9th century in poetry
Encyclopedia
Years link to corresponding "[year] in poetry" articles.
Births of Arabic world poets
- 742 – Ibrahim Al-MausiliIbrahim Al-MausiliIbrahim Al-Mausili , a singer, was born of Persian parents settled in Kufa. In his early years his parents died and he was trained by an uncle...
(died 804) - 805 (circa) – Abu TammamAbu TammamAbu Tammam was an Abbasid era Arab poet and Muslim convert born to Christian parents.- Biography :...
(died 845) - 820 – al-Buhturi (died 897)
- 861 – Abdullah ibn al-Mu'tazzAbdullah ibn al-Mu'tazzAbdullah ibn al-Mu'tazz was persuaded to assume the role of caliph of the Abbasid dynasty following the premature death of al-Muktafi. He succeeded in ruling for a single day and a single night, before he was forced into hiding, found, and then strangled in a palace intrigue that brought...
(died 908) - 897 – Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani (died 967)
Deaths of Arabic world poets
- 809 – Abbas Ibn al-AhnafAbbas Ibn al-AhnafAbu al-Fadl Abbas Ibn al-Ahnaf, , Arabic, عباس بن الأحنف, was an Arab Abbasid poet from the clan of Hanifa. His work consists solely of love poems . It is "primarily concerned with the hopelessness of love, and the perosna in his compositions seems resigned to a relationship of deprivation"...
(born 750) (عباس بن الأحنف) - 813 – Abu NuwasAbu NuwasAbu-Nuwas al-Hasan ben Hani Al-Hakami ,a known as Abū-Nuwās , was one of the greatest of classical Arabic poets, who also composed in Persian on occasion. Born in the city of Ahvaz in Persia, of an Arab father and a Persian mother, he became a master of all the contemporary genres of Arabic poetry...
(born 750) - 828:
- Abu-l-'AtahiyaAbu-l-'AtahiyaAbū l-ʻAtāhiyya Abū l-ʻAtāhiyya Abū l-ʻAtāhiyya (أبو العتاهية, full name Abu Isħaq Ismā'īl ibn Qāsim al-ʻAnazī إسماعيل بن القاسم (العنزي، بن سويد العيني)Abu l-'Atahiyya (828-748) was an Arab poet born at 'Aynu t-Tamar in the Iraqi desert, near al-Anbar. His ancestors were of the tribe of ʻAnaza....
- Abu-l-'AtahiyaAbu-l-'AtahiyaAbū l-ʻAtāhiyya Abū l-ʻAtāhiyya Abū l-ʻAtāhiyya (أبو العتاهية, full name Abu Isħaq Ismā'īl ibn Qāsim al-ʻAnazī إسماعيل بن القاسم (العنزي، بن سويد العيني)Abu l-'Atahiyya (828-748) was an Arab poet born at 'Aynu t-Tamar in the Iraqi desert, near al-Anbar. His ancestors were of the tribe of ʻAnaza....
(born 748)
- Abu-l-'Atahiya
- 837 – Ibn DuraidIbn DuraidIbn Duraid ابن دريد الأزدي , Arab poet and philologist, was born at Basra...
- 845 – Abu TammamAbu TammamAbu Tammam was an Abbasid era Arab poet and Muslim convert born to Christian parents.- Biography :...
(born c. 805) - 896 – Ibn al-RumiIbn al-RumiAli ibn Al-Abbas ibn Jurayj, also known as Ibn al-Rumi was the son of a Persian mother and a half-Greek father. By the age of twenty he earned a living from his poetry which would culminate in his masterpiece Diwan...
- 897 – al-Buhturi (born 820)
Persian poets
- RudakiRudakiAbu Abdollah Jafar ibn Mohammad Rudaki , also written as Rudagi , was a Persian poet, and is regarded as the first great literary genius of the Modern Persian, who composed poems in the "New Persian" alphabet. Rudaki is considered as a founder of Persian classical literature.He was born in 858 in...
