Royal coronations in Poland - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Royal coronations in Poland officially began in 1025 and continued until 1764, when the final King of an independent Poland

Poland

Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...

, Stanisław August Poniatowski, was crowned

Coronation

A coronation is a ceremony marking the formal investiture of a monarch and/or their consort with regal power, usually involving the placement of a crown upon their head and the presentation of other items of regalia...

at St. John's Cathedral

St. John's Cathedral, Warsaw

St. John's Archcathedral in Warsaw is a Catholic church in Warsaw's Old Town, is the only one archcathedral in Warszawa, the other 3 are cathedrals in the Polish capital. St. John's stands immediately adjacent to Warsaw's Jesuit church, and is one of the oldest churches in the city and the main...

in Warsaw

Warsaw

Warsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...

. Most Polish coronations took place at the Wawel Cathedral

Wawel Cathedral

The Wawel Cathedral, also known as the Cathedral Basilica of Sts. Stanisław and Vaclav, is a church located on Wawel Hill in Kraków–Poland's national sanctuary. It has a 1,000-year history and was the traditional coronation site of Polish monarchs. It is the Cathedral of the Archdiocese of Kraków...

in Kraków

Kraków

Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...

, but crownings also occurred in Poznań

Poznan

Poznań is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, with a population of 556,022 in June 2009. It is among the oldest cities in Poland, and was one of the most important centres in the early Polish state, whose first rulers were buried at Poznań's cathedral. It is sometimes claimed to be...

and at Gniezno Cathedral

Gniezno Cathedral

Cathedral Basilica of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and St. Adalbert is a Gothic cathedral in Gniezno, Poland. The Cathedral is known for its twelfth-century , two-winged bronze doors decorated with scenes of martyrdom of St. Wojciech and a silver relic coffin of that saint...

. Whenever practical, Polish coronations were conducted as close as possible as to the date of the previous sovereign's funeral. This was explained by Joachim Bielski in the sixteenth century as osoba umiera, korona nie umiera, or "the royal person dies, the crown dies not". With the emergence of an independent, republican Poland after World War I

World War I

World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...

, coronations in the Polish state have been rendered obsolete.

Though many of the Polish Crown Jewels

Polish Crown Jewels

The only surviving original piece of the Polish Crown Jewels from the time of the Piast dynasty is the ceremonial sword - Szczerbiec. It is currently on display along with other preserved royal items in the Wawel Royal Castle Museum, Kraków....

were stolen and destroyed by king Frederick William III of Prussia

Frederick William III of Prussia

Frederick William III was king of Prussia from 1797 to 1840. He was in personal union the sovereign prince of the Principality of Neuchâtel .-Early life:...

in March 1809 after the Third Partition of Poland

Third Partition of Poland

The Third Partition of Poland or Third Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in 1795 as the third and last of three partitions that ended the existence of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.-Background:...

, remaining pieces are exhibited at the National Museum in Warsaw

National Museum in Warsaw

The National Museum in Warsaw , Poland, is a national institution of culture, one of the largest museums in Poland and the largest in Warsaw. It comprise a rich collection of ancient art , counting about 11.000 pieces, an extensive gallery of Polish painting since the 16th century and a collection...

The ceremony

During the period when coronations were held in Kraków, the following order was observed: on the eve of his coronation, the new monarch fasted, gave alms

Alms

Alms or almsgiving is a religious rite which, in general, involves giving materially to another as an act of religious virtue.It exists in a number of religions. In Philippine Regions, alms are given as charity to benefit the poor. In Buddhism, alms are given by lay people to monks and nuns to...

, and partook of the Catholic sacrament of confession

Confession

This article is for the religious practice of confessing one's sins.Confession is the acknowledgment of sin or wrongs...

. He then walked on foot from the royal Wawel Castle

Wawel Castle

The Gothic Wawel Castle in Kraków in Poland was built at the behest of Casimir III the Great and consists of a number of structures situated around the central courtyard. In the 14th century it was rebuilt by Jogaila and Jadwiga of Poland. Their reign saw the addition of the tower called the Hen's...

to the Basilica of St. Stanisław

Wawel Cathedral

, patron saint of Poland. Unlike the remainder of the service, the royal procession was opened to the Polish masses. On the morning of the ceremony, the king was met in his bedchamber by a procession consisting of the local Metropolitan Archbishop and other notables. Wearing Episcopal clothing, the monarch was blessed with holy water and incensed. Following this, king, metropolitan and the others made their way in procession to the cathedral.

