Alister MacKenzie
Encyclopedia
Dr. Alister MacKenzie was an internationally renowned, British
golf course architect whose course designs, on three different continents, are consistently ranked among the finest golf courses in the world. Originally trained as a surgeon
, MacKenzie served as a civilian doctor with the British army during the Boer War
where he first became aware of the principles of camouflage
. During World War I
, MacKenzie made his own significant contributions to military camouflage
, which he saw as closely related to golf course design.
in Yorkshire, England to parents of Scottish extraction. His mother, Mary Jane Smith MacKenzie had family roots in Glasgow. His father, William Scobie MacKenzie, a medical doctor, had been born and raised in the Scottish Highlands
near Lochinvar. From the earliest, MacKenzie was raised as a Scotsman. Although christened after his paternal grandfather Alexander, he was called "Alister" (Gaelic for Alexander) from birth. As a youth, MacKenzie and his family spent Summers near Lochnivar, on what had been traditional Clan MacKenzie
lands from 1670-1745. MacKenzie's strong identification with his Scottish roots featured prominently in many aspects of his later life.
. Initially trained as a medical doctor, he served as a surgeon with the Somerset Regiment in South Africa
during the Second Boer War
(Doak 2001).
, England dating back as far as the mid-1890s. In 1907, he was one of the founding members of Alwoodley Golf Club, where he served as both Honorary Secretary (1907-1909) and Club Captain (1912-1913). Although Harry Colt was the course architect of record when Alwoodley was laid out, it also provided MacKenzie with the first opportunity to put many of his own golf course design theories to practical test. These included: undualting greens, long and narrow greens angled from the center of the fairway, fairly large and free form bunker shapes, substantial additional contouring. All of these would remain part of his "signature style" throughout his career.
In 1914, MacKenzie won a golf hole design competition organized by Country Life, one of the era's leading magazines. He then took an active interest in course improvements at his own clubs, serving on committees for this purpose, and gained fundamental experience in the newly-emerging discipline of golf course design. He charted the Old Course at St. Andrews in great detail, producing a map which remains world-famous to the present day.
Following World War I, MacKenzie left medicine entirely, and began to work instead as a golf course designer in the United Kingdom
, in association with Harry Shapland Colt and Charles Alison, with whom he formed the London firm of Colt, MacKenzie & Alison. He excelled at golf course planning.
By his own admission, he thought he had learned a lot about the golf course planning from having designed camouflage. There are references to the latter in his first book on course design, called Golf Architecture (MacKenzie 1920), such as when he writes that “there is an extraordinary resemblance between what is now known as the camouflage of military earthworks and golf-course construction” (p. 128), or later, when he states that there “are many other attributes in common between the successful golf architect and the camoufleur. Both, if not actually artists, must have an artistic temperament, and have had an education in science” (pp. 129–130). In that same book, he also writes that “the chief object of every golf course architect worth his salt is to imitate the beauties of nature [and presumably also the hazards] so closely as to make his work indistinguishable from nature itself.” [1]
"Golf Architecture" - once a very hard to find and sought after book - was selected by Herbert Warren Wind
to be included in his Classics of Golf Library.
MacKenzie worked in an era before large scale earth moving became a major factor in golf course construction, and his designs are notable for their sensitivity to the nature of the original site. He is admired for producing holes that offer an ideal balance of risk and reward, and for designing golf courses that challenge yet also accommodate players with a range of skills.
), as MacKenzie was partners with Colt & Alison at the time the two built Century, Augusta National Golf Club
(Augusta, Georgia
), Cypress Point Club
(Monterey Peninsula
, California
), Royal Melbourne Golf Club
(Melbourne, Australia), Pasatiempo Golf Club
(Santa Cruz, California
), Crystal Downs Country Club
(Frankfort, Michigan
), Lahinch Golf Course
(Lahinch, Ireland), and Meadow Club (Fairfax, California
) [see extended list of his courses below].
He died in Santa Cruz, California
. Discovered after his death was an unpublished manuscript on golf and golf course design, which was posthumously published as The Spirit of St. Andrews (MacKenzie 1995).
Hazel Grove Golf Club, Cheshire UK - The only club in the world to have a lifesize statue of Dr Alister Makenzie, looking out over the 18th two tier green and across his course.
