Minuscule 459
Encyclopedia
Minuscule 459 α 104 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek
minuscule manuscript
of the New Testament
, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon
to the year 1092.
Formerly it was labeled by 89a and 99p.
, Catholic epistles, Pauline epistles
, and Book of Revelation
on 276 parchment leaves . The text is written in one column per page, in 27 lines per page.
It contains Prolegomena, tables of the (tables of contents) before each book, numbers of the (chapters) at the margin, the (titles) at the top, lectionary markings at the margin, subscriptions at the end of each book, στιχοι
, and treatise of Pseudo-Dorotheus
on the Seventy disciples
and twelve apostles (as codices 82
, 93
, 177
, 613
, 617
).
The order of books: Acts, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles. The ending of the Epistle to the Romans
has the order of verses: 16:23; 16:25-27; 16:24 (as in codices 025
33
104
256
263
365
436
1319 1573 1852 Peshitta
arm).
elsewhere. Aland
placed it in Category III in the Pauline epistles and in Category V elsewhere.
, Scholz, Biscioni, and C. R. Gregory (1886). It was slightly collated by Scholz.
Formerly it was labeled by 89a and 99p. In 1908 Gregory gave the number 459 to it.
It is currently housed at the Laurentian Library
(Plutei IV. 32) in Florence
.
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
minuscule manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
, on parchment. It is dated by a colophon
Colophon (publishing)
In publishing, a colophon is either:* A brief description of publication or production notes relevant to the edition, in modern books usually located at the reverse of the title page, but can also sometimes be located at the end of the book, or...
to the year 1092.
Formerly it was labeled by 89a and 99p.
Description
The codex contains the text of the Acts of the ApostlesActs of the Apostles
The Acts of the Apostles , usually referred to simply as Acts, is the fifth book of the New Testament; Acts outlines the history of the Apostolic Age...
, Catholic epistles, Pauline epistles
Pauline epistles
The Pauline epistles, Epistles of Paul, or Letters of Paul, are the thirteen New Testament books which have the name Paul as the first word, hence claiming authorship by Paul the Apostle. Among these letters are some of the earliest extant Christian documents...
, and Book of Revelation
Book of Revelation
The Book of Revelation is the final book of the New Testament. The title came into usage from the first word of the book in Koine Greek: apokalupsis, meaning "unveiling" or "revelation"...
on 276 parchment leaves . The text is written in one column per page, in 27 lines per page.
It contains Prolegomena, tables of the (tables of contents) before each book, numbers of the (chapters) at the margin, the (titles) at the top, lectionary markings at the margin, subscriptions at the end of each book, στιχοι
Stichometry
Stichometry is a term applied to the measurement of ancient texts by στίχοι or verses of a fixed standard length.It was the custom of the Greeks and Romans to estimate the length of their literary works by measured lines...
, and treatise of Pseudo-Dorotheus
Dorotheus of Tyre
Saint Dorotheus bishop of Tyre is traditionally credited with an Acts of the Seventy Apostles , who were sent out according to the Gospel of Luke 10:1....
on the Seventy disciples
Seventy Disciples
The seventy disciples or seventy-two disciples were early followers of Jesus mentioned in the Gospel of Luke . According to Luke, the only gospel in which they appear, Jesus appointed them and sent them out in pairs on a specific mission which is detailed in the text...
and twelve apostles (as codices 82
Minuscule 82
Minuscule 82 , O1 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 10th century. Formerly it was labelled by 10a, 12p, and 2r...
, 93
Minuscule 93
Minuscule 93 , α 51 , formerly known as Codex Graevii, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves...
, 177
Minuscule 177
Minuscule 177 , α 106 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. Formerly it was labelled by 179a, 128p, and 82r...
, 613
Minuscule 613
Minuscule 613 , α 298 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. The manuscript is lacunose...
, 617
Minuscule 617
Minuscule 617 , O 13 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century. The manuscript is lacunose...
).
The order of books: Acts, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles. The ending of the Epistle to the Romans
Epistle to the Romans
The Epistle of Paul to the Romans, often shortened to Romans, is the sixth book in the New Testament. Biblical scholars agree that it was composed by the Apostle Paul to explain that Salvation is offered through the Gospel of Jesus Christ...
has the order of verses: 16:23; 16:25-27; 16:24 (as in codices 025
Codex Porphyrianus
Codex Porphyrianus designated by Papr or 025 , α 3 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Acts of Apostles, Pauline epistles, and General epistles, with some lacunae, dated paleographically to the 9th century. It is one of a few uncial manuscripts that include the Book of Revelation.It was...
33
Minuscule 33
Minuscule 33 , δ 48 , formerly it was called Codex Colbertinus 2844, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia...
104
Minuscule 104
Minuscule 104 , α 103 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 12th century.Formerly it was labelled by 25a, 31p, and 7r....
256
Minuscule 256
Minuscule 256 , α216 , is a Greek-Armenian minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 11th century.It was adapted for liturgical use....
263
Minuscule 263
Minuscule 263 , δ 372 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. It has marginalia.- Description :...
365
Minuscule 365
Minuscule 365 , δ 367 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament with some parts of the Old Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 12th century.It has marginalia....
436
Minuscule 436
Minuscule 436 , α 172 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment...
1319 1573 1852 Peshitta
Peshitta
The Peshitta is the standard version of the Bible for churches in the Syriac tradition.The Old Testament of the Peshitta was translated into Syriac from the Hebrew, probably in the 2nd century AD...
arm).
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a mixed in the Pauline epistles nad the Byzantine text-typeByzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
elsewhere. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category III in the Pauline epistles and in Category V elsewhere.
History
The manuscript was examined by BirchAndrew Birch
Andrew Birch was a professor from Copenhagen. Birch was sent in 1781–1783 by the king of Denmark, Christian VII, to examine manuscripts in Italy, Germany, and other European countries.- Life :...
, Scholz, Biscioni, and C. R. Gregory (1886). It was slightly collated by Scholz.
Formerly it was labeled by 89a and 99p. In 1908 Gregory gave the number 459 to it.
It is currently housed at the Laurentian Library
Laurentian Library
The Laurentian Library is a historical library in Florence, Italy, containing a repository of more than 11,000 manuscripts and 4,500 early printed books...
(Plutei IV. 32) in Florence
Florence
Florence is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany and of the province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with approximately 370,000 inhabitants, expanding to over 1.5 million in the metropolitan area....
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscriptBiblical manuscriptA biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- Biscioni, Bibliothecae Mediceo-Laurentianae catalogus, Florence 1752, vol. 2, 73.