Barile
Encyclopedia
Barile is a town and comune
in the province of Potenza
, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata
. It is bounded by the comuni (Municipalities
), of Ginestra
, Rapolla
, Rionero in Vulture
, Ripacandida
, Venosa
. The town is an ancient Arbëreshë
settlement and the population still maintains strong links with that culture nowadays. "Barile" means "barrel" in Italian.
The people of Barile speak Italian
and Arbëresh
, a dialect of Albanian
. The locals managed to preserve Albanian language and culture over the centuries, as the village was founded by groups of Greek and Albanian immigrants. The first flow of immigrants is considered to have settled in the area in 1447.
The house existed at the time of Barile Robert d'AnjouEarly fourteenth century, as evidenced by a document 1332 speaking of the two houses of Barile and Rionero in Vulture. The Bishop of Rapolla People decided to barrel from strangers to the kingdom, as having the privilege of tax exemption of taxes for a decade. The house grew from the fourteenth to the seventeenth century as a result of migration of four colonies of Greek
s and Albanian
s, who brought with them their customs and religious worship, building churches where they settled. The first Greek colony-Albanian, called the "Schipetari" arrived in the area probably 1477 and was dubbed by the local population or colony of Clef thieves.
The second colony, called the "Coroneo" because they come from Koroni, Greece around 1534 Because their home town was abandoned after a plague. The second wave of refugees settled on the same hill range from "Schipetari. The third arrived in the colony 1597 and was composed of approximately thirty families from Coroneo Melfi, Who settled a barrel after several Augustales hostilities with the population, while the fourth and final settlement came about in 1675, That of "Mainotti", so called because they come from Laconia and Maina, the ancient Leuctra. They were also called "shirt" because they wore the black shirt.
In 1861 the country became an integral part of brigandage Lucan, Having as leading figures Michael Volonnino, Corporal Theodore and Michael Barbaro, Men loyal to Carmine Crocco who opposed the government of Savoy Vittorio Emanuele II that was recently installed. On July 23, 1930, Barrel (like the whole area of Vulture
), was damaged by a strong earthquake
(1930 Irpinia earthquake
), which hit the provinces of Avellino and Power. In 1964, Pier Paolo Pasolini shot a few scenes from the film The Gospel
according to Matthew Barile, selecting a few extras from the local population.
Chiesa della Madonna di Costantinopoli (English: The church of Our Lady of Constantinople) (protector of barrels) was probably built in the middle of the XXVII century. According to tradition, Our Lady pointed to a farmer while digging the place where he dreamed he would find his image painted on the tuff. The building has a mural of the Madonna in Byzantine style of the fourteenth century. The protector of the city is also dedicated to the Mother Church, where there is instead a Byzantine painting of the fifteenth century, representing the Madonna of Constantinople and a painting of the seventeenth century, depicting the Virgin Mary pierced by seven stilettos.
Chiesa di Sant'Attanasio e San Rocco
Chiesa di Sant'Attanasio e San Rocco (English: Church of St. Athanasius and St. RoccoThe church of St. Athanasius and St. Rocco) was probably built in 1640, as follows from the above picture him at a time once more. It was built under the supervision of Mr. Daniel Raphael, the oldest of the Brotherhood. The earthquakes of 1931 and 1980 seek further damage to the structure, restored several times. Inside the church has four paintings of the 1640 Neapolitan school. A canvas of the Neapolitan school, depicting the Madonna del Carmine, built at the end of 700 is preserved in the church of the Carmelite convent of Santa Maria del Carmine.
Chiesa di San Nicola
Chiesa di San Nicola (English: Church of St. Nicholas) In the church holds a canvas, depicting the Annunciation, of 1464 and another painting by Girolamo Bresciano of 600. In the town square is the fountain of the fence, built in 1713 and depicting three figures with heads apotropaic that, according to etymology, should keep away from the magic fountain and malignant influences. At the top is visible when a coat of arms is carved the Madonna with Child of Constantinople.
