the world, including East Asia, Southeast Asia, the Americas, Australasia, and Europe. Binondo's Chinatown located in Manila,...
as well as schools which use Chinese
Chinese language
The Chinese language is a language or language family consisting of varieties which are mutually intelligible to varying degrees. Originally the indigenous languages spoken by the Han Chinese in China, it forms one of the branches of Sino-Tibetan family of languages...
as the medium of instruction.
One 1995 study estimated the Chinese population in Japan to be 150,000, among whom 50,000 to 100,000 spoke Chinese; five years later, Japanese governmental statistics showed 335,575 Chinese residents.
Pre-modern era
A Chinese legend of uncertain provenance states that Xu FuXu Fu
Xú Fú ; was born in 255 BC in Qi, and served as a court sorcerer in Qin Dynasty China. He was sent by Qin Shi Huang to the eastern seas twice to look for the elixir of life. His two journeys occurred between 219 BC and 210 BC. It was believed that the fleet included 60 barques and around 5,000 crew...
, a Qin Dynasty
Qin Dynasty
The Qin Dynasty was the first imperial dynasty of China, lasting from 221 to 207 BC. The Qin state derived its name from its heartland of Qin, in modern-day Shaanxi. The strength of the Qin state was greatly increased by the legalist reforms of Shang Yang in the 4th century BC, during the Warring...
court sorcerer, was sent by Qin Shi Huang
Qin Shi Huang
Qin Shi Huang , personal name Ying Zheng , was king of the Chinese State of Qin from 246 BC to 221 BC during the Warring States Period. He became the first emperor of a unified China in 221 BC...
to Penglai Mountain
Penglai Mountain
Mount Penglai , or Penglai Island , is a mystical land found in Chinese mythology. The legend also passed into Japan, where it took shape as the legend of .-Location:...
(Mount Fuji
Mount Fuji
is the highest mountain in Japan at . An active stratovolcano that last erupted in 1707–08, Mount Fuji lies about south-west of Tokyo, and can be seen from there on a clear day. Mount Fuji's exceptionally symmetrical cone is a well-known symbol of Japan and it is frequently depicted in art and...
) in 219 BC
219 BC
Year 219 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Paullus and Salinator...
to retrieve an elixir of life
Elixir of life
The elixir of life, also known as the elixir of immortality and sometimes equated with the philosopher's stone, is a legendary potion, or drink, that grants the drinker eternal life and or eternal youth. Many practitioners of alchemy pursued it. The elixir of life was also said to be able to create...
. Unwilling to return without the elixir, the myth asserts that Xu instead chose to settle in Japan.
However, Japan's first verifiable Chinese visitor was the Buddhist missionary Hui Shen, whose 499 AD
499
Year 499 was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Iohannes without colleague...
visit to an island east of China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
known as Fusang
Fusang
Fusang or Fousang refers to several different entities in ancient Chinese literature, often either a mythological tree or a mysterious land to the East....
, typically identified with modern-day Japan, was described in the 7th-century Liang Shu
Book of Liang
The Book of Liang , was compiled under Yao Silian, completed in 635. The book heavily relied on his father, Yao Ca's original manuscript, as his comments were quoted in several chapters....
. Chinese people are also known to have settled in Okinawa during the Sanzan period
Sanzan period
The is a period of history of the Ryūkyū Kingdom that lasted from 1322 until 1429.The early 13th century saw a growth in the construction of Gusuku by a number of powerful kings leading to the emergence of three kingdoms in the 14th century: , and...
; the people of the village of Kumemura
Kumemura
Kumemura , located on Okinawa, in the port city of Naha and near the royal capital of Shuri, was a community of scholars, bureaucrats, and diplomats, and a center of culture and learning during the time of the Ryūkyū Kingdom...
, for example, are alleged to all be descended from Chinese immigrants.
