Honor of Clitheroe
Encyclopedia
Manorialism
Manorialism, an essential element of feudal society, was the organizing principle of rural economy that originated in the villa system of the Late Roman Empire, was widely practiced in medieval western and parts of central Europe, and was slowly replaced by the advent of a money-based market...
and royal forest
Royal forest
A royal forest is an area of land with different meanings in England, Wales and Scotland; the term forest does not mean forest as it is understood today, as an area of densely wooded land...
s centred on Clitheroe Castle
Clitheroe Castle
Clitheroe Castle in Clitheroe, Lancashire, England is a motte and bailey castle built in a natural carboniferous limestone outcrop, .It has been suggested that Clitheroe Castle may have been first built before 1086 as there is reference to the "castellatu Rogerii pictaviensis" in the Domesday Book....
in Lancashire
Lancashire
Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England. It takes its name from the city of Lancaster, and is sometimes known as the County of Lancaster. Although Lancaster is still considered to be the county town, Lancashire County Council is based in Preston...
, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
; an honour traditionally being the grant of a large landholding complex, not all of whose parts are contiguous. In the case of Clitheroe, this complex was loosely based around the ancient wapentake of Blackburnshire
Blackburnshire
Blackburnshire was a hundred, or ancient division of the county of Lancashire, in northern England. It was centred on Blackburn, and covered an area approximately equal to modern day East Lancashire....
.
History
Prior to the Norman Conquest, the lands of BlackburnshireBlackburnshire
Blackburnshire was a hundred, or ancient division of the county of Lancashire, in northern England. It was centred on Blackburn, and covered an area approximately equal to modern day East Lancashire....
were held by Edward the Confessor
Edward the Confessor
Edward the Confessor also known as St. Edward the Confessor , son of Æthelred the Unready and Emma of Normandy, was one of the last Anglo-Saxon kings of England and is usually regarded as the last king of the House of Wessex, ruling from 1042 to 1066....
, while Bowland
Forest of Bowland
The Forest of Bowland, also known as the Bowland Fells, is an area of barren gritstone fells, deep valleys and peat moorland, mostly in north-east Lancashire, England. A small part lies in North Yorkshire, and much of the area was historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire...
was held by Tostig, son of Godwin
Godwin
-People:Arts and entertainment* Edward William Godwin , English architect* Fay Godwin , British photographer* Frank Godwin , American illustrator, creator of Connie comic strip...
, Earl of Wessex
Earl of Wessex
The title Earl of Wessex has been created twice in British history, once in the pre-Conquest Anglo-Saxon nobility of England and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom...
. In 1092, Roger de Poitou acquired a large part of what is now Lancashire
Lancashire
Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England. It takes its name from the city of Lancaster, and is sometimes known as the County of Lancaster. Although Lancaster is still considered to be the county town, Lancashire County Council is based in Preston...
, including the hundred of Blackburnshire.
By the end of the 11th century, Poitou's landholdings had been confiscated and come into the possession of the De Lacy
De Lacy
de Lacy is the surname of an old Norman noble family originating from Lassy . The first records are about Hugh de Lacy . Descendent of Hugh de Lacy left Normandy and travelled to England along with William the Conqueror. Walter and Ilbert de Lacy fought in the battle of Hastings...
s, Lords of Pontefract
Pontefract Castle
Pontefract Castle is a castle in the town of Pontefract, in the City of Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England. It was the site of the demise of Richard II of England, and later the place of a series of famous sieges during the English Civil War-History:...
and Bowland. In 1102, Henry I
Henry I of England
Henry I was the fourth son of William I of England. He succeeded his elder brother William II as King of England in 1100 and defeated his eldest brother, Robert Curthose, to become Duke of Normandy in 1106...
granted the fee of Blackburnshire and further holdings in Hornby, and the vills of Chipping
Chipping, Lancashire
Chipping is a village and civil parish of the borough of Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England, within the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. In the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 1,046....
