Feinberg School of Medicine
Encyclopedia
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, located in the Streeterville
Streeterville
Streeterville is a neighborhood in the Near North Side community area of Chicago, Illinois, United States, north of the Chicago River in Cook County...

 neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois and situated near Lake Michigan
Lake Michigan
Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America and the only one located entirely within the United States. It is the second largest of the Great Lakes by volume and the third largest by surface area, after Lake Superior and Lake Huron...

 and the Magnificent Mile
Magnificent Mile
The Magnificent Mile, sometimes referred to as The Mag Mile, is a neighborhood in Chicago, Illinois, that runs along a portion of Michigan Avenue extending from the Chicago River to Oak Street in the Near North Side community area. The district is located adjacent to downtown; it is also one block...

, is one of Northwestern University
Northwestern University
Northwestern University is a private research university in Evanston and Chicago, Illinois, USA. Northwestern has eleven undergraduate, graduate, and professional schools offering 124 undergraduate degrees and 145 graduate and professional degrees....

's 11 schools and colleges. The medical school offers a full-time Doctor of Medicine degree program, multiple joint degree programs, graduate medical education, and continuing medical education.

The mission of the school, a $1.2 billion enterprise, is to educate the next generation of physicians. A research-intensive American medical school
Medical school
A medical school is a tertiary educational institution—or part of such an institution—that teaches medicine. Degree programs offered at medical schools often include Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine, Bachelor/Doctor of Medicine, Doctor of Philosophy, master's degree, or other post-secondary...

, it consistently receives high marks in U.S. News & World Report surveys. It also is committed to patient care and community service. The school employs nearly 4,000 faculty members, many of whom have earned national and international prominence. With its affiliates, it provides patient care to thousands of individuals every year.

History

Originally founded as the medical department of Lind University in 1859 and renamed the Chicago Medical College in 1863, the school affiliated with Northwestern University in 1870. In 1891, the name was changed to Northwestern University Medical School. It had occupied buildings on the near south side of Chicago from 1870 until the Ward Building was constructed downtown.

Northwestern University Medical School was renamed the Feinberg School of Medicine in 2002, reflecting a $75 million donation from the Joseph and Bessie Feinberg Foundation. Reuben Feinberg started to donate to the university after being hospitalized at Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Northwestern Memorial Hospital is one of the nation's preeminent academic medical centers and is the primary teaching hospital for Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine. It is the second tallest hospital in the United States and the fourth tallest hospital in the world...

 for a heart attack. The first donation, in 1988, was for $17 million to establish the Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute. A $10 million donation was subsequently sent in 1996 to establish the Frances Evelyn Feinberg Clinical Neurosciences Institute.

Northwestern also had another medical school at one time. This began independently as the Women's Hospital Medical College in 1871. It later changed its name to the Chicago Women's Medical College and after becoming part of Northwestern University was Northwestern University Women's Medical School.

Education

The Feinberg School of Medicine is part of the McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University
McGaw Medical Center
The McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University is a consortium of urban, suburban, specialized, and general hospitals and Northwestern University...

, one of the nation's leading academic medical centers focused on research, education and clinical services. Other McGaw members include Children's Memorial Hospital
Children's Memorial Hospital
Children's Memorial Hospital in Chicago, Illinois is a pediatric hospital. The main hospital is located in the Lincoln Park neighborhood on the north side of the city. With more than 1,100 physicians on staff and approximately 4,000 employees, Children’s Memorial focuses on 70 specialties in 17...

, Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Northwestern Memorial Hospital is one of the nation's preeminent academic medical centers and is the primary teaching hospital for Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine. It is the second tallest hospital in the United States and the fourth tallest hospital in the world...

, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago
Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago
The Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago , ranked the "#1 Rehabilitation in America" by U.S. News & World Report every year since 1991 is a rehabilitation hospital located in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It also operates a network of alliance hospitals and outpatient and day rehabilitation...

 and Jesse Brown VA Medical Center (formerly VA Chicago Health Care System). Medical students and residents receive their clinical training at these hospitals, where nearly all the attending staff members have faculty appointments at the Feinberg School of Medicine. Residents may also train at affiliates such as John H. Stroger Jr Hospital of Cook County, Norwegian American Hospital and the Erie Family Health Center, MacNeal Hospital and Methodist Hospital, Gary, Indiana.