Modern era
It was estimated that in 1906, more than six thousand Chinese studentsInternational student
According to Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development , international students are those who travel to a country different from their own for the purpose of tertiary study. Despite that, the definition of international students varies in each country in accordance to their own national...
lived in Japan; many of them resided in Tokyo's Kanda
Kanda, Tokyo
See also Kanda, Fukuoka and the disambiguation page for Kanda. is a district in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan. It encompasses about thirty neighborhoods...
district.
Post-WWII
Post-World War IIWorld War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
Chinese immigrants to Japan, typically referred to as shin-kakyō, have come to Japan from both Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
and mainland China
Mainland China
Mainland China, the Chinese mainland or simply the mainland, is a geopolitical term that refers to the area under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China . According to the Taipei-based Mainland Affairs Council, the term excludes the PRC Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and...
.
Foreign students
Sun Yat-sen
Sun Yat-sen was a Chinese doctor, revolutionary and political leader. As the foremost pioneer of Nationalist China, Sun is frequently referred to as the "Father of the Nation" , a view agreed upon by both the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China...
, Lu Xun
Lu Xun
Lu Xun or Lu Hsün , was the pen name of Zhou Shuren , one of the major Chinese writers of the 20th century. Considered by many to be the leading figure of modern Chinese literature, he wrote in baihua as well as classical Chinese...
, and Zhou Enlai
Zhou Enlai
Zhou Enlai was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from October 1949 until his death in January 1976...
.
Workers
The Industrial 'training scheme' used to bring Chinese workers to Japan has been criticized by lawyers as exploitationExploitation
This article discusses the term exploitation in the meaning of using something in an unjust or cruel manner.- As unjust benefit :In political economy, economics, and sociology, exploitation involves a persistent social relationship in which certain persons are being mistreated or unfairly used for...
, after several death
Karoshi
, which can be translated literally from Japanese as "death from overwork", is occupational sudden death. Although this category has a significant count, Japan is one of the few countries that reports it in the statistics as a separate category...
s.
Others
Many Japanese war orphansJapanese orphans in China
Japanese orphans in China consist primarily of children left behind by Japanese families repatriating to Japan in the aftermath of World War II. According to Chinese government figures, roughly 2,800 Japanese children were left behind in China after the war, 90% in Inner Mongolia and northeast...
left behind in China after World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
have migrated to Japan with the assistance of the Japanese government, bringing along their Chinese spouses and children.
Cuisine
ChineseChina
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
restaurants in Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
serve a fairly distinct style of Chinese cuisine
Chinese cuisine
Chinese cuisine is any of several styles originating in the regions of China, some of which have become highly popular in other parts of the world – from Asia to the Americas, Australia, Western Europe and Southern Africa...
. Though in the past Chinese cuisine would have been primarily available in Chinatown
Chinatown
A Chinatown is an ethnic enclave of overseas Chinese people, although it is often generalized to include various Southeast Asian people. Chinatowns exist throughout the world, including East Asia, Southeast Asia, the Americas, Australasia, and Europe. Binondo's Chinatown located in Manila,...
s such as those in port cities of Kobe
Kobe
, pronounced , is the fifth-largest city in Japan and is the capital city of Hyōgo Prefecture on the southern side of the main island of Honshū, approximately west of Osaka...
, Nagasaki, or Yokohama
Yokohama
is the capital city of Kanagawa Prefecture and the second largest city in Japan by population after Tokyo and most populous municipality of Japan. It lies on Tokyo Bay, south of Tokyo, in the Kantō region of the main island of Honshu...
, Japanese-style Chinese cuisine is now commonly available all over Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
. As Japanese restaurants are often specialized to offer only one sort of dish, cuisine is focused primarily on dishes found within three distinct types of restaurants: ramen
Ramen
is a Japanese noodle dish. It consists of Chinese-style wheat noodles served in a meat- or fish-based broth, often flavored with soy sauce or miso, and uses toppings such as , , kamaboko, green onions, and occasionally corn...
restaurants, dim sum
Dim sum
Dim sum refers to a style of Chinese food prepared as small bite-sized or individual portions of food traditionally served in small steamer baskets or on small plates...
houses, and standard Chinese-style restaurants.
