List of Vice Presidents of Indonesia
Encyclopedia
This is a list of Vice Presidents of Indonesia. The Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia
is the second most powerful person in the Republic of Indonesia and first in the line of succession.
The vice presidency was established during the formulation of the 1945 constitution by the Badan Penyelidik Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (BPUPKI), a research body for the preparation of Indonesian independence. On 18 August 1945, the Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (PPKI), which was created on 7 August to replace BPUPKI, selected Sukarno
as the country's first president and Mohammad Hatta
as vice president.
Sukarno
had moved the country increasingly toward autocracy
and authoritarianism
. Hatta, a proponent of democracy
, advised President Sukarno not to take that path, but his recommendations were ignored. He decided to resign, as he believed he could not work with the president. President Sukarno did not name Hatta's successor as Vice President. In December 1965, there were calls for a Vice President to be named to assist Sukarno with the fallout of the 30 September Movement
and General Suharto's attempts to take over the government. It was not until the New Order
regime of President Suharto that the Vice President post became filled again. Vice President Hamengkubuwono IX rejected his nomination for Vice President by the People's Consultative Assembly
in March 1978, due to poor health. President Suharto believed that Hamengkubuwono IX had betrayed him by not seeking reelection. Following the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis, there were calls for Suharto's resignation as President. In May 1998, he lost support from many of his allies, including Wiranto
and Ginandjar Kartasasmita
. On 21 May, Suharto formally announced his resignation from office. Habibie became his successor as the President of Indonesia. After Abdurrahman Wahid
was impeached
, Vice President Megawati was elected to replace him as President of Indonesia. Former security minister Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
chose Jusuf Kalla
as his running mate in the July 2004 presidential election
against the incumbent Megawati Sukarnoputri and her running mate Hasyim Muzadi
. Yudhoyono led the candidates with 33.58% of the vote, but he had failed to capture the required majority. Thus, the election went into a second round runoff
between Yudhoyono and Megawati. In 24 September 2004 runoff, the Yudhoyono-Kalla ticket captured 60.62% of the vote, in comparison to Megawati-Muzadi's 39.38%. Yudhoyono and Kalla took office as President
and Vice President
, respectively, on 20 October 2004.
Vice President of Indonesia
The Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia is the first in the line of succession in the Republic of Indonesia.-History of the office:The Indonesian Vice Presidency was established during the formulation of the 1945 constitution by the Researching Body for the Preparation of the Indonesian...
is the second most powerful person in the Republic of Indonesia and first in the line of succession.
The vice presidency was established during the formulation of the 1945 constitution by the Badan Penyelidik Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (BPUPKI), a research body for the preparation of Indonesian independence. On 18 August 1945, the Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (PPKI), which was created on 7 August to replace BPUPKI, selected Sukarno
Sukarno
Sukarno, born Kusno Sosrodihardjo was the first President of Indonesia.Sukarno was the leader of his country's struggle for independence from the Netherlands and was Indonesia's first President from 1945 to 1967...
as the country's first president and Mohammad Hatta
Mohammad Hatta
was born in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, Dutch East Indies . He was Indonesia's first vice president, later also serving as the country's Prime Minister. Known as "The Proclamator", he and a number of Indonesians, including the first president of Indonesia, Sukarno, fought for the independence of...
as vice president.