, Aighton and Dutton
Dutton, Lancashire
Dutton is a civil parish in the Borough of Ribble Valley in the English county of Lancashire, its principal settlement being the hamlet of Lower Dutton.The parish is northeast of Ribchester.- External links :*...
in Amounderness
Amounderness
Amounderness was a hundred of Lancashire in North West England. Formerly, the name had been used for territories now in Lancashire and north of the River Ribble that had been included in Domesday Yorkshire.-Etymology and history:...
to Robert de Lacy, while confirming his possession of Bowland. These lands formed the basis of what became known as the Honour of Clitheroe.
In 1205, Roger de Lacy purchased the barony of Penwortham
Penwortham
-Landmarks:Penwortham Priory was built for the Rawsthorne family and redesigned by the Cumbrian architect George Webster. The priory was demolished due to the rapid expansion of the area and the need for new housing...
and by 1212, he had added the manor of Rochdale
Rochdale
Rochdale is a large market town in Greater Manchester, England. It lies amongst the foothills of the Pennines on the River Roch, north-northwest of Oldham, and north-northeast of the city of Manchester. Rochdale is surrounded by several smaller settlements which together form the Metropolitan...
. In 1235, his son John de Lacy
John de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln
John de Lacy was the 2nd Earl of Lincoln, of the fourth creation.-Background:He was the eldest son and heir of Roger de Lacy and his wife, Maud or Matilda de Clere .-Public life:...
, acquired the fee of Tottington
Tottington, Greater Manchester
Tottington is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Bury, in Greater Manchester, England.Historically a part of Lancashire, Tottington's early history is marked by its status as an important Medieval fee, a type of Royal Manor which encompassed several townships...
from Henry de Monewden. The Honour passed by marriage from the De Lacy
De Lacy
de Lacy is the surname of an old Norman noble family originating from Lassy . The first records are about Hugh de Lacy . Descendent of Hugh de Lacy left Normandy and travelled to England along with William the Conqueror. Walter and Ilbert de Lacy fought in the battle of Hastings...
s to Thomas, Earl of Lancaster in 1311 and subsequently, was incorporated into the Duchy of Lancaster
Duchy of Lancaster
The Duchy of Lancaster is one of the two royal duchies in England, the other being the Duchy of Cornwall. It is held in trust for the Sovereign, and is used to provide income for the use of the British monarch...
. The honour had been among the lands acquired by Queen Isabella
Isabella of France
Isabella of France , sometimes described as the She-wolf of France, was Queen consort of England as the wife of Edward II of England. She was the youngest surviving child and only surviving daughter of Philip IV of France and Joan I of Navarre...
in 1327, after she deposed Edward II
Edward II of England
Edward II , called Edward of Caernarfon, was King of England from 1307 until he was deposed by his wife Isabella in January 1327. He was the sixth Plantagenet king, in a line that began with the reign of Henry II...
.
In 1507, King Henry VII
Henry VII of England
Henry VII was King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizing the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death on 21 April 1509, as the first monarch of the House of Tudor....
's Act of Disafforestation was a response to growing encroachment on the Royal Forests and paved the way for increased settlement within the Forests of Accrington
Accrington
Accrington is a town in Lancashire, within the borough of Hyndburn. It lies about east of Blackburn, west of Burnley, north of Manchester city centre and is situated on the mostly culverted River Hyndburn...
, Bowland, Pendle
Pendle
Pendle is a local government district and borough of Lancashire, England. It adjoins the Lancashire boroughs of Burnley and Ribble Valley, the North Yorkshire district of Craven and the West Yorkshire districts of Calderdale and the City of Bradford...
, Rossendale
Rossendale
Rossendale is a local government district with borough status. It is made up of a number of small former mill towns in Lancashire, England centered around the valley of the River Irwell in the industrial North West...
and Trawden
Trawden
Trawden is a medium sized village in Trawden Forest Parish of Pendle, Lancashire, England, situated at the foot of Boulsworth Hill. Agriculture was the main industry of the village and surrounding area, although it did have several mills. Most of these have now been demolished for, or converted to...