The medical school's primary teaching hospital is Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Northwestern Memorial Hospital
Northwestern Memorial Hospital is one of the nation's preeminent academic medical centers and is the primary teaching hospital for Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine. It is the second tallest hospital in the United States and the fourth tallest hospital in the world...

, a 2200000 square feet (204,386.7 m²) modern hospital that was completed in 1999. The Feinberg Pavilion, the inpatient tower, partially reflects a $10 million donation from Feinberg. Prior to this $600 million addition to the Chicago skyline, the teaching hospitals were built in 1865. Films such as While You Were Sleeping
While You Were Sleeping
While You Were Sleeping is a 1995 romantic comedy film directed by Jon Turteltaub and written by Daniel G. Sullivan and Frederic Lebow. It stars Sandra Bullock as Lucy, a Chicago Transit Authority token collector and Bill Pullman as Jack, the brother of a man whose life she saves, along with Peter...

were shot in the old Northwestern hospitals; the old, pictureless ID badges of Northwestern Memorial are clearly visible in the film.

The Feinberg School of Medicine is home to nearly 700 medical students. The class of students graduating in 2009 were the 150th graduating class. Some students matriculate from the Honors Program in Medical Education (HPME), a seven-year combined undergraduate and medical school program.

The Honors Program in Medical Education is geared toward high school seniors who have a strong desire to go into medicine. Typically, out of over 5,000 yearly applications, around 150-200 students are invited for an interview, and ultimately 15-40 students are granted admission. To reflect the diversity of undergraduate studies, three tracks are offered: one through the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, another through the McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and the final one through the School of Communication. Three years are spent at the undergraduate campus of Northwestern University before matriculating to the medical school.

In 1990, the Integrated Graduate Program (IGP) was established as an umbrella program for PhDs in both the basic science and clinical departments at the Feinberg School of Medicine. The program was created to provide interdisciplinary training in modern biomedical sciences. Students may choose to study within a variety of specializations such as cancer
Cancer
Cancer , known medically as a malignant neoplasm, is a large group of different diseases, all involving unregulated cell growth. In cancer, cells divide and grow uncontrollably, forming malignant tumors, and invade nearby parts of the body. The cancer may also spread to more distant parts of the...

 biology, pathology
Pathology
Pathology is the precise study and diagnosis of disease. The word pathology is from Ancient Greek , pathos, "feeling, suffering"; and , -logia, "the study of". Pathologization, to pathologize, refers to the process of defining a condition or behavior as pathological, e.g. pathological gambling....

 and neurobiology.

Curriculum

The first two years of the medical school curriculum is based on an organ-system approach; instead of taking traditional classes such as pharmacology or biochemistry, the students learn by an organ system, such as the gastrointestinal system, which includes relevant classes in anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, biochemistry and histology. The latter two years are structured like that of most U.S. medical schools. The third year consists of rotations through Internal Medicine, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Surgery and Primary Care, as well as shorter rotations through specialty clinics such as Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology, Anesthesiology and Urology. The fourth year typically is composed of rotations in Emergency Medicine, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, a subinternship in Internal Medicine or Pediatrics, and various electives.

Feinberg also offers dual degree programs, which combine the Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree with a Master of Public Health
Master of Public Health
The Master of Public Health and the Doctor of Public Health are multi-disciplinary professional degrees awarded for studies in areas related to public health....

 (MPH) or a Master of Arts
Master of Arts (postgraduate)
A Master of Arts from the Latin Magister Artium, is a type of Master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The M.A. is usually contrasted with the M.S. or M.Sc. degrees...

 in Medical Humanities and Bioethics. Students electing to pursue the additional degrees enroll in evening classes and graduate with both degrees after four years.