List of Vice Presidents of Indonesia
| # | Vice President | | Photo | Entered Office | Left Office | Party | President(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dr. Mohammad Hatta Mohammad Hatta was born in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, Dutch East Indies . He was Indonesia's first vice president, later also serving as the country's Prime Minister. Known as "The Proclamator", he and a number of Indonesians, including the first president of Indonesia, Sukarno, fought for the independence of... |
 |
18 August 1945 | 1 December 1956 | None | Sukarno Sukarno Sukarno, born Kusno Sosrodihardjo was the first President of Indonesia.Sukarno was the leader of his country's struggle for independence from the Netherlands and was Indonesia's first President from 1945 to 1967... |
| Vacant | 1 December 1956 | 22 March 1973 | Sukarno/Suharto | |||
| 2 | Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX Hamengkubuwono IX or HB IX was the first Governor of the Yogyakarta Special Region, the ninth Sultan of Sultanate of Yogyakarta and the second vice president of Indonesia during the Suharto's reign.-Early life:... |
 |
22 March 1973 | 23 March 1978 | None | Suharto |
| 3 | Adam Malik Adam Malik Adam Malik Batubara was Indonesia's third vice president, a senior diplomat, and one of the pioneers of Indonesian journalism.-Early life:... |
 |
23 March 1978 | 12 March 1983 | Golkar | Suharto |
| 4 | Umar Wirahadikusumah Umar Wirahadikusumah was the fourth Indonesian Vice President; he served from 1983 to 1988.-Early life:Umar Wirahadikusumah was born on 10 October 1924 to Raden Rangga Wirahadikusumah and Raden Ratnaringrum... |
 |
12 March 1983 | 11 March 1988 | Golkar | Suharto |
| 5 | Sudharmono Sudharmono Sudharmono was Indonesia's fifth vice president, and was in office during the period 1988 - 1993.-Early life:... |
 |
11 March 1988 | 17 March 1993 | Golkar | Suharto |
| 6 | Try Sutrisno Try Sutrisno Try Sutrisno was Indonesia's sixth vice president from 1993 to 1998.-Early life:Try Sutrisno was born on 15 November 1935 in Surabaya, East Java. His father Subandi was an ambulance driver, and his mother Mardiyah was a housewife. After the Indonesian Proclamation of Independence, the Dutch... |
 |
17 March 1993 | 14 March 1998 | Golkar | Suharto |
| 7 | B. J. Habibie |  |
14 March 1998 | 21 May 1998 | Golkar | Suharto |
| Vacant | 19 May 1998 | 25 October 1999 | B. J. Habibie | |||
| 8 | Megawati Sukarnoputri Megawati Sukarnoputri In this Indonesian name, the name "Sukarnoputri" is a patronymic, not a family name, and the person should be referred to by the given name "Megawati".... |
26 October 1999 | 23 July 2001 | Indonesian Democratic Party – Struggle | Abdurrahman Wahid Abdurrahman Wahid Abdurrahman Wahid, born Abdurrahman Addakhil , colloquially known as , was an Indonesian Muslim religious and political leader who served as the President of Indonesia from 1999 to 2001... |
|
| 9 | Hamzah Haz Hamzah Haz Hamzah Haz is an Indonesian politician. He is the head of the United Development Party and served as the ninth Vice-President from 2001 until 2004.... |
 |
26 July 2001 | 20 October 2004 | United Development Party United Development Party The United Development Party , sometimes translated as Development Unity Party is a political party in Indonesia. It is an islamic party and currently led by Suryadharma Ali.-Origins:... |
Megawati Sukarnoputri Megawati Sukarnoputri In this Indonesian name, the name "Sukarnoputri" is a patronymic, not a family name, and the person should be referred to by the given name "Megawati".... |
| 10 | Jusuf Kalla Jusuf Kalla is an Indonesian politician who was the 10th Vice President of Indonesia from 2004 to 2009 and Chairman of the Golkar Party during the same period. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the 2009 presidential election.-Early life:... |
 |
20 October 2004 | 20 October 2009 | Golkar | Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono AC , is an Indonesian politician and retired Army general officer who has been President of Indonesia since 2004.... |
| 11 | Boediono Boediono Boediono is the Vice President of Indonesia, after winning the 2009 presidential election together with incumbent President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.-Education:Boediono received his early education in primary school in Blitar, East Java... |
20 October 2009 | Incumbent | None | Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono |
See also
- President of IndonesiaPresident of IndonesiaThe President of the Republic of Indonesia is the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Indonesia.The first president was Sukarno and the current president is Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.- Sukarno era :...
- Vice President of IndonesiaVice President of IndonesiaThe Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia is the first in the line of succession in the Republic of Indonesia.-History of the office:The Indonesian Vice Presidency was established during the formulation of the 1945 constitution by the Researching Body for the Preparation of the Indonesian...
Footnotes
Hatta announced his resignation from the Vice Presidency on 26 July 1956, effective 1 December 1956. PresidentPresident of Indonesia
The President of the Republic of Indonesia is the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Indonesia.The first president was Sukarno and the current president is Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.- Sukarno era :...
Sukarno
Sukarno
Sukarno, born Kusno Sosrodihardjo was the first President of Indonesia.Sukarno was the leader of his country's struggle for independence from the Netherlands and was Indonesia's first President from 1945 to 1967...
had moved the country increasingly toward autocracy
Autocracy
An autocracy is a form of government in which one person is the supreme power within the state. It is derived from the Greek : and , and may be translated as "one who rules by himself". It is distinct from oligarchy and democracy...
and authoritarianism
Authoritarianism
Authoritarianism is a form of social organization characterized by submission to authority. It is usually opposed to individualism and democracy...