. In 1625, Charles I
Charles I of England
Charles I was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles engaged in a struggle for power with the Parliament of England, attempting to obtain royal revenue whilst Parliament sought to curb his Royal prerogative which Charles...
sold Rochdale
Rochdale
Rochdale is a large market town in Greater Manchester, England. It lies amongst the foothills of the Pennines on the River Roch, north-northwest of Oldham, and north-northeast of the city of Manchester. Rochdale is surrounded by several smaller settlements which together form the Metropolitan...
to trustees for the Earl of Holderness, and in 1628, the manor of Penwortham
Penwortham
-Landmarks:Penwortham Priory was built for the Rawsthorne family and redesigned by the Cumbrian architect George Webster. The priory was demolished due to the rapid expansion of the area and the need for new housing...
was also sold.
In 1661, King Charles II
Charles II of England
Charles II was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.Charles II's father, King Charles I, was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War...
granted the Honour to General George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle
George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle
George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, KG was an English soldier and politician and a key figure in the restoration of Charles II.-Early life and career:...
, in recognition of his support during the Restoration. It then followed the inheritance of the Dukes of Albemarle, Dukes of Montagu and finally, the Dukes of Buccleuch. In 1827,the 5th Duke of Buccleuch inherited the Honour through his grandmother, the 3rd Duchess, but this was entailed
Fee tail
At common law, fee tail or entail is an estate of inheritance in real property which cannot be sold, devised by will, or otherwise alienated by the owner, but which passes by operation of law to the owner's heirs upon his death...
upon his uncle, Henry James Montagu-Scott, 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton
Baron Montagu of Boughton
The title of Baron Montagu of Boughton was first created in 1621, in the Peerage of England, for Sir Edward Montagu, eldest son of Sir Edward Montagu of Boughton Castle and grandson of another Sir Edward Montagu who had been Lord Chief Justice during the reign of Henry VIII...
. In 1835, the Bowland portion was sold to Peregrine Towneley.
Lord Henry Douglas-Scott-Montagu, great-nephew of the 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton
Baron Montagu of Boughton
The title of Baron Montagu of Boughton was first created in 1621, in the Peerage of England, for Sir Edward Montagu, eldest son of Sir Edward Montagu of Boughton Castle and grandson of another Sir Edward Montagu who had been Lord Chief Justice during the reign of Henry VIII...
, and second son of the 5th Duke of Buccleuch, inherited the Honour in 1845. In 1896, he set up the Clitheroe Estate Company as a vehicle for the exploitation of coal and other mineral wealth, within the lands of the Honour. The 1938 Coal Act
Coal Act 1938
The Coal Act 1938 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that created the Coal Commission. Criticized for its inconsistencies, the Act was repealed, by degrees, over the next several decades.-Act:...
and subsequent nationalisation of the British coal industry led to the voluntary winding-up of the Company in 1945. In April that year, Tory MP Ralph Assheton
Ralph Assheton
Ralph Assheton may refer to:* Sir Ralph Assheton , 15th Century Noble, also known as 'The Black Knight'* Sir Ralph Assheton , MP for Clitheroe 1640–1653, 1659–1662, 1679–1680...
, later 1st Baron Clitheroe
Baron Clitheroe
Baron Clitheroe of Downham in the County of Lancaster is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1955 for the Conservative politician Ralph Assheton, who had previously served as Financial Secretary to the Treasury...
, bought the residue of the land holdings from the Company for £12,500. Since 1945, the Barons Clitheroe
Baron Clitheroe
Baron Clitheroe of Downham in the County of Lancaster is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1955 for the Conservative politician Ralph Assheton, who had previously served as Financial Secretary to the Treasury...
have styled themselves Lords of the Honour of Clitheroe; more formally, their legal style of address being "Lords of the Various Manors and Forests within the Honour of Clitheroe".
Governance
Before the Tenures Abolition Act of 1660Tenures Abolition Act 1660
The Tenures Abolition Act 1660 was an Act of Parliament of the Parliament of England passed in 1660. The long title of the Act was An act for taking away the Court of Wards and liveries, and tenures in capite, and by knights-service, and purveyance, and for settling a revenue upon his Majesty in...
, which effectively introduced the concept of freehold into English law, the Lord of the Honour was lord paramount
Lord Paramount
Paramount , is the highest authority, or that being of the greatest importance...
over all the mesne
Mesne
Mesne , middle or intermediate, an adjective used in several legal phrases....
lords of the Honour. He exercised governance of the Honour through manorial and forest courts.