Research

According to public financial data for Feinberg, support for competitive research grants from all external sources totaled $324 million in academic year 2009-2010. In 2010, Feinberg ranked in the top quartile for NIH funding among American medical schools, and six departments ranked in the top 10 for NIH funding: Preventive Medicine (3), Physical Therapy (3), Urology (4), Dermatology (7), Ob/Gyn (7), and Physiology (8). The medical school houses 26 Core Facilities, including a Bioinformatics Consulting Core, Genomics Core and Human Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Core.

Rankings

The Feinberg School consistently ranks among the nation's top medical schools, and is currently ranked 19th among American medical research schools by U.S.News & World Report. In addition, the school is nationally ranked 13th among residency directors and 12th in student selectivity, reflecting an admissions acceptance rate of 6.5 percent of applicants.

Recent Growth

Northwestern University has a long-standing reputation for excellence in medical education, with a significant number of graduates holding leadership positions in academic medicine throughout the United States. Recent changes have further improved the caliber of biomedical research and clinical training at the Feinberg School of Medicine, as research space has grown 88 percent and education space 67 percent since 2000. The number of full-time faculty has also grown to over 1500, reflecting a 20 percent increase since 2000. The medical school's endowment topped $1 billion in 2005.

Prosthetics and Orthotics

The Feinberg School of Medicine also offers a post graduate certification program in both prosthetics
Prosthesis
In medicine, a prosthesis, prosthetic, or prosthetic limb is an artificial device extension that replaces a missing body part. It is part of the field of biomechatronics, the science of using mechanical devices with human muscle, skeleton, and nervous systems to assist or enhance motor control...

 and orthotics
Orthotics
Orthotics is a specialty within the medical field concerned with the design, manufacture and application of orthoses. An orthosis is an orthopedic device that supports or corrects the function of a limb or the torso...

. Northwestern University Prosthetics-Orthotics Center (NUPOC) was established in 1958 and is the oldest and largest in the northern hemisphere and is composed of both educational and research programs. Faculty, staff, and students often collaborate with the nearby Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago. The programs consist of didactic, laboratory instruction, and work with patient models in the following disciplines: anatomy, kinesiology, pathology, normal and pathological gait, biomechanics, material science, evaluation, measurement, impression procedures, components, alignment, fitting, and fabrication. It is accredited by the National Commission on Orthotics and Prosthetics Education (NCOPE)..

Notable alumni

  • Mary Harris Thompson, Class of 1870, ad eundem, first female surgeon in Chicago and the Midwest and first female surgeon at Cook County Hospital. Founder of the Mary Thomson Hospital
  • Franklin H. Martin, Class of 1880, founder of the American College of Surgeons and founding editor of Surgery, Gynecology, and Obstetrics
  • Daniel Hale Williams
    Daniel Hale Williams
    Daniel Hale Williams was an American surgeon. He was the first African-American cardiologist,and performed one of the first successful open-heart surgeries in the United States. He also founded Provident Hospital, the first non-segregated hospital in the United States.-Career:Williams was among...

    , Class of 1883, performed the first successful American open heart surgery; the only black charter member of the American College of Surgeons
  • Charles Horace Mayo
    Charles Horace Mayo
    -External links:*...

    , Class of 1888, founder of Mayo Clinic
    Mayo Clinic
    Mayo Clinic is a not-for-profit medical practice and medical research group specializing in treating difficult patients . Patients are referred to Mayo Clinic from across the U.S. and the world, and it is known for innovative and effective treatments. Mayo Clinic is known for being at the top of...

  • Carlos Montezuma
    Carlos Montezuma
    Carlos Montezuma or Wassaja was a Yavapai/Apache activist and a founding member of the Society of American Indians.- Biography :...

    , Class of 1889, one of the first Native Americans to receive a Doctor of Medicine degree from any school, and founder of the Society of American Indians
    Society of American Indians
    The Society of American Indians was a progressive group formed in Columbus, Ohio in 1911 by 50 Native Americans, most of them middle-class professional men and women. It was established to address the problems facing Native Americans, such as ways to improve health, education, civil rights, and...