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
golf course architect whose course designs, on three different continents, are consistently ranked among the finest golf courses in the world. Originally trained as a surgeon
Surgeon
In medicine, a surgeon is a specialist in surgery. Surgery is a broad category of invasive medical treatment that involves the cutting of a body, whether human or animal, for a specific reason such as the removal of diseased tissue or to repair a tear or breakage...
, MacKenzie served as a civilian doctor with the British army during the Boer War
Boer War
The Boer Wars were two wars fought between the British Empire and the two independent Boer republics, the Oranje Vrijstaat and the Republiek van Transvaal ....
where he first became aware of the principles of camouflage
Camouflage
Camouflage is a method of concealment that allows an otherwise visible animal, military vehicle, or other object to remain unnoticed, by blending with its environment. Examples include a leopard's spotted coat, the battledress of a modern soldier and a leaf-mimic butterfly...
. During World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, MacKenzie made his own significant contributions to military camouflage
Camouflage
Camouflage is a method of concealment that allows an otherwise visible animal, military vehicle, or other object to remain unnoticed, by blending with its environment. Examples include a leopard's spotted coat, the battledress of a modern soldier and a leaf-mimic butterfly...
, which he saw as closely related to golf course design.
Birth and early life
MacKenzie was born at the family home in Normanton, near LeedsLeeds
Leeds is a city and metropolitan borough in West Yorkshire, England. In 2001 Leeds' main urban subdivision had a population of 443,247, while the entire city has a population of 798,800 , making it the 30th-most populous city in the European Union.Leeds is the cultural, financial and commercial...
in Yorkshire, England to parents of Scottish extraction. His mother, Mary Jane Smith MacKenzie had family roots in Glasgow. His father, William Scobie MacKenzie, a medical doctor, had been born and raised in the Scottish Highlands
Scottish Highlands
The Highlands is an historic region of Scotland. The area is sometimes referred to as the "Scottish Highlands". It was culturally distinguishable from the Lowlands from the later Middle Ages into the modern period, when Lowland Scots replaced Scottish Gaelic throughout most of the Lowlands...
near Lochinvar. From the earliest, MacKenzie was raised as a Scotsman. Although christened after his paternal grandfather Alexander, he was called "Alister" (Gaelic for Alexander) from birth. As a youth, MacKenzie and his family spent Summers near Lochnivar, on what had been traditional Clan MacKenzie
Clan MacKenzie
Clan Mackenzie is a Highland Scottish clan, traditionally associated with Kintail and lands in Ross-shire.-Origins:The Mackenzies, a powerful clan of Celtic stock, were not among the clans that originated from Norman ancestry. Descendants of the long defunct royal Cenél Loairn of Dál Riata, they...
lands from 1670-1745. MacKenzie's strong identification with his Scottish roots featured prominently in many aspects of his later life.
Early adulthood
MacKenzie later became a teacher at Queen Elizabeth Grammar SchoolQueen Elizabeth Grammar School, Wakefield
Queen Elizabeth Grammar School is an independent school in Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England. QEGS is distinct from most other schools in that it was founded by Royal Charter of Queen Elizabeth I in 1591 at the request of leading citizens in Wakefield 75 in total and some of whom formed the...
. Initially trained as a medical doctor, he served as a surgeon with the Somerset Regiment in South Africa
South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
during the Second Boer War
Second Boer War
The Second Boer War was fought from 11 October 1899 until 31 May 1902 between the British Empire and the Afrikaans-speaking Dutch settlers of two independent Boer republics, the South African Republic and the Orange Free State...
(Doak 2001).
Camouflage service
During his wartime service, MacKenzie became interested in camouflage, which was effectively used by the Boers. As a result, during World War I, when he once again served in the military, he worked not as a surgeon but as a camoufleur. In a lecture he gave on the subject, he said that “The brilliant successes of the Boers [during his service in South Africa] were due to great extent to their making the best use of natural cover and the construction of artificial cover indistinguishable from nature” (MacKenzie 1934, p. 42).Golf course design
MacKenzie had been a member of several golf clubs near LeedsLeeds
Leeds is a city and metropolitan borough in West Yorkshire, England. In 2001 Leeds' main urban subdivision had a population of 443,247, while the entire city has a population of 798,800 , making it the 30th-most populous city in the European Union.Leeds is the cultural, financial and commercial...
