Evergreen Marine
Encyclopedia
Evergreen Marine Corporation , headquartered in Luzhu, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
in the Republic of China
, is a containerized-freight
shipping company, mainly serving the east coast of Asia
and the west coast of North America
, with over 150 container ships. It is part of the Evergreen Group
conglomerate of transportation firms and associated companies. Evergreen calls on 240 ports worldwide in about 80 countries, and is the fourth largest company of its type, ranked behind Maersk
, Mediterranean
and CMA CGM
(in order). The company's activities include: shipping, construction of containers and ships, management of ports, and engineering and real estate development. Subsidiaries and divisions include Uniglory Marine Corp. (Taiwan), Evergreen UK Ltd. (UK), and shipping company Italia Marittima
S.p.A. (Italy). In 2007, Hatsu, Italia Maritima, and Evergreen were merged into the single "Evergreen Line."
The majority of Evergreen's shipping container
s are painted green with the word "Evergreen" placed on the sides in white letters. Uniglory containers are similarly painted and marked, but those containers are bright orange. Evergreen's refrigerated "reefer
" containers have a reverse color scheme (white containers with green lettering).
. Services began with a single cargo vessel named Central Trust, which operated a 'go-anywhere' service. A second vessel was added in 1969, and used on Middle East
services. Additional vessels were acquired through the 1970s, and routes to East Asia
and Central America
were added. Service to the U.S. began in 1974, with the establishment of Evergreen Marine Corporation (New York) Ltd.
In 1981, the parent company changed its name to Evergreen International S.A. (EIS), as the company increased its global expansion efforts. Evergreen Marine began its first around-the-world
shipping services in 1984. This service is bi-directional, covering both westbound and eastbound routings.
Since then, Evergreen Marine has expanded to include other shipping companies such as the Uniglory Marine Corp. (Taiwan) in 1984, the Hatsu Marine Ltd. (U.K.) in 2002, and the Italian shipping company Italia Marittima
(previously Lloyd Triestino, and founded as "Österreichischer Lloyd" in 1835) in 1993. Uniglory was made a division of the company in 1999. Evergreen Marine has also become a partner of EVA Airways, founded in 1989, and Uni Air
, founded in 1998.
In 2002, Evergreen Marine operated 61 container vessels, with a total fleet size totaling 130 vessels with 400,000 TEU (twenty-foot equivalent units). By 2008, Evergreen Marine operated 178 container vessels. In 2009, the company announced plans to build 100 additional vessels, in anticipation of a global economic recovery by 2012.
The shipping line's busiest routings are in the first category, East Asia
to North America
and Central America
. Within this area, common traffic is between China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan with the U.S. West Coast, along with routings to the East Caribbean
via Panama.
The following are vessels transferred between Evergreen Marine and Uniglory Marine (Taiwanese or Panamanian flag) and subsidiaries:
hubs, and multiple container terminals.
Taiwan
Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
in the Republic of China
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
, is a containerized-freight
Containerization
Containerization is a system of freight transport based on a range of steel intermodal containers...
shipping company, mainly serving the east coast of Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
and the west coast of North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
, with over 150 container ships. It is part of the Evergreen Group
Evergreen Group
The Evergreen Group is the organizational designation used by a Taiwan-based conglomerate of shipping, transportation, and associated service companies. The Evergreen Group arose in 1975 from the diversification of the original Evergreen Marine Corporation, which was established in 1968 and...
conglomerate of transportation firms and associated companies. Evergreen calls on 240 ports worldwide in about 80 countries, and is the fourth largest company of its type, ranked behind Maersk
A.P. Moller-Maersk Group
A.P. Moller – Maersk Group , also known as Maersk , is a Danish business conglomerate. A.P. Moller – Maersk Group has activities in a variety of business sectors, primarily within the transportation and energy sectors. It is the largest container ship operator and supply vessel operator in the...
, Mediterranean
Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A.
Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A. is the world's largest shipping line in terms of container vessel capacity. MSC operates 469 vessels and has a capacity of...
and CMA CGM
CMA CGM
CMA CGM S.A. is a French container transportation and shipping company, headed by Jacques Saadé. It is the third largest container company in the world, using 200 shipping routes between 400 ports in 150 different countries...
(in order). The company's activities include: shipping, construction of containers and ships, management of ports, and engineering and real estate development. Subsidiaries and divisions include Uniglory Marine Corp. (Taiwan), Evergreen UK Ltd. (UK), and shipping company Italia Marittima
Italia Marittima
Italia Marittima S.p.A. is a shipping company with its head office in Trieste, Italy, and run by Evergreen Marine Corporation.-History:It was founded "Österreichischer Lloyd" in 1836 and became one of the world's biggest shipping companies by managing most oversea trade and passenger travel of...
S.p.A. (Italy). In 2007, Hatsu, Italia Maritima, and Evergreen were merged into the single "Evergreen Line."
The majority of Evergreen's shipping container
Intermodal container
An intermodal container is a standardized reusable steel box used for the safe, efficient and secure storage and movement of materials and products within a global containerized intermodal freight transport system...
s are painted green with the word "Evergreen" placed on the sides in white letters. Uniglory containers are similarly painted and marked, but those containers are bright orange. Evergreen's refrigerated "reefer
Reefer (container)
A refrigerated container or reefer is an intermodal container used in intermodal freight transport that is refrigerated for the transportation of temperature sensitive cargo....
" containers have a reverse color scheme (white containers with green lettering).
History
The company was founded 1 September 1968 by the chairman of the company, billionaire Dr. Yung-Fa ChangChang Yung-fa
Chang Yung-fa is the founder and Group Chairman of the Evergreen Group.- Biography :In 1927, Chang was born in Penghu, while Taiwan was under Japanese rule...
. Services began with a single cargo vessel named Central Trust, which operated a 'go-anywhere' service. A second vessel was added in 1969, and used on Middle East
Middle East
The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
services. Additional vessels were acquired through the 1970s, and routes to East Asia
East Asia
East Asia or Eastern Asia is a subregion of Asia that can be defined in either geographical or cultural terms...
and Central America
Central America
Central America is the central geographic region of the Americas. It is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the North American continent, which connects with South America on the southeast. When considered part of the unified continental model, it is considered a subcontinent...
were added. Service to the U.S. began in 1974, with the establishment of Evergreen Marine Corporation (New York) Ltd.
In 1981, the parent company changed its name to Evergreen International S.A. (EIS), as the company increased its global expansion efforts. Evergreen Marine began its first around-the-world
Circumnavigation
Circumnavigation – literally, "navigation of a circumference" – refers to travelling all the way around an island, a continent, or the entire planet Earth.- Global circumnavigation :...
shipping services in 1984. This service is bi-directional, covering both westbound and eastbound routings.
Since then, Evergreen Marine has expanded to include other shipping companies such as the Uniglory Marine Corp. (Taiwan) in 1984, the Hatsu Marine Ltd. (U.K.) in 2002, and the Italian shipping company Italia Marittima
Italia Marittima
Italia Marittima S.p.A. is a shipping company with its head office in Trieste, Italy, and run by Evergreen Marine Corporation.-History:It was founded "Österreichischer Lloyd" in 1836 and became one of the world's biggest shipping companies by managing most oversea trade and passenger travel of...
(previously Lloyd Triestino, and founded as "Österreichischer Lloyd" in 1835) in 1993. Uniglory was made a division of the company in 1999. Evergreen Marine has also become a partner of EVA Airways, founded in 1989, and Uni Air
Uni Air
UNI Air is an airline based in Zhongshan, Taipei, Taiwan. It is a domestic and regional subsidiary of EVA Air. It was known as Makung International Airlines until 1996, when EVA Air took a majority share of the airline...
, founded in 1998.
In 2002, Evergreen Marine operated 61 container vessels, with a total fleet size totaling 130 vessels with 400,000 TEU (twenty-foot equivalent units). By 2008, Evergreen Marine operated 178 container vessels. In 2009, the company announced plans to build 100 additional vessels, in anticipation of a global economic recovery by 2012.