Inside the church, the Polish regalia were laid on the high altar, while the king was seated on a low chair nearby. The royal oath was administered, and the new monarch then knelt before the altar. Two mitred abbots next entered from a side chapel, carrying a mixture of holy oils, with which the ruler was then anointed. Following this, the king was handed a sword, which he used to trace a cross in the air. Next he was crowned by the Archbishop, assisted by two other bishops, following which he received his orb and scepter. The high mass continued, with the newly-crowned sovereign receiving Holy Communion, then kissing a crucifix

Crucifix

A crucifix is an independent image of Jesus on the cross with a representation of Jesus' body, referred to in English as the corpus , as distinct from a cross with no body....

and mounting his throne. Following this, the king created several new knight

Knight

A knight was a member of a class of lower nobility in the High Middle Ages.By the Late Middle Ages, the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry, a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior....

s, then attended a coronation feast and rode into the public square on horseback, where he received the homage of his subjects while seated in a large chair.

List of Polish coronations

*	King or Queen Polish name	Site	Coronator	Crown used
K	Boleslaus I, the Brave Bolesław I Chrobry	Gniezno Cathedral Gniezno Cathedral Cathedral Basilica of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and St. Adalbert is a Gothic cathedral in Gniezno, Poland. The Cathedral is known for its twelfth-century , two-winged bronze doors decorated with scenes of martyrdom of St. Wojciech and a silver relic coffin of that saint...	Emperor Otto III Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor Otto III , a King of Germany, was the fourth ruler of the Saxon or Ottonian dynasty of the Holy Roman Empire. He was elected King in 983 on the death of his father Otto II and was crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 996.-Early reign:... of the Holy Roman Empire Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...	Emperor Otto III's personal diadem
K	Boleslaus I, the Brave Bolesław I Chrobry	Gniezno Cathedral	Hipolit, Archbishop of Gniezno	Original Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
K	Mieszko II Lambert Mieszko II Lambert Mieszko II Lambert was King of Poland during 1025–1031, and Duke from 1032 until his death.He was the second son of Bolesław I the Brave, but the eldest born from his third wife Emmilda, daughter of Dobromir, possible ruler of Lusatia. He was probably named after his paternal grandfather, Mieszko I...	Gniezno Cathedral	Hipolit, Archbishop of Gniezno	Original Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
Q	Richeza of Lotharingia Rycheza Lotaryńska	Gniezno Cathedral	Hipolit, Archbishop of Gniezno	Richeza's Crown
K	Boleslaus II, the Bold Bolesław II Śmiały	Gniezno Cathedral	Bogumił, Archbishop of Gniezno	Boleslaus the Bold's Crown
K	Premislaus Przemysł	Gniezno Cathedral	Jakub Świnka Jakub Swinka Jakub Świnka was a Polish Catholic priest, the Archbishop of Gniezno and a notable politician and supporter of the idea of unification of all Polish lands under the rule of Władysław I the Elbow-high. His Coat of Arms was Świnka.... , Archbishop of Gniezno	Boleslaus the Bold's Crown
Q	Margaret of Brandenburg Margaret of Brandenburg Margaret of Brandenburg-Salzwedel was a Polish queen consort as the spouse of king Przemysł II of Poland and later a Saxon duchess consort as spouse of Albert III of Saxe-Ratzeburg... Małgorzata Brandenburska	Gniezno Cathedral	Jakub Świnka, Archbishop of Gniezno	Margaret of Brandenburg's Crown
K	Wenceslaus of Bohemia Wacław Czeski	Gniezno Cathedral	Jakub Świnka, Archbishop of Gniezno	Boleslaus the Bold's Crown
Q	Elisabeth Richeza Elisabeth Richeza of Poland Elisabeth Richenza of Poland was a daughter and the only surviving child of Przemysl II of Poland and his second wife Richenza of Sweden, herself a daughter of Valdemar I of Sweden and Sofia of Denmark.Her name at birth was Richeza; she adopted the name Elisabeth after her first marriage... Ryksa Elżbieta	Prague Cathedral St. Vitus Cathedral Saint Vitus' Cathedral is as a Roman Catholic cathedral in Prague, and the seat of the Archbishop of Prague. The full name of the cathedral is St. Vitus, St. Wenceslas and St. Adalbert Cathedral...	Henryk of Wierzbno, Bishop of Wrocław	Margaret of Brandenburg's Crown
K	Ladislaus I, the Short Władysław I Łokietek	Kraków Cathedral Wawel Cathedral The Wawel Cathedral, also known as the Cathedral Basilica of Sts. Stanisław and Vaclav, is a church located on Wawel Hill in Kraków–Poland's national sanctuary. It has a 1,000-year history and was the traditional coronation site of Polish monarchs. It is the Cathedral of the Archdiocese of Kraków...	Janisław, Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