(رودکی) - Mansur Al-HallajMansur Al-HallajMansur al-Hallaj was a Persian mystic, revolutionary writer and pious teacher of Sufism most famous for his poetry, accusation of heresy and for his execution at the orders of the Abbasid Caliph Al-Muqtadir after a long, drawn-out investigation.-Early life:Al-Hallaj was born around 858 in Fars...
(منصور حلاج) - Shahid BalkhiShahid Balkhi' was a Persian theologian, philosopher, poet and sufi. Famous persian poet Rudaki has a poem in Balkhi's elegy. He was born in Balkh. Shahid Balkhi was contemporary to Ahmed ibn Sahl al-Balkhi and they had connections...
- Firuz Mashreqi
- Hanzala BadghisiHanzala BadghisiHanzalah of Badghis was one of the earliest Persian poets.Hanzalah lived in the time of the of Tahirids , one of the early Persian dynasties after the Arabic attack on Persia....
- Basam Kurd
- Wasif Sagzi
Poets
- Likely period when CynewulfCynewulfCynewulf is one of twelve Anglo-Saxon poets known by name today, and one of four whose work survives today. He is famous for his religious compositions, and is regarded as one of the pre-eminent figures of Old English Christian poetry. Posterity knows of his name by means of runic signatures that...
flourishes in MerciaMerciaMercia was one of the kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. It was centred on the valley of the River Trent and its tributaries in the region now known as the English Midlands...
or NorthumbriaNorthumbriaNorthumbria was a medieval kingdom of the Angles, in what is now Northern England and South-East Scotland, becoming subsequently an earldom in a united Anglo-Saxon kingdom of England. The name reflects the approximate southern limit to the kingdom's territory, the Humber Estuary.Northumbria was...
. - Bragi BoddasonBragi BoddasonIn his Edda Snorri Sturluson quotes many stanzas attributed to Bragi Boddason the old , a court poet who served several Swedish kings, Ragnar Lodbrok, Östen Beli and Björn at Hauge who reigned in the first half of the ninth century...
flourishes in the SwedishSwedenSweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
court in the first half of the century, author of Bragi inn gamli Boddason (Norwegian) - Þjóðólfur úr Hvini(Norwegian)
- Þorbjörn hornklofiÞorbjörn hornklofiÞorbjörn Hornklofi was a 9th century Norwegian poet. He was the court poet of King Harald Fairhair.-Bibliography:*Glymdrápa - A drápa on King Harald.*Hrafnsmál/Haraldskvæði - Another poem on King Harald using the málaháttr metre....
(Norwegian) - Reign of King Alfred the GreatAlfred the GreatAlfred the Great was King of Wessex from 871 to 899.Alfred is noted for his defence of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of southern England against the Vikings, becoming the only English monarch still to be accorded the epithet "the Great". Alfred was the first King of the West Saxons to style himself...
, a noted poet in Anglo-SaxonOld English languageOld English or Anglo-Saxon is an early form of the English language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons and their descendants in parts of what are now England and southeastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century...
, in WessexWessexThe Kingdom of Wessex or Kingdom of the West Saxons was an Anglo-Saxon kingdom of the West Saxons, in South West England, from the 6th century, until the emergence of a united English state in the 10th century, under the Wessex dynasty. It was to be an earldom after Canute the Great's conquest...
from 871 to 899.
Works
- 9th century:
- Pangur BánPangur Bán"Pangur Bán" is an Old Irish poem, written about the 9th century at or around Reichenau Abbey. It was written by an Irish monk, and is about his cat. Pangur Bán, "white fuller", is the cat's name. Although the poem is anonymous, it bears similarities to the poetry of Sedulius Scottus, prompting...
is written circa 800 in Old Irish.