  • Joseph Bolivar DeLee, Class of 1891, among the first American physicians to specialize in obstetrics and gynecology, author of major textbook, Principles and Practice of Obstetrics, for seven editions
  • Isaac Arthur Abt, Class of 1891, among the first American physicians to specialize in pediatrics, author of the major pediatric textbook in use during the first decades of the 20th century
  • Howard T. Ricketts
    Howard Taylor Ricketts
    Howard Taylor Ricketts was an American pathologist after whom the Rickettsiaceae family and the Rickettsiales are named....

    , Class of 1897, discovered bacteria of the genus Rickettsia, and identified the cause and methods of transmission of rocky mountain spotted fever
  • Allen B. Kanavel
    Allen B. Kanavel
    Allen B. Kanavel was an American surgeon remembered for describing Kanavel's sign. He graduated from the Northwestern University School of Medicine in 1899. He spent six months in Vienna, then spent his career at Cook County Hospital and the department of surgery at Northwestern University School...

    , Class of 1899, founder, regent and later president of the American College of Surgeons, internationally recognized as founder of modern hand and peripheral nerve surgery
  • Theodore K. Lawless
    Theodore K. Lawless
    Theodore K. Lawless was an American dermatologist, medical researcher, and philanthropist. He is known for work related to leprosy and syphilis. He also was involved in various charitable causes including Jewish causes. Related to the latter he created the Lawless Department of Dermatology in...

    , Class of 1919, African-American dermatologist and philanthropist; advanced the treatment of leprosy and syphilis
  • Alfred Bitini Xuma
    Alfred Bitini Xuma
    Dr Alfred Bitini Xuma, commonly referred to by his initials as Dr AB Xuma was a South African leader and activist and president-general of the African National Congress from 1940 to 1949...

    , Class of 1926, surgeon in Johannesburg and later president (1940-49) of the African National Congress, preceding Nelson Mandela. He was (1932) the first black South African to graduate from the London School of Tropical Diseases and Hygiene
  • J. Roscoe Miller
    J. Roscoe Miller
    James Roscoe Miller was the twelfth president of Northwestern University, serving between 1949 and 1970.During his tenure, Northwestern substantially increased the size of its Evanston campus, constructing many new buildings on adjacent land reclaimed by filling in Lake Michigan...

    , Class of 1930, president, Northwestern University 1949-1969; dean, Northwestern University Medical School, 1941-1949
  • Robert F. Furchgott
    Robert F. Furchgott
    Robert Francis Furchgott was a Nobel Prize-winning American biochemist.Furchgott was born in Charleston, SC, to Arthur Furchgott and Pena Sorentrue Furchgott...

    , Class of 1940, 1998 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
    Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
    The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine administered by the Nobel Foundation, is awarded once a year for outstanding discoveries in the field of life science and medicine. It is one of five Nobel Prizes established in 1895 by Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, in his will...

     for his discovery of EDRF
  • Cheddi Jagan
    Cheddi Jagan
    Cheddi Berret Jagan was a Guyanese politician who was first elected Chief Minister in 1953 and later Premier of British Guiana from 1961 to 1964, prior to independence. He later served as President of Guyana from 1992 to 1997.- Biography :The son of ethnic Indian sugar plantation workers, Jagan...

    , Class of 1946: President of Guyana
    Guyana
    Guyana , officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, previously the colony of British Guiana, is a sovereign state on the northern coast of South America that is culturally part of the Anglophone Caribbean. Guyana was a former colony of the Dutch and of the British...

     from 1992–1997
  • Ralph S. Paffenbarger
    Ralph Paffenbarger
    Ralph S. Paffenbarger, Jr. was an epidemiologist, ultramarathoner, and professor at both Stanford University School of Medicine and Harvard University School of Public Health....

    , Class of 1947, epidemiologist, leader of the College Alumni Health Study in the 1960s, which established the health benefits of exercise, considered the father of the modern fitness movement
  • Quentin D. Young
    Quentin Young
    Quentin Young is Chicago-based physician who is recognized for his efforts in advocating for single-payer health care in the United States...