, England dating back as far as the mid-1890s. In 1907, he was one of the founding members of Alwoodley Golf Club, where he served as both Honorary Secretary (1907-1909) and Club Captain (1912-1913). Although Harry Colt was the course architect of record when Alwoodley was laid out, it also provided MacKenzie with the first opportunity to put many of his own golf course design theories to practical test. These included: undualting greens, long and narrow greens angled from the center of the fairway, fairly large and free form bunker shapes, substantial additional contouring. All of these would remain part of his "signature style" throughout his career.
In 1914, MacKenzie won a golf hole design competition organized by Country Life, one of the era's leading magazines. He then took an active interest in course improvements at his own clubs, serving on committees for this purpose, and gained fundamental experience in the newly-emerging discipline of golf course design. He charted the Old Course at St. Andrews in great detail, producing a map which remains world-famous to the present day.
Following World War I, MacKenzie left medicine entirely, and began to work instead as a golf course designer in the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, in association with Harry Shapland Colt and Charles Alison, with whom he formed the London firm of Colt, MacKenzie & Alison. He excelled at golf course planning.
By his own admission, he thought he had learned a lot about the golf course planning from having designed camouflage. There are references to the latter in his first book on course design, called Golf Architecture (MacKenzie 1920), such as when he writes that “there is an extraordinary resemblance between what is now known as the camouflage of military earthworks and golf-course construction” (p. 128), or later, when he states that there “are many other attributes in common between the successful golf architect and the camoufleur. Both, if not actually artists, must have an artistic temperament, and have had an education in science” (pp. 129–130). In that same book, he also writes that “the chief object of every golf course architect worth his salt is to imitate the beauties of nature [and presumably also the hazards] so closely as to make his work indistinguishable from nature itself.” [1]
"Golf Architecture" - once a very hard to find and sought after book - was selected by Herbert Warren Wind
Herbert Warren Wind
Herbert Warren Wind was an American golfer and golf writer, who also wrote on other subjects.-Early years:...
to be included in his Classics of Golf Library.
MacKenzie worked in an era before large scale earth moving became a major factor in golf course construction, and his designs are notable for their sensitivity to the nature of the original site. He is admired for producing holes that offer an ideal balance of risk and reward, and for designing golf courses that challenge yet also accommodate players with a range of skills.
Ability as a golfer
As a player, MacKenzie was a self described "good putter, but a mediocre ball striker" for most of his life. It was not until after his move to California, when he was already in his 60s, that MacKenzie had what he described as his "golfing epiphany". This was an improvement in his ball striking which enabled him to often score in the high 70s to low 80s for 18 holes. He described this in one of his books as "in the 70s after 60". MacKenzie was one of the first prominent golf course designers who had not been a leading player.Legacy
In the 1920s he moved permanently to the United States, where he carried out some of his most notable work, although he continued to design courses outside that country as well. Today, he is remembered as the designer of some of the world’s finest courses, among them Century Country Club (Purchase, New YorkPurchase, New York
Purchase, New York is a hamlet of the town of Harrison, in Westchester County. Its ZIP code is 10577. Its name is derived from Harrison's purchase, for Harrison could have as much land as he could ride in one day...
), as MacKenzie was partners with Colt & Alison at the time the two built Century, Augusta National Golf Club
Augusta National Golf Club
Augusta National Golf Club, located in Augusta, Georgia, is a famous men's golf club. Founded by Bobby Jones and Clifford Roberts and designed by Alister MacKenzie on the site of a former indigo plantation, the club opened for play in January 1933. Since 1934, it has played host to the annual...
(Augusta, Georgia
Augusta, Georgia
Augusta is a consolidated city in the U.S. state of Georgia, located along the Savannah River. As of the 2010 census, the Augusta–Richmond County population was 195,844 not counting the unconsolidated cities of Hephzibah and Blythe.Augusta is the principal city of the Augusta-Richmond County...
), Cypress Point Club
Cypress Point Club
Cypress Point Club is a private golf club in California. The club has a single eighteen hole course, one of eight on the Monterey peninsula near Monterey, California. The course is well known around the world for its series of three holes that play along the Pacific Ocean: the 15th, 16th and 17th,...