Ethnic relations
Tokyo governor Shintaro IshiharaShintaro Ishihara
is a Japanese author, actor, politician and the governor of Tokyo since 1999.- Early life and artistic career :Shintarō was born in Suma-ku, Kobe. His father Kiyoshi was an employee, later a general manager, of a shipping company. Shintarō grew up in Zushi...
has publicly used controversial terms such as sangokujin
Sangokujin
is a Japanese term referring to ex-colonial nationals of Taiwan, Korea and China in the aftermath of World War II. The original term, which literally means "three country person", is said to have been coined to establish a separate political, social and legal status from Japanese.- Concept :In the...
to refer to Chinese staying illegally in Japan, and implied that they might engage in rioting and looting in the aftermath of a disaster.
Perception
There is a public perception in Japan that many Chinese immigrants come to Japan to engage in criminal activities. Some Chinese workers have entered Japan under false pretensesIllegal immigration
Illegal immigration is the migration into a nation in violation of the immigration laws of that jurisdiction. Illegal immigration raises many political, economical and social issues and has become a source of major controversy in developed countries and the more successful developing countries.In...
on cultural visas
Visa (document)
A visa is a document showing that a person is authorized to enter the territory for which it was issued, subject to permission of an immigration official at the time of actual entry. The authorization may be a document, but more commonly it is a stamp endorsed in the applicant's passport...
. As Japanese immigration law does not provide mechanisms for the entry of unskilled workers, and admission under a student visa requires the approval of a recognised university, prospective workers instead apply to study in language schools, which are more lightly regulated. Business owners with a need for low-cost labour have been known to open language schools as fronts for the importation of Chinese workers.
Notable individuals
This is a list of Chinese expatriates in Japan and Japanese citizens of Chinese descent.Early 20th
- Chen KenminChen KenminChen Kenmin was a Japanese chef of Chinese origin, also known as the father of Chen Kenichi, the Iron Chef Chinese on the television show Iron Chef....
, chef regarded as the "father of Sichuan cuisineSzechuan cuisineSzechuan cuisine, Sichuan cuisine, or Szechwan cuisine is a style of Chinese cuisine originating in the Sichuan Province of southwestern China famed for bold flavors, particularly the pungency and spiciness resulting from liberal use of garlic and chili peppers, as well as the unique flavour of...
" in Japan and father of Chen Kenichi - Go SeigenGo SeigenWu Qingyuan , generally known in the West by his Japanese name Go Seigen, is considered by many players to be the greatest player of the game of Go in the 20th century and of all time.-Biography:...
, professional GoGo (board game)Go , is an ancient board game for two players that originated in China more than 2,000 years ago...
player - Sun Yat-senSun Yat-senSun Yat-sen was a Chinese doctor, revolutionary and political leader. As the foremost pioneer of Nationalist China, Sun is frequently referred to as the "Father of the Nation" , a view agreed upon by both the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China...
, politician - Lu XunLu XunLu Xun or Lu Hsün , was the pen name of Zhou Shuren , one of the major Chinese writers of the 20th century. Considered by many to be the leading figure of modern Chinese literature, he wrote in baihua as well as classical Chinese...
, writer - Qiu JinQiu JinQiū Jǐn Courtesy names: Xuánqīng and Jìngxióng Sobriquet: The Woman Knight of Mirror Lake was a Chinese anti-Qing Empire revolutionary, feminist and writer...
, feminist - Shosei GoShosei GoShosei Go was a baseball player from Taiwan.Go was a leadoff man who played for the Tokyo Giants , Hanshin Tigers and Mainichi Orions . Only 5-foot-6 and 140 pounds, he was nicknamed "The Human Locomotive" due to his speed...
