Iglesia Anglicana del Cono Sur de las Americas
Encyclopedia
The Anglican Church of the Southern Cone of America is the ecclesiastical province
of the Anglican Communion
that covers the countries of Argentina
, Bolivia
, Chile
, Paraguay
, Peru
and Uruguay
.
Formed in 1981, as of 30 November 2007, the province reported 22,000 members. Its members in South America are thinly spread, making it one of the smaller provinces in the Anglican Communion in terms of numbers, although one of the largest in geographical extent.
brought Anglicanism
with them. In Britain a voluntary Anglican society was formed in 1844http://www.cms-uk.org/Whoweare/History/SAMStimeline/tabid/511/language/en-GB/Default.aspx to evangelize the inhabitants of Tierra del Fuego. This later became The South American Mission Society (SAMS) and extended its activities the Araucanian regions of Chile and the Chaco. It still plays an important place in the life of the churchBut since 2010 as part of the new Church Mission Society
; see Church Mission Society: history. The first Diocese was established in 1869 as the Diocese of the Falkland Islands and the rest of South America excepting British Guyana with its Bishop resident in Buenos Aires.This was due to legal requirements at the time which did not allow the Church of England to consecrate or appoint bishops outside territories under the jurisdiction of the Crown. Despite its title, the diocese's effective territory was restricted to the Southern Cone plus Peru and Bolivia; Brasil and the more northern Spanish-speaking countries being effectively under the wing of the Episcopal Church of the USA. As the church and its mission grew, it was divided as the work grew and missionary bishops were appointed to smaller dioceses. Until 1974, these missionary dioceses were under the metropolitical oversight
of the Archbishop of Canterbury
and then for seven years under an ad hoc Council known by the acronym CASA (Consejo Anglicano de Sud América) which also had Brazilian members.
. Uruguay became an independent diocese in 1988 and Bolivia some years later. The province is distinguished by a conservative approach to the interpretation of biblical texts.
In 2003, after the consecration of Gene Robinson
, the first openly gay, partnered bishop within the Anglican Communion, as Bishop of New Hampshire
in the Episcopal Church in the United States of America
, the Province of the Southern Cone severed its relationship with the Episcopal Church in the United States. The Church of the Province of the Southern Cone subsequently, and controversially, extended ecclesiastical jurisdiction to conservatives departing from the Episcopal Church, but living within its geographical authority. This schism remains unresolved.
In November 2010, after the Provincial Synod that took place in Argentina, Bishop Héctor Zavala Muñoz, Diocesan Bishop of Chile, was elected as Primate, making him the first South American Primate of this Province.
A 1976 graduate of Wheaton College
, Wheaton, Illinois
, USA
; a conservative evangelical Christian college near Chicago
and a 1980 graduate of Nashotah House, a seminary of the Episcopal Church located near Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
—the Anglican Diocese of San Joaquin
, Anglican Diocese of Pittsburgh, the Episcopal Diocese of Fort Worth
and the Diocese of Quincy—have voted in their conventions to separate from the Episcopal Church and affiliate "on an emergency and temporary basis" with the Anglican Church of the Southern Cone of America. Those who have chosen to remain in the Episcopal Church in the United States have reformed their dioceses and have elected new leadership; the Episcopal Church is pursuing legal action to try and recover assets held by the dioceses that realigned.
In Canada, 19 parishes in Canada have formed the Anglican Network in Canada
and describe themselves as an "ecclesial body under the jurisdiction of the Anglican Province of the Southern Cone".
The province also claims one diocese in Brazil, the Diocese of Recife (Dioceso do Recife) under Bishop Cavalcanti
. This is not to be confused with the Diocese Anglicana do Recife which is a member of the Anglican Episcopal Church of Brazil.
The status of all the dioceses and ecclesiastical bodies outside Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay is disputed by some Anglicans. The arguments against claim that overlapping episcopal jurisdiction goes against Anglican polity and tradition; while those arguing in favor claim that while rare, there exist a number of examples of similar realignments throughout Anglican and Christian history.
Ecclesiastical Province
An ecclesiastical province is a large jurisdiction of religious government, so named by analogy with a secular province, existing in certain hierarchical Christian churches, especially in the Catholic Church and Orthodox Churches and in the Anglican Communion...
of the Anglican Communion
Anglican Communion
The Anglican Communion is an international association of national and regional Anglican churches in full communion with the Church of England and specifically with its principal primate, the Archbishop of Canterbury...
that covers the countries of Argentina
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
, Bolivia
Bolivia
Bolivia officially known as Plurinational State of Bolivia , is a landlocked country in central South America. It is the poorest country in South America...