Sesh
The "Sesh"In the peripheral part is the area called Sesha (which means square in the ancient language arbereshe), consisting of caves dug in the rock created by the first Albanian immigrants, nowadays used to store wine Aglianico. The cellars of the Sesha are visible in the film by Pier Paolo Pasolini, The Gospel according to Matthew (1964), since the director decided to shoot some exteriors of the film to Barile. In August, takes place between these cellars a cultural event by the name "Cellar Wine & Art", in which the most varied forms of art such as music, painting, cinema, sculpture meet with 'Aglianico and other typical products the area.
Comune
In Italy, the comune is the basic administrative division, and may be properly approximated in casual speech by the English word township or municipality.-Importance and function:...
in the province of Potenza
Province of Potenza
The Province of Potenza is a province in the Basilicata region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Potenza.-Geography:It has an area of 6,545 km² and a total population of 387,107 . There are 100 comuni in the province .-History:In 272 B.C. the province was conquered by the Greek army...
, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata
Basilicata
Basilicata , also known as Lucania, is a region in the south of Italy, bordering on Campania to the west, Apulia to the north and east, and Calabria to the south, having one short southwestern coastline on the Tyrrhenian Sea between Campania in the northwest and Calabria in the southwest, and a...
. It is bounded by the comuni (Municipalities
Municipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...
), of Ginestra
Ginestra
Ginestra / Zhura is a town and comune in the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. It is bounded by the comuni , of Barile, Forenza, Maschito, Ripacandida, Venosa....
, Rapolla
Rapolla
Rapolla is a town and comune in the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. It is bounded by the comuni of Barile, Lavello, Melfi, Rionero in Vulture, Venosa.-Main sights:...
, Rionero in Vulture
Rionero in Vulture
Rionero in Vulture is a town and comune in the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. It is located on the slopes of Monte Vulture in the northern part of the region of Basilicata.-History:...
, Ripacandida
Ripacandida
Ripacandida is a town and comune in the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. It is bounded by the comuni of Atella, Barile, Filiano, Forenza, Ginestra, Rionero in Vulture.-Archaeology:...
, Venosa
Venosa
Venosa is a town and comune in the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata, in the Vulture area. It is bounded by the comuni of Barile, Ginestra, Lavello, Maschito, Montemilone, Palazzo San Gervasio, Rapolla and Spinazzola....
. The town is an ancient Arbëreshë
Arbëreshë
The Arbëreshë are a linguistic and ethnic Albanian minority community living in southern Italy, especially the regions of Apulia, Basilicata, Molise, Calabria and Sicily...
settlement and the population still maintains strong links with that culture nowadays. "Barile" means "barrel" in Italian.
The people of Barile speak Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
and Arbëresh
Arbëresh language
Arbëreshë, also known as Arbërisht, is an ethnolect spoken by the Arbëreshë, the group of Albanian-speaking minorities in Italy.-Classification:...
, a dialect of Albanian
Albanian language
Albanian is an Indo-European language spoken by approximately 7.6 million people, primarily in Albania and Kosovo but also in other areas of the Balkans in which there is an Albanian population, including western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, southern Serbia and northwestern Greece...
. The locals managed to preserve Albanian language and culture over the centuries, as the village was founded by groups of Greek and Albanian immigrants. The first flow of immigrants is considered to have settled in the area in 1447.
History
We do not know the exact origin of the name of the town. Some believe it comes from Barrale or Barelium, A term indicating the duties on Crude. Others believe it is the wooden barrels, used to preserve the famous wine grown in the area (Aglianico del Vulture). But in some old maps barile has been seen written with a double (r) Barrile. As evidence of this is its emblem, which shows a barrel between two fir trees and a bunch of grapes. The area was populated in ancient times Barrel by a colony of Greeks, but later abandoned the place.The house existed at the time of Barile Robert d'AnjouEarly fourteenth century, as evidenced by a document 1332 speaking of the two houses of Barile and Rionero in Vulture. The Bishop of Rapolla People decided to barrel from strangers to the kingdom, as having the privilege of tax exemption of taxes for a decade. The house grew from the fourteenth to the seventeenth century as a result of migration of four colonies of Greek
Greeks
The Greeks, also known as the Hellenes , are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighboring regions. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world....
s and Albanian
Albanians
Albanians are a nation and ethnic group native to Albania and neighbouring countries. They speak the Albanian language. More than half of all Albanians live in Albania and Kosovo...
s, who brought with them their customs and religious worship, building churches where they settled. The first Greek colony-Albanian, called the "Schipetari" arrived in the area probably 1477 and was dubbed by the local population or colony of Clef thieves.
