Jünkerath
Encyclopedia
Jünkerath is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality
belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde
, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district
in Rhineland-Palatinate
, Germany
. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Obere Kyll
, and is home to its seat.
valley in the Eifel
. Geologically
, Jünkerath is part of the Kalkeifel (“Limestone
Eifel”).
-Cologne
Roman road, which was marked as early as the 4th century on the Tabula Peutingeriana
.
As a result of the Treaty of Lunéville
, Jünkerath passed along with the rest of the lands on the Rhine’s left bank to France
in 1801, and then in 1815 came the cession
to Prussia
. Count Sternberg-Manderscheid acquired in the 1803 Reichsdeputationshauptschluss as the landholder, among other things, the holdings formerly belonging to the monasteries at Weissenau and Schussenried in Upper Swabia
to offset his loss of Blankenheim
, Jünkerath, Gerolstein
and Dollendorf.
at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman.
The municipal election held on 7 June 2009 yielded the following results:
The municipality’s arms
might in English heraldic
language be described thus: Azure semée of fleurs-de-lis Or a lion rampant argent armed and langued gules and crowned of the second surmounted at the shoulder by a label of five points of the fourth.
Curiously, the German blazon does not match the coat of arms shown at the municipality’s website. The blazon stipulates six lilies, but only five are shown, the lion’s attitude
, rampant, is not mentioned, nor does anything in the blazon deal with the tongue’s or the claws’ tincture
(“armed and langued gules”).
Jünkerath’s arms go back to the old arms borne by the Lords of Jünkerath and to the time when Jünkerath belonged to the lordship at Schleiden.
The noblemen of Jünkerath possessed, like almost all Eifel
noble families, their own coat of arms. The Jünkerath arms can also be found in the arms of the County of Blankenheim, which is quarterly
. On 28 September 1934, the municipality appointed Schulze Grady to request of the Reich
Minister of the Interior that Jünkerath be allowed to bear its own arms. Approval came early the next spring.
The arms have been borne since 28 March 1935.
industry’s history since the 15th century. On display are, among other things, moulds, decorative ovens, cast iron plating and much more.
–Euskirchen
–Gerolstein
–Trier
) and at peak times is served by the following trains:
For all local public transport, three tariff systems apply: the Verkehrsverbund Region Trier (VRT), the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Sieg, and for journeys crossing tariff zones, the NRW-Tarif.
Once, there was a junction in Jünkerath where the now abandoned and dismantled Vennquerbahn branched off the Eifelbahn, leading by way of Losheim
at the Belgian
border to Malmedy
.
Municipalities of Germany
Municipalities are the lowest level of territorial division in Germany. This may be the fourth level of territorial division in Germany, apart from those states which include Regierungsbezirke , where municipalities then become the fifth level.-Overview:With more than 3,400,000 inhabitants, the...
belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde
Verbandsgemeinde
A Verbandsgemeinde is an administrative unit in the German Bundesländer of Rhineland-Palatinate and Saxony-Anhalt.-Rhineland-Palatinate:...
, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district
Districts of Germany
The districts of Germany are known as , except in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Schleswig-Holstein where they are known simply as ....
in Rhineland-Palatinate
Rhineland-Palatinate
Rhineland-Palatinate is one of the 16 states of the Federal Republic of Germany. It has an area of and about four million inhabitants. The capital is Mainz. English speakers also commonly refer to the state by its German name, Rheinland-Pfalz ....
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Obere Kyll
Obere Kyll
Obere Kyll is a Verbandsgemeinde in the district Vulkaneifel, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated on the upper course of the river Kyll, approx. 55 km south-west of Bonn. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde is in Jünkerath.The Verbandsgemeinde Obere Kyll consists of the following...
, and is home to its seat.
Location
Jünkerath, along with its outlying centre (Ortsteil) of Glaadt, lies in the KyllKyll
The Kyll , noted by the Roman poet Ausonius as Celbis, is a 142km long river in western Germany , left tributary of the Moselle. It rises in the Eifel mountains, near the border with Belgium and flows generally south through the towns Stadtkyll, Gerolstein, Kyllburg and east of Bitburg...
valley in the Eifel
Eifel
The Eifel is a low mountain range in western Germany and eastern Belgium. It occupies parts of southwestern North Rhine-Westphalia, northwestern Rhineland-Palatinate and the south of the German-speaking Community of Belgium....
