Ripacandida
Encyclopedia
Ripacandida is a town and comune
in the province of Potenza
, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata
. It is bounded by the comuni of Atella, Barile
, Filiano
, Forenza
, Ginestra, Rionero in Vulture
.
and spread on top and on the terraces along the slopes of the hill. In the center is implanted ceramic workshops specialized in the production of decorated vases subgeometrica, or complex decorative motifs, including the human figure appears.
A notable jug found in a female burial of the fifth century BC, has a sphere enclosing a lightning bolt on which there is a stylized human figure in mourning, surrounded by seven stars, now in the National Archaeological Museum of Melfi. This scene leads to the philosophical doctrines of Pythagoras, who had started a school at the same time to Metaponto
and which were among his disciples some aristocratic figures of the ancient inland territories of Basilicata.
The ancient village of Ripacandida is organized to scattered groups of inhabited alternating with empty spaces and burials. Of note, always in a female burial, the fermatrecce are very elaborate, consisting of a double wire wrapped in multiple turns and found only a few kits Basilicata inside. Remains of a Roman aqueduct are visible near the broad stream.
, the vast region that stretches south of the river Ofanto
(which forms the natural border of the northern Basilicata
), region of deep-rooted origins history that is called Melfi
. It extends along the slopes of volcanic
of Vulture
and is a large sub-area of Basilicata region
, characterized by the cultivation and production of grapes "Aglianico
, which gives its name to one of the most renowned regional wines and appreciated, theAglianico del Vulture
, precisely. Ripacandida rises from the rock on which you can enjoy the scenery as far as the eye can see, huge and impressive, while walking through the narrow streets of the main street, peering in the direction of the Vulture can be seen in all her radiant beauty, especially in light of the reddish clear summer sunsets, this mountain almost "magic" that dominates the landscape to north
-west
.
The Greek historians (Timaeus Aristotle-Tauromenio-Antiochus from Syracuse) cite as "Enotria" contemporary Basilicata. FromGeographyof Strabo
we learn that "before the arrival of the Greeks on the Ionian coast of Basilicata, and there were Choni Enotri.
The second Enotri Dionysius of Halicarnassus
descended from Enotri, originating from the mythical hero 'Arcadia
who arrived around 1800 BC, subjugated the indigenous plant and viticulture. His successor, Italy
became farmers, pastoralists, instituting the "Syssitia
". Later the region was occupied by Samnites, populations Osco-Samnite from which descend the Luciani
. They descended from the mountains of Sannio and in several waves occupied the peninsula. They practiced "sacred spring": when the population grew a group of young people choose a symbol (Totem) and partly in search of new lands. It was a nation of proud warriors, powerful enough to bind the Roman army for fifty years. Rome suffered the humiliation of defeat at the Forks Caudine ", and then reorganize the army and crush the Sunnis. The Romanization of the region came with the transfer of 20 000 settlers, was born near Venus
, in 291 BC Sunnis are descended from many other ethnic groups: Irpini Caudini
Bruzi etc.. The Luke Society is organized into tribes, each with its own head i "Meddices" who are elected annually. All are expected to participate in community life, everything is divided equally. Federation linked by a bond, in case of war, elect a head of the basileus
". The ancient town of Ripacandida Web site was more important than Serra di Vaglio (Vaglio Basilicata) a few miles from power. The Lucan through rivers: Basento
, Brad
Agri and Sinni traded with the Greek cities (Metaponto
Siris
, Heraclea
). The Sele
and 'Ofanto
allow access to both sides: the Adriatic and Tyrrhenian. Dialect idiom (true linguistic island in the neighborhood) we find the root of many words with the Oscan of Greek origin. Oral tradition says that the city was built by the Romans under the name "Candida Latinorum" (remains of Roman aqueduct). Some scholars believe the name is given by the white color of the hill. The modern town dates from the time of invasions Gothic, when the inhabitants moved from the valley on the hill, and build their houses around the temple dedicated to Jupiter (present castle-Church mother). I Lombard
the fortified walls interspersed with towers. Undergoing the various dominations arrive at the first written sources of the XI-XII sec. The papal bull Eugenius III (1152) decreed the construction of the churches of San Donato
(the only one still exists), San Pietro, San Zaccaria, San Gregorio. Participates in the First Crusade. And is registered in the Catalogue of the Barons with thirteen nobles, headed by the overlord Roger Marescalco to participate in the Third Crusade
to William the Good (1188–1198). A Roberto Ripacandida of Frederick II
in charge of guarding prisoners of Lombardy, the region will be called after Massa Lombarda (now Ginestra). Change number of feudal lords, Caracciolo
Grimaldi of Monaco, Boccapianola Tironi, the last owner is the Duke Mazzacara (1806). A first colony Albanian refugees in 1482 is housed in a suburban area called Canton and later moved to Massa Lombarda. On 5 October 1571 share in the victory Battle of Lepanto
with a large number of citizens including Gianlorenzo Lioy. Between five hundred and seven hundred is home to a study of Theology. In April 1861, sided with the robbers led by Carmine Crocco
, on this occasion there was the first victim: the National Guard captain Michael Anastasia. He also had fierce brigands Turtoro, Di Biase, Larotonda. At the end of '19th century begins the phenomenon of migration: it leaves the earth in search of a decent future. In the U.S., specifically in the state of 'Illinois
, there is a town called Blue Island ripacandidesi are immigrants. In memory of their traditions, celebrate San Donato bishop of Arezzo. The Nobel prize for physics in 1997 was awarded to William Donald Phillips, the son of an immigrant ripacandidese in the U.S. in 1920.
