Steinfeld, Bavaria
Encyclopedia
Steinfeld is a community in the Main-Spessart district
in the Regierungsbezirk
of Lower Franconia
(Unterfranken) in Bavaria
, Germany
and a member of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (Administrative Community) of Lohr am Main.
Spoken here is a Main-Franconian
dialect (according to the Language Atlas of the Bavarian Library, Lower East Franconian). The inhabitants are often called Steeflder Russe in the local area.
and Karlstadt
on the Fränkische Platte (a flat, mostly agricultural region), in the zone where the geology changes from bunter
- to Muschelkalk
-based.
The greater part of the municipal area is even today used for agriculture. Furthermore, the community also manages considerable woodlands, being in the outermost foothills of the Spessart
, which borders on the west. Most workers commute to jobs in nearby towns such as Lohr, Karlstadt and Würzburg
.
The community has the following Gemarkungen (traditional rural cadastral areas): Hausen, Steinfeld, Waldzell.
territorial unit).
About 1200, Steinfeld had already become an independent parish. The Neustadt am Main
Monastery raised entitlements to tithes. About 1336, the parish church was incorporated into the monastery, then known as Nuwenstat.
In 1614, new building work on the Parish Church of the Assumption of Mary
was completed. In 1842 came an expansion to the nave.
As part of the Princely Electorate (Hochstift) of Würzburg (Amt of Rothenfels), Steinfeld passed with the 1803 Reichsdeputationshauptschluss to the Counts of Löwenstein-Wertheim. In 1806 it became a Baden mediatized Amt, which in 1819 was ceded to Austria, which then ceded it to Bavaria.
The community today includes the outlying centres of Hausen (amalgamated in 1972) and Waldzell (1978).
The Ortsteil of Waldzell (formerly: Cella/Zell) is believed to have likewise arisen in the 9th century as a Neustadt monastic outpost (a “cell”). There are historical references to Saint Gertrude
. The Gertraudenkapelle (chapel
) was built over a spring
named for her (in 1616 by Julius Echter
, expansion about 1849). The building of Saint Vitus’s Church came about in 1612 on Julius Echter’s orders.
From the Ortsteil of Hausen came the peasant
leader Kaspar Leyser. He, along with two further rebellious peasants, was beheaded in June 1525 in Karlstadt.
and the Bürgerblock as well as by the voters’ communities of Hausen and Waldzell).
Municipal taxes in 1999 amounted to €1,347,000 (converted), of which net business taxes amounted to €476,000.
, Ille-et-Vilaine
, France
since 1992
This partnership is cultivated by visits every other year and through it have already arisen close German-French friendships.
might be described thus: Vert in base an inescutcheon argent, thereon an uncial N on which a small cross pattée sable, issuant from the inescutcheon Saint Sebastian proper with nimbus of the second and arrows of the same, one piercing him to the forearm sinister, another to the heart, and two in his hand dexter held in saltire, points to base, in chief dexter an inescutcheon dancetty of three gules and argent, in chief sinister an inescutcheon Or with a bend gules.
An 18th-century seal survives which shows Saint Sebastian, who has become a charge
in the modern arms. The N with the small cross was a symbol used by the Neustadt am Main
Monastery, and recalls Steinfeld’s history as a Neustadt holding. The heraldic pattern seen in the inescutcheon on the dexter (armsbearer’s right, viewer’s left) side, the so-called Franconian rake, refers to the Princely Electorate (Hochstift) of Würzburg, under whose ownership Steinfeld lay until the Old Empire
came to an end in 1803. The other inescutcheon, on the sinister (armsbearer’s left, viewer’s right) side is the arms borne by the House of Baden and recalls the short time up until 1819 when the community was part of the Grand Duchy of Baden
.
The arms have been borne since 1982.
this was 52. In other areas, 879 such workers worked from home. There were 3 processing businesses. Three businesses were in construction, and furthermore, in 1999, there were 77 agricultural operations with a working area of 1 887 ha, of which 1 666 ha was cropland and 206 ha was meadowland.
Main-Spessart
Main-Spessart is a district in Bavaria, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Bad Kissingen, Schweinfurt and Würzburg, the state of Baden-Württemberg , the districts of Miltenberg and Aschaffenburg, and the state of Hesse .-History:The district was established in 1972 by merging the former...
in the Regierungsbezirk
Regierungsbezirk
In Germany, a Government District, in German: Regierungsbezirk – is a subdivision of certain federal states .They are above the Kreise, Landkreise, and kreisfreie Städte...
of Lower Franconia
Lower Franconia
Lower Franconia is one of the three administrative regions of Franconia in Bavaria , Germany ....
