Scandinavian Brazilian
Encyclopedia
Scandinavian Brazilian is a Brazilian person of full, partial, or predominantly Scandinavian ancestry, or a Scandinavian-born person residing in Brazil.
Scandinavia
n settlement in Brazil
took place principally in the mid to late 19th century, when Scandinavians people arrived in Brazil
. Many Scandinavians came to Brazil for economic reasons and in order to start a new life.
In recent years, many Norwegians
and Swedish have immigrated to the littoral zone of the State of Rio Grande do Norte
and Ceará
, attracted by the beach
es and the tropical climate.
Daniel Solander
, disciple of Carl von Linné, was the first known Swede to arrive in Brazil
.
The relations between Brazil and Sweden are rooted in the family ties of the Brazilian and the Swedish Royal Families and in the Swedish emigration to Brazil in the end of the 19th century. The wife of King Oscar I of Sweden, Queen Josefina av Leuchtenberg, was sister to Amelia de Leuchtenberg, wife of Emperor Pedro I of Brazil. Diplomatic relations between Brazil
and Sweden
were established in 1826.
In Riddarholmen
, where Swedish kings and noblemen are buried, there are commemorative plaques of Emperors Pedro I and Pedro II as well as of President Epitácio Pessoa (who received the Order of Serafim). The first Swedish emigrants arrived in Brazil in 1890, and in 1909 the first sea line between the two countries was initiated.
Mass emigration from Norway
started about 1865–1866, after the civil war was over. Several ship-owners saw the opportunity to earn good money by transporting emigrants to New World
. United States
, Canada
and Brazil
received many Norwegians
.
In Curitiba
, one of the first Scandinavians
of note to arrive was Alfredo Andersen, an artist who arrived towards the end of the 19th century and painted well into the 1930s. The Museu Alfredo Andersen contains much of his work, located in Paraná (state)
. In addition, Icelandic immigrants considered settlement there 1863 and again in 1873, though few actually made it to Brazil.
Probably the largest concentration of Swedish immigrants to Brazil is located in the area of the Missões in the southern state of Rio Grande do Sul, where in the late 1800s 200 families of Swedish immigrants moved to the city of Guarani das Missões.
Examples of this immigration is the Karlson House (Casa Sueca) in Guarani das Missões, the Svenska Kulturhuset in the district of Linha Jansen (Farroupilha, RS), the Mission of Örebro in Venancio Aires, RS. Swedish cultural groups includes the Ovenska Danser ballet of Ijuí, RS and the Ballet Patrícia Johnson of Bento Gonçalves, RS.
In April 2010, the City of Nova Roma, RS celebrated the 120th anniversary of the Swedish immigration to the city. Earlier, in 1991, the city of Ijui, RS celebrated the immigration of the Scandinavians to their city (mainly Swedes) with the opening of a Swedish Cultural Center in the city.
[There is also a significant immigration of Swedish and Danish citizens to the region of São João da Boa Vista
, in the state of São Paulo
.
n Church
in Brazil
is a part of The Swedish Church Abroad (SKUT) - which belongs to The Swedish Church. They offer services for Scandinavians
or persons with Scandinavia
n related interests. They have church
es in Rio de Janeiro
and São Paulo
.
n restaurant
in São Paulo
today, and has been serving Scandinavia
n food
for over seven years.
and Norwegian
Colony to be given to a male member on his 50th birthday, having lived at least 2 years in Rio de Janeiro
. In 1947, The Swedish Association was created. Some of the first Swedish companies were established as early as before the World War I
. In 1950, The Danish
Association (Den Danske Klub) was established and is still running. In 1951, the Scandinavia
n Golf
tournament started and is still running. The winner receives a challenge cup. In 1955, The Norwegian Association (Det Norske Samfund) was established.
In 1994, The Norwegian Association was put on "hold" since there had been a notable reduction of Norwegians
in Rio during the last three years and few Norwegians who remained had the possibility to keep the Association up and running. In 2001, The Swedish
Association transformed into the Scandinavia
n Association and are since then including all the Nordic countries
; Denmark
, Finland
, Iceland
, Norway
and Sweden
.
Scandinavia
Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a cultural, historical and ethno-linguistic region in northern Europe that includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, characterized by their common ethno-cultural heritage and language. Modern Norway and Sweden proper are situated on the Scandinavian Peninsula,...
n settlement in Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
took place principally in the mid to late 19th century, when Scandinavians people arrived in Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
. Many Scandinavians came to Brazil for economic reasons and in order to start a new life.