- Pangur Bán
- 830s:
- Lay of HildebrandLay of HildebrandThe Lay of Hildebrand is a heroic lay, written in Old High German alliterative verse. It is one of the earliest literary works in German, and it tells of the tragic encounter in battle between a son and his unrecognized father...
in Old High GermanOld High GermanThe term Old High German refers to the earliest stage of the German language and it conventionally covers the period from around 500 to 1050. Coherent written texts do not appear until the second half of the 8th century, and some treat the period before 750 as 'prehistoric' and date the start of...
- Lay of Hildebrand
- 880s:
- LudwigsliedLudwigsliedThe Ludwigslied is an Old High German poem of 59 rhyming couplets, celebrating the victory of the Frankish army, led by Louis III of France, over Danish raiders at the Battle of Saucourt-en-Vimeu on 3 August 881.The poem is thoroughly Christian in ethos...
and GeorgsliedGeorgsliedThe Georgslied is a set of poems and hymns to Saint George in Old High German.Its likely origin is Saint George's Abbey on the Reichenau monastic island on Lake Constance in Germany which was founded in 888 and was an important center for the veneration of Saint George...
in Old High German (880s or 890s)
- Ludwigslied
- 890s:
- De bellis Parisiacae urbis (The Wars of the City of Paris), in LatinLatinLatin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
, by Abbo CernuusAbbo CernuusAbbo Cernuus , Abbo Parisiensis, or Abbo of Saint-Germain was a Neustrian Benedictine monk and poet of the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés in Paris. He was born about the middle of the ninth century....
- De bellis Parisiacae urbis (The Wars of the City of Paris), in Latin
- decade not listed:
- Expansion of Gregorian chantGregorian chantGregorian chant is the central tradition of Western plainchant, a form of monophonic liturgical music within Western Christianity that accompanied the celebration of Mass and other ritual services...
, particularly in the FrankishFranksThe Franks were a confederation of Germanic tribes first attested in the third century AD as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River. From the third to fifth centuries some Franks raided Roman territory while other Franks joined the Roman troops in Gaul. Only the Salian Franks formed a...
lands of Europe. - Llywarch HenLlywarch HenLlywarch Hen was a 6th-century prince of the Brythonic kingdom of Rheged, a ruling family in the Hen Ogledd or 'Old North' of Britain...
written in WelshWelsh languageWelsh is a member of the Brythonic branch of the Celtic languages spoken natively in Wales, by some along the Welsh border in England, and in Y Wladfa...
. - Sequence of Saint EulaliaSequence of Saint EulaliaThe Sequence of Saint Eulalia is the earliest surviving piece of French hagiography and one of the earliest extant vernacular writings, dating from around 880...
, the earliest surviving poem in Old FrenchOld FrenchOld French was the Romance dialect continuum spoken in territories that span roughly the northern half of modern France and parts of modern Belgium and Switzerland from the 9th century to the 14th century...
. - Approximate period of WaldereWaldereWaldere or Waldhere is the conventional title given to two Old English fragments from a lost epic poem, discovered in 1860 by E. C. Werlauff, Librarian, in the Danish Royal Library at Copenhagen, where it is still preserved. The parchment pages had been reused as stiffening in the binding of an...
in Old English
- Expansion of Gregorian chant
Events
- c. 855: Saints Cyril and MethodiusSaints Cyril and MethodiusSaints Cyril and Methodius were two Byzantine Greek brothers born in Thessaloniki in the 9th century. They became missionaries of Christianity among the Slavic peoples of Bulgaria, Great Moravia and Pannonia. Through their work they influenced the cultural development of all Slavs, for which they...
develop the Glagolitic alphabetGlagolitic alphabetThe Glagolitic alphabet , also known as Glagolitsa, is the oldest known Slavic alphabet. The name was not coined until many centuries after its creation, and comes from the Old Slavic glagolъ "utterance" . The verb glagoliti means "to speak"...