Q	Hedwig of Kalisz Jadwiga Kaliska	Kraków Cathedral	Janisław, Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
K	Casimir III, the Great Casimir III of Poland Casimir III the Great , last King of Poland from the Piast dynasty , was the son of King Władysław I the Elbow-high and Hedwig of Kalisz.-Biography:... Kazimierz III Wielki	Kraków Cathedral	Janisław, Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
Q	Aldona Anna	Kraków Cathedral	Janisław, Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
Q	Adelaide of Hesse Adelaide of Hesse Adelaide of Hesse was a daughter of Henry II, Landgrave of Hesse, and his wife Elisabeth of Thuringia. Adelaide was a member of the House of Hesse.-Unhappy marriage:... Adelajda Heska	Poznań Cathedral	Janisław, Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
K	Louis of Hungary Ludwik Węgierski	Kraków Cathedral	Jarosław of Bogoria, Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
K	Hedwig of Angevin Jadwiga of Poland Jadwiga was monarch of Poland from 1384 to her death. Her official title was 'king' rather than 'queen', reflecting that she was a sovereign in her own right and not merely a royal consort. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, the daughter of King Louis I of Hungary and Elizabeth of... Jadwiga Andegaweńska	Kraków Cathedral	Bodzanta Bodzanta Bodzanta or Bodzęta of Kosowice of Szeliga coat of arms was an archbishop of Gniezno , Polish noble, governor of Kraków–Sandomierz lands .Supporter of Louis I of Hungary and the Angevin dynasty... , Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Angevin's Crown
K	Ladislaus II Jogaila Jogaila, later 'He is known under a number of names: ; ; . See also: Jogaila : names and titles. was Grand Duke of Lithuania , king consort of Kingdom of Poland , and sole King of Poland . He ruled in Lithuania from 1377, at first with his uncle Kęstutis... Władysław II Jagiełło	Kraków Cathedral	Bodzanta, Archbishop of Gniezno	Ladislaus II's Crown
Q	Anna of Celje Anna of Celje Anne of Celje was Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania, 1402–1416 as second wife of Jogaila, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania .... Anna Cylejska	Kraków Cathedral	Mikołaj Kurowski, Archbishop of Gniezno	Anna of Celje's Crown
Q	Elisabeth of Pilica Elisabeth of Pilica Elisabeth of Pilica was Queen consort of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania as the third wife of Jogaila who was Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland, reigning 1387 to 1434.... Elżbieta Pilecka	Kraków Cathedral	Jan Rzeszowski, Archbishop of Lviv	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
Q	Sophia of Halshany Sophia of Halshany Sophia of Halshany , was a Lithuanian princess of Halshany, Queen of Poland from , and the last wife of Jogaila.-Biography:... Zofia Holszańska	Kraków Cathedral	Wojciech Jastrzębiec Wojciech Jastrzebiec Wojciech of Jastrzębiec was a Polish mediaeval politician and religious leader. A bishop of Cracow and Poznań, he also held prominent posts at the court of the king Władysław II of Poland. Initially a chancellor to king Jadwiga of Poland and one of the advisors to the king Władysław, on 26 April... , Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
K	Ladislaus III Władysław III	Kraków Cathedral	Wojciech Jastrzębiec, Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
K	Casimir IV Casimir IV Jagiellon Casimir IV KG of the House of Jagiellon was Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1440, and King of Poland from 1447, until his death.Casimir was the second son of King Władysław II Jagiełło , and the younger brother of Władysław III of Varna.... Kazimierz IV	Kraków Cathedral	Wincenty Kot, Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
Q	Elisabeth of Austria Elisabeth of Austria (d. 1505) Elisabeth of Austria , , was a Polish-Lithuanian queen... Elżbieta Rakuszanka	Kraków Cathedral	Jan Sprowski, Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
K	John I Albert John I Albert of Poland John I Albert was King of Poland and Duke of Głogów .-Life:John was the third son of Casimir IV Jagiellon, King of Poland, and Elisabeth of Austria, daughter of Albert II of Germany. As crown prince, he distinguished himself by his brilliant victory over the Tatars at Kopersztyn... Jan I Olbracht	Kraków Cathedral	Zbigniew Oleśnicki Zbigniew Olesnicki (Primate of Poland) Zbigniew Oleśnicki , nephew of Cardinal Zbigniew Oleśnicki, was a Roman Catholic clergyman and Polish politician. He served as crown deputy chancellor from 1472, bishop of Kuyavia from 1472, and bishop of Gniezno and primate of Poland from 1481.... , Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
K	Alexander Alexander Jagiellon Alexander of the House of Jagiellon was the Grand Duke of Lithuania and later also King of Poland. He was the fourth son of Casimir IV Jagiellon... Aleksander	Kraków Cathedral	Fryderyk Jagiellończyk Fryderyk Jagiellończyk Cardinal Fryderyk Jagiellończyk was a Polish Prince and Duke of Lithuania, Archbishop of Gniezno, Bishop of Kraków, and Primate of Poland. He was the 6th son and 9th child of Casimir IV Jagiellon, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, and his wife Elizabeth Habsburg of Hungary.Frederick... , Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