In recent years, many Norwegians
Norwegians
Norwegians constitute both a nation and an ethnic group native to Norway. They share a common culture and speak the Norwegian language. Norwegian people and their descendants are found in migrant communities worldwide, notably in United States, Canada and Brazil.-History:Towards the end of the 3rd...
and Swedish have immigrated to the littoral zone of the State of Rio Grande do Norte
Rio Grande do Norte
Rio Grande do Norte is one of the states of Brazil, located in the northeastern region of the country, occupying the northeasternmost tip of the South American continent. Because of its geographic position, Rio Grande do Norte has a strategic importance. The capital and largest city is Natal...
and Ceará
Ceará
Ceará is one of the 27 states of Brazil, located in the northeastern part of the country, on the Atlantic coast. It is currently the 8th largest Brazilian State by population and the 17th by area. It is also one of the main touristic destinations in Brazil. The state capital is the city of...
, attracted by the beach
Beach
A beach is a geological landform along the shoreline of an ocean, sea, lake or river. It usually consists of loose particles which are often composed of rock, such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles or cobblestones...
es and the tropical climate.
History
In 1768, the scientistScientist
A scientist in a broad sense is one engaging in a systematic activity to acquire knowledge. In a more restricted sense, a scientist is an individual who uses the scientific method. The person may be an expert in one or more areas of science. This article focuses on the more restricted use of the word...
Daniel Solander
Daniel Solander
Daniel Carlsson Solander or Daniel Charles Solander was a Swedish naturalist and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus. Solander was the first university educated scientist to set foot on Australian soil.-Biography:...
, disciple of Carl von Linné, was the first known Swede to arrive in Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
.
The relations between Brazil and Sweden are rooted in the family ties of the Brazilian and the Swedish Royal Families and in the Swedish emigration to Brazil in the end of the 19th century. The wife of King Oscar I of Sweden, Queen Josefina av Leuchtenberg, was sister to Amelia de Leuchtenberg, wife of Emperor Pedro I of Brazil. Diplomatic relations between Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
and Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
were established in 1826.
In Riddarholmen
Riddarholmen
Riddarholmen is a small islet in central Stockholm, Sweden. The island forms part of Gamla Stan, the old town, and houses a number of private palaces dating from the 17th century...
, where Swedish kings and noblemen are buried, there are commemorative plaques of Emperors Pedro I and Pedro II as well as of President Epitácio Pessoa (who received the Order of Serafim). The first Swedish emigrants arrived in Brazil in 1890, and in 1909 the first sea line between the two countries was initiated.
Mass emigration from Norway
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
started about 1865–1866, after the civil war was over. Several ship-owners saw the opportunity to earn good money by transporting emigrants to New World
New World
The New World is one of the names used for the Western Hemisphere, specifically America and sometimes Oceania . The term originated in the late 15th century, when America had been recently discovered by European explorers, expanding the geographical horizon of the people of the European middle...
. United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
and Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
received many Norwegians
Norwegians
Norwegians constitute both a nation and an ethnic group native to Norway. They share a common culture and speak the Norwegian language. Norwegian people and their descendants are found in migrant communities worldwide, notably in United States, Canada and Brazil.-History:Towards the end of the 3rd...
.
In Curitiba
Curitiba
Curitiba is the capital of the Brazilian state of Paraná. It is the largest city with the biggest economy of both Paraná and southern Brazil. The population of Curitiba numbers approximately 1.75 million people and the latest GDP figures for the city surpass US$61 billion according to...
, one of the first Scandinavians
Scandinavians
Scandinavians are a group of Germanic peoples, inhabiting Scandinavia and to a lesser extent countries associated with Scandinavia, and speaking Scandinavian languages. The group includes Danes, Norwegians and Swedes, and additionally the descendants of Scandinavian settlers such as the Icelandic...
of note to arrive was Alfredo Andersen, an artist who arrived towards the end of the 19th century and painted well into the 1930s. The Museu Alfredo Andersen contains much of his work, located in Paraná (state)
Paraná (state)
Paraná is one of the states of Brazil, located in the South of the country, bordered on the north by São Paulo state, on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, on the south by Santa Catarina state and the Misiones Province of Argentina, and on the west by Mato Grosso do Sul and the republic of Paraguay,...