. Geologically
Geology
Geology is the science comprising the study of solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which it evolves. Geology gives insight into the history of the Earth, as it provides the primary evidence for plate tectonics, the evolutionary history of life, and past climates...
, Jünkerath is part of the Kalkeifel (“Limestone
Limestone
Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate . Many limestones are composed from skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral or foraminifera....
Eifel”).
History
Jünkerath is among the Eifel’s oldest places. The name is derived from Icorigium, a station on the TrierTrier
Trier, historically called in English Treves is a city in Germany on the banks of the Moselle. It is the oldest city in Germany, founded in or before 16 BC....
-Cologne
Cologne
Cologne is Germany's fourth-largest city , and is the largest city both in the Germany Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia and within the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Area, one of the major European metropolitan areas with more than ten million inhabitants.Cologne is located on both sides of the...
Roman road, which was marked as early as the 4th century on the Tabula Peutingeriana
Tabula Peutingeriana
The Tabula Peutingeriana is an itinerarium showing the cursus publicus, the road network in the Roman Empire. The original map of which this is a unique copy was last revised in the fourth or early fifth century. It covers Europe, parts of Asia and North Africa...
.
As a result of the Treaty of Lunéville
Treaty of Lunéville
The Treaty of Lunéville was signed on 9 February 1801 between the French Republic and the Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, negotiating both on behalf of his own domains and of the Holy Roman Empire...
, Jünkerath passed along with the rest of the lands on the Rhine’s left bank to France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
in 1801, and then in 1815 came the cession
Cession
The act of Cession, or to cede, is the assignment of property to another entity. In international law it commonly refers to land transferred by treaty...
to Prussia
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
. Count Sternberg-Manderscheid acquired in the 1803 Reichsdeputationshauptschluss as the landholder, among other things, the holdings formerly belonging to the monasteries at Weissenau and Schussenried in Upper Swabia
Upper Swabia
Upper Swabia is a region in Germany in the federal states of Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria. The name refers to the area between the Swabian Alb, Lake Constance and the Lech...
to offset his loss of Blankenheim
Blankenheim, North Rhine-Westphalia
Blankenheim is a municipality in the district of Euskirchen in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.-Geography:Blankenheim is located in the Eifel hills, approx. 27 km south-west of Euskirchen...
, Jünkerath, Gerolstein
Gerolstein
Gerolstein is a town in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the seat of the like-named Verbandsgemeinde. Gerolstein is headquarters to a large mineral water firm, Gerolsteiner Brunnen...
and Dollendorf.
Landgemeinde Jünkerath
The municipality of Jünkerath was newly formed by law on 27 February 1930. In the Gesetz betreffend die Bildung der Landgemeinde Jünkerath (Kreis Daun) (“Law Pertaining to the Formation of the Rural Municipality of Jünkerath [Daun District]”), the following was set forth:- “The rural municipality of Glaadt of the district of Daun is combined according to stipulation of boundary description appended to this law with parts of the rural municipalities of Feusdorf and Gönnersdorf of the district of Daun and with parts of the rural municipality of Schüller of the district of Prüm into a rural municipality of Jünkerath in the district of Daun.”
Municipal council
The council is made up of 16 council members, who were elected by proportional representationProportional representation
Proportional representation is a concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council. PR means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received. For example, under a PR voting system if 30% of voters support a particular...
at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman.
The municipal election held on 7 June 2009 yielded the following results:
| SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany The Social Democratic Party of Germany is a social-democratic political party in Germany... |
CDU | Total | |
| 2009 | 6 | 10 | 16 seats |
| 2004 | 5 | 11 | 16 seats |
Mayor
Jünkerath’s mayor is Rainer Helfen (CDU), and his deputies are Erhard Bohn (SPD), Johann Thielen (CDU) and Alois Bömmels (CDU).Coat of arms
The German blazon reads: Ein blauer Schild darin ein silberner Löwe mit goldener Krone, umgeben von 6 goldenen Lilien. Der Löwe trägt einen fünfzackigen roten Turnierkragen.The municipality’s arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
might in English heraldic
Heraldry
Heraldry is the profession, study, or art of creating, granting, and blazoning arms and ruling on questions of rank or protocol, as exercised by an officer of arms. Heraldry comes from Anglo-Norman herald, from the Germanic compound harja-waldaz, "army commander"...
language be described thus: Azure semée of fleurs-de-lis Or a lion rampant argent armed and langued gules and crowned of the second surmounted at the shoulder by a label of five points of the fourth.