;CyrillicCyrillic alphabetThe Cyrillic script or azbuka is an alphabetic writing system developed in the First Bulgarian Empire during the 10th century AD at the Preslav Literary School...
is developed about the same time in BulgariaBulgariaBulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
. These alphabets permit translation of the BibleBibleThe Bible refers to any one of the collections of the primary religious texts of Judaism and Christianity. There is no common version of the Bible, as the individual books , their contents and their order vary among denominations...
into Old Church SlavonicOld Church SlavonicOld Church Slavonic or Old Church Slavic was the first literary Slavic language, first developed by the 9th century Byzantine Greek missionaries Saints Cyril and Methodius who were credited with standardizing the language and using it for translating the Bible and other Ancient Greek...
and other Slavic languagesSlavic languagesThe Slavic languages , a group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup of Indo-European languages, have speakers in most of Eastern Europe, in much of the Balkans, in parts of Central Europe, and in the northern part of Asia.-Branches:Scholars traditionally divide Slavic...
. First development of Slavic literary languages. - Preslav Literary SchoolPreslav Literary SchoolThe Preslav Literary School was the first literary school in the medieval Bulgarian Empire. It was established by Boris I in 885 or 886 in Bulgaria's capital, Pliska...
(est. c. 885) and Ohrid Literary SchoolOhrid Literary SchoolThe Ohrid Literary School was one of the two major medieval Bulgarian cultural centres, along with the Preslav Literary School . The school was established in Ohrid in 886 by Saint Clement of Ohrid on orders of Boris I of Bulgaria simultaneously or shortly after the establishment of the Preslav...
(est. 886) flourish in BulgariaBulgariaBulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
.
Poets
- Constantine of PreslavConstantine of PreslavConstantine of Preslav was a medieval Bulgarian scholar, writer and translator, one of the most important men of letters working at the Preslav Literary School at the end of the 9th and the beginning of the 10th century. Biographical evidence about his life is scarce but he is believed to have...
in BulgariaBulgariaBulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...
authors Азбучна молитва (Alphabet Prayer), the earliest surviving poetry in Old Church SlavonicOld Church SlavonicOld Church Slavonic or Old Church Slavic was the first literary Slavic language, first developed by the 9th century Byzantine Greek missionaries Saints Cyril and Methodius who were credited with standardizing the language and using it for translating the Bible and other Ancient Greek...
.
East Asia
- The Han-shan poet and Feng-KanFengganFenggan was a Chinese Zen monk-poet lived in the Tang Dynasty, associated with Hanshan and Shide in the famed "Tiantai Trio" .-Biography:...
, both part of the Tientai Trio, flourish in China.
Japan
- Ariwara no NarihiraAriwara no Narihirawas a Japanese waka poet and aristocrat. He was one of six waka poets referred in the preface in kana to Kokin Wakashū by Ki no Tsurayuki, and has been named as the hero of The Tales of Ise, whose hero was an anonym in itself but most of whose love affairs could be attributed to Narihira.He was the...
在原業平 (825–880), wakaWaka (poetry)Waka or Yamato uta is a genre of classical Japanese verse and one of the major genres of Japanese literature...
poetPoetA poet is a person who writes poetry. A poet's work can be literal, meaning that his work is derived from a specific event, or metaphorical, meaning that his work can take on many meanings and forms. Poets have existed since antiquity, in nearly all languages, and have produced works that vary...
and nobleman; called one of the Six best Waka poetsSix best Waka poetsThe Six Immortals of Poetry were famous poets of Waka in the early Heian period of Japanese history. They were:* Henjo* Ariwara no Narihira* Fun'ya no Yasuhide* Kisen* Ono no Komachi* Ōtomo Kuronushi...
and one of the Thirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThe Thirty-six Poetry Immortals are a group of Japanese poets of the Nara, Asuka and Heian periods selected by Fujiwara no Kintō as exemplars of Japanese poetic ability. There are five female poets among them... - Fujiwara no KanesukeFujiwara no KanesukeFujiwara no Kanesuke was a middle Heian waka poet and Japanese nobleman. He is designated as a member of the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals and one of his poems is included in the famous anthology Hyakunin Isshu...
