Codex Guelferbytanus B
Encyclopedia
Codex Guelferbytanus B designated by Q or 026 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 4 (von Soden), is a Greek uncial
manuscript
of the Gospels, dated palaeographically
to the 5th century.
It is a palimpsest.
4:34-5:4, 6:10-26, 12:6-43, 15:14-31, 17:34-18:15, 18:34-19:11, 19:47-20:17, 20:34-21:8, 22:27-46, 23:30-49;
Gospel of John
12:3-20, 14:3-22.
s in a fragmentary condition on 13 parchment leaves . It is written in two columns per page, 28 lines per column, in large uncial letters.
The letters Θ, Ε, Ο, Σ being compressed, a departure from the very ancient forms. The text is divided according to the Ammonian Sections, whose numbers are given at the margin, but references to the Eusebian Canons are absent. It is speculated that references to the Eusebian Canons were written in red.
The nomina sacra
are written in an abbreviated way. N ephelkystikon occurs (e.g. τηρησεν in John 12:7).
It is a palimpsest
, with many verses illegible. The upper text of the codex is in Latin text Isidore of Seville's
(Origins
and letters), as in the Codex Guelferbytanus A
. The whole book is known as Codex Guelferbytanus 64 Weissenburgensis.
is a representative of the Byzantine text-type
, with a number (about 20%) of an alien readings (usually Alexandrian
), which stand in a close agreement with the later Alexandrian witnesses L
, 33
, 579
). According to Kurt
and Barbara Aland
it agrees 5 times with the Byzantine text against the original, it does not support original text against the Byzantine, it agrees with both 5 times. It has 2 independent or distinctive readings. Alands placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it has mixed text in Luke 20.
According to Scrivener the codex agrees with codices A
B
united 50 times, sides with B against A 38 times, accords with A against B in 75 places.
In John 12:4 it reads λεγει ουν εις των μαθητων αυτου Ιουδας Σιμωνος Ισκαριωτης;
John 12:5 πτωχοις ] τοις πτωχοις
John 12:6 ειπεν δε τουτο ουχ οτι ] omitted
John 12:6 εβασταζεν ] εβαωζεν
John 12:7 τηρηση ] τηρησεν
John 12:9 εγνω ουν ο οχλος πολυς ] εγνω ουν οχλος πολυς
John 12:12 ο ] omitted
John 12:13 — ] λεγοντες
John 12:16 αυτου οι μαθηται ] οι μαθηται αυτου
John 12:19 ειπαν ] ειπον
John 12:19 ο κοσμος ] ο κοσμος ολος
(1721–1792) in the Ducal Library of Wolfenbüttel.
The history of the codex is linked with Guelferbytanus A. It was examined, collated, and edited by Constantin von Tischendorf
. The codex is located in Wolfenbüttel
Herzog August Bibliothek
(Weissenburg 64).
Uncial
Uncial is a majuscule script commonly used from the 3rd to 8th centuries AD by Latin and Greek scribes. Uncial letters are written in either Greek, Latin, or Gothic.-Development:...
manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the Gospels, dated palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
to the 5th century.
It is a palimpsest.
Contents
Gospel of LukeGospel of Luke
The Gospel According to Luke , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Luke or simply Luke, is the third and longest of the four canonical Gospels. This synoptic gospel is an account of the life and ministry of Jesus of Nazareth. It details his story from the events of his birth to his Ascension.The...
4:34-5:4, 6:10-26, 12:6-43, 15:14-31, 17:34-18:15, 18:34-19:11, 19:47-20:17, 20:34-21:8, 22:27-46, 23:30-49;
Gospel of John
Gospel of John
The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus...
12:3-20, 14:3-22.
Description
The codex contains text of the GospelGospel
A gospel is an account, often written, that describes the life of Jesus of Nazareth. In a more general sense the term "gospel" may refer to the good news message of the New Testament. It is primarily used in reference to the four canonical gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John...
s in a fragmentary condition on 13 parchment leaves . It is written in two columns per page, 28 lines per column, in large uncial letters.