, Chile
Chile
Chile ,officially the Republic of Chile , is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far...
, Paraguay
Paraguay
Paraguay , officially the Republic of Paraguay , is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the...
, Peru
Peru
Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
and Uruguay
Uruguay
Uruguay ,officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay,sometimes the Eastern Republic of Uruguay; ) is a country in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to some 3.5 million people, of whom 1.8 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area...
.
Formed in 1981, as of 30 November 2007, the province reported 22,000 members. Its members in South America are thinly spread, making it one of the smaller provinces in the Anglican Communion in terms of numbers, although one of the largest in geographical extent.
Background before 1981
During the 19th century, immigrants to South AmericaSouth America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
brought Anglicanism
Anglicanism
Anglicanism is a tradition within Christianity comprising churches with historical connections to the Church of England or similar beliefs, worship and church structures. The word Anglican originates in ecclesia anglicana, a medieval Latin phrase dating to at least 1246 that means the English...
with them. In Britain a voluntary Anglican society was formed in 1844http://www.cms-uk.org/Whoweare/History/SAMStimeline/tabid/511/language/en-GB/Default.aspx to evangelize the inhabitants of Tierra del Fuego. This later became The South American Mission Society (SAMS) and extended its activities the Araucanian regions of Chile and the Chaco. It still plays an important place in the life of the churchBut since 2010 as part of the new Church Mission Society
Church Mission Society
The Church Mission Society, also known as the Church Missionary Society, is a group of evangelistic societies working with the Anglican Communion and Protestant Christians around the world...
; see Church Mission Society: history. The first Diocese was established in 1869 as the Diocese of the Falkland Islands and the rest of South America excepting British Guyana with its Bishop resident in Buenos Aires.This was due to legal requirements at the time which did not allow the Church of England to consecrate or appoint bishops outside territories under the jurisdiction of the Crown. Despite its title, the diocese's effective territory was restricted to the Southern Cone plus Peru and Bolivia; Brasil and the more northern Spanish-speaking countries being effectively under the wing of the Episcopal Church of the USA. As the church and its mission grew, it was divided as the work grew and missionary bishops were appointed to smaller dioceses. Until 1974, these missionary dioceses were under the metropolitical oversight
Metropolitan bishop
In Christian churches with episcopal polity, the rank of metropolitan bishop, or simply metropolitan, pertains to the diocesan bishop or archbishop of a metropolis; that is, the chief city of a historical Roman province, ecclesiastical province, or regional capital.Before the establishment of...
of the Archbishop of Canterbury
Archbishop of Canterbury
The Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion, and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. In his role as head of the Anglican Communion, the archbishop leads the third largest group...
and then for seven years under an ad hoc Council known by the acronym CASA (Consejo Anglicano de Sud América) which also had Brazilian members.
History
In 1981 the five dioceses of Argentina (including Uruguay), Northern Argentina, Peru & Bolivia, Chile, and Paraguay came together to form the Province of the Southern ConeSouthern Cone
Southern Cone is a geographic region composed of the southernmost areas of South America, south of the Tropic of Capricorn. Although geographically this includes part of Southern and Southeast of Brazil, in terms of political geography the Southern cone has traditionally comprised Argentina,...
. Uruguay became an independent diocese in 1988 and Bolivia some years later. The province is distinguished by a conservative approach to the interpretation of biblical texts.
In 2003, after the consecration of Gene Robinson
Gene Robinson
Vicki Gene Robinson is the ninth bishop of the Diocese of New Hampshire in the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. Robinson was elected bishop in 2003 and entered office in March 2004...
, the first openly gay, partnered bishop within the Anglican Communion, as Bishop of New Hampshire
Episcopal Diocese of New Hampshire
The Episcopal Diocese of New Hampshire, a diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America , covers the entire state of New Hampshire. It was originally part of the Diocese of Massachusetts, but became independent in 1841. The see city is Concord...
in the Episcopal Church in the United States of America
Episcopal Church (United States)
The Episcopal Church is a mainline Anglican Christian church found mainly in the United States , but also in Honduras, Taiwan, Colombia, Ecuador, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Venezuela, the British Virgin Islands and parts of Europe...