藤原兼輔, also 中納言兼輔 (877–933), middle HeianHeian periodThe is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height...
wakaWaka (poetry)Waka or Yamato uta is a genre of classical Japanese verse and one of the major genres of Japanese literature...
poet and nobleman; one of the Thirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThe Thirty-six Poetry Immortals are a group of Japanese poets of the Nara, Asuka and Heian periods selected by Fujiwara no Kintō as exemplars of Japanese poetic ability. There are five female poets among them...
; has a poem is in the anthology Hyakunin IsshuHyakunin Isshuis a traditional anthology style of compiling Japanese waka poetry where each contributor writes one poem for the anthology. Literally, it translates to "one hundred people, one poem [each]"...
, others in several imperial poetry anthologies, including Kokin Wakashū and Gosen Wakashū - Fujiwara no SadakataFujiwara no Sadakata, also known as Sanjo Udaijin , was a Japanese poet. A poet Kanesuke is his cousin and son-in-law. His son Asatada is also a poet. One of his poems is included in Hyakunin Isshu.-External links:* in Japanese....
藤原定方, also known as "Sanjo Udaijin" 三条右大臣 (873–932), father of poet AsatadaFujiwara no AsatadaFujiwara no Asatada was a middle Heian waka and Japanese nobleman. He is designated as a member of the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals and one of his poems is included in the famous anthology Hyakunin Isshu.Asatada's poems are included in official poetry anthologies from the Gosen Wakashū on...
, cousin and father-in-law of KanesukeFujiwara no KanesukeFujiwara no Kanesuke was a middle Heian waka poet and Japanese nobleman. He is designated as a member of the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals and one of his poems is included in the famous anthology Hyakunin Isshu...
; has a poem in Hyakunin IsshuHyakunin Isshuis a traditional anthology style of compiling Japanese waka poetry where each contributor writes one poem for the anthology. Literally, it translates to "one hundred people, one poem [each]"...
anthology - Ki no TomonoriKi no TomonoriKi no Tomonori was an early Heian waka poet of the court, a member of the sanjūrokkasen or Thirty-six Poetry Immortals. He was a compiler of the Kokin Wakashū, though he certainly did not see it to completion as the anthology includes a eulogy to him composed by Ki no Tsurayuki, his colleague in...
紀友則 (c. 850 – c. 904), early Heian periodHeian periodThe is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height...
wakaWaka (poetry)Waka or Yamato uta is a genre of classical Japanese verse and one of the major genres of Japanese literature...
poet of the court, one of the Thirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThe Thirty-six Poetry Immortals are a group of Japanese poets of the Nara, Asuka and Heian periods selected by Fujiwara no Kintō as exemplars of Japanese poetic ability. There are five female poets among them...
; one of the four compilers of the Kokin Wakashū anthology - Ki no TsurayukiKi no Tsurayukiwas a Japanese author, poet and courtier of the Heian period.Tsurayuki was a son of Ki no Mochiyuki. He became a waka poet in the 890s. In 905, under the order of Emperor Daigo, he was one of four poets selected to compile the Kokin Wakashū, an anthology of poetry.After holding a few offices in...
紀貫之 (872–945) Heian periodHeian periodThe is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height...
wakaWaka (poetry)Waka or Yamato uta is a genre of classical Japanese verse and one of the major genres of Japanese literature...
poet, government official and courtier; son of Ki no Mochiyuki; one of four compilers of the Kokin Wakashū anthology; provincial governor of Tosa provinceTosa Provinceis the name of a former province of Japan in the area that is today Kōchi Prefecture on Shikoku. Tosa was bordered by Iyo and Awa Provinces. It was sometimes called .-History:The ancient capital was near modern Nankoku...
