Av Pak
Encyclopedia
Av Pak is a traditional blouse
dress worn by females of all ages in Cambodia
; the name literally translates as embroidery
shirt
. They are mostly made of silk embroidered with plain stamped cotton. With the highly share common from Indonesia's Kebaya
, the blouse always embroidered with several elaborate gold-thread all around the part of the blouse. It always worn with Sampot
Hol, showing the more formal and elegant of its gold thread for Khmer tradition. However, Sarong
still frequently used by Muslim
ethnic like Cham and Java
in the country.
In general, Av Pak was recognize to Khmer people
as modern classical suit today due to the embroidery had introduced to Cambodia
long times ago but the blouse is reach its peak to Khmer people during the early 21st century, when the blouse had represent to Cambodian as the national costume, high class dress and comfortable suit than previously ancient upper garment such as Av Bopock, a tube shirt but like more as the long dress which most of Khmer lady stopped wearing it cause of their embarrassing and made them look like a Cham people
and Sabai
, a shawl like shoulder cloth kept its fashionable, traced back the Khmer Empire
era but lost its popularity today according to the thoughts of this cloth showed too skin, naked one shoulder which impacted the graceful of women.
of Indonesia
in the way its decoration, material using and style, followed the original craft from its origin. No trace had been found if this blouse was invented during Angkor period
due to most Angkorian always had top exposed.
Av Pak was look forward to introduced at the late of Chatomok era
and heavily import to the country in the Flourish of Lovek
region between the 14th and 15th centuries. The main premise is said to the Port
trading
between Cambodia
and Majapahit kingdom came to its peak. The costume also associated with Muslim
one by one when The Fall of Champa
, left thousand of Cham people to settle down in Cambodia
, brought with them their Craft
, Art
and especially Embroidery
, the main skill for producing each Av Pak . As its illustration that the clothing of the country during Lovek
period was on the Java
wave concluded on the main fashion such as Av Bopock (tube shirt). Their Kebaya
had its greater to Cambodian Clothing
at that times but unlike them, The influenced of Kebaya to Cambodian's shirt was not combination but separated to their own in three main difference which Av Pak was among the one. The Kebeya which introduced to The Khmer court, worn usually by the primary Queen was baju kebaya, transformed to Av Sarabap as its material was Sampot
Charabap with the same decoration style along the Pleat
. Another form was "nyonya kebaya" which its arrival to Cambodia
came from Portuguese adventurers
in the late 16th century.This Style had changed to Khmer version known as Av Tneal Pkal according to its Pleat was on the fringle like flower up from Collar to the end of shirt. Finally, popular Av Pak had its origin from The Kebaya worn in Java
, Bali
and Sunda
which retained strongly on Embroidery like Av Pak. The Earliest Av Pak in Cambodia was the white shirt with the long arm but no pleat like T shirt with the whole part of clothes were in Embroidery
upon the Silk
, a bit similar to the Sweater
. It usually worn by rich lady but as Began in Embroidery
, most of blouse part were Slender, easily to show skin. So The Part from Chest to Stomach always embroidered very tangle, attachable and narrow to known that this part was no showing skin. However, to be more conscientiously kept their title, the lady usually used an expensive Fabric
in Pidan
for more wealthy, wrapped around their chest hold with gold or silver pin at the tob of its joint. This original forms then transfer to had Pleat at the front like Kebaya
for decreased its too body-hugging and more formal for old lady to worn it when took offering to Pagoda
. The Av Pak then lost its reputation during the next period due to the war and influenced from Siam and Vietnam
in forcing.
During Cambodia Colonial of France
, The first photographic evidence of Av Pak had found, showed Court lady
s of king Sisowath
, worn those three form of Kebaya influenced. With six of them, each two worn one style. The Av Pak, the two lady worn may had been influenced from Europe according to the bloat short arm. Either than them, Nobody known to worn the Shirt. However, The Countrysider still installed The Pleat Av Pak into Their livelihood's clothing in some formal day.
After Post-Independence Cambodia, Av Pak had survived, worn by Some Actress in their Delegation at some special occasion but it lead no famous among its female wearer, defeated by a popular fashion of that era were The Brassiere which developed into the amount of model.
However, After the fall of Khmer rouge, in late 20th century and early 21st century, The Av Pak had introduced strongly to public after an Unknown Tailor had brought an Av Pak into a cultural show. Becoming The golden age of Av Pak, all form of the blouse from the ex period had revived in the same times convert its self into the huge number of fashion style, listed about all tailors house in the country already respect Av Pak into their sewing and Already made dress job. Today, Av Pak has the important role in Fashion for worn in Special Occasion, Traditional Festival and Some Cultural show.