    , Class of 1947, leader in public health policy and medical and social justice issues; founded Physicians for a National Health Program
    Physicians for a National Health Program
    Physicians for a National Health Program , is an advocacy organization of some 17,000 American physicians, medical students, and health professionals founded by Quentin Young who support a single-payer system of national health insurance....

     and co-founded the Medical Committee for Human Rights, a national group of physicians who provided medical services to civil rights workers in the 1960’s; served as Martin Luther King, Jr’s, personal physician during the time King lived in Chicago
  • Kermit E. Krantz
    Kermit E. Krantz
    Dr. Kermit Edward Krantz, M.D., Litt.D., FACOG was a surgeon, inventor and faculty at the University of Kansas Medical Center. He is most known as the co-developer of the Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz , a medical procedure for urinary stress incontinence for which he performed over 5000...

    , Class of 1948, Distinguished University Professor of Medicine University of Kansas. Among others, developed the Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz (MMK) and invented the expandable tampon. Namesake of the Arey/Krantz Museum of Anatomy at the Feinberg School of Medicine.
  • John A. D. Cooper
    John A. D. Cooper
    John A. D. Cooper 1918-2002 was an American physician and educator.Dr. John Allen Dicks Cooper was born on December 22, 1918 in El Paso, Texas. He grew up in the bilingual and bicultural environment of Las Cruces, New Mexico and attended the New Mexico State University from which he graduated with...

    , Class of 1951, first president of the Association of American Medical Colleges
    Association of American Medical Colleges
    The Association of American Medical Colleges is a non-profit organization based in Washington, DC and established in 1876. It administers the Medical College Admission Test...

     and historic leader in medical education
  • Thomas E. Starzl, Class of 1952, performed the first successful liver transplant in 1967 and received the National Medal of Science in 2004
  • Joseph P. Kerwin
    Joseph P. Kerwin
    Joseph Peter Kerwin, M.D. is an American physician and former NASA astronaut. Kerwin was the first physician to be selected for astronaut training....

    , first physician in space, flew on three skylab missions and later served as director of Space and Life Sciences at NASA; inducted into the U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame in 1997
  • Alan R. Nelson
    Alan R. Nelson
    Alan R. Nelson, MD was president of the American Medical Association from 1989–90, and led the development of several initiatives including the Health Access America Program. He was president of the World Medical Association from 1991-92. Nelson earned his MD from Northwestern University Medical...

    , Class of 1958, president of the American Medical Association
    American Medical Association
    The American Medical Association , founded in 1847 and incorporated in 1897, is the largest association of medical doctors and medical students in the United States.-Scope and operations:...

     (1989–90) and the World Medical Association
    World Medical Association
    The World Medical Association is an international and independent confederation of free professional Medical Associations, therefore representing physicians worldwide...

     (1991–92)
  • Myles Cunningham, Class of 1958, president of the American Cancer Society
    American Cancer Society
    The American Cancer Society is the "nationwide community-based voluntary health organization" dedicated, in their own words, "to eliminating cancer as a major health problem by preventing cancer, saving lives, and diminishing suffering from cancer, through research, education, advocacy, and...

    , 1997
  • Sandra F. Olson
    Sandra F. Olson
    Dr. Sandra F. Olson, MD is a national leader for women in organized medicine. Olson earned her MD from Northwestern University Medical School in 1963, when only 5 percent of medical students were women. She continued on to do her residency at Northwestern's McGaw Medical Center through 1969. In...

    , Class of 1963, GME 1969, national leader for women in medicine, first woman president of American Academy of Neurology
    American Academy of Neurology
    The American Academy of Neurology is a professional society for neurologists and neuroscientists. As a medical specialty society it was established in 1949 by A.B. Baker of the University of Minnesota to advance the art and science of neurology, and thereby promote the best possible care for...

    , the Illinois State Medical Society, the Chicago Medical Society, and the Chicago Neurological Society
  • Joseph Silva, Class of 1966, dean, University of California–Davis School of Medicine
    UC Davis School of Medicine
    The University of California Davis School of Medicine is one of five University of California medical schools in the state of California, associated with UC Davis.-History:...

