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Line 1 (Naples metro)
Encyclopedia
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Line 1 is a rapid transit
railway line that forms part of the Metropolitana di Napoli
(Napoli Metro), which is the main part of the metro system for the city of Naples
, Italy
. It currently connects 14 stations, it is in the process of being upgraded currently. When the upgrading works are completed (expected by 2010), Line 1 will connect 26 stations and form a circular loop, and bring easier access to the city centre for residents of Chiaiano
, Piscinola, and Scampia
.
line to connect Vomero
with the Museum
. However the Commissione Comunale dei Trasporti (Municipal Transportation Commission) decided to investigate alternative possibilities to a funicular line. After several years of discussions, in 1966 the EAV proposed the construction of a metro system connecting Piazza Matteotti with Piazza Medaglie d'Oro, with provision for further extension to the Hospital in Colli Aminei.
The following year the council approves the EAV's "white paper" for the project. By 1968 a commission had been undertaken to plan and study possible routes and station locations, and they determined that the subway would be about 4.5 kilometres long and have 12 stations, with a distance between each station of 375 metres. On the day the project was due to be approved by the council, the EAV attempted to submit an updated version of the draft asking for concessions for construction and operation but was refused, and the project immediately stalled.
A further year and a half passed with no progress made. By 1971 the Azienda Trasporti Milanesi (Transport Agency of Milan) had become involved, assisting Azienda Napoletana Mobilità (Mobility Agency of Naples) in trying to formulate an alternative draft plan. Submissions made in both 1970, and 1971 for further funding towards construction were both refused. A breakthrough was achieved in 1972, with funding of 42 million lire
approved, on the proviso that the line be extended to connect the central Stazione Garibaldi.
As a result of the breakthrough, in 1972, Metropolitana di Napoli
was formed with 1,2 million lire of operating capital. A new revised proposal for the project was submitted, however despite the earlier promises that were made, the Italian government decided to block the funds. By 1974 it was decided the responsibility for funding the project should fall on the regional government, not the Italian government. A new budget of 10 million lire was made available. On Christmas Eve 1974, the new proposals were finally given approval. Between 1975 and 1977 the project was again delayed as an Interministerial Commission was conducted as part of governmental scrutiny processes. In 1976 the municipal council finally granted the money to implement the project and the foundation stone for Stazione Medaglie d'Oro was laid on 22 December 1976.
It 1978 it was decided that the line could be extended to Scampia
and Piscinola, and the funding was provided by the European Community. By 1980, the line had reached Piazza Vanvitelli, but on 23 November of that year, the Irpinia earthquake
struck nearby Conza, causing terrible damage and loss of life. It was then advised that plans would have to be adapted to deal with possible future earthquakes. The European Union
funded 33% of the total expenditure for this additions to the plans. However in the mid 1990s it emerged that elements of the Camorra
had been involved in syphoning millions of lire of this funding.
In 1983 further funding issues continually blocked and delayed construction work, and in 1984 the council was forced to apply for loans for the continuation of construction.
The following year the contract for the construction of the stretch from Colli Aminei to Piscinola proceeded, with funds allocated by the Comune di Napoli council and Campania regional government, and in May 1985 the stretch between Piazza Medaglie d'Oro and Colli Aminei. Between 1986 and 1988 sectors of line from Colli Aminei to Vanvitelli
, Piscinola and Salvator Rosa
all opened.
Despite all of the delays, after thirteen years of work, the first section of Line 1 (linea 1) opened on 23 March 1993. Planning first began in the 1963 and construction commenced in the 1985 between the stations of Vanvitelli and Colli Aminei. On 19 July 1995 it was extended to Piscinola - Scampia.
A large length of Line 1 runs along the coast of the Bay of Naples, and some is parallel to the ancient city wall. Much of the area through which it has been constructed is archaeologically rich, and many objects have been recovered during its construction. Currently these objects are displayed in Stazione Museo, and it is planned for further such exhibits at Stazione Duomo and Stazione Municipio (both due for opening in late 2013). The Stazione Duomo is also expected to include the remains of an ancient Roman temple
.
It has been renamed Metrò dell'Arte (Metro of Art) because of the contemporary art
works installed in its stations. The line will in the future constitute the complete circle. Line 1 is a Metro
line with dedicated infrastructure and is operated by Metronapoli.
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In 2001, it was extended from Vanvitelli to Museo (at the National Archaeological Museum) where it connects with Piazza Cavour on Line 2 by a long underground walkway. It was extended to Dante in the heart of the city centre in 2002. An intermediate station was opened at Materdei in 2003.
The line is currently being extended to Trenitalia
's main Naples station
at Piazza Garibaldi, passing through the port area where it will interconnect with the proposed Line 6 at Municipio (Town Hall). This is due to open in 2013. Extension work is also underway between Piscinola and Capodichino (Naples International Airport
). The extensions are planned to incorporate an 8-shaped inclinational loop which will climb up to 250m above the city centre, making it the steeping underground climb in the world.
A proposal exists for competing the circle between Capodichino and Piazza Garibaldi, due to open after 2013. A proposal for a spur line from Piscinola to Giugliano
is under development.