, professional baseball player - Chiang Kai-shekChiang Kai-shekChiang Kai-shek was a political and military leader of 20th century China. He is known as Jiǎng Jièshí or Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng in Mandarin....
, politician and general - Song JiaorenSong JiaorenSong Jiaoren was a Chinese republican revolutionary, political leader and a founder of the Kuomintang . He was assassinated in 1913 after leading his Kuomintang party to victory in China's first democratic elections...
, revolutionary and political figure, founder of TongmenghuiTongmenghuiThe Tongmenghui, also known as the Chinese United League, United League, Chinese Revolutionary Alliance, Chinese Alliance and United Allegiance Society, was a secret society and underground resistance movement formed when merging many Chinese revolutionary groups together by Sun Yat-sen, Song... - Jiang BailiJiang BailiJiang Baili was a Chinese military trainer.1899, Jiang entered Qiushi Academy in Hangzhou through examination . Afer becoming Xiucai in 1898, Jiang went abroad to study in the Imperial Japanese Army Academy. He graduated with the highest score and was honored a sword by Emperor Shōwa. He joined...
, general - Guo MoruoGuo MoruoGuo Moruo , courtesy name Dingtang , was a Chinese author, poet, historian, archaeologist, and government official from Sichuan, China.-Family history:Guo, originally named Guo Kaizhen, was born on November 10 or 16, in the small town of Shawan...
, poet and political figure - He YingqinHe YingqinHe Yingqin , also spelled Ho Ying-chin, was one of the most senior generals of the Kuomintang during Republican China, and a close ally of Chiang Kai-shek.-Early years:A native of Guizhou, He was healthy and bookish in his childhood...
, general - Wang JingweiWang JingweiWang Jingwei , alternate name Wang Zhaoming, was a Chinese politician. He was initially known as a member of the left wing of the Kuomintang , but later became increasingly anti-Communist after his efforts to collaborate with the CCP ended in political failure...
, revolutionary and political figure - Tai Chi-taoTai Chi-taoTai Chi-tao was a Chinese journalist, an early Kuomintang member, and the first head of the Examination Yuan of the Republic of China. He is often referred to as Dai Chuanxian or by his other courtesy name, Dai Xuantang .-Early life and education:Tai was born Dai Liangbi Tai Chi-tao was a...
, political figure - Chen DuxiuChen DuxiuChen Duxiu played many different roles in Chinese history. He was a leading figure in the anti-imperial Xinhai Revolution and the May Fourth Movement for Science and Democracy. Along with Li Dazhao, Chen was a co-founder of the Chinese Communist Party in 1921. He was its first General Secretary....
, co-founder of Chinese Communist Party - Li DazhaoLi DazhaoLi Dazhao was a Chinese intellectual who co-founded the Communist Party of China with Chen Duxiu in 1921.-Early life:...
, co-founder of Chinese Communist Party - Zhou ZuorenZhou ZuorenZhou Zuoren was a Chinese writer, primarily known as an essayist and a translator. He was the younger brother of Lu Xun , the second of three brothers.-Early life:...
, writer - Huang FuHuang FuHuáng Fú was a general and politician in early republican China. He was born in Hangzhou.-Biography:Huang studied at Zhejiang Military College and Qiushi Academy , later went to Japan. Huang came in contact with the Revolutionary Alliance while studying in a military academy in the Empire of Japan...
, general and politician - Chen QimeiChen QimeiChen Qimei was a Chinese revolutionary activist, close political ally of Sun Yat-sen, and early mentor of Chiang Kai-shek. He was as one of the founders of the Republic of China, and the uncle of Chen Guofu and Chen Lifu....
, revolutionary
Late 20th
- Momofuku AndoMomofuku Ando, ORS, was a Taiwanese-Japanese businessman who founded Nissin Food Products Co., Ltd. He is famed as the inventor of instant noodles and cup noodles.- Early life :...