Operations
Evergreen Marine's operations primarily center around five general routings:- East AsiaEast AsiaEast Asia or Eastern Asia is a subregion of Asia that can be defined in either geographical or cultural terms...
to North AmericaNorth AmericaNorth America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
/Central AmericaCentral AmericaCentral America is the central geographic region of the Americas. It is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the North American continent, which connects with South America on the southeast. When considered part of the unified continental model, it is considered a subcontinent... - East AsiaEast AsiaEast Asia or Eastern Asia is a subregion of Asia that can be defined in either geographical or cultural terms...
to Northern EuropeNorthern EuropeNorthern Europe is the northern part or region of Europe. Northern Europe typically refers to the seven countries in the northern part of the European subcontinent which includes Denmark, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Finland and Sweden...
/Mediterranean - Europe to North America (transatlantic)
- East Asia to Southern HemisphereSouthern HemisphereThe Southern Hemisphere is the part of Earth that lies south of the equator. The word hemisphere literally means 'half ball' or "half sphere"...
(intercontinentalIntercontinentalIntercontinental may refer to:* anything spanning several continents* Intercontinental ballistic missile* the InterContinental hotel chain* InterContinental Hotels Group* Intercontinental Cup * Intercontinental Championship...
) - Intra-Asia
The shipping line's busiest routings are in the first category, East Asia
East Asia
East Asia or Eastern Asia is a subregion of Asia that can be defined in either geographical or cultural terms...
to North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
and Central America
Central America
Central America is the central geographic region of the Americas. It is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the North American continent, which connects with South America on the southeast. When considered part of the unified continental model, it is considered a subcontinent...
. Within this area, common traffic is between China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan with the U.S. West Coast, along with routings to the East Caribbean
Caribbean
The Caribbean is a crescent-shaped group of islands more than 2,000 miles long separating the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, to the west and south, from the Atlantic Ocean, to the east and north...
via Panama.
Fleet
Evergreen Marine (including Uniglory, Lloyd Triestino & Hatsu) operated 153 container ships with on 1 May 2005. In total, Evergreen Marine operated 178 container ships in 2008.Containership classes
The following are Evergreen containership classes since 1975:- Ever Spring-class, 4 ships, , built 1975 - 1976
- Ever Valor-class, 7 ships, , built 1977 - 1979
- Ever Level-class, 6 ships, , 1979–80, 1983
- Ever G-class, 3 ships, , built 1983
- Ever G-class, 17 ships, , built 1984 - 1985
- Ever GL / GX-class, 11 ships, , built 1986 - 1988 some by CSBC Corporation, TaiwanCSBC Corporation, TaiwanCSBC Corporation, Taiwan , CSBC for short, formerly known as China Shipbuilding Corporation is a state-owned enterprise of the Republic of China...
- Ever Racer-class, 10 ships, , built 1993 - 1995
- Ever Dainty-class, 10 ships, , built 1997 - 1998
- Ever Ultra-class, 18 Post-Panamax-ships, , built 1996 - 2001 by Mitsubishi Heavy IndustriesMitsubishi Heavy Industries, or MHI, is a Japanese company. It is one of the core companies of Mitsubishi Group.-History:In 1870 Yataro Iwasaki, the founder of Mitsubishi took a lease of Government-owned Nagasaki Shipyard. He named it Nagasaki Shipyard & Machinery Works, and started the shipbuilding business on a full scale...
, Nagasaki and Kobe - Ever A-class, 14 ships, , built 1996 - 1999
- Ever P-class, 16 ships, , built 1999 - July 2003 by Evergreen Shipyard, Nagasaki
- Hatsu Eagle-class, 5 Post-Panamax-ships, , built Dec. 2001 - Dec. 2002 by Mitsubishi H. Ind.
- Hatsu Shine-class, 10 Post-Panamax-ships, , built Sept. 2005 - 2008 by Mitsubishi H. Ind., Kobe
- LT CortesiaLT CortesiaThe LT Cortesia is a 90,465-tonne container ship owned by German-based Conti Reederei, managed by NSB Niederelbe, and operated as part of the Evergreen Line fleet....