, the Province of the Southern Cone severed its relationship with the Episcopal Church in the United States. The Church of the Province of the Southern Cone subsequently, and controversially, extended ecclesiastical jurisdiction to conservatives departing from the Episcopal Church, but living within its geographical authority. This schism remains unresolved.
In November 2010, after the Provincial Synod that took place in Argentina, Bishop Héctor Zavala Muñoz, Diocesan Bishop of Chile, was elected as Primate, making him the first South American Primate of this Province.
Diócesis de Argentina (Diocese of Argentina)
- Diocesan bishop — The Most Reverend Gregory James VenablesGregory James VenablesGregory James Venables is a British-born Anglican bishop and served as the Primate of the Southern Cone in South America from 2001 until 2010...
- appointed 2002, born 1949
- Link dioceses — Diocese of SheffieldDiocese of SheffieldThe Diocese of Sheffield is an administrative division of the Church of England, part of the Province of York.The Diocese of Sheffield was formed on January 23, 1914, by the division from the Diocese of York...
and Episcopal Diocese of VirginiaEpiscopal Diocese of VirginiaThe Diocese of Virginia is a diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America encompassing 38 counties in the northern and central parts of the state of Virginia. The diocese was organized in 1785 and is one of the Episcopal Church's nine original dioceses. However, the diocese has...
- Link dioceses — Diocese of Sheffield
Diócesis de Argentina Norte (Diocese of Northern Argentina)
- Diocesan bishopBishop of Buenos AiresThe Bishop of Argentina is a bishop in the Anglican communion, the head of the Anglican Diocese of Argentina.Buenos Aires succeeded the Falkland Islands as the episcopal seat for the whole of South America during the 19th century, but it is now the seat only for the Diocese of Argentina within the...
— vacant at present, under the primate Bishop Gregory James VenablesGregory James VenablesGregory James Venables is a British-born Anglican bishop and served as the Primate of the Southern Cone in South America from 2001 until 2010... - Assistant bishop — Reverend Hugo Vergara
- Link dioceses — Episcopal Diocese of AlbanyEpiscopal Diocese of AlbanyThe Episcopal Diocese of Albany is part of Province 2 of the Episcopal Church.-History:The Church of Englandarrived in 1674 with a chaplain assigned to the British military garrison at Albany, New York. In 1704 the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel sent two missionaries to the Mohawk...
, Diocese of CarlisleDiocese of CarlisleThe Diocese of Carlisle was created in 1133 by Henry I out of part of the Diocese of Durham, although many people of Celtic descent in the area looked to Glasgow for spiritual leadership. The first bishop was Æthelwold, formerly the king's confessor and now prior of the Augustinian priory at...
and Episcopal Diocese of South CarolinaEpiscopal Diocese of South CarolinaThe Episcopal Diocese of South Carolina is a diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America covering an area of 24 counties in the eastern part of the state of South Carolina. Its see city is Charleston, home to the Cathedral of St. Luke and St. Paul and Diocesan House. There are...
Diócesis de Bolivia (Diocese of Bolivia)
- Diocesan bishop — The Right Reverend Frank Lyons
A 1976 graduate of Wheaton College
Wheaton College (Illinois)
Wheaton College is a private, evangelical Protestant liberal arts college in Wheaton, Illinois, a suburb west of Chicago in the United States...
, Wheaton, Illinois
Wheaton, Illinois
Wheaton is an affluent community located in DuPage County, Illinois, approximately west of Chicago and Lake Michigan. Wheaton is the county seat of DuPage County...
, USA
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
; a conservative evangelical Christian college near Chicago
Chicago
Chicago is the largest city in the US state of Illinois. With nearly 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous in the US, after New York City and Los Angeles...
and a 1980 graduate of Nashotah House, a seminary of the Episcopal Church located near Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
- Link dioceses — SabahSabahSabah is one of 13 member states of Malaysia. It is located on the northern portion of the island of Borneo. It is the second largest state in the country after Sarawak, which it borders on its southwest. It also shares a border with the province of East Kalimantan of Indonesia in the south...
and SingaporeSingaporeSingapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the...
(Church of the Province of South East AsiaChurch of the Province of South East AsiaThe Church of the Province of South East Asia, a member church of the Anglican Communion, was created in 1996, comprising the four dioceses of Kuching, Sabah, Singapore and West Malaysia...