. In addition, Icelandic immigrants considered settlement there 1863 and again in 1873, though few actually made it to Brazil.
Probably the largest concentration of Swedish immigrants to Brazil is located in the area of the Missões in the southern state of Rio Grande do Sul, where in the late 1800s 200 families of Swedish immigrants moved to the city of Guarani das Missões.
Examples of this immigration is the Karlson House (Casa Sueca) in Guarani das Missões, the Svenska Kulturhuset in the district of Linha Jansen (Farroupilha, RS), the Mission of Örebro in Venancio Aires, RS. Swedish cultural groups includes the Ovenska Danser ballet of Ijuí, RS and the Ballet Patrícia Johnson of Bento Gonçalves, RS.
In April 2010, the City of Nova Roma, RS celebrated the 120th anniversary of the Swedish immigration to the city. Earlier, in 1991, the city of Ijui, RS celebrated the immigration of the Scandinavians to their city (mainly Swedes) with the opening of a Swedish Cultural Center in the city.
[There is also a significant immigration of Swedish and Danish citizens to the region of São João da Boa Vista
São João da Boa Vista
São João da Boa Vista is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2004 was 81,614 and the area is 517.49 km². The elevation is 767 m.-The foundation history:The city was founded on June 24, 1821...
, in the state of São Paulo
São Paulo (state)
São Paulo is a state in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy. Named after Saint Paul, São Paulo has the largest population, industrial complex, and economic production in the country. It is the richest state in Brazil...
.
Religion and culture
The ScandinaviaScandinavia
Scandinavia is a cultural, historical and ethno-linguistic region in northern Europe that includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, characterized by their common ethno-cultural heritage and language. Modern Norway and Sweden proper are situated on the Scandinavian Peninsula,...
n Church
National church
National church is a concept of a Christian church associated with a specific ethnic group or nation state. The idea was notably discussed during the 19th century, during the emergence of modern nationalism....
in Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
is a part of The Swedish Church Abroad (SKUT) - which belongs to The Swedish Church. They offer services for Scandinavians
Scandinavians
Scandinavians are a group of Germanic peoples, inhabiting Scandinavia and to a lesser extent countries associated with Scandinavia, and speaking Scandinavian languages. The group includes Danes, Norwegians and Swedes, and additionally the descendants of Scandinavian settlers such as the Icelandic...
or persons with Scandinavia
Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a cultural, historical and ethno-linguistic region in northern Europe that includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, characterized by their common ethno-cultural heritage and language. Modern Norway and Sweden proper are situated on the Scandinavian Peninsula,...
n related interests. They have church
National church
National church is a concept of a Christian church associated with a specific ethnic group or nation state. The idea was notably discussed during the 19th century, during the emergence of modern nationalism....
es in Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...
and São Paulo
São Paulo
São Paulo is the largest city in Brazil, the largest city in the southern hemisphere and South America, and the world's seventh largest city by population. The metropolis is anchor to the São Paulo metropolitan area, ranked as the second-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas and among...
.
Scandinavian food
Svanen is the only ScandinaviaScandinavia
Scandinavia is a cultural, historical and ethno-linguistic region in northern Europe that includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, characterized by their common ethno-cultural heritage and language. Modern Norway and Sweden proper are situated on the Scandinavian Peninsula,...
n restaurant
Restaurant
A restaurant is an establishment which prepares and serves food and drink to customers in return for money. Meals are generally served and eaten on premises, but many restaurants also offer take-out and food delivery services...
in São Paulo
São Paulo
São Paulo is the largest city in Brazil, the largest city in the southern hemisphere and South America, and the world's seventh largest city by population. The metropolis is anchor to the São Paulo metropolitan area, ranked as the second-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas and among...
today, and has been serving Scandinavia
Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a cultural, historical and ethno-linguistic region in northern Europe that includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, characterized by their common ethno-cultural heritage and language. Modern Norway and Sweden proper are situated on the Scandinavian Peninsula,...
n food
Food
Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for the body. It is usually of plant or animal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals...
for over seven years.
Scandinavian Association in Rio
In 1933, the 50 "Ars Pokalen" was created, to travel within the SwedishSweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
and Norwegian
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
Colony to be given to a male member on his 50th birthday, having lived at least 2 years in Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...