The second colony, called the "Coroneo" because they come from Koroni, Greece around 1534 Because their home town was abandoned after a plague. The second wave of refugees settled on the same hill range from "Schipetari. The third arrived in the colony 1597 and was composed of approximately thirty families from Coroneo Melfi, Who settled a barrel after several Augustales hostilities with the population, while the fourth and final settlement came about in 1675, That of "Mainotti", so called because they come from Laconia and Maina, the ancient Leuctra. They were also called "shirt" because they wore the black shirt.
In 1861 the country became an integral part of brigandage Lucan, Having as leading figures Michael Volonnino, Corporal Theodore and Michael Barbaro, Men loyal to Carmine Crocco who opposed the government of Savoy Vittorio Emanuele II that was recently installed. On July 23, 1930, Barrel (like the whole area of Vulture
Vulture area
The Vulture is a geographical and historical subregion of Italy that lies in the Province of Potenza, Basilicata region.-Overview:...
), was damaged by a strong earthquake
Earthquake
An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. The seismicity, seismism or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time...
(1930 Irpinia earthquake
1930 Irpinia earthquake
The 1930 Irpinia earthquake occurred at 00:08 UTC on 23 July 1930. It had a magnitude of 6.6 and caused 1,404 deaths. The epicenter was close to the borders between the regions of Basilicata, Puglia and Campania.-Tectonic setting:...
), which hit the provinces of Avellino and Power. In 1964, Pier Paolo Pasolini shot a few scenes from the film The Gospel
The Gospel
The Gospel is a 2005 film directed and written by Rob Hardy. It was released in the United States on October 7, 2005. The film retells the Parable of the Prodigal Son in a modern context.-Plot:...
according to Matthew Barile, selecting a few extras from the local population.
Churches
Chiesa della Madonna di CostantinopoliChiesa della Madonna di Costantinopoli (English: The church of Our Lady of Constantinople) (protector of barrels) was probably built in the middle of the XXVII century. According to tradition, Our Lady pointed to a farmer while digging the place where he dreamed he would find his image painted on the tuff. The building has a mural of the Madonna in Byzantine style of the fourteenth century. The protector of the city is also dedicated to the Mother Church, where there is instead a Byzantine painting of the fifteenth century, representing the Madonna of Constantinople and a painting of the seventeenth century, depicting the Virgin Mary pierced by seven stilettos.
Chiesa di Sant'Attanasio e San Rocco
Chiesa di Sant'Attanasio e San Rocco (English: Church of St. Athanasius and St. RoccoThe church of St. Athanasius and St. Rocco) was probably built in 1640, as follows from the above picture him at a time once more. It was built under the supervision of Mr. Daniel Raphael, the oldest of the Brotherhood. The earthquakes of 1931 and 1980 seek further damage to the structure, restored several times. Inside the church has four paintings of the 1640 Neapolitan school. A canvas of the Neapolitan school, depicting the Madonna del Carmine, built at the end of 700 is preserved in the church of the Carmelite convent of Santa Maria del Carmine.
Chiesa di San Nicola
Chiesa di San Nicola (English: Church of St. Nicholas) In the church holds a canvas, depicting the Annunciation, of 1464 and another painting by Girolamo Bresciano of 600. In the town square is the fountain of the fence, built in 1713 and depicting three figures with heads apotropaic that, according to etymology, should keep away from the magic fountain and malignant influences. At the top is visible when a coat of arms is carved the Madonna with Child of Constantinople.
Sesh
The "Sesh"In the peripheral part is the area called Sesha (which means square in the ancient language arbereshe), consisting of caves dug in the rock created by the first Albanian immigrants, nowadays used to store wine Aglianico. The cellars of the Sesha are visible in the film by Pier Paolo Pasolini, The Gospel according to Matthew (1964), since the director decided to shoot some exteriors of the film to Barile. In August, takes place between these cellars a cultural event by the name "Cellar Wine & Art", in which the most varied forms of art such as music, painting, cinema, sculpture meet with 'Aglianico and other typical products the area.