, founder of Nissin Foods - Chen KenichiChen Kenichi, whose name is often romanized Chin Kenichi in Japanese sources, is a Han Chinese chef best known for his role as the Iron Chef Chinese on the television series Iron Chef. He wears a yellow outfit and rises into Kitchen Stadium holding a cleaver in his hand. He is the only Iron Chef to have held...
, longest-serving participant on Japanese cooking show Iron ChefIron Chefis a Japanese television cooking show produced by Fuji Television. The series, which premiered on October 10, 1992, is a stylized cook-off featuring guest chefs challenging one of the show's resident "Iron Chefs" in a timed cooking battle built around a specific theme ingredient. The series ended... - Agnes ChanAgnes ChanAgnes Chan or Agnes Miling Kaneko Chan is a pop singer, a television personality , a Doctor of Education, a professor at Japanese universities, an essayist, a novelist...
, pop singer, professor, and writer - Rissei Ō, professional Go player
- O MeienO MeienO Meien is a professional Go player.- Biography :Meien was born in Taipei, Taiwan. He is known for his quick fuseki and fighting ability. He became a pro in 1977, two years after moving to Japan. He advanced to 9 dan in 1992.- Titles and runners-up :-External Links:**...
, professional Go player - Rin KaihoRin KaihoRin Kaiho is a professional Go player.-Biography:Rin Kaiho was born in Shanghai, China. He was a student of Go Seigen when Go brought him to Japan in 1952. He was a promising player who won his first title at the age of 23, the Meijin. He is also part of the 1200 win group...
, professional Go player - Cho UCho UCho U Kisei, Oza is a professional Go player. He currently ranks 6th in the most titles won by a Japanese professional; his NEC Cup win in 2011 put him past his teacher Rin Kaiho and Norimoto Yoda. Cho is the only player in history to have held five of the top seven major titles...
, professional Go player - Chin ShunshinChin Shunshinis a Taiwanese-Japanese novelist, translator and cultural critic. He is best known for his historical fictions and mystery novels, including First Opium War, Chinese History, Ryukyu Wind.-Major works:*Roots of Dried Grass...
, novelist
21st
- Mo BangfuMo Bangfuis a Chinese columnist and economist in Japan.Mo taught the Japanese language at Shanghai International Studies University before obtaining his master’s and doctoral degree in 1985 in Japan....
, author - Tsuyoshi AbeTsuyoshi Abeis a Chinese Japanese actor in Japan. Of mixed Chinese and Japanese descent , he is able to speak both Mandarin and Japanese fluently....
, actor (3/4 Chinese, 1/4 Japanese) - Emi SuzukiEmi Suzukiis a Japanese fashion model and retired occasional actress. Widely known by her nickname Emichee, she has often been described as a "charismatic model" and is particularly popular among gyaru teenagers.-Early life:...
, female model (immigrant) - Wei SonWei Sonis a Japanese fashion model who has been active in both the professional and commercial modeling fields since the late 2000s. She is particularly known in the gal scene, as a former major contributor to the Popteen magazine and an exclusive model for its sister magazine PopSister...
, female model (immigrant) - LeenaLeena (model)Chen-yi Lee , better known as , is a Japanese fashion model best known for her regular appearances in the CanCam women's fashion magazine....
, female model (immigrant) - Qian LinQian LinQian Lin , better known in Japan as , is a former Morning Musume member, as well as a former member of Minimoni which she was the leader of. She was announced to be joining as the eighth generation of Morning Musume on March 15, 2007...
& Li ChunLi ChunLi Chun , better known in Japan as is a Japan-based Chinese singer. She is a former member of Morning Musume, She joined Morning Musume alongside Linlin in 2007...
, singers - Rola ChenRola ChenChen Yi , better known as Rola Chen, is a Chinese-born Japanese gravure idol from Hangzhou.-Early life:While in middle school, she was nicknamed "Flower" . According to Chen, in China, the most beautiful girl in a school earns this title...