K	Sigismund I Sigismund I the Old Sigismund I of Poland , of the Jagiellon dynasty, reigned as King of Poland and also as the Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1506 until 1548... Zygmunt I	Kraków Cathedral	Andrzej Boryszewski, Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
Q	Barbara Zápolya Barbara Zápolya Barbara Zápolya was Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania as the first wife of king of Poland Sigismund I the Old....	Kraków Cathedral	Jan Łaski, Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
Q	Bona Sforza Bona Sforza Bona Sforza was a member of the powerful Milanese House of Sforza. In 1518, she became the second wife of Sigismund I the Old, the King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, and became the Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania.She was the third child of Gian Galeazzo Sforza and his wife...	Kraków Cathedral	Jan Łaski, Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
K	Sigismund II Augustus Sigismund II Augustus Sigismund II Augustus I was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, the only son of Sigismund I the Old, whom Sigismund II succeeded in 1548... Zygmunt II August	Kraków Cathedral	Jan Łaski, Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
Q	Elisabeth of Austria Elżbieta Habsubrżanka	Kraków Cathedral	Piotr Gamrat Piotr Gamrat Piotr Gamrat of Sulima arms was Archbishop of Gniezno and Primate of Poland.Gamrat was born in Samoklęski near Jasło, Poland. Early in his career, Gamrat was the royal secretary to Sigismund I the Old. Gamrat was bishop of Kamieniec since 1531, of Przemyśl since 1535, of Kraków since 1538 and... , Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
Q	Barbara Radziwiłłówna	Kraków Cathedral	Mikołaj Dzierzgowski, Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
Q	Catherine of Austria Katarzyna Habsburżanka	Kraków Cathedral	Mikołaj Dzierzgowski, Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
K	Henry Henry III of France Henry III was King of France from 1574 to 1589. As Henry of Valois, he was the first elected monarch of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth with the dual titles of King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1573 to 1575.-Childhood:Henry was born at the Royal Château de Fontainebleau,... Henryk Walezy	Kraków Cathedral	Jakub Uchański Jakub Uchanski Jakub Uchański , of Radwan Coat of Arms, was an archbishop of Gniezno and primate of Poland from 1562 to 1581, interrex from 1572 to 1573 and from 1574 to 1575.... , Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
K	Anna Jagiellon Anna Jagiellon Anna Jagiellon was queen of Poland from 1575 to 1586. She was the daughter of Poland's King Sigismund I the Old, and the wife of Stephen Báthory. She was elected, along with her then fiance, Báthory, as co-ruler in the second election of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth... ka	Kraków Cathedral	Stanisław Karnkowski, Bishop of Kuyavia	Anna Jagiellonka's Crown
K	Stephen Stefan Batory	Kraków Cathedral	Stanisław Karnkowski, Bishop of Kuyavia	So-called Hungarian Crown
K	Sigismund III Sigismund III Vasa Sigismund III Vasa was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, a monarch of the united Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1587 to 1632, and King of Sweden from 1592 until he was deposed in 1599... Zygmunt III Waza	Kraków Cathedral	Stanisław Karnkowski, Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
Q	Anna of Austria Anna Austriaczka	Kraków Cathedral	Stanisław Karnkowski, Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
Q	Constance of Austria Constance of Austria Archduchess Constance of Austria was a Queen consort of Poland.-Biography:... Konstancja Austriaczka	Kraków Cathedral	Piotr Tylicki, Bishop of Kuyavia	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
K	Ladislaus IV Władysław IV Vasa Władysław IV Vasa was a Polish and Swedish prince from the House of Vasa. He reigned as King of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 8 November 1632 to his death in 1648.... Władysław IV	Kraków Cathedral	Jan Wężyk Jan Wezyk Jan Wężyk , of Wąż Coat of Arms, was the bishop of Przemyśl and archbishop of Gniezno, , Primate of Poland and interrex after the death of king Sigismund III Vasa in 1632, before the royal election of Władysław IV Waza.As the interrerx he supported improving the procedures of the royal elections... , Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