The letters Θ, Ε, Ο, Σ being compressed, a departure from the very ancient forms. The text is divided according to the Ammonian Sections, whose numbers are given at the margin, but references to the Eusebian Canons are absent. It is speculated that references to the Eusebian Canons were written in red.
The nomina sacra
Nomina sacra
Nomina sacra means "sacred names" in Latin, and can be used to refer to traditions of abbreviated writing of several frequently occurring divine names or titles in early Greek language Holy Scripture...
are written in an abbreviated way. N ephelkystikon occurs (e.g. τηρησεν in John 12:7).
It is a palimpsest
Palimpsest
A palimpsest is a manuscript page from a scroll or book from which the text has been scraped off and which can be used again. The word "palimpsest" comes through Latin palimpsēstus from Ancient Greek παλίμψηστος originally compounded from πάλιν and ψάω literally meaning “scraped...
, with many verses illegible. The upper text of the codex is in Latin text Isidore of Seville's
Isidore of Seville
Saint Isidore of Seville served as Archbishop of Seville for more than three decades and is considered, as the historian Montalembert put it in an oft-quoted phrase, "le dernier savant du monde ancien"...
(Origins
Etymologiae
Etymologiae is an encyclopedia compiled by Isidore of Seville towards the end of his life. It forms a bridge between a condensed epitome of classical learning at the close of Late Antiquity and the inheritance received, in large part through Isidore's work, by the early Middle Ages...
and letters), as in the Codex Guelferbytanus A
Codex Guelferbytanus A
Codex Guelferbytanus A designated by Pe or 024 , ε 33 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 6th century. The manuscript is very lacunose.- Description :...
. The whole book is known as Codex Guelferbytanus 64 Weissenburgensis.
Text
The Greek text of this codexCodex
A codex is a book in the format used for modern books, with multiple quires or gatherings typically bound together and given a cover.Developed by the Romans from wooden writing tablets, its gradual replacement...
is a representative of the Byzantine text-type
Byzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
, with a number (about 20%) of an alien readings (usually Alexandrian
Alexandrian text-type
The Alexandrian text-type , associated with Alexandria, is one of several text-types used in New Testament textual criticism to describe and group the textual character of biblical manuscripts...
), which stand in a close agreement with the later Alexandrian witnesses L
Codex Regius (New Testament)
Codex Regius designated by siglum Le or 019 , ε 56 , is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 8th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia....
, 33
Minuscule 33
Minuscule 33 , δ 48 , formerly it was called Codex Colbertinus 2844, is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia...
, 579
Minuscule 579
Minuscule 579 , ε 376 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 13th century. Formerly it was labelled as 80e...
). According to Kurt
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
and Barbara Aland
Barbara Aland
Barbara Aland, née Ehlers is a German theologian and was a Professor of New Testament Research and Church History at Westphalian Wilhelms-University of Münster until 2002.- Biography :...
it agrees 5 times with the Byzantine text against the original, it does not support original text against the Byzantine, it agrees with both 5 times. It has 2 independent or distinctive readings. Alands placed it in Category V.
According to the Claremont Profile Method it has mixed text in Luke 20.
According to Scrivener the codex agrees with codices A
Codex Alexandrinus
The Codex Alexandrinus is a 5th century manuscript of the Greek Bible,The Greek Bible in this context refers to the Bible used by Greek-speaking Christians who lived in Egypt and elsewhere during the early history of Christianity...
B
Codex Sinaiticus
Codex Sinaiticus is one of the four great uncial codices, an ancient, handwritten copy of the Greek Bible. It is an Alexandrian text-type manuscript written in the 4th century in uncial letters on parchment. Current scholarship considers the Codex Sinaiticus to be one of the best Greek texts of...
united 50 times, sides with B against A 38 times, accords with A against B in 75 places.