(930–935) and later possibly governor of Suo provinceSuo Provincewas a province of Japan in the area that is today the eastern part of Yamaguchi Prefecture. It was sometimes called . Suō bordered on Aki, Iwami, and Nagato Provinces.... - KisenKisenalso known as was an early Heian period and poet. Little is known about his life other than that he lived in Ujiyama.When Ki no Tsurayuki wrote the of the Kokinshū, he selected Kisen as one of the whose work was to be considered as superior. Tsurayuki says the following to comment on Kisen's...
喜撰 also known as "Kisen Hōshi" 喜撰法師 (fl.FloruitFloruit , abbreviated fl. , is a Latin verb meaning "flourished", denoting the period of time during which something was active...
early 9th century), early Heian periodHeian periodThe is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height...
Buddhist monk and poet - KūkaiKukaiKūkai , also known posthumously as , 774–835, was a Japanese monk, civil servant, scholar, poet, and artist, founder of the Shingon or "True Word" school of Buddhism. Shingon followers usually refer to him by the honorific titles of and ....
空海, also known posthumously as "Kōbō-Daishi" 弘法大師 (774–835), monk, scholar, poet, and artist who founded the Shingon or "True Word" school of Buddhism, followers of that school usually refer to him by the honorific title "Odaishisama" お大師様 - Lady IseLady IseLady Ise was a female Japanese poet in the Imperial court's waka tradition. She was born the Fujiwara no Tsugukage of Ise, and eventually became the lover of the Prince Atsuyoshi and a concubine to Emperor Uda; her son by him was Prince Yuki-Akari.Her poems were emblematic of the changing styles...
伊勢 or Ise no miyasudokoro 伊勢の御息所 (c. 875 – c. 938), wakaWaka (poetry)Waka or Yamato uta is a genre of classical Japanese verse and one of the major genres of Japanese literature...
poet and noblewoman in the Imperial court; granddaughter of waka poet Ōnakatomi no YoshinobuOnakatomi no YoshinobuŌnakatomi no Yoshinobu was a middle Heian period waka poet and Japanese nobleman. His granddaughter was the famous later Heian poetess Ise no Taiu...
; born the Fujiwara no Tsugikage of IseIse Provinceor was a province of Japan including most of modern Mie Prefecture. Ise bordered Iga, Kii, Mino, Ōmi, Owari, Shima, and Yamato Provinces.The ancient provincial capital was at Suzuka...
; lover of the Prince Atsuyoshi; a concubine to Emperor UdaEmperor Udawas the 59th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.Uda's reign spanned the years from 887 through 897.-Name and legacy:Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name was or Chōjiin-tei....
; her son by him was Prince Yuki-Akari; has many poems in the Kokin Wakashū anthology - Minamoto no KintadaMinamoto no KintadaMinamoto no Kintada was a middle Heian waka poet and nobleman. Along with his son Minamoto no Saneakira he is designated as a member of the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals...
源公忠, also 源公忠朝臣 (889–948), middle Heian periodHeian periodThe is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height...
wakaWaka (poetry)Waka or Yamato uta is a genre of classical Japanese verse and one of the major genres of Japanese literature...
poet and nobleman; one of the Thirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThe Thirty-six Poetry Immortals are a group of Japanese poets of the Nara, Asuka and Heian periods selected by Fujiwara no Kintō as exemplars of Japanese poetic ability. There are five female poets among them...
, along with his son Minamoto no SaneakiraMinamoto no SaneakiraMinamoto no Saneakira was a middle Heian waka poet and nobleman. Along with his father Minamoto no Kintada he is designated as a member of the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals....
; an official in the imperial treasury; has poems in imperial poetry anthologies, starting with the Goshūi Wakashū - Ōnakatomi no YoritomoOnakatomi no YoritomoŌnakatomi no Yoritomo was a middle Heian period waka poet and Japanese nobleman. He is designated as a member of the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals....