The Great Court Leet
Court leet
The court leet was a historical court baron of England and Wales and Ireland that exercised the "view of frankpledge" and its attendant police jurisdiction, which was normally restricted to the hundred courts.-History:...
for Blackburnshire
Blackburnshire
Blackburnshire was a hundred, or ancient division of the county of Lancashire, in northern England. It was centred on Blackburn, and covered an area approximately equal to modern day East Lancashire....
was originally held every three weeks at Clitheroe Castle
Clitheroe Castle
Clitheroe Castle in Clitheroe, Lancashire, England is a motte and bailey castle built in a natural carboniferous limestone outcrop, .It has been suggested that Clitheroe Castle may have been first built before 1086 as there is reference to the "castellatu Rogerii pictaviensis" in the Domesday Book....
, with the Steward of the Honour presiding. It had jurisdiction over the mesne manors of the Wapentake of Blackburn and within the Borough of Clitheroe, but not within the demesne
Demesne
In the feudal system the demesne was all the land, not necessarily all contiguous to the manor house, which was retained by a lord of the manor for his own use and support, under his own management, as distinguished from land sub-enfeoffed by him to others as sub-tenants...
manors, such as Slaidburn
Slaidburn
Slaidburn is a village and civil parish within the Ribble Valley district of Lancashire, England. With a population in 2001 of just under 300, it covers just over 5000 acres of the Forest of Bowland...
in the Forest of Bowland
Forest of Bowland
The Forest of Bowland, also known as the Bowland Fells, is an area of barren gritstone fells, deep valleys and peat moorland, mostly in north-east Lancashire, England. A small part lies in North Yorkshire, and much of the area was historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire...
, which convened their own halmote (manorial) courts.
The forest
Royal forest
A royal forest is an area of land with different meanings in England, Wales and Scotland; the term forest does not mean forest as it is understood today, as an area of densely wooded land...
areas within the Honour were governed under forest law and jurisdiction was exercised through woodmote and swainmote courts. In the main, these appear to have been held at the demesne manor closest to the forest in question. The Forest of Bowland was a notable exception. In Bowland, for historic reasons, a strict jurisdictional divide was observed between governance of the Forest of Bowland which was centred on Whitewell
Whitewell
Whitewell is a hamlet within the Ribble Valley borough of Lancashire, England, in the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Historically, it lay on the border of the former West Riding of Yorkshire. It stands above a picturesque bend in the River Hodder.The hamlet comprises Upper...
and governance of the Liberty of Bowland centred on Slaidburn. This was a consequence of the shift of the caput
Caput baroniae
In English customs, the Caput baroniae was the ancient, or chief seat or castle of a nobleman, which was not to be divided among the daughters, in case there be no son to inherit. Instead, it was to descend entirely to the eldest daughter, caeteris filiabus aliunde satisfactis....
of the Lordship of Bowland
Lordship of Bowland
The Lordship of Bowland, an ancient English title connected with the Forest of Bowland in the northwest of England, was once thought lost and was only recently rediscovered. It disappeared from sight in 1885 when the estates of the Towneleys, one of Lancashire’s great aristocratic families, were...
from Grindleton to Slaidburn in the second half of the fourteenth century.
Manorial courts fell into disuse in the early 1920s; forest law was only repealed in the 1970s but in the case of Bowland, its forest courts had effectively ceased to operate during the 1830s.
Manors and Forests within the Honour
Through subinfeudationSubinfeudation
In English law, subinfeudation is the practice by which tenants, holding land under the king or other superior lord, carved out new and distinct tenures in their turn by sub-letting or alienating a part of their lands....
, the manorial structure of the Honour shifted over the course of nine centuries. Whitaker in Chapter 2 of his 1872 History of Whalley, Vol 1, p. 238, claims there were 28 manors within the Honour on the basis that these were all the manors of Blackburnshire
Blackburnshire
Blackburnshire was a hundred, or ancient division of the county of Lancashire, in northern England. It was centred on Blackburn, and covered an area approximately equal to modern day East Lancashire....
.
