Giugliano in Campania
Encyclopedia
Giugliano in Campania is a city and comune
in the province of Napoli, Campania
, Italy
. As of 2008, it had some 113,000 inhabitants and it is the most populated Italian city not provincial seat. It is part of Naples
' metropolitan area.
. According to a tradition, the city was founded by a group of colonists from Cuma
in 421 BCE, who called it Lilianum ("Land of the lilies"). The city remained a small center until 1207, when Cuma was destroyed by the Neapolitans
; some of the citizens from that town, including the clergy and the cathedral capitular, took shelter in Giugliano. The first documents mentioning a fief in Giugliano dates from 1270.
Lords of the city were, in sequence, the Vulcano, Filomarino, Pignatelli, D'Aquino, Pinelli and Colonna
.
Comune
In Italy, the comune is the basic administrative division, and may be properly approximated in casual speech by the English word township or municipality.-Importance and function:...
in the province of Napoli, Campania
Campania
Campania is a region in southern Italy. The region has a population of around 5.8 million people, making it the second-most-populous region of Italy; its total area of 13,590 km² makes it the most densely populated region in the country...
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
. As of 2008, it had some 113,000 inhabitants and it is the most populated Italian city not provincial seat. It is part of Naples
Naples
Naples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
' metropolitan area.
History
In 5th-4th century BCE the territory of Giugliano was settled by the OsciOsci
The Osci , were an Italic people of Campania and Latium adiectum during Roman times. They spoke the Oscan language, also spoken by the Samnites of Southern Italy. Although the language of the Samnites was called Oscan, the Samnites were never called Osci, or the Osci Samnites...
. According to a tradition, the city was founded by a group of colonists from Cuma
Cumae
Cumae is an ancient Greek settlement lying to the northwest of Naples in the Italian region of Campania. Cumae was the first Greek colony on the mainland of Italy , and the seat of the Cumaean Sibyl...
in 421 BCE, who called it Lilianum ("Land of the lilies"). The city remained a small center until 1207, when Cuma was destroyed by the Neapolitans
Naples
Naples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
; some of the citizens from that town, including the clergy and the cathedral capitular, took shelter in Giugliano. The first documents mentioning a fief in Giugliano dates from 1270.
Lords of the city were, in sequence, the Vulcano, Filomarino, Pignatelli, D'Aquino, Pinelli and Colonna
Colonna family
The Colonna family is an Italian noble family; it was powerful in medieval and Renaissance Rome, supplying one Pope and many other Church and political leaders...
.
Main sights
- Palazzo Pinelli, built in 1545 by architect Giovanni Francesco di Palma. It had a side tower, which was later demolished.
- Church of Santa Sofia (17th century), designed by Domenico FontanaDomenico FontanaDomenico Fontana was a Swiss-born Italian architect of the late Renaissance.-Biography:200px|thumb|Fountain of Moses in Rome....
. It was finished in 1730-1745 by the Neapolitan architect Domenico Antonio VaccaroDomenico Antonio VaccaroDomenico Antonio Vaccaro was an Italian painter, sculptor and architect, the son and pupil of Lorenzo Vaccaro. Lorenzo was in turn a pupil of Cosimo Fanzago and was part of a large family of artists including Andrea Vaccaro, a pupil of Girolamo Imparato.Domenico Antonio was born in Naples and his...
. It houses the tomb of Giovan Battista Basile. - Church of the Annunziata, known from the 16th century. It is home to several canvasses by Neapolitan artists such as Massimo StanzioneMassimo StanzioneMassimo Stanzione was an Italian Baroque painter, mainly active in Naples.Massimo Stanzione was an Italian Baroque painter. Born in Naples in 1586, Massimo was greatly influenced by Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, but what earned him the nickname of The Neapolitan Guido Reni was his...
and Carlo SellittoCarlo SellittoCarlo Sellitto was an Italian painter of the Baroque period.One of the most gifted followers of Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio , Sellitto played an important role in the spread of Caravaggism to Naples and in the development away from Late Mannerism to a greater naturalism.The son of a painter...
. it has a nave with apseApseIn architecture, the apse is a semicircular recess covered with a hemispherical vault or semi-dome...
and transeptTranseptFor the periodical go to The Transept.A transept is a transverse section, of any building, which lies across the main body of the building. In Christian churches, a transept is an area set crosswise to the nave in a cruciform building in Romanesque and Gothic Christian church architecture...
; the pulpitPulpitPulpit is a speakers' stand in a church. In many Christian churches, there are two speakers' stands at the front of the church. Typically, the one on the left is called the pulpit...
is in Roccoco style, while the rest of the interior is decorated in Baroque style. Notable are also the large wooden organ (late 16th century), the Chapel of Madonna della Pace and early 16th Stories of the Virgin' in the left transept. - Church of Sant'Anna. Of the original building, existing in the 14th century, the bell tower remains. It houses 16th century paintings by Fabrizio SantafedeFabrizio SantafedeFabrizio Santafede was an Italian painter of the late-Renaissance and early-Baroque periods. He painted in a late-Mannerist style. He was a pupil of his father, the painter Francesco Santafede, and later a pupil of Francesco Curia and Andrea Sabbatini...
and Pietro NegroniPietro NegroniPietro Negroni was an Italian painter of the Renaissance period, active mainly in Naples. He was also known as Il Giovane Zingaro and appears to have been born near Cosenza. He was a pupil of the painters Giovanni Antonio D’Amato and Marco Calabrese, and strongly influenced by Polidoro da Caravaggio...
. - Church of Madonna delle Grazie, with a 14th century bell tower and a 16th century portal. The interior has a 15th century Gothic Incoronation of the Virgin and early 16th century frescoes.