-class, 8 Post-Panamax-ships, , built May 2005 - May 2006 by SamsungSamsungThe Samsung Group is a South Korean multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Samsung Town, Seoul, South Korea...
(long-term charter from Conti-NSB/Germany)
The following are vessels transferred between Evergreen Marine and Uniglory Marine (Taiwanese or Panamanian flag) and subsidiaries:
- Lloyd Triestino / Italy (ship name begins with pre-fix "LT", since 2006 with "Ital")
- Evergreen UK Ltd. / UK (ship name begins with pre-fix "Ever") Hatsu Marine was renamed Evergreen UK (Previously, Evergreen UK Ships, as Hatsu Ships, were pre-fixed with the word "Hatsu", for example, the Hatsu Sigma is now known as the Ever Sigma.)
- Some vessels delivered as new buildings to these subsidiaries.
Terminals
Evergreen Marine operates four major transshipmentTransshipment
Transshipment or Transhipment is the shipment of goods or containers to an intermediate destination, and then from there to yet another destination....
hubs, and multiple container terminals.
Transshipment hubs
- Taichung Container Terminal, Taiwan
- Kaohsiung Container Terminal, Taiwan
- Colon Container Terminal, Panama
- Taranto Container Terminal, Italy
Terminals
- Evergreen Los Angeles Terminal, California
- Evergreen Pierce County Container Terminal, Tacoma, Washington
- Evergreen terminals in Asia (e.g. Thailand), Europe (e.g. Italy), and elsewhere
Maritime lines
Since 2007, the following have been merged into the single Evergreen Line.- Uniglory Marine Corp. (Taiwan)
- Evergreen UK Ltd. (UK)
- Italia Marittima S.p.A. (Italy)
Service network
Evergreen Marine's worldwide service network is handled through the following agencies:- Evergreen Marine Corp. (Taiwan) Ltd.
- Evergreen Korea Corp.
- Evergreen Marine Corp. (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd.
- Evergreen Shipping(Singapore) Pte Ltd.
- Evergreen Star (Thailand) Co. Ltd.
- P.T. Evergreen Shipping Agency Indonesia ee'
- Evergreen Vietnam Corp.
- Evergreen Japan Corp.
- Evergreen Marine (Hong Kong) Ltd.
- Evergreen Philippines Corp.
- Evergreen India Private Ltd.
- Evergreen International S.A. / Unigreen Marine S.A.
- Evergreen Shipping Agency (America) Corp.
- Global Marine Russia Ltd.
- Evergreen Shipping Agency Poland Sp. Z o.o.
- Evergreen Marine Australia Pty Ltd.
- Evergreen France S.A.
- Evergreen Shipping Agncy (Netherlands)B.V.
- Evergreen Deutschland GmbH
- Evergreen Gesselschaft M.B.H.
- Evergreen Marine (UK) Ltd.
- Evergreen Agency (Ireland) Ltd.
- Evergreen Italy S.p.A
- Green Andes (Chile)
See also
- Chang Yung-faChang Yung-faChang Yung-fa is the founder and Group Chairman of the Evergreen Group.- Biography :In 1927, Chang was born in Penghu, while Taiwan was under Japanese rule...
- Evergreen GroupEvergreen GroupThe Evergreen Group is the organizational designation used by a Taiwan-based conglomerate of shipping, transportation, and associated service companies. The Evergreen Group arose in 1975 from the diversification of the original Evergreen Marine Corporation, which was established in 1968 and...
- Italia MarittimaItalia MarittimaItalia Marittima S.p.A. is a shipping company with its head office in Trieste, Italy, and run by Evergreen Marine Corporation.-History:It was founded "Österreichischer Lloyd" in 1836 and became one of the world's biggest shipping companies by managing most oversea trade and passenger travel of...
- List of Taiwanese companies
External links
- Evergreen Marine - official website
- 長榮海運 - official website (Mandarin)