Q	Cecilia Renata Cecilia Renata of Austria Archduchess Cecilia Renata of Austria was Queen of Poland as consort to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth's King Władysław IV Vasa.-Biography:... Cecylia Renata	St. John's Church in Warsaw St. John's Cathedral, Warsaw St. John's Archcathedral in Warsaw is a Catholic church in Warsaw's Old Town, is the only one archcathedral in Warszawa, the other 3 are cathedrals in the Polish capital. St. John's stands immediately adjacent to Warsaw's Jesuit church, and is one of the oldest churches in the city and the main...	Jan Wężyk, Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
Q	Marie Louise Gonzaga Ludwika Maria Gonzaga Marie Louise Gonzaga was queen consort to two Polish kings: Władysław IV Vasa, and John II Casimir Vasa... Ludwika Maria Gonzaga	Kraków Cathedral	Maciej Łubieński, Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
K	John II Casimir John II Casimir of Poland John II Casimir was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania during the era of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Duke of Opole in Upper Silesia, and titular King of Sweden 1648–1660. In Poland, he is known and commonly referred as Jan Kazimierz. His parents were Sigismund III Vasa and... Jan II Kazimierz	Kraków Cathedral	Maciej Łubieński, Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
K	Michael Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki	Kraków Cathedral	Mikołaj Prażmowski, Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
Q	Eleonora Maria Josefa Eleonora Maria Josefa of Austria Eleonor Maria Josefa of Austria , was the daughter of Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleanor of Mantua, and was the Queen Consort of Poland-Lithuania, and Duchess of Lorraine.-Biography:Eleonor married Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki,... Eleonora Habsburżanka	St. John's Church in Warsaw	Mikołaj Prażmowski, Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
K	John III John III Sobieski John III Sobieski was one of the most notable monarchs of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, from 1674 until his death King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania. Sobieski's 22-year-reign was marked by a period of the Commonwealth's stabilization, much needed after the turmoil of the Deluge and... Jan III Sobieski	Kraków Cathedral	Andrzej Olszowski, Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
Q	Marie Casimire d'Arquien Marie Casimire Louise de la Grange d'Arquien Marie Casimire Louise de La Grange d'Arquien, in Polish: Maria Kazimiera, known also by the diminutive form "Marysieńka" was consort to King John III Sobieski, from 1674 to 1696.-Biography:... Maria Kazimiera	Kraków Cathedral	Andrzej Olszowski, Archbishop of Gniezno	Hedwig of Kalisz's Crown
K	Augustus II, the Strong Augustus II the Strong Frederick Augustus I or Augustus II the Strong was Elector of Saxony and King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania .... August II Mocny	Kraków Cathedral	Stanisław Dąbski, Bishop of Kuyavia	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
K	Stanislaus I Stanisław Leszczyński	St. John's Church in Warsaw	Konstanty Zieliński, Archbishop of Lviv	Stanislaus I's Crown
Q	Katarzyna Opalińska Katarzyna Opalinska Catherine Opalińska was Queen of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Duchess of Lorraine.-Biography:Catherine was the daughter of magnate Jan Karol Opaliński and his wife Zofia Czarnkowska....	St. John's Church in Warsaw	Konstanty Zieliński, Archbishop of Lviv	Katarzyna Opalińska's Crown
K	Augustus III Augustus III of Poland Augustus III, known as the Saxon ; ; also Prince-elector Friedrich August II was the Elector of Saxony in 1733-1763, as Frederick Augustus II , King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania in 1734-1763.-Biography:Augustus was the only legitimate son of Augustus II the Strong, Imperial Prince-Elector... August III Sas	Kraków Cathedral	Jan Aleksander Lipski, Bishop of Kraków	Augustus III's Crown
Q	Maria Josepha Maria Josepha of Austria Maria Josepha of Austria was born an Archduchess of Austria, and from 1711 to 1713 was heiress presumptive to the Habsburg Empire... Maria Józefa	Kraków Cathedral	Jan Aleksander Lipski, Bishop of Kraków	Maria Josepha's Crown
K	Stanislaus II Augustus Stanisław August Poniatowski	St. John's Church in Warsaw	Władysław Łubieński, Archbishop of Gniezno	So-called Boleslaus the Brave's Crown
K	Nicholas I Nicholas I of Russia Nicholas I , was the Emperor of Russia from 1825 until 1855, known as one of the most reactionary of the Russian monarchs. On the eve of his death, the Russian Empire reached its historical zenith spanning over 20 million square kilometers... Mikołaj I Romanow	Royal Castle in Warsaw Royal Castle, Warsaw The Royal Castle in Warsaw is a castle residency and was the official residence of the Polish monarchs. It is located in the Castle Square, at the entrance to the Warsaw Old Town. The personal offices of the king and the administrative offices of the Royal Court of Poland were located there from...	The king crowned himself, assisted by Jan Paweł Woronicz, Archbishop of Warsaw	Empress Anna Ivanovna's Crown