From the 1980s to the early 2000s, German anthropologist Thomas Hauschild (member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and chair in the dpt. for social anthropology at the University at Halle/Saale, Germany) used to document extensively religious and political life in Ripacandida and surroundings. In this, he was supported by many protagonists from the local population, including Michele Ciccarella, Carmela "Quartariegg'" Carlucci Perretta, Vito Gioiosa, Luigi "Ginetto" Gilio, and many others. His findings were edited in the form of numerous articles in scientific journals and in his book "Magie und Macht in Italien" (2002), translated into English by Jeremy Gaines ("Power and Magic in Italy", London and New York, Berghahn publishers, 2011).
In 2009, Thomas Hauschild accompanied the famous art historian Hans Belting (Order Pour le Mérite of Arts and Sciences, Berlin and Dumbarton Oaks Institute, Harvard U.) to Ripacandida. On behalf of the local "Pro Loco" association (Gerardo Cripezzi, Luigi Gilio and others), Hans Belting evaluated the frescoes at the San Donato church at Ripacandida and attested to their extraordinary value as a monument in the history of arts. Following Belting, the frescoes reflect impressively periods of peace and unrest, of earthquake and new economic development in the small Lucanian centre. In this occasion, Hans Belting accepted the regional award "Fede e Arte" from the local UNESCO committee and from the Pro Loco. in a highly acclaimed speech, Hans Belting attested for the many "secrets" still hidden in these frescoes for future research.
On the deep influence of Albanic language on the local dialect see also: http://contrasto.de/lucano.htm and http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialetti_lucani.
Much vocabulary in the local dialects at Ripacandia -and in Northern Lucania in general -is also deduced from the Arabic language, for example "vadone" from "al wadi" for "river stream". See: Bigalke, Rainer: "Dizionario dialettale della basilicata|Con un breve saggio della fonetica, un'introduzione sulla storia dei dialetti lucani e note etimologiche", Muenster, 1980. German linguist Bigalke did his fieldwork in the 1980s allover the Basilicata and shortly also at Ripacandida.
and later.
-east
up area there is the ancient shrine of San Donato by Ripacandida, patron of the town, with its paintings
of 1500 and its millennial history. The adjacent "villa", the churchyard behind the millennial center of pilgrimage, contains meticulously cultivated trees that derive from the 16th century or earlier.
The local feast os Saint Donatus (5th-7th august) is one of the oldest and most beautiful festivals of saints of the Basilicata, showing still remnants of authentic old folk customs.
The shrine, one of the most famous of Basilicata, is affiliated with the church of San Francesco
in Assisi
and received the gift of a relic of the patron saint of Italy.
In December 2010, the sanctuary gets from 'UNESCO
recognition of Monumento a messenger of peace culture to the profound spiritual values that for centuries forward.
Called the Great Forest, perhaps because it was originally more of a big regione.Uno of the few residues of the immense forests that covered the Lucania (for Latin lucus = wood), now much reduced as a result of uncontrolled cuts. Composed of tall trees such as oaks, cedars, etc.. For centuries it has employed, fed and warm during the cold winters of the population Ripacandida and neighboring countries.
The peasants, including women fearless and courageous, they went to the woods to cut and then sell what was called a "body" of wood. Uploaded on mules, was brought to sell in neighboring countries. Refuge and breeding herds, during the so-called "transhumance
", which used the forest as a resting place for their long journeys. Also has a construction called "mansions" and "pile" that is, drinking troughs for animals. During the robbery, was a refuge for the robbers, who used the many caves to avoid capture.
where it makes a fine show.
date back to ancient Egypt
, but probably were the Roman soldiers to spread in Italy, because it was very common in ancient Rome
. The success of the game is because it only requires the use of hands, a game so that you can play everywhere, poor but not simple, requiring skill and intelligence. The player must think in fractions of a second in two ways: to predict the opponent's game and never play the numbers that you expect your opponent. In recent years, associations have been created at national level who seek to take up the slack. Today, the Morra has become a rarely practiced custom.
"I rucilatieggh" were prepared from a dough of flour, oil, water, fennel seeds, eggs, salt and baking powder and then polished with egg yolk. The tradition continues in the bakery who prepare for Tuesday and Friday.
. The bread was baked once placed in the cupboard, which was also used for mixing, 'lu'mpasta'pan'. In every kitchen there was this piece of furniture that was in the form of a box: two doors, two drawers and upper compartment with hinged lid flare. After the fifties, retired skilled tradesmen all the antique furniture in exchange for plastic containers. To the cry of 'mobil'viecch' reaping what to ripacandidesi no longer needed, then restore them and sell them at high prices.
Comune
In Italy, the comune is the basic administrative division, and may be properly approximated in casual speech by the English word township or municipality.-Importance and function:...
in the province of Potenza
Province of Potenza
The Province of Potenza is a province in the Basilicata region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Potenza.-Geography:It has an area of 6,545 km² and a total population of 387,107 . There are 100 comuni in the province .-History:In 272 B.C. the province was conquered by the Greek army...
, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata
Basilicata
Basilicata , also known as Lucania, is a region in the south of Italy, bordering on Campania to the west, Apulia to the north and east, and Calabria to the south, having one short southwestern coastline on the Tyrrhenian Sea between Campania in the northwest and Calabria in the southwest, and a...
. It is bounded by the comuni of Atella, Barile
Barile
Barile is a town and comune in the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. It is bounded by the comuni , of Ginestra, Rapolla, Rionero in Vulture, Ripacandida, Venosa. The town is an ancient Arbëreshë settlement and the population still maintains strong links with that...
, Filiano
Filiano
Filiano is a town and comune in the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. It is bounded by the comuni of Atella, Avigliano, Forenza, Ripacandida, San Fele....