Line 1 is a rapid transit
Rapid transit
A rapid transit, underground, subway, elevated railway, metro or metropolitan railway system is an electric passenger railway in an urban area with a high capacity and frequency, and grade separation from other traffic. Rapid transit systems are typically located either in underground tunnels or on...
railway line that forms part of the Metropolitana di Napoli
Metropolitana di Napoli
Metropolitana di Napoli is the metro system serving the city of Naples, Italy. The system includes three underground rapid transit lines and commuter railways , with planned upgrading and expansion work underway...
(Napoli Metro), which is the main part of the metro system for the city of Naples
Naples
Naples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
. It currently connects 14 stations, it is in the process of being upgraded currently. When the upgrading works are completed (expected by 2010), Line 1 will connect 26 stations and form a circular loop, and bring easier access to the city centre for residents of Chiaiano
Chiaiano
Chiaiano is a north-western suburb of Naples, with a population of about 23,000.-Geography:Chiaiano it's a hilly and wooded area that lies between Camaldoli and the Campi Flegrei.-History:...
, Piscinola, and Scampia
Scampia
Scampìa is a modern suburb in the north of Naples. The population is about 80,000.-Geography:The district lies in the far north of Naples. To the south are the suburbs of Piscinola-Marianella, Miano and Secondigliano.-History:...
.
History
Planning for Line 1 began in 1963, when the Ente Autonomo del Volturno (EAV) proposed a new funicularFunicular
A funicular, also known as an inclined plane or cliff railway, is a cable railway in which a cable attached to a pair of tram-like vehicles on rails moves them up and down a steep slope; the ascending and descending vehicles counterbalance each other.-Operation:The basic principle of funicular...
line to connect Vomero
Vomero
Vomero is a central district of Naples, with a population of about 48,000.-Geography:Vomero is a hilly and heavily urbanized area in the center of Naples...
with the Museum
Naples National Archaeological Museum
The Naples National Archaeological Museum is a museum in Naples, southern Italy, at the northwest corner of the original Greek wall of the city of Neapolis. The museum contains a large collection of Roman artifacts from Pompeii, Stabiae and Herculaneum...
. However the Commissione Comunale dei Trasporti (Municipal Transportation Commission) decided to investigate alternative possibilities to a funicular line. After several years of discussions, in 1966 the EAV proposed the construction of a metro system connecting Piazza Matteotti with Piazza Medaglie d'Oro, with provision for further extension to the Hospital in Colli Aminei.
The following year the council approves the EAV's "white paper" for the project. By 1968 a commission had been undertaken to plan and study possible routes and station locations, and they determined that the subway would be about 4.5 kilometres long and have 12 stations, with a distance between each station of 375 metres. On the day the project was due to be approved by the council, the EAV attempted to submit an updated version of the draft asking for concessions for construction and operation but was refused, and the project immediately stalled.
A further year and a half passed with no progress made. By 1971 the Azienda Trasporti Milanesi (Transport Agency of Milan) had become involved, assisting Azienda Napoletana Mobilità (Mobility Agency of Naples) in trying to formulate an alternative draft plan. Submissions made in both 1970, and 1971 for further funding towards construction were both refused. A breakthrough was achieved in 1972, with funding of 42 million lire
Lire
Lire is a French literary magazine covering both French and foreign literature. It was founded in 1975 by Jean-Louis Servan-Schreiber and Bernard Pivot.-External links:*...
approved, on the proviso that the line be extended to connect the central Stazione Garibaldi.
As a result of the breakthrough, in 1972, Metropolitana di Napoli
Metropolitana di Napoli
Metropolitana di Napoli is the metro system serving the city of Naples, Italy. The system includes three underground rapid transit lines and commuter railways , with planned upgrading and expansion work underway...
was formed with 1,2 million lire of operating capital. A new revised proposal for the project was submitted, however despite the earlier promises that were made, the Italian government decided to block the funds. By 1974 it was decided the responsibility for funding the project should fall on the regional government, not the Italian government. A new budget of 10 million lire was made available. On Christmas Eve 1974, the new proposals were finally given approval. Between 1975 and 1977 the project was again delayed as an Interministerial Commission was conducted as part of governmental scrutiny processes. In 1976 the municipal council finally granted the money to implement the project and the foundation stone for Stazione Medaglie d'Oro was laid on 22 December 1976.
It 1978 it was decided that the line could be extended to Scampia
Scampia
Scampìa is a modern suburb in the north of Naples. The population is about 80,000.-Geography:The district lies in the far north of Naples. To the south are the suburbs of Piscinola-Marianella, Miano and Secondigliano.-History:...
and Piscinola, and the funding was provided by the European Community. By 1980, the line had reached Piazza Vanvitelli, but on 23 November of that year, the Irpinia earthquake
1980 Irpinia earthquake
The 1980 Irpinia earthquake took place in the Irpinia region in Southern Italy on Sunday, November 23, 1980. Measuring 6.89 on the Richter Scale, the quake, centered on the village of Conza, killed 2,914 people, injured more than 10,000 and left 300,000 homeless. It is known in Italy as Terremoto...
struck nearby Conza, causing terrible damage and loss of life. It was then advised that plans would have to be adapted to deal with possible future earthquakes. The European Union
European Union
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
funded 33% of the total expenditure for this additions to the plans. However in the mid 1990s it emerged that elements of the Camorra
Camorra
The Camorra is a Mafia-type criminal organization, or secret society, originating in the region of Campania and its capital Naples in Italy. It is one of the oldest and largest criminal organizations in Italy, dating to the 18th century.-Background:...
had been involved in syphoning millions of lire of this funding.