In John 12:4 it reads λεγει ουν εις των μαθητων αυτου Ιουδας Σιμωνος Ισκαριωτης;
John 12:5 πτωχοις ] τοις πτωχοις
John 12:6 ειπεν δε τουτο ουχ οτι ] omitted
John 12:6 εβασταζεν ] εβαωζεν
John 12:7 τηρηση ] τηρησεν
John 12:9 εγνω ουν ο οχλος πολυς ] εγνω ουν οχλος πολυς
John 12:12 ο ] omitted
John 12:13 — ] λεγοντες
John 12:16 αυτου οι μαθηται ] οι μαθηται αυτου
John 12:19 ειπαν ] ειπον
John 12:19 ο κοσμος ] ο κοσμος ολος
History
The manuscript was discovered in the 18th century by Franz Anton KnittelFranz Anton Knittel
Franz Anton Knittel , was a German, Lutheran orthodox theologian, priest, and palaeographer. He examined palimpsests' text of the Codex Guelferbytanus 64 Weissenburgensis and deciphered text of Codex Carolinus. He was the author of many works.- Life :In 1751 he became a priest, in 1753 Archdeacon...
(1721–1792) in the Ducal Library of Wolfenbüttel.
The history of the codex is linked with Guelferbytanus A. It was examined, collated, and edited by Constantin von Tischendorf
Constantin von Tischendorf
Lobegott Friedrich Constantin Tischendorf was a noted German Biblical scholar. He deciphered the Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus, a 5th century Greek manuscript of the New Testament, in the 1840s, and rediscovered the Codex Sinaiticus, a 4th century New Testament manuscript, in 1859.Tischendorf...
. The codex is located in Wolfenbüttel
Wolfenbüttel
Wolfenbüttel is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany, located on the Oker river about 13 kilometres south of Brunswick. It is the seat of the District of Wolfenbüttel and of the bishop of the Protestant Lutheran State Church of Brunswick...
Herzog August Bibliothek
Herzog August Bibliothek
The Herzog August Library , in Wolfenbüttel, , known also as Bibliotheca Augusta, it has an international importance for its collection from the Middle Ages and Early modern Europe. The library is overseen by the Lower Saxony Ministry for Science and Culture...
(Weissenburg 64).
See also
- List of New Testament uncials
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
- Codex CarolinusCodex CarolinusCodex Carolinus is a Gothic-Latin diglot uncial manuscript of the New Testament on parchment, dated to the 6th or 7th century. The Gothic text is designated by siglum Car, the Latin text is designated by siglum gue or by 79 , it represents the Old Latin translation of the New Testament...
Further reading
- Constantin von TischendorfConstantin von TischendorfLobegott Friedrich Constantin Tischendorf was a noted German Biblical scholar. He deciphered the Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus, a 5th century Greek manuscript of the New Testament, in the 1840s, and rediscovered the Codex Sinaiticus, a 4th century New Testament manuscript, in 1859.Tischendorf...
, Monumenta sacra inedita III (Leipzig, 1860), pp. 263–291. - U. B. Schmid, D. C. ParkerDavid C. ParkerDavid C. Parker is the Edward Cadbury Professor of Theology and the Director of the Institute for Textual Scholarship and Electronic Editing at the Department of Theology and Religion, University of Birmingham. His interests include New Testament textual criticism and Greek and Latin...
, W. J. Elliott, The Gospel according to St. John: The majuscules (Brill 2007), pp. 45–51. [text of the codex in the Gospel of John]
External links
- Codex Guelferbytanus B Q (026): at the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism
- Digitalized Codex Guelferbytanus 64 Weissenburgensis at the Wolfenbütteler Digitalen BibliothekHerzog August BibliothekThe Herzog August Library , in Wolfenbüttel, , known also as Bibliotheca Augusta, it has an international importance for its collection from the Middle Ages and Early modern Europe. The library is overseen by the Lower Saxony Ministry for Science and Culture...