, Forenza
Forenza
Forenza is a town and comune in the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. It is bounded by the comuni of Acerenza, Avigliano, Filiano, Ginestra, Maschito, Palazzo San Gervasio, Pietragalla, Ripacandida....
, Ginestra, Rionero in Vulture
Rionero in Vulture
Rionero in Vulture is a town and comune in the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. It is located on the slopes of Monte Vulture in the northern part of the region of Basilicata.-History:...
.
Archaeology
The study of the necropolis, seventh-fifth century BC shows that the settlement belongs to a cultural center north of Lucania. It is located near a tributary of the broad stream 'OfantoOfanto
The Ofanto, known in ancient times as Aufidus, from the Greek Ophidus, Ωφιδους, meaning snake, is a 170 km river in southern Italy...
and spread on top and on the terraces along the slopes of the hill. In the center is implanted ceramic workshops specialized in the production of decorated vases subgeometrica, or complex decorative motifs, including the human figure appears.
A notable jug found in a female burial of the fifth century BC, has a sphere enclosing a lightning bolt on which there is a stylized human figure in mourning, surrounded by seven stars, now in the National Archaeological Museum of Melfi. This scene leads to the philosophical doctrines of Pythagoras, who had started a school at the same time to Metaponto
Metaponto
Metaponto is a small town of about 1,000 people in the province of Matera, Basilicata, Italy. Administratively it is a frazione of Bernalda.-History:The town is best known for the ruins of the ancient Greek city of Metapontum...
and which were among his disciples some aristocratic figures of the ancient inland territories of Basilicata.
The ancient village of Ripacandida is organized to scattered groups of inhabited alternating with empty spaces and burials. Of note, always in a female burial, the fermatrecce are very elaborate, consisting of a double wire wrapped in multiple turns and found only a few kits Basilicata inside. Remains of a Roman aqueduct are visible near the broad stream.
Geograpy
Ripacandida looks like a neat little town perched on the cliff which dominates the large valleys that surround it, made of whitewashed houses. It stands on one of the many hills in the VultureVulture
Vulture is the name given to two groups of convergently evolved scavenging birds, the New World Vultures including the well-known Californian and Andean Condors, and the Old World Vultures including the birds which are seen scavenging on carcasses of dead animals on African plains...
, the vast region that stretches south of the river Ofanto
Ofanto
The Ofanto, known in ancient times as Aufidus, from the Greek Ophidus, Ωφιδους, meaning snake, is a 170 km river in southern Italy...
(which forms the natural border of the northern Basilicata
Basilicata
Basilicata , also known as Lucania, is a region in the south of Italy, bordering on Campania to the west, Apulia to the north and east, and Calabria to the south, having one short southwestern coastline on the Tyrrhenian Sea between Campania in the northwest and Calabria in the southwest, and a...
), region of deep-rooted origins history that is called Melfi
Melfi
Melfi is a town and comune in the Vulture area of the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata.-Geography:On a hill at the foot of Mount Vulture, Melfi is the most important town in Basilicata's Vulture, both as a tourist resort and economic centre.-Early history:Inhabited...
. It extends along the slopes of volcanic
Volcano
2. Bedrock3. Conduit 4. Base5. Sill6. Dike7. Layers of ash emitted by the volcano8. Flank| 9. Layers of lava emitted by the volcano10. Throat11. Parasitic cone12. Lava flow13. Vent14. Crater15...
of Vulture
Vulture
Vulture is the name given to two groups of convergently evolved scavenging birds, the New World Vultures including the well-known Californian and Andean Condors, and the Old World Vultures including the birds which are seen scavenging on carcasses of dead animals on African plains...
and is a large sub-area of Basilicata region
Basilicata
Basilicata , also known as Lucania, is a region in the south of Italy, bordering on Campania to the west, Apulia to the north and east, and Calabria to the south, having one short southwestern coastline on the Tyrrhenian Sea between Campania in the northwest and Calabria in the southwest, and a...
, characterized by the cultivation and production of grapes "Aglianico
Aglianico
Aglianico is a black grape grown in the Basilicata and Campania regions of Italy. The vine originated in Greece and was brought to the south of Italy by Greek settlers. The name may be a corruption of Vitis hellenica, Latin for "Greek vine"...
, which gives its name to one of the most renowned regional wines and appreciated, theAglianico del Vulture
Aglianico del Vulture
Aglianico del Vulture is an Italian red wine based on the Aglianico grape produced in the Vulture area of Basilicata. It was awarded Denominazione di Origine Controllata status in 1971 and the Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita status in 2011...
, precisely. Ripacandida rises from the rock on which you can enjoy the scenery as far as the eye can see, huge and impressive, while walking through the narrow streets of the main street, peering in the direction of the Vulture can be seen in all her radiant beauty, especially in light of the reddish clear summer sunsets, this mountain almost "magic" that dominates the landscape to north
North
North is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography.North is one of the four cardinal directions or compass points. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west.By convention, the top side of a map is north....
-west
West
West is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography.West is one of the four cardinal directions or compass points. It is the opposite of east and is perpendicular to north and south.By convention, the left side of a map is west....
.
History
The archaeological survey of the years 1977-1980 due to the antiquity of Ripacandida the seventh century BC, but by the end of the nineteenth century historian Lucan Michele Lacava found some caves dating archeolitica and floor mosaics at the foot of Ripacandida.The Greek historians (Timaeus Aristotle-Tauromenio-Antiochus from Syracuse) cite as "Enotria" contemporary Basilicata. FromGeographyof Strabo
Strabo
Strabo, also written Strabon was a Greek historian, geographer and philosopher.-Life:Strabo was born to an affluent family from Amaseia in Pontus , a city which he said was situated the approximate equivalent of 75 km from the Black Sea...
we learn that "before the arrival of the Greeks on the Ionian coast of Basilicata, and there were Choni Enotri.