Blouse
A blouse is a loose-fitting upper garment that was formerly worn by workmen, peasants, artists, women and children. It is typically gathered at the waist so that it hangs loosely over the wearer's body. Today, the word most commonly refers to a woman's shirt but can also refer to a man's shirt if...
dress worn by females of all ages in Cambodia
Cambodia
Cambodia , officially known as the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia...
; the name literally translates as embroidery
Embroidery
Embroidery is the art or handicraft of decorating fabric or other materials with needle and thread or yarn. Embroidery may also incorporate other materials such as metal strips, pearls, beads, quills, and sequins....
shirt
Shirt
A shirt is a cloth garment for the upper body. Originally an undergarment worn exclusively by men, it has become, in American English, a catch-all term for almost any garment other than outerwear such as sweaters, coats, jackets, or undergarments such as bras, vests or base layers...
. They are mostly made of silk embroidered with plain stamped cotton. With the highly share common from Indonesia's Kebaya
Kebaya
A Kebaya is a traditional blouse-dress combination worn by women in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Burma, Singapore, southern Thailand. It is sometimes made from sheer material and usually worn with a sarong or batik kain panjang, or other traditional woven garment such as ikat, songket with a...
, the blouse always embroidered with several elaborate gold-thread all around the part of the blouse. It always worn with Sampot
Sampot
The sampot is a long, rectangular cloth worn around the lower body. It can be draped and folded in several different ways. The traditional dress is similar to the dhoti of Southern Asia...
Hol, showing the more formal and elegant of its gold thread for Khmer tradition. However, Sarong
Sarong
A sarong or sarung is a large tube or length of fabric, often wrapped around the waist and worn as a kilt by men and as a skirt by women throughout much of South Asia, Southeast Asia, the Arabian Peninsula, the Horn of Africa, and on many Pacific islands. The fabric most often has woven plaid or...
still frequently used by Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
ethnic like Cham and Java
Java
Java is an island of Indonesia. With a population of 135 million , it is the world's most populous island, and one of the most densely populated regions in the world. It is home to 60% of Indonesia's population. The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is in west Java...
in the country.
In general, Av Pak was recognize to Khmer people
Khmer people
Khmer people are the predominant ethnic group in Cambodia, accounting for approximately 90% of the 14.8 million people in the country. They speak the Khmer language, which is part of the larger Mon–Khmer language family found throughout Southeast Asia...
as modern classical suit today due to the embroidery had introduced to Cambodia
Cambodia
Cambodia , officially known as the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia...
long times ago but the blouse is reach its peak to Khmer people during the early 21st century, when the blouse had represent to Cambodian as the national costume, high class dress and comfortable suit than previously ancient upper garment such as Av Bopock, a tube shirt but like more as the long dress which most of Khmer lady stopped wearing it cause of their embarrassing and made them look like a Cham people
and Sabai
Sabai
Sbai or Sabai shawl-like garment, or breast cloth worn in Mainland Southeast Asia. The term Sabai is used for a woman's silk breast wrapper in Cambodia, Central Thailand and Laos while in Coastal Sumatra it described as Shouldercloth...
, a shawl like shoulder cloth kept its fashionable, traced back the Khmer Empire
Khmer Empire
The Khmer Empire was one of the most powerful empires in Southeast Asia. The empire, which grew out of the former kingdom of Chenla, at times ruled over and/or vassalized parts of modern-day Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Burma, and Malaysia. Its greatest legacy is Angkor, the site of the capital city...
era but lost its popularity today according to the thoughts of this cloth showed too skin, naked one shoulder which impacted the graceful of women.
History
Av Pak was totally influenced from KebayaKebaya
A Kebaya is a traditional blouse-dress combination worn by women in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Burma, Singapore, southern Thailand. It is sometimes made from sheer material and usually worn with a sarong or batik kain panjang, or other traditional woven garment such as ikat, songket with a...
of Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
in the way its decoration, material using and style, followed the original craft from its origin. No trace had been found if this blouse was invented during Angkor period
Khmer Empire
The Khmer Empire was one of the most powerful empires in Southeast Asia. The empire, which grew out of the former kingdom of Chenla, at times ruled over and/or vassalized parts of modern-day Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Burma, and Malaysia. Its greatest legacy is Angkor, the site of the capital city...
due to most Angkorian always had top exposed.