In 1983 further funding issues continually blocked and delayed construction work, and in 1984 the council was forced to apply for loans for the continuation of construction.
The following year the contract for the construction of the stretch from Colli Aminei to Piscinola proceeded, with funds allocated by the Comune di Napoli council and Campania regional government, and in May 1985 the stretch between Piazza Medaglie d'Oro and Colli Aminei. Between 1986 and 1988 sectors of line from Colli Aminei to Vanvitelli
Vanvitelli
Both father and son are often tagged with the name Vanvitelli:* Caspar van Wittel, painter of Baroque vedute* Luigi Vanvitelli, his son, noted Rococo architect of Rome and Naples...
, Piscinola and Salvator Rosa
Salvator Rosa
Salvator Rosa was an Italian Baroque painter, poet and printmaker, active in Naples, Rome and Florence. As a painter, he is best known as an "unorthodox and extravagant" and a "perpetual rebel" proto-Romantic.-Early life:...
all opened.
Despite all of the delays, after thirteen years of work, the first section of Line 1 (linea 1) opened on 23 March 1993. Planning first began in the 1963 and construction commenced in the 1985 between the stations of Vanvitelli and Colli Aminei. On 19 July 1995 it was extended to Piscinola - Scampia.
A large length of Line 1 runs along the coast of the Bay of Naples, and some is parallel to the ancient city wall. Much of the area through which it has been constructed is archaeologically rich, and many objects have been recovered during its construction. Currently these objects are displayed in Stazione Museo, and it is planned for further such exhibits at Stazione Duomo and Stazione Municipio (both due for opening in late 2013). The Stazione Duomo is also expected to include the remains of an ancient Roman temple
Roman temple
Ancient Roman temples are among the most visible archaeological remains of Roman culture, and are a significant source for Roman architecture. Their construction and maintenance was a major part of ancient Roman religion. The main room housed the cult image of the deity to whom the temple was...
.
It has been renamed Metrò dell'Arte (Metro of Art) because of the contemporary art
Contemporary art
Contemporary art can be defined variously as art produced at this present point in time or art produced since World War II. The definition of the word contemporary would support the first view, but museums of contemporary art commonly define their collections as consisting of art produced...
works installed in its stations. The line will in the future constitute the complete circle. Line 1 is a Metro
Rapid transit
A rapid transit, underground, subway, elevated railway, metro or metropolitan railway system is an electric passenger railway in an urban area with a high capacity and frequency, and grade separation from other traffic. Rapid transit systems are typically located either in underground tunnels or on...
line with dedicated infrastructure and is operated by Metronapoli.
The line is currently being extended to Trenitalia
Trenitalia
Trenitalia is the primary train operator in Italy. Trenitalia is owned by Ferrovie dello Stato, itself owned by the Italian Government. It was created in 2000 following the EU directive on the deregulation of rail transport.-Passenger transport:...
's main Naples station
Napoli Centrale railway station
Napoli Centrale is the main railway station in the city of Naples and southern Italy and the sixth largest station in Italy in terms of passenger flow. It is located next to Piazza Garibaldi to the east of the old city...
at Piazza Garibaldi, passing through the port area where it will interconnect with the proposed Line 6 at Municipio (Town Hall). This is due to open in 2013. Extension work is also underway between Piscinola and Capodichino (Naples International Airport
Naples International Airport
Naples Airport is the airport serving Naples, Italy. It is located north-northeast of the city in the Capodichino district of Naples. The airport has two terminal buildings: Terminal 1 is for departing travellers and Terminal 2, located away from the airfield, is used for charter operations...
). The extensions are planned to incorporate an 8-shaped inclinational loop which will climb up to 250m above the city centre, making it the steeping underground climb in the world.
A proposal exists for competing the circle between Capodichino and Piazza Garibaldi, due to open after 2013. A proposal for a spur line from Piscinola to Giugliano
Giugliano in Campania
Giugliano in Campania is a city and comune in the province of Napoli, Campania, Italy. As of 2008, it had some 113,000 inhabitants and it is the most populated Italian city not provincial seat. It is part of Naples' metropolitan area.-History:In 5th-4th century BCE the territory of Giugliano was...
is under development.
Stations
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See also
- Metropolitana di NapoliMetropolitana di NapoliMetropolitana di Napoli is the metro system serving the city of Naples, Italy. The system includes three underground rapid transit lines and commuter railways , with planned upgrading and expansion work underway...
- List of Naples metro stations
- List of rapid transit systems