The second Enotri Dionysius of Halicarnassus
Dionysius of Halicarnassus
Dionysius of Halicarnassus was a Greek historian and teacher of rhetoric, who flourished during the reign of Caesar Augustus. His literary style was Attistic — imitating Classical Attic Greek in its prime.-Life:...
descended from Enotri, originating from the mythical hero 'Arcadia
Arcadia
Arcadia is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the administrative region of Peloponnese. It is situated in the central and eastern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. It takes its name from the mythological character Arcas. In Greek mythology, it was the home of the god Pan...
who arrived around 1800 BC, subjugated the indigenous plant and viticulture. His successor, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
became farmers, pastoralists, instituting the "Syssitia
Syssitia
The syssitia was, in Ancient Greece, a common meal for men and youths in social or religious groups, especially in Crete and Sparta, though also in Megara in the time of Theognis and Corinth in the time of Periander .The banquets spoken of by Homer relate to this tradition...
". Later the region was occupied by Samnites, populations Osco-Samnite from which descend the Luciani
Luciani
Luciani is an Italian surname, and may refer to:* Albino Luciani , Italian Pope of the Roman Catholic Church* Sebastiano Luciani , Italian Renaissance-Mannerist painter...
. They descended from the mountains of Sannio and in several waves occupied the peninsula. They practiced "sacred spring": when the population grew a group of young people choose a symbol (Totem) and partly in search of new lands. It was a nation of proud warriors, powerful enough to bind the Roman army for fifty years. Rome suffered the humiliation of defeat at the Forks Caudine ", and then reorganize the army and crush the Sunnis. The Romanization of the region came with the transfer of 20 000 settlers, was born near Venus
Venosa
Venosa is a town and comune in the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata, in the Vulture area. It is bounded by the comuni of Barile, Ginestra, Lavello, Maschito, Montemilone, Palazzo San Gervasio, Rapolla and Spinazzola....
, in 291 BC Sunnis are descended from many other ethnic groups: Irpini Caudini
Caudini
The Caudini were a Samnite tribe that lived among the mountains ringing Campania and in the valleys of the Isclero and Volturnus rivers. Their capital was at Caudium, but it seems certain that the appellation was not confined to the citizens of Caudium and its immediate territory...
Bruzi etc.. The Luke Society is organized into tribes, each with its own head i "Meddices" who are elected annually. All are expected to participate in community life, everything is divided equally. Federation linked by a bond, in case of war, elect a head of the basileus
Basileus
Basileus is a Greek term and title that has signified various types of monarchs in history. It is perhaps best known in English as a title used by the Byzantine Emperors, but also has a longer history of use for persons of authority and sovereigns in ancient Greece, as well as for the kings of...
". The ancient town of Ripacandida Web site was more important than Serra di Vaglio (Vaglio Basilicata) a few miles from power. The Lucan through rivers: Basento
Basento
The Basento is a river in southern Italy. It rises in the southern Apennine Mountains, west of Potenza. It flows into the Gulf of Taranto, which is part of the Ionian Sea, in Metaponto. The main city on the Basento is Potenza, the capital of Basilicata....
, Brad
Brad
Brad is a masculine given name, that may be a short form of Bradford or Bradley. Brad may refer to:-People:*Brad Borne , American animator*Brad Altman , American producer...
Agri and Sinni traded with the Greek cities (Metaponto
Metaponto
Metaponto is a small town of about 1,000 people in the province of Matera, Basilicata, Italy. Administratively it is a frazione of Bernalda.-History:The town is best known for the ruins of the ancient Greek city of Metapontum...
Siris
Siris
Siris may refer to several different things:Geography*Siris , an ancient city in southern Italy*Siris , an ancient city in Macedonia*Siris , a town and commune in Sardinia...
, Heraclea
Heraclea
-Ancient cities:* Heraclea Cybistra, Konya Province, Turkey* Heracleia by Latmus, near Lake Bafa, Turkey* Heraclea Lucania, Lucanian district of southern Italy...
). The Sele
Sele
Sele may refer to:In places:*Sele, Norway, two villages with this name in Øygarden, Norway*Sele, West Sussex, an English hamlet*Sele Priory, a Benedictine monastery in modern day Upper Beeding, West Sussex...
and 'Ofanto
Ofanto
The Ofanto, known in ancient times as Aufidus, from the Greek Ophidus, Ωφιδους, meaning snake, is a 170 km river in southern Italy...
allow access to both sides: the Adriatic and Tyrrhenian. Dialect idiom (true linguistic island in the neighborhood) we find the root of many words with the Oscan of Greek origin. Oral tradition says that the city was built by the Romans under the name "Candida Latinorum" (remains of Roman aqueduct). Some scholars believe the name is given by the white color of the hill. The modern town dates from the time of invasions Gothic, when the inhabitants moved from the valley on the hill, and build their houses around the temple dedicated to Jupiter (present castle-Church mother). I Lombard
Lombards
The Lombards , also referred to as Longobards, were a Germanic tribe of Scandinavian origin, who from 568 to 774 ruled a Kingdom in Italy...
the fortified walls interspersed with towers. Undergoing the various dominations arrive at the first written sources of the XI-XII sec. The papal bull Eugenius III (1152) decreed the construction of the churches of San Donato
San Donato
San Donato is the Spanish and Italian form of Saint Donatus. It can refer to:*Saint Donatus of Arezzo *Saint Donatus of Fiesole *Dukedom of San Donato, noble titleIt is also a place-name:*San Donato di Lecce*San Donato di Ninea...