Av Pak was look forward to introduced at the late of Chatomok era
Phnom Penh
Phnom Penh is the capital and largest city of Cambodia. Located on the banks of the Mekong River, Phnom Penh has been the national capital since the French colonized Cambodia, and has grown to become the nation's center of economic and industrial activities, as well as the center of security,...
and heavily import to the country in the Flourish of Lovek
Lovek
Longvek was a city in ancient Cambodia, the capital city of the country after the sacking of Angkor by the Siamese in 1431. Little more than a village today in Kampong Chhnang Province, it lies just north of Oudong....
region between the 14th and 15th centuries. The main premise is said to the Port
Port
A port is a location on a coast or shore containing one or more harbors where ships can dock and transfer people or cargo to or from land....
trading
Trade
Trade is the transfer of ownership of goods and services from one person or entity to another. Trade is sometimes loosely called commerce or financial transaction or barter. A network that allows trade is called a market. The original form of trade was barter, the direct exchange of goods and...
between Cambodia
Cambodia
Cambodia , officially known as the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia...
and Majapahit kingdom came to its peak. The costume also associated with Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
one by one when The Fall of Champa
Champa
The kingdom of Champa was an Indianized kingdom that controlled what is now southern and central Vietnam from approximately the 7th century through to 1832.The Cham people are remnants...
, left thousand of Cham people to settle down in Cambodia
Cambodia
Cambodia , officially known as the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia...
, brought with them their Craft
Craft
A craft is a branch of a profession that requires some particular kind of skilled work. In historical sense, particularly as pertinent to the Medieval history and earlier, the term is usually applied towards people occupied in small-scale production of goods.-Development from the past until...
, Art
Art
Art is the product or process of deliberately arranging items in a way that influences and affects one or more of the senses, emotions, and intellect....
and especially Embroidery
Embroidery
Embroidery is the art or handicraft of decorating fabric or other materials with needle and thread or yarn. Embroidery may also incorporate other materials such as metal strips, pearls, beads, quills, and sequins....
, the main skill for producing each Av Pak . As its illustration that the clothing of the country during Lovek
Lovek
Longvek was a city in ancient Cambodia, the capital city of the country after the sacking of Angkor by the Siamese in 1431. Little more than a village today in Kampong Chhnang Province, it lies just north of Oudong....
period was on the Java
Java
Java is an island of Indonesia. With a population of 135 million , it is the world's most populous island, and one of the most densely populated regions in the world. It is home to 60% of Indonesia's population. The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is in west Java...
wave concluded on the main fashion such as Av Bopock (tube shirt). Their Kebaya
Kebaya
A Kebaya is a traditional blouse-dress combination worn by women in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Burma, Singapore, southern Thailand. It is sometimes made from sheer material and usually worn with a sarong or batik kain panjang, or other traditional woven garment such as ikat, songket with a...
had its greater to Cambodian Clothing
Cambodian clothing
Cambodian Clothing also known as the fashion of Cambodia is refer to the style-dress, both from ancient times to present worn by Khmer people.-Textiles:...
at that times but unlike them, The influenced of Kebaya to Cambodian's shirt was not combination but separated to their own in three main difference which Av Pak was among the one. The Kebeya which introduced to The Khmer court, worn usually by the primary Queen was baju kebaya, transformed to Av Sarabap as its material was Sampot
Sampot
The sampot is a long, rectangular cloth worn around the lower body. It can be draped and folded in several different ways. The traditional dress is similar to the dhoti of Southern Asia...
Charabap with the same decoration style along the Pleat
Pleat
A pleat is a type of fold formed by doubling fabric back upon itself and securing it in place. It is commonly used in clothing and upholstery to gather a wide piece of fabric to a narrower circumference....
. Another form was "nyonya kebaya" which its arrival to Cambodia
Cambodia
Cambodia , officially known as the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia...
came from Portuguese adventurers
Portugal
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...
in the late 16th century.This Style had changed to Khmer version known as Av Tneal Pkal according to its Pleat was on the fringle like flower up from Collar to the end of shirt. Finally, popular Av Pak had its origin from The Kebaya worn in Java
Java
Java is an island of Indonesia. With a population of 135 million , it is the world's most populous island, and one of the most densely populated regions in the world. It is home to 60% of Indonesia's population. The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is in west Java...