Manors
- SlaidburnSlaidburnSlaidburn is a village and civil parish within the Ribble Valley district of Lancashire, England. With a population in 2001 of just under 300, it covers just over 5000 acres of the Forest of Bowland...
sold in 1835; reincorporated into Honour in 1950, comprising:
- Land in Slaidburn, West BradfordWest BradfordWest Bradford may refer to:*West Bradford Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania*West Bradford, Lancashire*Bradford West...
, Grindleton and Newton-in-Bowland- AccringtonAccringtonAccrington is a town in Lancashire, within the borough of Hyndburn. It lies about east of Blackburn, west of Burnley, north of Manchester city centre and is situated on the mostly culverted River Hyndburn...
(later known as Accrington Old Hold), comprising:
- Accrington
- Land in Accrington and OswaldtwistleOswaldtwistleOswaldtwistle is a town within the Hyndburn borough of Lancashire, England. It lies on the course of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal, east-southeast of Blackburn and is contiguous to Accrington.-History:...
, and the dependent manors of HaslingdenHaslingdenHaslingden is a small town in Rossendale, Lancashire, England. It is north of Manchester. The name means 'valley of the hazels', though the town is in fact set on a high and windy hill. In the early 20th century Haslingden had the status of a municipal borough, but following local government...
and HuncoatHuncoatHuncoat is a small village in Lancashire, England; situated in the North West. It is located to the east of Accrington.Huncoat railway station is on the East Lancashire Line.-Origins:...
- Accrington New Hold, created in 1507, comprising:
- The remnant of the Forests of Accrington and Rossendale
- ColneColneColne is the second largest town and civil parish in the Borough of Pendle in Lancashire, England, with a population of 20,118. It lies at the eastern end of the M65, 6 miles north-east of Burnley, with Nelson immediately adjacent, in the Aire Gap with two main roads leading into the Yorkshire...
, comprising:
- Colne
- Land in Colne, FoulridgeFoulridgeFoulridge is a small village and civil parish in Pendle, Lancashire, close to the border with North Yorkshire in England. It is situated just beyond Colne, on the route from the M65 to Skipton, and is an important stopping point on summit pound of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal, just before it...
and Great Marsden- IghtenhillIghtenhillIghtenhill is a civil parish in the Borough of Burnley in Lancashire, England, with a population of 1,512. It is also considered to be a district of the town of Burnley, with boundaries that do not follow those of the parish....
, comprising:
- Ightenhill
- Land in Ightenhill, BriercliffeBriercliffeBriercliffe is a civil parish in the borough of Burnley, in Lancashire, England. It is situated north of Burnley....
, BurnleyBurnleyBurnley is a market town in the Burnley borough of Lancashire, England, with a population of around 73,500. It lies north of Manchester and east of Preston, at the confluence of the River Calder and River Brun....
, Habergham EavesHabergham EavesHabergham Eaves is a civil parish in the borough of Burnley, in Lancashire, England. The parish consists of a rural area south of Burnley, and suburban areas on the outskirts of the town, including a large industrial estate in the north-west corner of the parish. Habergham is also the name of an...
, Little Marsden, PadihamPadihamPadiham is a small town and civil parish on the River Calder, about west of Burnley and south of Pendle Hill, in Lancashire, England. It is part of the Borough of Burnley but also has its own town council with varied powers.-History:...
and HeyhousesSabdenSabden is a village and civil parish in Ribble Valley, and the Forest of Pendle, Lancashire.-Location:Sabden is located south of Pendle Hill, in a valley about north-west of Padiham.-Demographics:In the 2001 census, Sabden had a population of 1,371....
- ChatburnChatburnChatburn is a village located in the Ribble Valley, East Lancashire, England. It is situated in a hollow between two ridges north-east of Clitheroe, just off the A59 road. It lies near Pendle Hill, which is to the east of the village. The River Ribble flows to the west of the town...
, WorstonWorstonWorston is a small linear village and civil parish in Lancashire, England. The village is north-west of Pendle Hill, east of Clitheroe, and is in the Ribble Valley district. As it is only a small village, with a population of 76 as of the 2001 census, it has no parish council, but instead has a...
and PendletonPendleton-Places:United States*Pendleton, Indiana*Pendleton, Missouri*Pendleton, New York*Pendleton, Oregon*Pendleton, South Carolina*Pendleton County, Kentucky*Pendleton, Texas*Pendleton County, West Virginia*Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton, Oceanside, California...