(Monterey Peninsula
Monterey Peninsula
The Monterey Peninsula is located on the central California coast and comprises the cities of Monterey, Carmel, and Pacific Grove, and unincorporated areas of Monterey County including the resort and community of Pebble Beach.-Monterey:...
, California
California
California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
), Royal Melbourne Golf Club
Royal Melbourne Golf Club
Royal Melbourne Golf Club is a golf club located in Black Rock, a suburb of Melbourne, Australia with two courses. Royal Melbourne has hosted numerous national and international events, including the 1959 Canada Cup , and the 1970 World Cup...
(Melbourne, Australia), Pasatiempo Golf Club
Pasatiempo Golf Club
Pasatiempo Golf Club is a golf club located in Pasatiempo, Santa Cruz County, California. Designed by the famous Scottish architect Alister MacKenzie, the course is famed for its breathtaking scenery and rich golfing history. MacKenzie claimed that it was his best ever layout, ahead of even Cypress...
(Santa Cruz, California
Santa Cruz, California
Santa Cruz is the county seat and largest city of Santa Cruz County, California in the US. As of the 2010 U.S. Census, Santa Cruz had a total population of 59,946...
), Crystal Downs Country Club
Crystal Downs Country Club
Crystal Downs Country Club is a private country club in Lake Township, Benzie County, near Frankfort, Michigan. Designed by golf course architects Alister MacKenzie and Perry Maxwell in 1929, the par-70, 6,518 yard course offers views of Lake Michigan and Crystal Lake...
(Frankfort, Michigan
Frankfort, Michigan
Frankfort is a city in Benzie County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 1,513 at the 2000 census. The elevation of Frankfort is above sea level. The city is situated with Lake Michigan to the west, Lake Betsie, formed by the Betsie River before flowing into Lake Michigan, on the...
), Lahinch Golf Course
Lahinch Golf Club
Lahinch Golf Club is a world renowned links golf course in the village of Lahinch on the northwest coast of County Clare, in northern Munster, Ireland. It is situated approximately 20 miles northwest of the town of Ennis....
(Lahinch, Ireland), and Meadow Club (Fairfax, California
Fairfax, California
Fairfax is an incorporated town in Marin County, California, United States. Fairfax is located west-northwest of San Rafael, at an elevation of 115 feet...
) [see extended list of his courses below].
He died in Santa Cruz, California
Santa Cruz, California
Santa Cruz is the county seat and largest city of Santa Cruz County, California in the US. As of the 2010 U.S. Census, Santa Cruz had a total population of 59,946...
. Discovered after his death was an unpublished manuscript on golf and golf course design, which was posthumously published as The Spirit of St. Andrews (MacKenzie 1995).
Further reading
- Behrens, Roy R. (2009), CAMOUPEDIA: A Compendium of Research on Art, Architecture and Camouflage. Dysart, Iowa: Bobolink Books. ISBN 978-0-9713244-6-6.
- Doak, Tom (2001), The Life and Work of Dr. Alister MacKenzie. New York: John Wiley. ISBN 978-1-58536-018-5.
- Green, John (2011), The Royal Melbourne Golf Club, History Of The Courses. ISBN 9780646555881.
- MacKenzie, Alister (1915), “Military Entrenchments” in Golf Illustrated. Vol 3 No 1, pp. 42–45.
- MacKenzie, Alister [unsigned article, but authorship claimed by MacKenzie] (1919), “Entrenchments and Camouflage: Lecture by a British Officer Skilled in Landscape Gardening” in Professional Memoirs, Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army and Engineer Department at Large. No 47, pp. 574–638.
- MacKenzie, Alister (1920), Golf Architecture: Economy in Course Construction and Green-Keeping. London UK: Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent and Co. Ltd.
- MacKenzie, Alister (1934), “Common Sense of Camouflage Defence” in The Military Engineer. Vol XXVI No 145 (January–February), pp. 42–44.
- MacKenzie, Alister (1995). The Spirit of St. Andrews. Sleeping Bear Press. ISBN 1-886947-00-7.
- Muirhead, Desmond (1995), “Symbols in Golf Course Architecture” in Executive Golfer (July).
- New York Times (1934), “Alister MacKenzie Links Designer, Dies.” (January 7), p. 31.