, Bali
Bali
Bali is an Indonesian island located in the westernmost end of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east...
and Sunda
Sunda
Sunda may refer to:In Indonesia:-* Sunda Islands, a group of islands located in Indonesia and Malaysia** Greater Sunda Islands** Lesser Sunda Islands* Sunda Strait, the strait between Java and Sumatra...
which retained strongly on Embroidery like Av Pak. The Earliest Av Pak in Cambodia was the white shirt with the long arm but no pleat like T shirt with the whole part of clothes were in Embroidery
Embroidery
Embroidery is the art or handicraft of decorating fabric or other materials with needle and thread or yarn. Embroidery may also incorporate other materials such as metal strips, pearls, beads, quills, and sequins....
upon the Silk
Silk
Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The best-known type of silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity...
, a bit similar to the Sweater
Sweater
A sweater, jumper, pullover, sweatshirt, jersey or guernsey is a garment intended to cover the torso and arms. It is often worn over a shirt, blouse, T-shirt, or other top, but may also be worn alone as a top...
. It usually worn by rich lady but as Began in Embroidery
Embroidery
Embroidery is the art or handicraft of decorating fabric or other materials with needle and thread or yarn. Embroidery may also incorporate other materials such as metal strips, pearls, beads, quills, and sequins....
, most of blouse part were Slender, easily to show skin. So The Part from Chest to Stomach always embroidered very tangle, attachable and narrow to known that this part was no showing skin. However, to be more conscientiously kept their title, the lady usually used an expensive Fabric
Fabric
A fabric is a textile material, short for "textile fabric".Fabric may also refer to:*Fabric , the spatial and geometric configuration of elements within a rock*Fabric , a nightclub in London, England...
in Pidan
Pidan (textile)
A pidan is a type of silk cloth used in Cambodian weddings, funerals, and Buddhist ceremonies as a canopy or tapestry. Pidan are often decorated with images of wats, nāgas, apsaras, scenes from the life of Buddha, Angkor Wat, animals , and...
for more wealthy, wrapped around their chest hold with gold or silver pin at the tob of its joint. This original forms then transfer to had Pleat at the front like Kebaya
Kebaya
A Kebaya is a traditional blouse-dress combination worn by women in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Burma, Singapore, southern Thailand. It is sometimes made from sheer material and usually worn with a sarong or batik kain panjang, or other traditional woven garment such as ikat, songket with a...
for decreased its too body-hugging and more formal for old lady to worn it when took offering to Pagoda
Pagoda
A pagoda is the general term in the English language for a tiered tower with multiple eaves common in Nepal, India, China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam and other parts of Asia. Some pagodas are used as Taoist houses of worship. Most pagodas were built to have a religious function, most commonly Buddhist,...
. The Av Pak then lost its reputation during the next period due to the war and influenced from Siam and Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
in forcing.
During Cambodia Colonial of France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, The first photographic evidence of Av Pak had found, showed Court lady
Lady-in-waiting
A lady-in-waiting is a female personal assistant at a royal court, attending on a queen, a princess, or a high-ranking noblewoman. Historically, in Europe a lady-in-waiting was often a noblewoman from a family highly thought of in good society, but was of lower rank than the woman on whom she...
s of king Sisowath
Sisowath of Cambodia
Sisowath I was king of Cambodia from 1904 to his death in 1927.Sisowath was born in Battambang in Cambodia. He was the son of King Ang Duong and half brother of Prince Si Votha and King Norodom....
, worn those three form of Kebaya influenced. With six of them, each two worn one style. The Av Pak, the two lady worn may had been influenced from Europe according to the bloat short arm. Either than them, Nobody known to worn the Shirt. However, The Countrysider still installed The Pleat Av Pak into Their livelihood's clothing in some formal day.
After Post-Independence Cambodia, Av Pak had survived, worn by Some Actress in their Delegation at some special occasion but it lead no famous among its female wearer, defeated by a popular fashion of that era were The Brassiere which developed into the amount of model.
However, After the fall of Khmer rouge, in late 20th century and early 21st century, The Av Pak had introduced strongly to public after an Unknown Tailor had brought an Av Pak into a cultural show. Becoming The golden age of Av Pak, all form of the blouse from the ex period had revived in the same times convert its self into the huge number of fashion style, listed about all tailors house in the country already respect Av Pak into their sewing and Already made dress job. Today, Av Pak has the important role in Fashion for worn in Special Occasion, Traditional Festival and Some Cultural show.