(the only one still exists), San Pietro, San Zaccaria, San Gregorio. Participates in the First Crusade. And is registered in the Catalogue of the Barons with thirteen nobles, headed by the overlord Roger Marescalco to participate in the Third Crusade
Third Crusade
The Third Crusade , also known as the Kings' Crusade, was an attempt by European leaders to reconquer the Holy Land from Saladin...
to William the Good (1188–1198). A Roberto Ripacandida of Frederick II
Frederick II
Frederick II may refer to:* Frederick II, Duke of Swabia * Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor , king 1211/12–1250, emperor from 1220* Frederick II of Austria , Duke of Austria 1230–1246* Frederick III of Sicily...
in charge of guarding prisoners of Lombardy, the region will be called after Massa Lombarda (now Ginestra). Change number of feudal lords, Caracciolo
Caracciolo
Caracciolo is the surname of a famous noble family of southern Italy.Its members include:*Battistello Caracciolo, Italian painter*Carmine Nicolao Caracciolo, Spanish viceroy of Peru*Francesco Caracciolo, Neapolitan admiral and revolutionist...
Grimaldi of Monaco, Boccapianola Tironi, the last owner is the Duke Mazzacara (1806). A first colony Albanian refugees in 1482 is housed in a suburban area called Canton and later moved to Massa Lombarda. On 5 October 1571 share in the victory Battle of Lepanto
Battle of Lepanto
The Battle of Lepanto normally refers to the 1571 Holy League victory over the Ottoman fleet. There were also three earlier battles fought in the vicinity of Lepanto:*Battle of Naupactus in 429 BC, an Athenian victory during the Peleoponnesian War...
with a large number of citizens including Gianlorenzo Lioy. Between five hundred and seven hundred is home to a study of Theology. In April 1861, sided with the robbers led by Carmine Crocco
Carmine Crocco
Carmine Crocco, known as Donatello was an Italian brigand. Initially a robber in revenge for the abuses suffered, he fought in the service of Giuseppe Garibaldi and, soon after the Italian unification, he formed an army of two thousand men, leading the most cohesive and feared band in southern...
, on this occasion there was the first victim: the National Guard captain Michael Anastasia. He also had fierce brigands Turtoro, Di Biase, Larotonda. At the end of '19th century begins the phenomenon of migration: it leaves the earth in search of a decent future. In the U.S., specifically in the state of 'Illinois
Illinois
Illinois is the fifth-most populous state of the United States of America, and is often noted for being a microcosm of the entire country. With Chicago in the northeast, small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and northern Illinois, and natural resources like coal,...
, there is a town called Blue Island ripacandidesi are immigrants. In memory of their traditions, celebrate San Donato bishop of Arezzo. The Nobel prize for physics in 1997 was awarded to William Donald Phillips, the son of an immigrant ripacandidese in the U.S. in 1920.
From the 1980s to the early 2000s, German anthropologist Thomas Hauschild (member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and chair in the dpt. for social anthropology at the University at Halle/Saale, Germany) used to document extensively religious and political life in Ripacandida and surroundings. In this, he was supported by many protagonists from the local population, including Michele Ciccarella, Carmela "Quartariegg'" Carlucci Perretta, Vito Gioiosa, Luigi "Ginetto" Gilio, and many others. His findings were edited in the form of numerous articles in scientific journals and in his book "Magie und Macht in Italien" (2002), translated into English by Jeremy Gaines ("Power and Magic in Italy", London and New York, Berghahn publishers, 2011).
In 2009, Thomas Hauschild accompanied the famous art historian Hans Belting (Order Pour le Mérite of Arts and Sciences, Berlin and Dumbarton Oaks Institute, Harvard U.) to Ripacandida. On behalf of the local "Pro Loco" association (Gerardo Cripezzi, Luigi Gilio and others), Hans Belting evaluated the frescoes at the San Donato church at Ripacandida and attested to their extraordinary value as a monument in the history of arts. Following Belting, the frescoes reflect impressively periods of peace and unrest, of earthquake and new economic development in the small Lucanian centre. In this occasion, Hans Belting accepted the regional award "Fede e Arte" from the local UNESCO committee and from the Pro Loco. in a highly acclaimed speech, Hans Belting attested for the many "secrets" still hidden in these frescoes for future research.