    , 1997-2005
  • Eugene A. Bauer, Class of 1967, vice president for medical affairs and dean, Stanford University School of Medicine
    Stanford University School of Medicine
    Stanford University School of Medicine is a leading medical school located at Stanford University Medical Center in Stanford, California. Originally based in San Francisco, California as Cooper Medical College, it is the oldest continuously running medical school in the western United States...

    , 1995-2001
  • Jay Perman, Class of 1972, president, University of Maryland, Baltimore
    University of Maryland, Baltimore
    University of Maryland, Baltimore, was founded in 1807. It comprises some of the oldest professional schools in the nation and world. It is the original campus of the University System of Maryland. Located on 60 acres in downtown Baltimore, Maryland, it is part of the University System of Maryland...

    , 2010 – present, dean, University of Kentucky College of Medicine
    University of Kentucky College of Medicine
    The University of Kentucky College of Medicine is a medical school found in the University of Kentucky's Chandler Medical Center in Lexington, KY.-History:...

    , 2004-2010
  • David J. Skorton
    David J. Skorton
    David Jan Skorton is an American professor of medicine and an academic administrator. He is currently serving as the president of Cornell University.- Education :...

    , Class of 1974, president, Cornell University
    Cornell University
    Cornell University is an Ivy League university located in Ithaca, New York, United States. It is a private land-grant university, receiving annual funding from the State of New York for certain educational missions...

     2006 – present
  • Joseph A. Walder, Class of 1975, founder and CEO of Integrated DNA Technologies
    Integrated DNA Technologies
    Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc. , headquartered in Coralville, Iowa, is the largest supplier of custom nucleic acids in the U.S., serving the areas of academic research, biotechnology, clinical diagnostics, and pharmaceutical development...

    , the largest supplier of custom nucleic acids in the United States
  • Ora Pescovitz, Class of 1979, executive vice president for medical affairs, University of Michigan; CEO, University of Michigan Health System
    University of Michigan Health System
    The University of Michigan Health System is the wholly owned academic medical center of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. UMHS includes the U-M Medical School, with its Faculty Group Practice and many research laboratories; the U-M Hospitals and Health Centers, which includes University...

  • David J. Smith, Class of 1981, Read Admiral, joint staff surgeon/chief medical advisor to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; United States delegate to the North American Treaty Organization Council of Medical Directors
  • Boris Lushniak
    Boris Lushniak
    Boris Lushniak is a Rear Admiral in the United States Public Health Service and is Deputy Surgeon General of the United States.-Biography:A native of Chicago, Illinois, Lushniak is married with two children, Stephanie and Larissa...

    , Class of 1981, Rear Admiral, deputy U.S. Surgeon General
  • James P. Kelly, Class of 1983, director, National Intrepid Center of Excellence
  • Peter G. Traber
    Peter G. Traber
    Peter George Traber currently serves as President and Chief Executive Officer for Pro-Pharmaceuticals.He formerly was the president and chief executive officer of Baylor College of Medicine and the John and Clara Whitmore Professor of Medicine. Traber succeeded Ralph Feigin to become the fourth...

    , Class of 1984, president, Baylor College of Medicine, 2003-2008
  • Michael Barratt
    Michael Barratt
    Michael Barratt is an English television presenter and announcer. He is mainly known for his lengthy period as the main presenter on Nationwide....

    , Class of 1985, NASA mission specialist, 2000- present; member International Space Station Expeditions 19 and 20, 2009
  • Harold Paz, GME 1985 and 1986, vice president and dean, Penn State Hershey Medical College
  • Debi Thomas
    Debi Thomas
    Debra Janine "Debi" Thomas M.D. is an American figure skater and physician. She is the 1986 World champion and 1988 Olympic bronze medalist, having taken part in the Battle of the Carmens at those games.-Personal life:...

    , Class of 1997: 1988 Olympic Figure Skating Bronze Medalist and orthopedic surgeon

External links

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