大中臣頼基 (c. 886–958), middle Heian periodHeian periodThe is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height...
waka poetWaka (poetry)Waka or Yamato uta is a genre of classical Japanese verse and one of the major genres of Japanese literature...
and nobleman; one of the Thirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThe Thirty-six Poetry Immortals are a group of Japanese poets of the Nara, Asuka and Heian periods selected by Fujiwara no Kintō as exemplars of Japanese poetic ability. There are five female poets among them... - Ono no KomachiOno no Komachiwas a famous Japanese waka poet, one of the Rokkasen—the Six best Waka poets of the early Heian period. She was noted as a rare beauty; Komachi is a symbol of a beautiful woman in Japan. She also figures among the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals....
小野 小町 or おののこまち (c. 825 – c. 900), early Heian periodHeian periodThe is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height...
wakaWaka (poetry)Waka or Yamato uta is a genre of classical Japanese verse and one of the major genres of Japanese literature...
poet, one of the Rokkasen — the Six best Waka poetsSix best Waka poetsThe Six Immortals of Poetry were famous poets of Waka in the early Heian period of Japanese history. They were:* Henjo* Ariwara no Narihira* Fun'ya no Yasuhide* Kisen* Ono no Komachi* Ōtomo Kuronushi...
; one of the Thirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThe Thirty-six Poetry Immortals are a group of Japanese poets of the Nara, Asuka and Heian periods selected by Fujiwara no Kintō as exemplars of Japanese poetic ability. There are five female poets among them...
; noted as a rare beauty and became a symbol of a beautiful woman in Japan - Ōshikōchi MitsuneOshikochi MitsuneŌshikōchi no Mitsune was an early Heian administrator and waka poet of the Japanese court , and a member of the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals. He was sent as the governor of Kai, Izumi and Awaji provinces, and on his return to Kyoto was asked to participate in the compilation of the Kokin Wakashū...
凡河内躬恒 (898–922), early Heian periodHeian periodThe is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height...
administrator and wakaWaka (poetry)Waka or Yamato uta is a genre of classical Japanese verse and one of the major genres of Japanese literature...
poet of the court; one of the Thirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThe Thirty-six Poetry Immortals are a group of Japanese poets of the Nara, Asuka and Heian periods selected by Fujiwara no Kintō as exemplars of Japanese poetic ability. There are five female poets among them... - Sakanoue no KorenoriSakanoue no KorenoriSakanoue no Korenori was an early Heian waka poet. He is designated as a member of the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals and one of his poems is included in the famous anthology Hyakunin Isshu....
坂上是則 (fl.FloruitFloruit , abbreviated fl. , is a Latin verb meaning "flourished", denoting the period of time during which something was active...
9th century), early HeianHeian periodThe is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height...
wakaWaka (poetry)Waka or Yamato uta is a genre of classical Japanese verse and one of the major genres of Japanese literature...
poet; one of the Thirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThirty-six Poetry ImmortalsThe Thirty-six Poetry Immortals are a group of Japanese poets of the Nara, Asuka and Heian periods selected by Fujiwara no Kintō as exemplars of Japanese poetic ability. There are five female poets among them...
; has a poem in the Hyakunin IsshuHyakunin Isshuis a traditional anthology style of compiling Japanese waka poetry where each contributor writes one poem for the anthology. Literally, it translates to "one hundred people, one poem [each]"...
anthology - Sarumaru no TaifuSarumaru no Taifuwas a waka poet in the early Heian period. He is a member of the , but there are no detailed histories or legends about him. There is a possibility that there never was such a person. Some believe him to have been Prince Yamashiro no Ōe.- Poetry example :...
(fl.FloruitFloruit , abbreviated fl. , is a Latin verb meaning "flourished", denoting the period of time during which something was active...
9th century) 猿丸大夫, also known as "Sarumaru no Dayū", early Heian periodHeian periodThe is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height...
wakaWaka (poetry)Waka or Yamato uta is a genre of classical Japanese verse and one of the major genres of Japanese literature...
poet; one of the Thirty Six Poetic Sages; no detailed histories or legends about him exist, and he may never have existed; some believe he was Prince Yamashiro no Ōe - SemimaruSemimaruwas a Japanese poet and musician of the early Heian period. His name is recorded in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu, but there are no historical accounts of his pedigree. Some accounts say he was a son of Uda Tennō, Prince Atsumi, or that he was the fourth son of Daigo Tennō...