(Unterfranken) in Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
and a member of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (Administrative Community) of Lohr am Main.
Spoken here is a Main-Franconian
Main-Franconian
Main-Franconian is group of Central German dialects being part of the East Franconian group. The name is derived from the river Main which meets the river Rhine near Frankfurt after having crossed the former West Germany from East to West...
dialect (according to the Language Atlas of the Bavarian Library, Lower East Franconian). The inhabitants are often called Steeflder Russe in the local area.
Location
Steinfeld lies between Lohr am MainLohr
Lohr am Main is a town in the Main-Spessart district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia in Bavaria, Germany and the seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft of Lohr am Main.- Location :The town lies on the Main in the Spessart about halfway between Würzburg and...
and Karlstadt
Karlstadt
Karlstadt can refer to places:* Karlstadt am Main, Germany* Karlovac, Croatia * Karlstad, Swedenor to:* Andreas Karlstadt, a contemporary of Martin Luther during the Reformation....
on the Fränkische Platte (a flat, mostly agricultural region), in the zone where the geology changes from bunter
Bunter (geology)
Bunter beds are sandstone deposits containing rounded pebbles, such as can notably be found in Warwickshire, Cheshire, Staffordshire, Nottinghamshire, Yorkshire, Devon and Dorset in England...
- to Muschelkalk
Muschelkalk
The Muschelkalk is a sequence of sedimentary rock strata in the geology of central and western Europe. It has a Middle Triassic age and forms the middle part of the Germanic Trias, that further consists of the Buntsandstein and Keuper...
-based.
The greater part of the municipal area is even today used for agriculture. Furthermore, the community also manages considerable woodlands, being in the outermost foothills of the Spessart
Spessart
The Spessart is a low mountain range in northwestern Bavaria and southern Hesse, Germany. It is bordered on three sides by the Main River. The two most important towns located at the foot of the Spessart are Aschaffenburg and Würzburg....
, which borders on the west. Most workers commute to jobs in nearby towns such as Lohr, Karlstadt and Würzburg
Würzburg
Würzburg is a city in the region of Franconia which lies in the northern tip of Bavaria, Germany. Located at the Main River, it is the capital of the Regierungsbezirk Lower Franconia. The regional dialect is Franconian....
.
Constituent communities
Steinfeld’s outlying Ortsteile are Hausen and Waldzell.The community has the following Gemarkungen (traditional rural cadastral areas): Hausen, Steinfeld, Waldzell.
History
In 812, Steinfeld had its first documentary mention. In documents from that time, it is styled Steinvelt im Waldsassengove (that is, the Waldsassengau, a mediaevalMiddle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
territorial unit).
About 1200, Steinfeld had already become an independent parish. The Neustadt am Main
Neustadt am Main
Neustadt am Main is a community in the Main-Spessart district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft of Lohr am Main.- Location :Neustadt am Main lies in the Würzburg Region.The community has the following Gemarkungen...
Monastery raised entitlements to tithes. About 1336, the parish church was incorporated into the monastery, then known as Nuwenstat.
In 1614, new building work on the Parish Church of the Assumption of Mary
Assumption of Mary
According to the belief of Christians of the Roman Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, and parts of the Anglican Communion and Continuing Anglicanism, the Assumption of Mary was the bodily taking up of the Virgin Mary into Heaven at the end of her life...
was completed. In 1842 came an expansion to the nave.
As part of the Princely Electorate (Hochstift) of Würzburg (Amt of Rothenfels), Steinfeld passed with the 1803 Reichsdeputationshauptschluss to the Counts of Löwenstein-Wertheim. In 1806 it became a Baden mediatized Amt, which in 1819 was ceded to Austria, which then ceded it to Bavaria.
The community today includes the outlying centres of Hausen (amalgamated in 1972) and Waldzell (1978).
The Ortsteil of Waldzell (formerly: Cella/Zell) is believed to have likewise arisen in the 9th century as a Neustadt monastic outpost (a “cell”). There are historical references to Saint Gertrude
Gertrude of Nivelles
Saint Gertrude of Nivelles was abbess of the Benedictine monastery of Nivelles, in present-day Belgium.She was a daughter of Pepin I of Landen and Saint Itta, and a younger sister of Saint Begga, Abbess of Andenne, Saint Bavo and Grimoald I.One day, when she was about ten years of age, her father...
. The Gertraudenkapelle (chapel
Chapel
A chapel is a building used by Christians as a place of fellowship and worship. It may be part of a larger structure or complex, such as a church, college, hospital, palace, prison or funeral home, located on board a military or commercial ship, or it may be an entirely free-standing building,...