Dialect vocabulary of Greek, Arabic and Albanian origin
Greek: Burnt by Braccos: hoarseness; Airale: sieve that is used to cleanse the grain from Aire: I choose; Alerta: stand on Aertao: I exalt; Arrampaggio: Harpagus robbery with violence: robbery; Ammannati Amenenoo by: soon weakens; Arrappato: folds from Raptiva, I patch; Arrociliare: enveloped by Kule: vulgar or deception; Ascimo: unfermented bread; Atta'ne: Tata-father from Atta: pater; Butter: a young peasant from Boter: shepherd Cacone: deep hole by Kao: opening; Calanca: landslide Kala-Ekalaca: drop; Calandra: The lark from Akalantis; Kalavroje: Scaravaggi daKarabos; Calamastra: opener hanging on the iron stove, Karusi: haircut Keiro: I cut ; Kataratta: hatch Kata: downward '; Kotor: capers! by Katara, Centrino: Kitri from yellow cedar; Kiatto: big and fat; Cozzetto: occiput from Kotido; CuCl: cakes to Kuklos: circle, Enchire: empire from Egketo: breathe; Enmo: desert place: from Eremos-desert; Fomiero: manure; Ravine: water that is poured; Engineer: start using; Isc'i: entry mulattirer; Lagana: Lasagna; Langella: pot of water; Maca'ri God! exclamation; Mara me (bad omen); Maruca: snail; Matreia: stepmother; Mattoli: bundle; Menace: throw by Amun: reject, mingling: small; Mollica: the pith of bread Montone: pile; Morra of sheep flock sheep; Musco: humerus of the body; madness: jokes from Pazio: game; Pernecocca: apricot; Lace: ends; Pruna: plum tree; Quatrala: nubile young girl from Korah and girl-girl Talis; Racana: fabric due; Burr; root; Ranfa: claws of animals, Rasco-scratch: scratch; Rosica: nibble; Rummolo: rounded stone; Salma: soma; Scania loaf of bread; Sceppa: rip; Skizo: drop; Silk: sieve; Sfizio: wishful thinking; Scitt: hunting cats; Sterpone: old tree; Strambo: Crank brain Strummolo: top; Tallo: bud; Tann: then; Tarocciola: pulley; Traccheggiare: hold off; Tumpagno: bottom of the barrel; Tupputi Tupputi: to beat door Turso: core of the cabbage; Tuzzolare: knock on the door; Vallone: narrow ditch; Brag: apron: Launch: Opening; Visciole: vesicles; Zimmari: the goat; Zitella: servant; Zito: husband. The Greek words are transcribed in English letters.On the deep influence of Albanic language on the local dialect see also: http://contrasto.de/lucano.htm and http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialetti_lucani.
Much vocabulary in the local dialects at Ripacandia -and in Northern Lucania in general -is also deduced from the Arabic language, for example "vadone" from "al wadi" for "river stream". See: Bigalke, Rainer: "Dizionario dialettale della basilicata|Con un breve saggio della fonetica, un'introduzione sulla storia dei dialetti lucani e note etimologiche", Muenster, 1980. German linguist Bigalke did his fieldwork in the 1980s allover the Basilicata and shortly also at Ripacandida.
Monuments of interest
The old town has buildings dating baronial 1700 and 1800, in addition to the ancient LioyHouse,a palace built during the 1089 (as attested by an inscription inside all 'hall), for objects of the previous era certainly, probably late Roman, and enriched and expanded in BaroqueBaroque
The Baroque is a period and the style that used exaggerated motion and clear, easily interpreted detail to produce drama, tension, exuberance, and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music...
and later.
Religious architecture
- The mother church of Santa Maria del Sepulchre has three naves and has in the tomb chapel of the Sacrament of God's Servant G, B. Rossi. The presbytery is divided by a beautiful inlaid polychrome marble balustrade, the author of which is the same Archpriest Giambattista Rossi, dedicated 'work in an art studio at Naples. In four columns, balustrades are carved four scenes of the Passion of Christ: a heart pierced by seven swords, Our Lady at the Tomb of Christ that emerges from the tomb and the baptismal font. The sacristy houses a "Pietà" by Christian Danone and a "St. Bartholomew" by Gaetano Recco. A lateral bore in perfect continuity, the eighteenth-century Palazzo Ducale. The church was established with a splash of Monsignor Aquaviva, bishop of Melfi, in 1540. In it was established to combine the two ancient parishes of St. Nicholas and St. Bartholomew in a new where before there was a church dedicated to Saint Catherine of Alexandria, known asthe Castle. " The work was completed in 1602 by Abbot Lawrence Leonibus. The exterior facade has a beautiful Renaissance portal that is accessed through an artistic marble staircase and is decorated with three clocks: two mechanics and on the right of the viewer, a sundial. Each watch is placed in a rosette and is the only functioning solar which marks the hours in Roman numerals, from five in the morning at four o'clock in the afternoon. The name was given in memory of the thirteen barons who came in PalestinePalestinePalestine is a conventional name, among others, used to describe the geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River, and various adjoining lands....
in Third CrusadeThird CrusadeThe Third Crusade , also known as the Kings' Crusade, was an attempt by European leaders to reconquer the Holy Land from Saladin...
in William the GoodWilliam II of SicilyWilliam II , called the Good, was king of Sicily from 1166 to 1189. William's character is very indistinct. Lacking in military enterprise, secluded and pleasure-loving, he seldom emerged from his palace life at Palermo. Yet his reign is marked by an ambitious foreign policy and a vigorous diplomacy...
. In the tympanum is carved with the Madonna at the Sepulchre. Is there a link between ancient power and Ripacandida given by the common participation in the crusades, the return of which was provided in both places the construction of churches dedicated to Santa Maria del Sepulchre. Documents by the end of the fifteenth century is a historical link between Santa Maria del Sepulchre and the Tomb of Christ. Both invite us to contemplate the mystery of the Passion of Christ which is associated with Our Lady of Sorrows.
- The St. Joseph Church,thatis flanked by the nuns of the monastery of cloistered nuns founded in 1735 to John and GB Rossi. The church (1173) presents a facade of terracotta bricks, a baroque portal, within altar, the great altarpiece of the Madonna and Child with Saints Teresa and Joseph a follower of Francesco SolimenaFrancesco SolimenaFrancesco Solimena was a prolific Italian painter of the Baroque era, one of an established family of painters and draughtsmen.-Biography:Francesco Solimena was born in Canale di Serino, near Avellino....
, and the tomb of John Rossi. Inside, the nave, is decorated with elegant baroque motifs. In the sacristy is the tomb of the mystic Sister Maria Araneo, grandson of the Rossi and prioress of the monastery. His whole body, at a distance of 190 years after his death, was found following the work of the earthquake 1980. In 1750 Sant 'Alfonso Maria de'Liguori returning from a mission at the Melfi plant, met the monastery and was amazed by the religiosity of Sister Mary. A year later, in 1751, this church was the miracle of St. Gerard Majella (the lattice of the miracle is preserved at MaterdominiMaterdominiMaterdomini, a Latin word meaning Mother of God, may refer to 2 Italian hamlets located in Campania region:*Materdomini, in the municipality of Caposele *Materdomini, in the municipality of Nocera Superiore...