- Chatburn
- Originally separate manors, but more recently joined as one.
- RochdaleRochdaleRochdale is a large market town in Greater Manchester, England. It lies amongst the foothills of the Pennines on the River Roch, north-northwest of Oldham, and north-northeast of the city of Manchester. Rochdale is surrounded by several smaller settlements which together form the Metropolitan...
purchased 1212; sold 1625 - TottingtonTottington, Greater ManchesterTottington is a town within the Metropolitan Borough of Bury, in Greater Manchester, England.Historically a part of Lancashire, Tottington's early history is marked by its status as an important Medieval fee, a type of Royal Manor which encompassed several townships...
acquired 1235 - PenworthamPenwortham-Landmarks:Penwortham Priory was built for the Rawsthorne family and redesigned by the Cumbrian architect George Webster. The priory was demolished due to the rapid expansion of the area and the need for new housing...
purchased 1205; sold 1628 - DownhamDownham, LancashireDownham is a village and civil parish in Lancashire, England. It is in the Ribble Valley district and as of the United Kingdom 2001 census has a population of 156. The village is on the north side of Pendle Hill off the A59 road about from Clitheroe....
sold in 1558; reincorporated into Honour in 1945 - Wapentake of Blackburn, comprising:
- Rochdale
- Land in ClitheroeClitheroeClitheroe is a town and civil parish in the Borough of Ribble Valley in Lancashire, England. It is 1½ miles from the Forest of Bowland and is often used as a base for tourists in the area. It has a population of 14,697...
, ChippingChipping, LancashireChipping is a village and civil parish of the borough of Ribble Valley, Lancashire, England, within the Forest of Bowland Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. In the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 1,046....
, ClivigerClivigerCliviger is a civil parish within the Borough of Burnley, in Lancashire, England. It is situated to the southeast of Burnley, and northwest of Todmorden and has a population of 2,350...
, Read, SimonstoneSimonstoneSimonstone may refer to:*Simonstone, Lancashire*Simonstone, North Yorkshire...
and Blackburn
Forests
- Forest of BowlandForest of BowlandThe Forest of Bowland, also known as the Bowland Fells, is an area of barren gritstone fells, deep valleys and peat moorland, mostly in north-east Lancashire, England. A small part lies in North Yorkshire, and much of the area was historically part of the West Riding of Yorkshire...
sold 1835 - Forest of BlackburnshireBlackburnshireBlackburnshire was a hundred, or ancient division of the county of Lancashire, in northern England. It was centred on Blackburn, and covered an area approximately equal to modern day East Lancashire....
, comprising:
- Forest of TrawdenTrawden ForestTrawden Forest is a civil parish in the English county of Lancashire.Trawden Forest forms part of the borough of Pendle; its main community is Trawden formerly called Beardshaw....
- Forest of PendlePendlePendle is a local government district and borough of Lancashire, England. It adjoins the Lancashire boroughs of Burnley and Ribble Valley, the North Yorkshire district of Craven and the West Yorkshire districts of Calderdale and the City of Bradford...
- Forest of Rossendale - Cowpe, Lench, and MusburyMusbury ValleyThe Musbury Valley is a small valley in the east Pennines, west of Helmshore and Haslingden in Rossendale, Lancashire. The valley is very picturesque and includes a variety of landscapes, mostly sheep pasture and moors but there are some patches of beautiful woodland here and there.Most of the...
where added to the forest after the acquisition of Tottington. - Forest of AccringtonAccringtonAccrington is a town in Lancashire, within the borough of Hyndburn. It lies about east of Blackburn, west of Burnley, north of Manchester city centre and is situated on the mostly culverted River Hyndburn...
(became Manor of Accrington New Hold after 1507) - HoddlesdenHoddlesdenHoddlesden is a village in the unitary borough of Blackburn with Darwen, in Lancashire, England. The village has a population of approximately 1,300. It is in the borough's East Rural ward, and is situated east of Darwen...