Selected courses
- Crystal Downs Country ClubCrystal Downs Country ClubCrystal Downs Country Club is a private country club in Lake Township, Benzie County, near Frankfort, Michigan. Designed by golf course architects Alister MacKenzie and Perry Maxwell in 1929, the par-70, 6,518 yard course offers views of Lake Michigan and Crystal Lake...
, Frankfort, MichiganFrankfort, MichiganFrankfort is a city in Benzie County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 1,513 at the 2000 census. The elevation of Frankfort is above sea level. The city is situated with Lake Michigan to the west, Lake Betsie, formed by the Betsie River before flowing into Lake Michigan, on the...
(1929 with Perry Maxwell), 10th best Course in U.S. Golf Digest 2007-08 - Burning Tree Country Club, [Bethesda, Maryland]] (1924)
- Meadow Club, FairfaxFairfax, CaliforniaFairfax is an incorporated town in Marin County, California, United States. Fairfax is located west-northwest of San Rafael, at an elevation of 115 feet...
, CaliforniaCaliforniaCalifornia is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
(1927): Classic layout overlooking Mt. Tamalpais was MacKenzie's first design in America. - Claremont Country Club, Oakland, CaliforniaCaliforniaCalifornia is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
(1929): Located in the Oakland hills. - Titirangi Golf Club, TitirangiTitirangiTitirangi is a suburb in the Waitakere Ward of the city of Auckland in northern New Zealand. It is an affluent, residential suburb located 13 kilometres to the southwest of the Auckland city centre, at the southern end of the Waitakere Ranges...
, Auckland, New Zealand (1926): A true championship course in natural surrounds. One of the top courses in New Zealand. - The Old Course at Lahinch Golf ClubLahinch Golf ClubLahinch Golf Club is a world renowned links golf course in the village of Lahinch on the northwest coast of County Clare, in northern Munster, Ireland. It is situated approximately 20 miles northwest of the town of Ennis....
in IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
(1927): Mackenzie reworked the original layout by Old Tom Morris layout on a stunning oceanside site. He left in a blind par 3 just for history's sake. - Nenagh Golf Club, Co.Tipperary in IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
(1929). - The Portland Course at the Royal Troon Golf ClubRoyal Troon Golf ClubRoyal Troon Golf Club is a links golf course located in Troon, South Ayrshire, Scotland. The club was founded in 1878, initially with five holes. Its Old Course is now one of the host courses for The Open Championship, one of the major championships on the PGA Tour and European Tour...
, in Troon, Scotland. A worthy and challenging companion to the Old Course, the many-times Open Championship site. - Rosemont course at Blairgowie Golf Club, Perth and KinrossPerth and KinrossPerth and Kinross is one of 32 council areas in Scotland, and a Lieutenancy Area. It borders onto the Aberdeenshire, Angus, Dundee City, Fife, Clackmannanshire, Stirling, Argyll and Bute and Highland council areas. Perth is the administrative centre...
, ScotlandScotlandScotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
(1927): One of Scotland's top-ranked courses. An inland parkland layout cut out of dense forests and moorlands. - The No. 1 course at Hazlehead ParkHazlehead ParkHazlehead Park is a large public park in the Hazlehead area of Aberdeen, Scotland. 180 hectares in size, it was opened to the public in 1920, having formerly been the estate of Hazlehead House, home of William Rose, shipbuilder....
, AberdeenAberdeenAberdeen is Scotland's third most populous city, one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas and the United Kingdom's 25th most populous city, with an official population estimate of ....
, ScotlandScotlandScotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
. - Cypress Point ClubCypress Point ClubCypress Point Club is a private golf club in California. The club has a single eighteen hole course, one of eight on the Monterey peninsula near Monterey, California. The course is well known around the world for its series of three holes that play along the Pacific Ocean: the 15th, 16th and 17th,...
, MontereyMonterey, CaliforniaThe City of Monterey in Monterey County is located on Monterey Bay along the Pacific coast in Central California. Monterey lies at an elevation of 26 feet above sea level. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 27,810. Monterey is of historical importance because it was the capital of...