).
- The church of AnthonyAnthonyAnthony, commonly shortened to Tony, may refer to:-Ancient and medieval Christianity:* St. Anthony the Great, of Egypt, 4th century founder of Christian monasticism* St. Anthony the Hermit , 5th century hermit of Italy and Gaul...
, the ancient parish of San Bartolomeo (ancient patron of Ripacandida), difficult to date, perhaps built on the ruins of a tower Lombard. Severely damaged by the earthquake of 1980.
- The church of Santa Maria del Carmine is located near the entrance of the old cemetery (now a public garden) is presumed to have been built before the earthquake of 1694. Reconstructed with this title archpriest Baffari (uncle of the Blessed GB Rossi), however, clear from the baronial family coat of arms placed on the entrance door. It presents a unique decoration, made in the first half of the eighteenth century. Recent renovations have restored to its original splendor frescoes depicting the Holy Trinity, Our Lady of Mount Caramel and rosettes with the Saints, and Bishop Donald Donato (San Donato by Ripacandida). At the side of the seventeenth-century sculpture of the Madonna del Carmine
San Donato Sanctuary
At the entrance from the northNorth
North is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography.North is one of the four cardinal directions or compass points. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west.By convention, the top side of a map is north....
-east
East
East is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography.East is one of the four cardinal directions or compass points. It is the opposite of west and is perpendicular to north and south.By convention, the right side of a map is east....
up area there is the ancient shrine of San Donato by Ripacandida, patron of the town, with its paintings
Fresco
Fresco is any of several related mural painting types, executed on plaster on walls or ceilings. The word fresco comes from the Greek word affresca which derives from the Latin word for "fresh". Frescoes first developed in the ancient world and continued to be popular through the Renaissance...
of 1500 and its millennial history. The adjacent "villa", the churchyard behind the millennial center of pilgrimage, contains meticulously cultivated trees that derive from the 16th century or earlier.
The local feast os Saint Donatus (5th-7th august) is one of the oldest and most beautiful festivals of saints of the Basilicata, showing still remnants of authentic old folk customs.
The shrine, one of the most famous of Basilicata, is affiliated with the church of San Francesco
Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi
The Papal Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi is the mother church of the Roman Catholic Order of Friars Minor—commonly known as the Franciscan Order—in Assisi, Italy, the city where St. Francis was born and died. The basilica is one of the most important places of Christian pilgrimage in Italy...
in Assisi
Assisi
- Churches :* The Basilica of San Francesco d'Assisi is a World Heritage Site. The Franciscan monastery, il Sacro Convento, and the lower and upper church of St Francis were begun immediately after his canonization in 1228, and completed in 1253...
and received the gift of a relic of the patron saint of Italy.
In December 2010, the sanctuary gets from 'UNESCO
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations...
recognition of Monumento a messenger of peace culture to the profound spiritual values that for centuries forward.
The Forest
One of the natural beauty of the wood is Ripacandida, though little appreciated.Called the Great Forest, perhaps because it was originally more of a big regione.Uno of the few residues of the immense forests that covered the Lucania (for Latin lucus = wood), now much reduced as a result of uncontrolled cuts. Composed of tall trees such as oaks, cedars, etc.. For centuries it has employed, fed and warm during the cold winters of the population Ripacandida and neighboring countries.
The peasants, including women fearless and courageous, they went to the woods to cut and then sell what was called a "body" of wood. Uploaded on mules, was brought to sell in neighboring countries. Refuge and breeding herds, during the so-called "transhumance
Transhumance
Transhumance is the seasonal movement of people with their livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures. In montane regions it implies movement between higher pastures in summer and to lower valleys in winter. Herders have a permanent home, typically in valleys. Only the herds travel, with...
", which used the forest as a resting place for their long journeys. Also has a construction called "mansions" and "pile" that is, drinking troughs for animals. During the robbery, was a refuge for the robbers, who used the many caves to avoid capture.
La Pineta
The pine forest was planted in the late fifties to the base and on the slopes of the hill on which stands Ripacandida. On fire repeatedly over the years, resistant in some areas, where she grew lush and precisely to the base and side Rionero. Since 2006, (i.e. since the Fonti del Vulture were bought by a famous multinational company), we see in the spot of 'Water LilyWater lily
The phrase "water lily" is used to describe aquatic plants of the following families, which have lily pads:* Nymphaeaceae* Nelumbonaceae , also called "lotus"Water lily may also refer to:...
where it makes a fine show.
The game of Morra
One of the favorite pastimes ripacandidesi, especially by men, was the game of Morra. During the long winter evenings but also to distract them from the drudgery of the fields two or more people are delighted to "guess the sum of the fingers shown in the game for two players." The winner was a good shot of "Aglianico". The first news of the game of MorrisMorris
-People:* Morris , a common family name * Morris , Belgian cartoonist, creator of Lucky Luke* Morris, one of the 14 Tribes of Galway, Ireland-Places:In Canada*Morris, Manitoba...
date back to ancient Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
, but probably were the Roman soldiers to spread in Italy, because it was very common in ancient Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
. The success of the game is because it only requires the use of hands, a game so that you can play everywhere, poor but not simple, requiring skill and intelligence. The player must think in fractions of a second in two ways: to predict the opponent's game and never play the numbers that you expect your opponent. In recent years, associations have been created at national level who seek to take up the slack. Today, the Morra has become a rarely practiced custom.