. In 1947, The Swedish Association was created. Some of the first Swedish companies were established as early as before the World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
. In 1950, The Danish
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
Association (Den Danske Klub) was established and is still running. In 1951, the Scandinavia
Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a cultural, historical and ethno-linguistic region in northern Europe that includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, characterized by their common ethno-cultural heritage and language. Modern Norway and Sweden proper are situated on the Scandinavian Peninsula,...
n Golf
Golf
Golf is a precision club and ball sport, in which competing players use many types of clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a golf course using the fewest number of strokes....
tournament started and is still running. The winner receives a challenge cup. In 1955, The Norwegian Association (Det Norske Samfund) was established.
In 1994, The Norwegian Association was put on "hold" since there had been a notable reduction of Norwegians
Norwegians
Norwegians constitute both a nation and an ethnic group native to Norway. They share a common culture and speak the Norwegian language. Norwegian people and their descendants are found in migrant communities worldwide, notably in United States, Canada and Brazil.-History:Towards the end of the 3rd...
in Rio during the last three years and few Norwegians who remained had the possibility to keep the Association up and running. In 2001, The Swedish
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
Association transformed into the Scandinavia
Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a cultural, historical and ethno-linguistic region in northern Europe that includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, characterized by their common ethno-cultural heritage and language. Modern Norway and Sweden proper are situated on the Scandinavian Peninsula,...
n Association and are since then including all the Nordic countries
Northern Europe
Northern Europe is the northern part or region of Europe. Northern Europe typically refers to the seven countries in the northern part of the European subcontinent which includes Denmark, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Finland and Sweden...
; Denmark
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
, Finland
Finland
Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
, Iceland
Iceland
Iceland , described as the Republic of Iceland, is a Nordic and European island country in the North Atlantic Ocean, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Iceland also refers to the main island of the country, which contains almost all the population and almost all the land area. The country has a population...
, Norway
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
and Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
.
Notable Scandinavian Brazilians
- Lars Bjorkstrom (Swedish Brazilian)
- Robert ScheidtRobert ScheidtRobert Scheidt is a renowned Brazilian sailor, having won two gold medals and two silver medals from four Olympic Games...
- Bob Burnquist
- Torben GraelTorben GraelTorben Schmidt Grael is one of the most well known Brazilian sailors, renowned in international competitions. A descendant of Danes, he was taken sailing by his grandfather at five years old on the sailboat Aileen, of the extinct 6 meter class, which was the boat used by the silver medal winning...
- Lars GraelLars GraelLars Schmidt Grael is a former sailor and Brazilian politician. His brother, Torben Grael, is also a sailor....
- Marina Person, TV Host
- Augusto Bruno Nielson and Eugênio Nielson, founders of the "Nielson Bus" bodies in Brazil.BusscarBusscarBusscar Ônibus S.A. is a Brazilian bus manufacturer that builds coaches, trolleybuses, charter and tour buses. The company is based in Joinville in the south of Brazil, where it has industrial premises that cover 1,000,000 m2, including a building of 84,000 m2.-History:The business has its origins...
- Erik Jansson Erik Jansson
- Eduardo Domingues de Jesus, music producer and computer expert :fi:Eduardo and His Brazilian Aeroplane
- Amyr Klink Amyr Klink
- Lars Sigurd BjörkströmLars Sigurd BjörkströmLars Sigurd Björkström is a Brazilian sailor and Olympic Champion. He competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow and won a gold medal in the Tornado class.-References:...
- Manuel Bergström
- Carlos Hugo Christensen, Filmmaker
- Luis Sergio Person, Filmmaker
- Monique OlsenMonique OlsenMonique Grotto Olsen is a Brazilian fashion model. Olsen's agencies include/have been Ford Brazil ; Mega Models - Miami; Women Management; Women Management - Milan; Traffic Models; Premier Model Management; Saturo Japan, INC; and Mega Models Brasil.Olsen has appeared in ad campaigns for D&G,...
- Cristiano Lauritzen, Politician(mayor) in Campina Grande, Paraíba
See also
- Immigration to BrazilImmigration to BrazilImmigration to Brazil is the movement to Brazil of foreign persons to reside permanently. It should not be confused with the colonisation of the country by the Portuguese, or with the forcible bringing of people from Africa as slaves....
- White BrazilianWhite BrazilianWhite Brazilians make up 48.4% of Brazil's population, or around 92 million people, according to the IBGE's 2008 PNAD . Whites are present in the entire territory of Brazil, although the main concentrations are found in the South and Southeastern parts of the country...
- Danish people
- Norwegian people
- Swedish people