Peninsula, CaliforniaCaliforniaCalifornia is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
(1928): A beautiful, well-crafted, course with a famously photogenic 16th hole. Rated the fourth greatest course in America by Golf DigestGolf DigestGolf Digest is a monthly golf magazine published by Condé Nast Publications in the United States. It is a generalist golf publication covering recreational golf and men's and women's competitive golf. Condé Nast Publications also publishes the more specialized , and Golf World Business. The...
in 2005. - Pasatiempo Golf ClubPasatiempo Golf ClubPasatiempo Golf Club is a golf club located in Pasatiempo, Santa Cruz County, California. Designed by the famous Scottish architect Alister MacKenzie, the course is famed for its breathtaking scenery and rich golfing history. MacKenzie claimed that it was his best ever layout, ahead of even Cypress...
, Santa Cruz, CaliforniaSanta Cruz, CaliforniaSanta Cruz is the county seat and largest city of Santa Cruz County, California in the US. As of the 2010 U.S. Census, Santa Cruz had a total population of 59,946...
(1929): A beautiful course and a difficult test of golf, perfectly blended into the northern California coastal forest. - West Course at Royal Melbourne Golf ClubRoyal Melbourne Golf ClubRoyal Melbourne Golf Club is a golf club located in Black Rock, a suburb of Melbourne, Australia with two courses. Royal Melbourne has hosted numerous national and international events, including the 1959 Canada Cup , and the 1970 World Cup...
, MelbourneMelbourneMelbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...
, AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
(1931): Regarded by some as the finest course south of the equator. - University of Michigan Golf Course University of MichiganUniversity of MichiganThe University of Michigan is a public research university located in Ann Arbor, Michigan in the United States. It is the state's oldest university and the flagship campus of the University of Michigan...
, Ann Arbor, MichiganAnn Arbor, MichiganAnn Arbor is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan and the county seat of Washtenaw County. The 2010 census places the population at 113,934, making it the sixth largest city in Michigan. The Ann Arbor Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 344,791 as of 2010...
(1931): One of the first and finest on-campus golf courses in the United States. - Haggin Oaks Golf Course, SacramentoSacramentoSacramento is the capital of the state of California, in the United States of America.Sacramento may also refer to:- United States :*Sacramento County, California*Sacramento, Kentucky*Sacramento – San Joaquin River Delta...
, California. Popular golf course in northern California. Site of the California State Fair Championship. Ben Hogan won his first professional check at Haggin Oaks. - The Valley Club of Montecito Santa BarbaraSanta Barbara, CaliforniaSanta Barbara is the county seat of Santa Barbara County, California, United States. Situated on an east-west trending section of coastline, the longest such section on the West Coast of the United States, the city lies between the steeply-rising Santa Ynez Mountains and the Pacific Ocean...
, California (1928) - Northwood Golf Club Monte Rio, California (1928)
- The Scarlet CourseOhio State University Golf ClubThe Ohio State University Golf Club is located at 3605 Tremont Road, Upper Arlington, Ohio, a suburb of Columbus. It was founded by L.W. St. John, . The golf club has two classical golf courses called Scarlet and Gray. The Scarlet was completed in 1938 and the Gray was finished later in 1940...
at The Ohio State UniversityOhio State UniversityThe Ohio State University, commonly referred to as Ohio State, is a public research university located in Columbus, Ohio. It was originally founded in 1870 as a land-grant university and is currently the third largest university campus in the United States...
, Columbus, OhioColumbus, OhioColumbus is the capital of and the largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio. The broader metropolitan area encompasses several counties and is the third largest in Ohio behind those of Cleveland and Cincinnati. Columbus is the third largest city in the American Midwest, and the fifteenth largest city...
(1931): One of the best collegiate golf courses in the United States. - Augusta National Golf ClubAugusta National Golf ClubAugusta National Golf Club, located in Augusta, Georgia, is a famous men's golf club. Founded by Bobby Jones and Clifford Roberts and designed by Alister MacKenzie on the site of a former indigo plantation, the club opened for play in January 1933. Since 1934, it has played host to the annual...
, Augusta, GeorgiaAugusta, GeorgiaAugusta is a consolidated city in the U.S. state of Georgia, located along the Savannah River. As of the 2010 census, the Augusta–Richmond County population was 195,844 not counting the unconsolidated cities of Hephzibah and Blythe.Augusta is the principal city of the Augusta-Richmond County...