Easter Bread
The characteristic shape braided bread traditionally prepared for the Passover is called "rucilatieggh". Do not know the origin of the custom of the Easter bread, unique among other things, because neighboring countries does not exist. Prepared by the good housewife, was then baked in the houses, each house had its oven."I rucilatieggh" were prepared from a dough of flour, oil, water, fennel seeds, eggs, salt and baking powder and then polished with egg yolk. The tradition continues in the bakery who prepare for Tuesday and Friday.
The cupboard
Traditionally every house had Ripacandida the oven for baking bread, which had a high form of bread similar to matterMatter
Matter is a general term for the substance of which all physical objects consist. Typically, matter includes atoms and other particles which have mass. A common way of defining matter is as anything that has mass and occupies volume...
. The bread was baked once placed in the cupboard, which was also used for mixing, 'lu'mpasta'pan'. In every kitchen there was this piece of furniture that was in the form of a box: two doors, two drawers and upper compartment with hinged lid flare. After the fifties, retired skilled tradesmen all the antique furniture in exchange for plastic containers. To the cry of 'mobil'viecch' reaping what to ripacandidesi no longer needed, then restore them and sell them at high prices.
People from Ripacandida
- San Mariano (LucasLucasLucas is the Latin form of the Greek name Loukas , and it's a common name in many modern languages.Lucas may refer to several things.-Real:*Lucas Barrios, Paraguayan footballer currently playing for Borussia Dortmund...
Century III - GrumentumGrumentumGrumentum was an ancient town in the centre of Lucania, in what is now the comune of Grumento Nova, c. 50 km south of Potenza by the direct road through Anxia, and 80 km by the Via Herculia, at the point of divergence of a road eastward to Heraclea.-History:The first settlements, of the...
303), deacon and martyrMartyrA martyr is somebody who suffers persecution and death for refusing to renounce, or accept, a belief or cause, usually religious.-Meaning:...
of the Catholic Church. - San Laviero (LucasLucasLucas is the Latin form of the Greek name Loukas , and it's a common name in many modern languages.Lucas may refer to several things.-Real:*Lucas Barrios, Paraguayan footballer currently playing for Borussia Dortmund...
Century III - GrumentumGrumentumGrumentum was an ancient town in the centre of Lucania, in what is now the comune of Grumento Nova, c. 50 km south of Potenza by the direct road through Anxia, and 80 km by the Via Herculia, at the point of divergence of a road eastward to Heraclea.-History:The first settlements, of the...
27 November 312), martyr of the Catholic Church. - San Donatello also known as San Donato by Ripacandida (1179–1198), Monaco of MontevergineMonteverginethumb|250px|The Sanctuary of Montevergine.The Montevergine, also known as Partenio or Monti di Avella, is a limestone massif in Campania, central Italy, part of the Apennine chain. It is located near Avellino, in the comune of Mercogliano...
. - Antonio Calandra (1541–1661), all physical doctor University of Rome and ParisUniversity of ParisThe University of Paris was a university located in Paris, France and one of the earliest to be established in Europe. It was founded in the mid 12th century, and officially recognized as a university probably between 1160 and 1250...
. - Gerardo MartinoGerardo MartinoGerardo Daniel Martino , nicknamed Tata, is an Argentine former football midfielder and current a manager.Martino played mostly for Newell's Old Boys in his native Rosario. He holds the record of appearances with the team playing a total of 505 matches in all official competitions...
(1962), former footballer and football coach. - Andrea Molfese (1573–1620) theologian Theatine author of "Summa Theologica" and "Commentary on the Neapolitan traditions."
- Giambattista Baffari (1636–1702) Dean author of "The Hunt comedy" edited by prof. Mario PieriMario PieriMario Pieri was an Italian mathematician who is known for his work on foundations of geometry.Pieri was born in Lucca, Italy, the son of Pellegrino Pieri and Ermina Luporini. Pellegrino was a lawyer. Pieri began his higher education at University of Bologna where he drew the attention of Salvatore...
-Institute of Modern Philology at Pisa University. - Maria Teresa Araneo also known as Sister Mary of Jesus' (1725–1803), servant of GodServant of GodServant of God is a title given to individuals by various religions, but in general the phrase is used to describe a person believed to be pious in his or her faith tradition. In the Catholic Church, it designates someone who is being investigated by the Church for possibly being recognized as a...
, Prioress of the Carmelite monastery Ripacandida. - Luigi Guglielmucci (?), Poet, author of the jurist "Garden Of Love."
- Giambattista Rossi (1690–1746), theologian and venerableVenerableThe Venerable is used as a style or epithet in several Christian churches. It is also the common English-language translation of a number of Buddhist titles.-Roman Catholic:...
of the Catholic Church. - Leopoldo Chiari (1790–1849), obstetric surgeon precursor of modern medicine said "Prince of Surgery" to 'University of Naples.
- Nino Chiari (1924–1959), poet fourth prize in the Competition III poetic "The Literature", the author of "Around the Mountain", ed. Pellegrini, 1956.
- Carlo Bisaccia (1925–2006), historical writer and author of the book The Story of Ripacandida
- William PhillipsWilliam PhillipsWilliam Phillips may refer to:*William Phillips , artilleryman and general officer in the British Army who served as a major-general in the American Revolutionary War...
(1948), physicist, Nobel Prize for physics in 1997.
Events
Festivities in honor of saints:- 29/30 April party in honor of San Mariano
- 7 September party in honor of Our Lady of Mount Caramel
- 6 August/6/7 August party in honor of San Donato (Patron of Ripacandida)
- 16 August party in honor of San Rocco
- 17 August party in honor of San Donatello