* "K" indicates a king or queen regnant
Queen regnant
A queen regnant is a female monarch who reigns in her own right, in contrast to a queen consort, who is the wife of a reigning king. An empress regnant is a female monarch who reigns in her own right over an empire....

; "Q" indicates a queen consort
Queen consort
A queen consort is the wife of a reigning king. A queen consort usually shares her husband's rank and holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles. Historically, queens consort do not share the king regnant's political and military powers. Most queens in history were queens consort...

.

Pretenders and royal consorts not crowned

Wenceslaus III of Bohemia
Wenceslaus III of Bohemia
Wenceslaus III Premyslid was the King of Hungary , King of Bohemia and the king of Poland ....

, assassinated before crowning
Wiola of Cieszyn, wife of Wenceslaus III of Bohemia, daughter of Mieszko of Cieszyn, Duke of Cieszyn
Jadwiga of Żagań, wife of Casimir III of Poland
Casimir III of Poland
Casimir III the Great , last King of Poland from the Piast dynasty , was the son of King Władysław I the Elbow-high and Hedwig of Kalisz.-Biography:...

, daughter of Henryk Żelazny, Duke of Żagań
Elizabeth of Bosnia, wife of Louis the Great, daughter of Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia
Helena of Moscow
Helena of Moscow
Helena Ivanovna of Moscow was a Grand Duchess of Lithuania and Queen of Poland as a wife of king of Poland Alexander Jagiellon.-Biography:...

, wife of Alexander Jagiellon
Alexander Jagiellon
Alexander of the House of Jagiellon was the Grand Duke of Lithuania and later also King of Poland. He was the fourth son of Casimir IV Jagiellon...

, daughter of Ivan III, Grand Duke of Moscow, not crowned because of her Orthodox
Eastern Orthodox Church
The Orthodox Church, officially called the Orthodox Catholic Church and commonly referred to as the Eastern Orthodox Church, is the second largest Christian denomination in the world, with an estimated 300 million adherents mainly in the countries of Belarus, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Georgia, Greece,...

faith
Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth was Electress of Saxony from 1694 to 1727 and titular Queen of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1697 to 1727 as the wife of Augustus II the Strong. Not once throughout the whole of her thirty-year queenship did she set foot in Poland, instead...

, wife of August II the Strong
Augustus II the Strong
Frederick Augustus I or Augustus II the Strong was Elector of Saxony and King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania ....

, daughter of Christian Ernst, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
Christian Ernst, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
Christian Ernst of Brandenburg-Bayreuth was a member of the House of Hohenzollern and Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth....

, not crowned because of her Protestant faith

External links

Koronacje królów i królowych polskich Zarys historii regaliów Królestwa Polskiego

The ceremony

List of Polish coronations

Pretenders and royal consorts not crowned

Further reading

External links

See also