) was built over a spring
Spring (hydrosphere)
A spring—also known as a rising or resurgence—is a component of the hydrosphere. Specifically, it is any natural situation where water flows to the surface of the earth from underground...
named for her (in 1616 by Julius Echter
Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn
Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn was a Prince-Bishop of Würzburg, Echter was born in Mespelbrunn Castle, Spessart and died in Würzburg....
, expansion about 1849). The building of Saint Vitus’s Church came about in 1612 on Julius Echter’s orders.
From the Ortsteil of Hausen came the peasant
German Peasants' War
The German Peasants' War or Great Peasants' Revolt was a widespread popular revolt in the German-speaking areas of Central Europe, 1524–1526. At its height in the spring and summer of 1525, the conflict involved an estimated 300,000 peasants: contemporary estimates put the dead at 100,000...
leader Kaspar Leyser. He, along with two further rebellious peasants, was beheaded in June 1525 in Karlstadt.
Population development
Within town limits, 1,991 inhabitants were counted in 1970, 2,060 in 1987 and in 2000 2,277.Politics
The mayor is Matthias Loschert (in Steinfeld supported by the CSUChristian Social Union of Bavaria
The Christian Social Union in Bavaria is a Christian democratic and conservative political party in Germany. It operates only in the state of Bavaria, while its sister party, the Christian Democratic Union , operates in the other 15 states of Germany...
and the Bürgerblock as well as by the voters’ communities of Hausen and Waldzell).
Municipal taxes in 1999 amounted to €1,347,000 (converted), of which net business taxes amounted to €476,000.
Town partnerships
ChauvignéChauvigné
Chauvigné is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department in Brittany in north-western France.-Geography:Chauvigné is located at northeast of Rennes and south of the Mont Saint-Michel....
, Ille-et-Vilaine
Ille-et-Vilaine
Ille-et-Vilaine is a department of France, located in the region of Brittany in the northwest of the country.- History :Ille-et-Vilaine is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
since 1992
This partnership is cultivated by visits every other year and through it have already arisen close German-French friendships.
Coat of arms
The community’s armsCoat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
might be described thus: Vert in base an inescutcheon argent, thereon an uncial N on which a small cross pattée sable, issuant from the inescutcheon Saint Sebastian proper with nimbus of the second and arrows of the same, one piercing him to the forearm sinister, another to the heart, and two in his hand dexter held in saltire, points to base, in chief dexter an inescutcheon dancetty of three gules and argent, in chief sinister an inescutcheon Or with a bend gules.
An 18th-century seal survives which shows Saint Sebastian, who has become a charge
Charge (heraldry)
In heraldry, a charge is any emblem or device occupying the field of an escutcheon . This may be a geometric design or a symbolic representation of a person, animal, plant, object or other device...
in the modern arms. The N with the small cross was a symbol used by the Neustadt am Main
Neustadt am Main
Neustadt am Main is a community in the Main-Spessart district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft of Lohr am Main.- Location :Neustadt am Main lies in the Würzburg Region.The community has the following Gemarkungen...
Monastery, and recalls Steinfeld’s history as a Neustadt holding. The heraldic pattern seen in the inescutcheon on the dexter (armsbearer’s right, viewer’s left) side, the so-called Franconian rake, refers to the Princely Electorate (Hochstift) of Würzburg, under whose ownership Steinfeld lay until the Old Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
came to an end in 1803. The other inescutcheon, on the sinister (armsbearer’s left, viewer’s right) side is the arms borne by the House of Baden and recalls the short time up until 1819 when the community was part of the Grand Duchy of Baden
Grand Duchy of Baden
The Grand Duchy of Baden was a historical state in the southwest of Germany, on the east bank of the Rhine. It existed between 1806 and 1918.-History:...
.
The arms have been borne since 1982.
Economy and infrastructure
According to official statistics, there were 192 workers on the social welfare contribution rolls working in producing businesses in 1998. In trade and transportTransport
Transport or transportation is the movement of people, cattle, animals and goods from one location to another. Modes of transport include air, rail, road, water, cable, pipeline, and space. The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles, and operations...
this was 52. In other areas, 879 such workers worked from home. There were 3 processing businesses. Three businesses were in construction, and furthermore, in 1999, there were 77 agricultural operations with a working area of 1 887 ha, of which 1 666 ha was cropland and 206 ha was meadowland.
Education
As of 1999 the following institutions existed in Steinfeld:- KindergartenKindergartenA kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...
s: 100 spaces with 93 children - Primary schools: 1 with 7 teachers and 124 pupils
Further reading
- Karl Josef Barthels: Steinfeld bei Lohr am Main: Beiträge zu einer Chronik - C. Keller, Lohr am Main, 1956 - Heft 1-3