Curiously, the German blazon does not match the coat of arms shown at the municipality’s website. The blazon stipulates six lilies, but only five are shown, the lion’s attitude
Attitude (heraldry)
In heraldry, an attitude is the position in which an animal, fictional beast, mythical creature, human or human-like being is emblazoned as a charge, supporter or crest. Many attitudes apply only to predatory beasts and are exemplified by the beast most frequently found in heraldry — the lion. ...
, rampant, is not mentioned, nor does anything in the blazon deal with the tongue’s or the claws’ tincture
Tincture (heraldry)
In heraldry, tinctures are the colours used to emblazon a coat of arms. These can be divided into several categories including light tinctures called metals, dark tinctures called colours, nonstandard colours called stains, furs, and "proper". A charge tinctured proper is coloured as it would be...
(“armed and langued gules”).
Jünkerath’s arms go back to the old arms borne by the Lords of Jünkerath and to the time when Jünkerath belonged to the lordship at Schleiden.
The noblemen of Jünkerath possessed, like almost all Eifel
Eifel
The Eifel is a low mountain range in western Germany and eastern Belgium. It occupies parts of southwestern North Rhine-Westphalia, northwestern Rhineland-Palatinate and the south of the German-speaking Community of Belgium....
noble families, their own coat of arms. The Jünkerath arms can also be found in the arms of the County of Blankenheim, which is quarterly
Quartering (heraldry)
Quartering in heraldry is a method of joining several different coats of arms together in one shield by dividing the shield into equal parts and placing different coats of arms in each division....
. On 28 September 1934, the municipality appointed Schulze Grady to request of the Reich
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
Minister of the Interior that Jünkerath be allowed to bear its own arms. Approval came early the next spring.
The arms have been borne since 28 March 1935.
Museums
The Eisenmuseum (“Iron Museum”) in Jünkerath documents the Eifel ironIron
Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is the most common element forming the planet Earth as a whole, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust...
industry’s history since the 15th century. On display are, among other things, moulds, decorative ovens, cast iron plating and much more.
Main centre
- EvangelicalEvangelical Church in GermanyThe Evangelical Church in Germany is a federation of 22 Lutheran, Unified and Reformed Protestant regional church bodies in Germany. The EKD is not a church in a theological understanding because of the denominational differences. However, the member churches share full pulpit and altar...
church, Kölner Straße 62, small quarrystone aisleless churchAisleless churchAn Aisleless church is a single-nave church building that consists of a single hall-like room. While similar to the hall church, the aisleless church lacks aisles or passageways either side of the nave separated from the nave by colonnades or arcades, a row of pillars or columns...
from 1894–1895, rebuilt in 1950-1951, whole complex with churchyard and gravestones from the 18th to 20th centuries, fence from the time of building. - Saint Anthony of PaduaAnthony of PaduaAnthony of Padua or Anthony of Lisbon, O.F.M., was a Portuguese Catholic priest and friar of the Franciscan Order. Though he died in Padua, Italy, he was born to a wealthy family in Lisbon, Portugal, which is where he was raised...
Catholic Parish Church (Pfarrkirche St. Antonius von Padua), Kölner Straße 71, Late Romanesque RevivalRomanesque Revival architectureRomanesque Revival is a style of building employed beginning in the mid 19th century inspired by the 11th and 12th century Romanesque architecture...
quarrystone basilica from 1906–1907, whole complex with rectory (Kölner Straße 69). - Am Glaadtbach 6 – estate along street, from 1858.
- Bahnhofstraße 9 – railway station on the Eifelbahn, big quarrystone reception building, separate side building, towards 1870.
- Burgstraße 17 – Schloss Jünkerath, a castle built by architect Philippart between 1726 and 1735, and destroyed in 1737, scant remains of wall.
- Gewerkschaftstraße 1 – Jünkerath labour union’s former iron foundry, factory halls from the early 20th century.
- Gewerkschaftstraße 1 – former iron foundry’s administration building, representative BaroqueBaroque architectureBaroque architecture is a term used to describe the building style of the Baroque era, begun in late sixteenth century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new rhetorical and theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of the Catholic Church and...
mansard roofMansard roofA mansard or mansard roof is a four-sided gambrel-style hip roof characterized by two slopes on each of its sides with the lower slope at a steeper angle than the upper that is punctured by dormer windows. The roof creates an additional floor of habitable space, such as a garret...
building, apparently from 1770. - Glaadter Straße 16 – Quereinhaus (a combination residential and commercial house divided for these two purposes down the middle, perpendicularly to the street), apparently from 1875.
