Codex Borgianus
Encyclopedia
Codex Borgianus, designated by T or 029 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 5 (von Soden), is a Greek and Sahidic
uncial
manuscript
of the Gospels, dated palaeographically
to the 5th century. Name of the codex came from its former owners.
Luke 6:18-26; 18:2-9.10-16; 18:32-19:8; 21:33-22:3; 22:20-23:20; 24:25-27; 29-31; John 1:24-32; 3:10-17; 4:52-5:7; 6:28-67; 7:6-8:31.
The Sahidic text of the codex contains:
Luke 6:11-18; 17:29-18:9; 18:?-42; 21:25-32; 22:12-23:11; 24:18-19; 24:21-23; John 1:16-23; 3:2-10; 4:45-52; 6:21-58; 6:58-8:23.
22-23 and Gospel of John
6-8. The manuscript is written in two columns per page, 26-33 lines per page, with the Greek and Sahidic on facing pages. Lines are very short, only 6, 7, 8, and 9 letters in lines. It is written in large letters compressed only on the edge. The letters are square. Tischendorf suggested the scribe was a Copt, because the letters often show Coptic forms. There is no notation of sections or other divisions. The shapes of alpha and iota are specially noticeable.
It has not accents and breathings.
Text of Luke 22:43-44
is omitted, as in codices p75
, א*, A
, B
, 1071.
It does not contain verse John 5:4 (0125) and the pericope John 7:53-8:11.
is a secondary representative of the Alexandrian text-type
(named also Egyptian text) with a mixture of the Byzantine
readings. Kurt Aland
placed it in Category II. The Alexandrian text of Gospel of John stands in close relationship to the Codex Vaticanus, and P75
.
It reads βηθαβαρα in John 1:28 and βηθσαιδα in John 5:2.
. It once belonged to Cardinal Stefano Borgia
, hence name of the codex.
Fragments of the codex were discovered independently at separate times and were numbered 029, 0113, 0125, and 0139. Together they have 23 leaves. "It appears that the ignorant monk who brought it this manuscript with him from Egypt to Europe, was so unaware of its value, that he lost the greater part of the leaves".
The text of the codex 029 was carefully edited in 1789 by A. A. Giorgi. The manuscript was examined by Birch who collated the Greek text of 029. Birch gave description of the codex:
, formerly designated by Ta, were wrongly suggested by Tregelles as a part of the same codex to which Borgianus belonged.
The codex is located, at the Vatican Library
(Borgia Coptic 109), in New York
(Pierpont Morgan M 664A), and in Paris
(BnF
Copt. 129).
Coptic language
Coptic or Coptic Egyptian is the current stage of the Egyptian language, a northern Afro-Asiatic language spoken in Egypt until at least the 17th century. Egyptian began to be written using the Greek alphabet in the 1st century...
uncial
Uncial
Uncial is a majuscule script commonly used from the 3rd to 8th centuries AD by Latin and Greek scribes. Uncial letters are written in either Greek, Latin, or Gothic.-Development:...
manuscript
Manuscript
A manuscript or handwrite is written information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the Gospels, dated palaeographically
Palaeography
Palaeography, also spelt paleography is the study of ancient writing. Included in the discipline is the practice of deciphering, reading, and dating historical manuscripts, and the cultural context of writing, including the methods with which writing and books were produced, and the history of...
to the 5th century. Name of the codex came from its former owners.
Contains
The Greek text of the codex contains:Luke 6:18-26; 18:2-9.10-16; 18:32-19:8; 21:33-22:3; 22:20-23:20; 24:25-27; 29-31; John 1:24-32; 3:10-17; 4:52-5:7; 6:28-67; 7:6-8:31.
The Sahidic text of the codex contains:
Luke 6:11-18; 17:29-18:9; 18:?-42; 21:25-32; 22:12-23:11; 24:18-19; 24:21-23; John 1:16-23; 3:2-10; 4:45-52; 6:21-58; 6:58-8:23.
Description
The codex contains 17 parchment leaves , with fragments of the Gospel of LukeGospel of Luke
The Gospel According to Luke , commonly shortened to the Gospel of Luke or simply Luke, is the third and longest of the four canonical Gospels. This synoptic gospel is an account of the life and ministry of Jesus of Nazareth. It details his story from the events of his birth to his Ascension.The...
22-23 and Gospel of John
Gospel of John
The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus...
6-8. The manuscript is written in two columns per page, 26-33 lines per page, with the Greek and Sahidic on facing pages. Lines are very short, only 6, 7, 8, and 9 letters in lines. It is written in large letters compressed only on the edge. The letters are square. Tischendorf suggested the scribe was a Copt, because the letters often show Coptic forms. There is no notation of sections or other divisions. The shapes of alpha and iota are specially noticeable.
It has not accents and breathings.
Text of Luke 22:43-44
Christ's agony at Gethsemane
Christ's agony at Gethsemane is a passage in the Gospel of Luke , describing a prayer of Jesus, after which he receives strength from an angel, on the Mount of Olives prior to his betrayal and arrest...
is omitted, as in codices p75
Papyrus 75
Papyrus 75 is an early Greek New Testament papyrus.- Description :Originally '[it] contained about 144 pages ... of which 102 have survived, either in whole or in part.' It 'contains about half the text of ... two Gospels' – Luke and John in Greek...
, א*, A
Codex Alexandrinus
The Codex Alexandrinus is a 5th century manuscript of the Greek Bible,The Greek Bible in this context refers to the Bible used by Greek-speaking Christians who lived in Egypt and elsewhere during the early history of Christianity...