, gravure idol
See also
- Anti-Japanese sentiment in ChinaAnti-Japanese sentiment in ChinaAnti-Japanese sentiment in China is an issue with modern roots . Modern anti-Japanese sentiment in China is often rooted in nationalist or historical conflict, particularly in Japan's Japanese history textbook controversies....
- Anti-Chinese sentiment in JapanAnti-Chinese sentiment in JapanAnti-Chinese sentiment in Japan has been present since as early as the Tokugawa period, and continues today as the Japanese warily watch "China's peaceful rise".-Tokugawa period:...
- ChinatownChinatownA Chinatown is an ethnic enclave of overseas Chinese people, although it is often generalized to include various Southeast Asian people. Chinatowns exist throughout the world, including East Asia, Southeast Asia, the Americas, Australasia, and Europe. Binondo's Chinatown located in Manila,...
- Chinatowns in AsiaChinatowns in AsiaChinatowns in Asia are widespread with a large concentration of overseas Chinese in East Asia and Southeast Asia and ethnic Chinese whose ancestors came from southern China - particularly the provinces of Guangdong, Fujian, and Hainan - and settled in countries such as Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia,...
- Yokohama ChinatownYokohama ChinatownYokohama Chinatown is located in Yokohama, Japan, which is located just south of Tokyo. Its history is about 150 years long...
- Kobe ChinatownKobe ChinatownKobe Chinatown is located in Kobe, Japan. One of only 3 designated Chinatowns in Japan, Nankinmachi is situated south of Motomachi station adjacent to the elegant Daimaru Department Store. This small, yet lively enclave is home to not only one of the few remaining Chinese communities in the...
- Nagasaki ChinatownNagasaki ChinatownNagasaki Chinatown is located in Nagasaki, Japan. This area today is a big shopping strip that covers many blocks.-History:...
- IkebukuroIkebukurois a commercial and entertainment district in Toshima, Tokyo, Japan. Toshima ward offices, Ikebukuro station, and several shops, restaurants, and enormous department stores are located within city limits....
Chinatown
- Yokohama Chinatown
- KumemuraKumemuraKumemura , located on Okinawa, in the port city of Naha and near the royal capital of Shuri, was a community of scholars, bureaucrats, and diplomats, and a center of culture and learning during the time of the Ryūkyū Kingdom...
- Japanese orphans in ChinaJapanese orphans in ChinaJapanese orphans in China consist primarily of children left behind by Japanese families repatriating to Japan in the aftermath of World War II. According to Chinese government figures, roughly 2,800 Japanese children were left behind in China after the war, 90% in Inner Mongolia and northeast...
- Japanese people in ChinaJapanese people in ChinaJapanese people in China are Japanese nationals residing in China or Japanese emigrants to China and their descendants. As of October 2009, the number of Japanese nationals living in China is 127,282 according to a report by the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the third largest group of...
- Ainu peopleAinu peopleThe , also called Aynu, Aino , and in historical texts Ezo , are indigenous people or groups in Japan and Russia. Historically they spoke the Ainu language and related varieties and lived in Hokkaidō, the Kuril Islands, and much of Sakhalin...
- RyukyuansRyukyuansThe are the indigenous peoples of the Ryukyu Islands between the islands of Kyūshū and Taiwan. The generally recognized subgroups of Ryukyuans are Amamians, Okinawans, Miyakoans, Yaeyamans, and Yonagunians. Geographically, they live in either Okinawa Prefecture or Kagoshima Prefecture...
- Yamato peopleYamato peopleis a name for the dominant native ethnic group of Japan. It is a term that came to be used around the late 19th century to distinguish the residents of the mainland Japan from other minority ethnic groups who have resided in the peripheral areas of Japan, such as the Ainu, Ryukyuan, Nivkh, Ulta, as...