- Glaadter Straße 23 – stately building with half-hipped gables
- Glaadter Straße 45 – Quereinhaus from 1860
- Glaadter Straße/corner of Am Sonnenberg – wayside cross, red sandstoneSandstoneSandstone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized minerals or rock grains.Most sandstone is composed of quartz and/or feldspar because these are the most common minerals in the Earth's crust. Like sand, sandstone may be any colour, but the most common colours are tan, brown, yellow,...
pedestal cross, from 1758, possibly once a grave cross. - Kölner Straße 69 – Catholic rectory.
- Schwarzer Pfad 1, 3 and 5 (monumental zone) – three houses (railway attendants’ houses or DEMAGDemagDemag or Demag Cranes AG is a German heavy equipment manufacturer now controlled by US based Terex. The roots of Demag date back prior to its formation, but became Märkische Maschinenbau-Anstalt, Ludwig A.-G in 1906 as the biggest crane building company in Germany employing 250-300 people...
works dwellings?), possibly late 19th century, two-storey buildings with small-block walls with knee walls and flat saddle roofs, with wings from the time of building and outbuildings in the back.
Glaadt
- Catholic Parish Church of the Finding of the True Cross (Pfarrkirche Hl. Kreuzauffindung), Auf den Eichen 3, new building, late 19th century.
- Burgbering 1-20, former railwaymen’s settlement Neue Kolonie (monumental zone), from about 1920-1925, housing estate laid out in a ring shape in traditional local style with a gatehouse, six semidetached houses and a terraceTerraced houseIn architecture and city planning, a terrace house, terrace, row house, linked house or townhouse is a style of medium-density housing that originated in Great Britain in the late 17th century, where a row of identical or mirror-image houses share side walls...
of six bungalows, along with a central yard/garden enclosed by walls with gates or small outbuildings. - Kölner Straße 27, 29 and 33 – three identically shaped semidetached houses (possibly railway attendants’ houses), two-storey buildings with unplastered small-block walls built in a similar shape to the railway station.
Transport
Jünkerath railway station lies on the Eifelbahn (CologneCologne
Cologne is Germany's fourth-largest city , and is the largest city both in the Germany Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia and within the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Area, one of the major European metropolitan areas with more than ten million inhabitants.Cologne is located on both sides of the...
–Euskirchen
Euskirchen
Euskirchen is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, capital of the district Euskirchen. While Euskirchen resembles a modern shopping town, it also has a history dating back over 700 years, having been granted town-status in 1302....
–Gerolstein
Gerolstein
Gerolstein is a town in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is the seat of the like-named Verbandsgemeinde. Gerolstein is headquarters to a large mineral water firm, Gerolsteiner Brunnen...
–Trier
Trier
Trier, historically called in English Treves is a city in Germany on the banks of the Moselle. It is the oldest city in Germany, founded in or before 16 BC....
) and at peak times is served by the following trains:
- the Eifel-Mosel-Express (Cologne–Euskirchen–Gerolstein–Trier);
- the Eifel-Express (Cologne–Euskirchen–Gerolstein with connection to Trier);
- the Eifel-Bahn (Cologne–Euskirchen–Kall, and at peak times on to Gerolstein).
For all local public transport, three tariff systems apply: the Verkehrsverbund Region Trier (VRT), the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Sieg, and for journeys crossing tariff zones, the NRW-Tarif.
Once, there was a junction in Jünkerath where the now abandoned and dismantled Vennquerbahn branched off the Eifelbahn, leading by way of Losheim
Hellenthal
Hellenthal is a municipality in the district of Euskirchen in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located in the Eifel hills, near the border with Belgium, approx. 30 km south-west of Euskirchen and 40 km south-east of Aachen...
at the Belgian
Belgium
Belgium , officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a federal state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, and those of several other major international organisations such as NATO.Belgium is also a member of, or affiliated to, many...
border to Malmedy
Malmedy
Malmedy is a municipality of Belgium. It lies in the country's Walloon Region, Province of Liège. It belongs to the French Community of Belgium, within which it is French-speaking with facilities for German-speakers. On January 1, 2006 Malmedy had a total population of 11,829...
.