蝉丸, also known as "Semimaro" (fl.FloruitFloruit , abbreviated fl. , is a Latin verb meaning "flourished", denoting the period of time during which something was active...
9th century), early Heian periodHeian periodThe is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height...
poet and musician ; some accounts say he was a son of Uda Tennō, Prince Atsumi, or that he was the fourth son of Daigo Tennō; some claim he lived during the reign of Ninmyō Tennō - The Six best Waka poetsSix best Waka poetsThe Six Immortals of Poetry were famous poets of Waka in the early Heian period of Japanese history. They were:* Henjo* Ariwara no Narihira* Fun'ya no Yasuhide* Kisen* Ono no Komachi* Ōtomo Kuronushi...
in Japan - Sugawara no MichizaneSugawara no Michizane, also known as Kan Shōjō , a grandson of Sugawara no Kiyotomo , was a scholar, poet, and politician of the Heian Period of Japan...
菅原道真, also known as "Kan Shōjō" 菅丞相, (845–903), Heian PeriodHeian periodThe is the last division of classical Japanese history, running from 794 to 1185. The period is named after the capital city of Heian-kyō, or modern Kyōto. It is the period in Japanese history when Buddhism, Taoism and other Chinese influences were at their height...
scholar, poet and politician; grandson of Sugawara no Kiyotomo; also wrote Chinese poetryChinese poetryChinese poetry is poetry written, spoken, or chanted in the Chinese language, which includes various versions of Chinese language, including Classical Chinese, Standard Chinese, Mandarin Chinese, Cantonese, Yue Chinese, as well as many other historical and vernacular varieties of the Chinese language...
China
- Pi RixiuPi RixiuPi Rixiu was a Tang Dynasty poet. His courtesy names ware Yishao and Ximei , and he wrote under the pen name Lumengzhi . Pi was a contemporary of poet Lu Guimeng; these two poets are often referred to as Pi-Lu....
(834–883), Tang DynastyTang DynastyThe Tang Dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire...
poet and magistrate
Works
- Approximate date of the text of the Bhagavata PuranaBhagavata puranaThe Bhāgavata Purāṇa is one of the "Maha" Puranic texts of Hindu literature, with its primary focus on bhakti to the incarnations of Vishnu, particularly Krishna...
- AsagaAsagaAsaga was a mid-9th century Digambara Jain poet who wrote in Sanskrit and Kannada language. He is most known for his extant work in Sanskrit, the Vardhaman Charitra . This epic poem which runs into 18 cantos was written in 853 CE. It is the earliest available Sanskrit biography of 24th and last...
's Vardhaman Charitra (Life of Vardhaman), written in 853 CE, the first Sanskrit biography of Jain Tirthankara, Mahavir.
Poets
- RajasekharaRajasekharaRajashekhara was an eminent Sanskrit poet, dramatist and critic. He was court poet of the Gurjara Pratiharas.He wrote Kavyamimamsa between 880 and 920 CE. The work is essentially a practical guide for poets that explains the elements and composition of a good poem. The fame of Rajashekhara...
, in Sanskrit - AsagaAsagaAsaga was a mid-9th century Digambara Jain poet who wrote in Sanskrit and Kannada language. He is most known for his extant work in Sanskrit, the Vardhaman Charitra . This epic poem which runs into 18 cantos was written in 853 CE. It is the earliest available Sanskrit biography of 24th and last...
, in Sanskrit and KannadaKannada languageKannada or , is a language spoken in India predominantly in the state of Karnataka. Kannada, whose native speakers are called Kannadigas and number roughly 50 million, is one of the 30 most spoken languages in the world...