(including Yate Bank and Pickup BankYate and Pickup BankYate and Pickup Bank is a civil parish in the Borough of Blackburn with Darwen, Lancashire, England. The parish contains two hamlets, Bank Fold and Pickup Bank, and part of the village of Belthorn, which is on the boundary with Hyndburn. It has boundaries with the parish of Eccleshill to the...
)- Originally on the western edge of the Forest of Rossendale, due to the development of HaslingdenHaslingdenHaslingden is a small town in Rossendale, Lancashire, England. It is north of Manchester. The name means 'valley of the hazels', though the town is in fact set on a high and windy hill. In the early 20th century Haslingden had the status of a municipal borough, but following local government...
, HoddlesdenHoddlesdenHoddlesden is a village in the unitary borough of Blackburn with Darwen, in Lancashire, England. The village has a population of approximately 1,300. It is in the borough's East Rural ward, and is situated east of Darwen...
was cut off from the main body of the forest by the late thirteenth century. In 1296, it is recorded as a single vaccary (medieval cattle farm), and seems to have continued as such until the disafforesting.
Stewards of the Honour of Clitheroe
Stewards of the Honour of Clitheroe were traditionally based at Clitheroe CastleClitheroe Castle
Clitheroe Castle in Clitheroe, Lancashire, England is a motte and bailey castle built in a natural carboniferous limestone outcrop, .It has been suggested that Clitheroe Castle may have been first built before 1086 as there is reference to the "castellatu Rogerii pictaviensis" in the Domesday Book....
in an office where the Castle Museum now stands. Before the twentieth century, they were known as Gentlemen Stewards of the Honour of Clitheroe and are traditionally appointed by deed poll
Deed poll
A deed poll is a legal document binding only to a single person or several persons acting jointly to express an active intention...
:
- Laurence Robinson (fl.1750)
- John Barcroft (fl. 1780)
- Martin Richardson (fl. 1800)
- William Carr (fl. 1810)
- Thomas Carr (fl. 1825)
- Dixon RobinsonDixon RobinsonDixon Robinson was an English lawyer, Gentleman Steward of the Honour of Clitheroe and philanthropist in the Nineteenth Century.He was born on 17 June 1795 at Chatburn, Lancashire, third son of Josias Robinson and Susanna Dixon .-The Lancashire Lawyer:He became a partner in the firm of Carr and...
(fl. 1850) - Arthur Ingram Robinson (fl. 1890)
- Frederick Dixon Robinson (fl. 1920)
- Arthur John Dixon Robinson (fl. 1940)
- Geoffrey Nicholas Robinson (fl. 1960)
- Kenneth Shaw (fl.1975)
- Robert Michael Parkinson (fl. 2000)
- Brian Rawson Rycroft (appointed 2010)
In recent years, the Steward of the Honour has been a partner at Clitheroe-based land agent Ingham & Yorke. From 1991, the Steward was Michael Parkinson. Although Parkinson formally retired in 2010, he remains actively involved in the work of the Honour.
Further reading
- Thomas Dunham WhitakerThomas Dunham WhitakerThomas Dunham Whitaker was an English clergyman and topographer.-Life:Born at Rainham on 8 June 1759, he was son of William Whitaker , curate of Rainham, Norfolk, by his wife Lucy, daughter of Robert Dunham, and widow of Ambrose Allen...
, An History of the Original Parish of Whalley, and Honor of Clitheroe, 1818 Full text at archive.org - Farrer and Brownbill, The Victoria History of the County of Lancaster Vol 1, 1906 Full text at archive.org
- William Farrer, The Court Rolls of the Honor of Clitheroe in the County of Lancaster Vol 1, 1897 Full text at archive.org
- William Farrer, The Court Rolls of the Honor of Clitheroe in the County of Lancaster Vol 2, 1897 Full text at archive.org
- William Farrer, The Court Rolls of the Honor of Clitheroe in the County of Lancaster Vol 3, 1897 Full text at archive.org
- Chetham society, Three Lancashire Documents of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries... (inc. The Great de Lacy Inquisition, Feb. 16, 1311) Full text at Google Books
- Thomas Newbigging, History of the Forest of Rossendale, 1893 Full text at archive.org