, B
Codex Vaticanus
The Codex Vaticanus , is one of the oldest extant manuscripts of the Greek Bible , one of the four great uncial codices. The Codex is named for the residence in the Vatican Library, where it has been stored since at least the 15th century...
, 1071.
It does not contain verse John 5:4 (0125) and the pericope John 7:53-8:11.
Text
The Greek text of this codexCodex
A codex is a book in the format used for modern books, with multiple quires or gatherings typically bound together and given a cover.Developed by the Romans from wooden writing tablets, its gradual replacement...
is a secondary representative of the Alexandrian text-type
Alexandrian text-type
The Alexandrian text-type , associated with Alexandria, is one of several text-types used in New Testament textual criticism to describe and group the textual character of biblical manuscripts...
(named also Egyptian text) with a mixture of the Byzantine
Byzantine text-type
The Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
readings. Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category II. The Alexandrian text of Gospel of John stands in close relationship to the Codex Vaticanus, and P75
Papyrus 75
Papyrus 75 is an early Greek New Testament papyrus.- Description :Originally '[it] contained about 144 pages ... of which 102 have survived, either in whole or in part.' It 'contains about half the text of ... two Gospels' – Luke and John in Greek...
.
It reads βηθαβαρα in John 1:28 and βηθσαιδα in John 5:2.
History
The manuscript came from White MonasteryWhite Monastery
The Coptic White Monastery is a Coptic Orthodox monastery named after Saint Shenouda the Archimandrite. It is located near the Upper Egyptian city of Sohag, and about four kilometers south east of the Red Monastery. The name of the monastery is derived from the color of the white limestone of its...
. It once belonged to Cardinal Stefano Borgia
Stefano Borgia
The Most Rev. Dr. Stefano Cardinal Borgia was a senior Italian prelate, theologian, antiquarian and historian.Cardinal Borgia belonged to a well known family of Velletri, where he was born, and was a distant relative of the House of Borgia. His early education was controlled by his uncle...
, hence name of the codex.
Fragments of the codex were discovered independently at separate times and were numbered 029, 0113, 0125, and 0139. Together they have 23 leaves. "It appears that the ignorant monk who brought it this manuscript with him from Egypt to Europe, was so unaware of its value, that he lost the greater part of the leaves".
The text of the codex 029 was carefully edited in 1789 by A. A. Giorgi. The manuscript was examined by Birch who collated the Greek text of 029. Birch gave description of the codex:
Codex in membranis scriptus est, charactere inciali quadro, graeco textui adjecta est versio coptica. Vehementer sane dolendum, particulam tam exiguam eximini codicis servatam esse, ex quo, si integrum aetas tulisset, plurima ad textus emendationem peti potuissent.
Present location
A few leaves from Uncial 070Uncial 070
Uncial 070 , ε 6 , is a Greek-Coptic diglot uncial manuscript of the New Testament. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 6th century....
, formerly designated by Ta, were wrongly suggested by Tregelles as a part of the same codex to which Borgianus belonged.
The codex is located, at the Vatican Library
Vatican Library
The Vatican Library is the library of the Holy See, currently located in Vatican City. It is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. Formally established in 1475, though in fact much older, it has 75,000 codices from...
(Borgia Coptic 109), in New York
New York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...
(Pierpont Morgan M 664A), and in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
(BnF
Bibliothèque nationale de France
The is the National Library of France, located in Paris. It is intended to be the repository of all that is published in France. The current president of the library is Bruno Racine.-History:...
Copt. 129).
See also
- List of New Testament uncials
- Coptic versions of the BibleCoptic versions of the BibleThere have been many Coptic versions of the Bible, including some of the earliest translations into any language. Several different versions were made in the ancient world, with different editions of the Old and New Testament in all four of the major dialects of Coptic: Bohairic , Fayyumic, Sahidic...
- Textual criticismTextual criticismTextual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...
Further reading
- E. AmélineauÉmile AmélineauÉmile Amélineau was a French Coptologist, archaeologist and Egyptologist. His scholarly reputation was established as an editor of previously unpublished Coptic texts...
, Notice des manuscrits coptes de la Bibliothèque Nationale (Paris: 1985), pp. 372, 406-407. (Uncial 0125) - G. Balestri, http://www.archive.org/stream/sacrorumbiblior00borggoog#page/n8/mode/2upSacrorum bibliorum fragmenta copto-sahidica Musei Borgiana, Novum Testamentum III (Rome, 1904), pp. 202–218, 234–260.
- Paul Canart, Note sur le manuscrit T ou 029 du Nouveau Testament, Biblica, Vol. 84 (2003), pp. 274–275.
- P. Franchi de'Cavalieri, Codices graeci Chisiani et Borgiani (Rome, 1927), pp. 161–162.
- C. R. GregoryCaspar René GregoryCaspar René Gregory was a American-born German theologian theologian.-Life:Gregory was born in Philadelphia. He studied theology at two Presbyterian seminaries: in 1865-67 at the University of Pennsylvania and at Princeton Theological Seminary...
, "Textkritik des Neuen Testaments", Leipzig 1900, vol. 1, pp. 69–70 (Uncial 0139), 72-72 (Uncial 029).
External links
- Codex Borgianus T (029): at the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism
- Uncial 029 at the Wieland Willker, "Textual Commentary"
- Uncial T/029 New York fragments full text of "New York Fragments" at the Wieland Willker, "Textual Commentary"