. Hatta, a proponent of democracy
Democracy
Democracy is generally defined as a form of government in which all adult citizens have an equal say in the decisions that affect their lives. Ideally, this includes equal participation in the proposal, development and passage of legislation into law...
, advised President Sukarno not to take that path, but his recommendations were ignored. He decided to resign, as he believed he could not work with the president. President Sukarno did not name Hatta's successor as Vice President. In December 1965, there were calls for a Vice President to be named to assist Sukarno with the fallout of the 30 September Movement
30 September Movement
The Thirtieth of September Movement ) was a self-proclaimed organization of Indonesian National Armed Forces members who, in the early hours of 1 October 1965, assassinated six Indonesian Army generals in an abortive coup d'état. Later that morning, the organization declared that it was in control...
and General Suharto's attempts to take over the government. It was not until the New Order
New Order (Indonesia)
The New Order is the term coined by former Indonesian President Suharto to characterize his regime as he came to power in 1966. Suharto used this term to contrast his rule with that of his predecessor, Sukarno...
regime of President Suharto that the Vice President post became filled again. Vice President Hamengkubuwono IX rejected his nomination for Vice President by the People's Consultative Assembly
People's Consultative Assembly
The People's Consultative Assembly is the legislative branch in Indonesia's political system. It is composed of the members of the People's Representative Council and the Regional Representative Council. Before 2004, and the amendments to the 1945 Constitution, the MPR was the highest governing...
in March 1978, due to poor health. President Suharto believed that Hamengkubuwono IX had betrayed him by not seeking reelection. Following the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis, there were calls for Suharto's resignation as President. In May 1998, he lost support from many of his allies, including Wiranto
Wiranto
Wiranto is a retired Indonesian army General. He was Commander of the military of Indonesia from February 1998 to October 1999, and ran unsuccessfully for President of Indonesia in 2004 and the vice-presidency in 2009....
and Ginandjar Kartasasmita
Ginandjar Kartasasmita
Prof. Dr. Ir. Ginandjar Kartasasmita April 1941 in Bandung, West Java is an Indonesian politician. He served a five-year term as Speaker of Indonesia Regional Representative Council .-Background:...
. On 21 May, Suharto formally announced his resignation from office. Habibie became his successor as the President of Indonesia. After Abdurrahman Wahid
Abdurrahman Wahid
Abdurrahman Wahid, born Abdurrahman Addakhil , colloquially known as , was an Indonesian Muslim religious and political leader who served as the President of Indonesia from 1999 to 2001...
was impeached
Impeachment
Impeachment is a formal process in which an official is accused of unlawful activity, the outcome of which, depending on the country, may include the removal of that official from office as well as other punishment....
, Vice President Megawati was elected to replace him as President of Indonesia. Former security minister Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono AC , is an Indonesian politician and retired Army general officer who has been President of Indonesia since 2004....
chose Jusuf Kalla
Jusuf Kalla
is an Indonesian politician who was the 10th Vice President of Indonesia from 2004 to 2009 and Chairman of the Golkar Party during the same period. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the 2009 presidential election.-Early life:...
as his running mate in the July 2004 presidential election
Indonesian presidential election, 2004
The first direct presidential election in Indonesia was held in two rounds on 5 July and 20 September 2004. Prior to a 2002 amendment to the Constitution of Indonesia, the President and Vice President was elected by the country's top legislative body, the People's Consultative Assembly.Under the...
against the incumbent Megawati Sukarnoputri and her running mate Hasyim Muzadi
Hasyim Muzadi
Achmad Hasyim Muzadi is currently the Chairman of Nahdlatul Ulama, the largest Islamic organization in Indonesia.-Political career:...
. Yudhoyono led the candidates with 33.58% of the vote, but he had failed to capture the required majority. Thus, the election went into a second round runoff
Two-round system
The two-round system is a voting system used to elect a single winner where the voter casts a single vote for their chosen candidate...
between Yudhoyono and Megawati. In 24 September 2004 runoff, the Yudhoyono-Kalla ticket captured 60.62% of the vote, in comparison to Megawati-Muzadi's 39.38%. Yudhoyono and Kalla took office as President
President of Indonesia
The President of the Republic of Indonesia is the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Indonesia.The first president was Sukarno and the current president is Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.- Sukarno era :...
and Vice President
Vice President of Indonesia
The Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia is the first in the line of succession in the Republic of Indonesia.-History of the office:The Indonesian Vice Presidency was established during the formulation of the 1945 constitution by the Researching Body for the Preparation of the Indonesian...
, respectively, on 20 October 2004.