, USA. (1933): Bobby JonesBobby Jones (golfer)Robert Tyre "Bobby" Jones Jr. was an American amateur golfer, and a lawyer by profession. Jones was the most successful amateur golfer ever to compete on a national and international level...
chose MacKenzie ahead of Donald Ross to co-design the only course in the world which stages The Masters every year. Rated the greatest course in America by Golf DigestGolf DigestGolf Digest is a monthly golf magazine published by Condé Nast Publications in the United States. It is a generalist golf publication covering recreational golf and men's and women's competitive golf. Condé Nast Publications also publishes the more specialized , and Golf World Business. The...
in 2009. - Green Hills Country ClubGreen Hills Country ClubGreen Hills Country Club, located in Millbrae, California, is often referred to as the San Francisco Peninsula’s “hidden gem”. Green Hills is a private members-only country club located on the San Francisco peninsula approximately 20 minutes south of the city.Green Hills was originally known...
, Millbrae, California (1930) (The Union League Golf and Country Club of San Francisco). A magnificent layout, often called the "gem" of the San Francisco Peninsula. - Sharp Park Golf Course, Pacifica, CaliforniaPacifica, CaliforniaPacifica is a city in San Mateo County, California, on the coast of the Pacific Ocean between San Francisco and Half Moon Bay.-Overview:The City of Pacifica is spread along a six mile stretch of the north central California coastal beach and hills, nestled in several small valleys spanning between...
(1932): Municipally-owned by San Francisco, though located in the southern beachside suburb of Pacifica, Sharp Park is one of MacKenzie's few municipal courses, and his only public seaside links. Robert Hunter and Chandler Egan were MacKenzie's construction assistants. - Tijuana Country Club, Mexico (1929).
- Buenos Aires, Argentina (1931) Jockey Club: The area's most noteworthy course and the must-play in San Isidro, which hosts two full-length courses designed in his prime in 1930. The Red is the championship layout.
- Royal Adelaide Golf ClubRoyal Adelaide Golf ClubThe Royal Adelaide Golf Club is a private golf club in Adelaide, South Australia. It is widely acknowledged as ranking with the best in Australia, and has a world ranking that fluctuates around 50....
, AdelaideAdelaideAdelaide is the capital city of South Australia and the fifth-largest city in Australia. Adelaide has an estimated population of more than 1.2 million...
, AustraliaAustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
(1926) - Cavendish Golf Club, BuxtonBuxtonBuxton is a spa town in Derbyshire, England. It has the highest elevation of any market town in England. Located close to the county boundary with Cheshire to the west and Staffordshire to the south, Buxton is described as "the gateway to the Peak District National Park"...
, DerbyshireDerbyshireDerbyshire is a county in the East Midlands of England. A substantial portion of the Peak District National Park lies within Derbyshire. The northern part of Derbyshire overlaps with the Pennines, a famous chain of hills and mountains. The county contains within its boundary of approx...
, EnglandEnglandEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
(1925), whose design has been largely unaltered . - Cork Golf Club, CorkCork (city)Cork is the second largest city in the Republic of Ireland and the island of Ireland's third most populous city. It is the principal city and administrative centre of County Cork and the largest city in the province of Munster. Cork has a population of 119,418, while the addition of the suburban...
, IrelandIrelandIreland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
(1927). - Teignmouth Golf Club (1924), DevonDevonDevon is a large county in southwestern England. The county is sometimes referred to as Devonshire, although the term is rarely used inside the county itself as the county has never been officially "shired", it often indicates a traditional or historical context.The county shares borders with...
, England. Situated on top of Little HaldonHaldonThe Haldon Hills, usually known simply as Haldon, is a ridge of high ground in Devon, England. It is situated between the River Exe and the River Teign and runs northwards from Teignmouth, on the coast, for about until it dwindles away north west of Exeter at the River Yeo, just south of Crediton...
, 800 feet above sea level and with views of DartmoorDartmoorDartmoor is an area of moorland in south Devon, England. Protected by National Park status, it covers .The granite upland dates from the Carboniferous period of geological history. The moorland is capped with many exposed granite hilltops known as tors, providing habitats for Dartmoor wildlife. The...
, the Teign Estuary and the Exe EstuaryExe EstuaryThe Exe Estuary is an estuary on the south coast of Devon, England.The estuary starts just to the south of the city of Exeter, and extends south for approximately eight miles to meet the English Channel...
Hazel Grove Golf Club, Cheshire UK - The only club in the world to have a lifesize statue of Dr Alister Makenzie, looking out over the 18th two tier green and across his course.