)
Diócesis de Chile (Diocese of Chile)
- Diocesan bishop — The Right Reverend Héctor Zavala Muñoz (Presiding Bishop and Primate)
- Assistant bishop — The Right Reverend Abelino Manuel Apeleo
- Link dioceses — Episcopal Diocese of Rio Grande and Episcopal Diocese of Pittsburgh
Diócesis de Paraguay (Diocese of Paraguay)
- Diocesan bishop — The Right Reverend Peter Bartlett
- Auxiliary Bishop - The Right Reverend Andrès Rodriguez
- Link diocese — Diocese of NelsonDiocese of NelsonThe Diocese of Nelson is one of the thirteen dioceses and hui amorangi of the Anglican Church in Aotearoa, New Zealand and Polynesia. The Diocese covers the top part of the South Island of New Zealand, which is mostly the area north of a line drawn from Greymouth to Kaikoura.The diocese was...
Diócesis de Perú (Diocese of Peru)
- Diocesan bishop — The Right Reverend Harold William Godfrey
- Link diocese — Anglican Diocese of WorcesterAnglican Diocese of WorcesterThe Diocese of Worcester forms part of the Province of Canterbury in England.The diocese was founded in around 679 by St Theodore of Canterbury at Worcester to minister to the kingdom of the Hwicce, one of the many Anglo Saxon petty-kingdoms of that time...
Diócesis de Uruguay (Diocese of Uruguay)
- Diocesan bishop — The Right Reverend Miguel Tamayo
- Link dioceses — Episcopal Diocese of VirginiaEpiscopal Diocese of VirginiaThe Diocese of Virginia is a diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America encompassing 38 counties in the northern and central parts of the state of Virginia. The diocese was organized in 1785 and is one of the Episcopal Church's nine original dioceses. However, the diocese has...
and Episcopal Church of Cuba
Extra-provincial jurisdictions
The bishops and a number of communicants of four dioceses in the United StatesUnited States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
—the Anglican Diocese of San Joaquin
Anglican Diocese of San Joaquin
This article is about the Anglican Diocese of San Joaquin in the Anglican Church in North America . For the diocese of the Episcopal Church, see Episcopal Diocese of San Joaquin....
, Anglican Diocese of Pittsburgh, the Episcopal Diocese of Fort Worth
Episcopal Diocese of Fort Worth (Southern Cone)
The Episcopal Diocese of Fort Worth, a diocese of the Anglican Church in North America, is headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas, and comprises 58 congregations. The diocese is led by Bishop Jack Iker, SSC...
and the Diocese of Quincy—have voted in their conventions to separate from the Episcopal Church and affiliate "on an emergency and temporary basis" with the Anglican Church of the Southern Cone of America. Those who have chosen to remain in the Episcopal Church in the United States have reformed their dioceses and have elected new leadership; the Episcopal Church is pursuing legal action to try and recover assets held by the dioceses that realigned.
In Canada, 19 parishes in Canada have formed the Anglican Network in Canada
Anglican Network in Canada
The Anglican Network in Canada is a Canadian church established in 2005 under the jurisdiction of the Anglican Province of the Southern Cone, a province of the Anglican Communion...
and describe themselves as an "ecclesial body under the jurisdiction of the Anglican Province of the Southern Cone".
The province also claims one diocese in Brazil, the Diocese of Recife (Dioceso do Recife) under Bishop Cavalcanti
Cavalcanti
Cavalcanti is an Italian surname, also common in Brazil where it is used by people of ancient Italian origin. In Italy and Brazil the variant Cavalcante is also used. The family came to Brazil in 1560...
. This is not to be confused with the Diocese Anglicana do Recife which is a member of the Anglican Episcopal Church of Brazil.
The status of all the dioceses and ecclesiastical bodies outside Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay is disputed by some Anglicans. The arguments against claim that overlapping episcopal jurisdiction goes against Anglican polity and tradition; while those arguing in favor claim that while rare, there exist a number of examples of similar realignments throughout Anglican and Christian history.
External links
- http://www.anglicanos.net/portal/ (unofficial site approved by the Province of the Southern Cone)(very out of date, under reconstruction)
- http://www.anglicanaargentina.org.ar/ (official website of the Iglesia Anglicana Argentina, Diocese of Argentina)
- Iglesia Anglicana Episcopal de Bolivia (Anglican Episcopal Church in Bolivia)
- South American Missionary Society
- Iglesia Anglicana de Chile (Anglican Church of Chile)
- Iglesia Anglicana del Uruguay (Anglican Church of Uruguay)
- The Anglican Church in Paraguay