Bible translations into Hebrew
Encyclopedia
Hebrew Bible
The Hebrew BibleHebrew Bible
The Hebrew Bible is a term used by biblical scholars outside of Judaism to refer to the Tanakh , a canonical collection of Jewish texts, and the common textual antecedent of the several canonical editions of the Christian Old Testament...
(i.e. the Tanakh or Christian "Old Testament") is almost entirely in Hebrew. The few sections that are in Aramaic are in a form of Biblical Aramaic
Biblical Aramaic
Biblical Aramaic is the form of the Aramaic language that is used in the books of Daniel, Ezra and a few other places in the Hebrew Bible and should not be confused with the Aramaic translations of the Hebrew Bible known as targumim....
and in square-script
Aramaic alphabet
The Aramaic alphabet is adapted from the Phoenician alphabet and became distinctive from it by the 8th century BC. The letters all represent consonants, some of which are matres lectionis, which also indicate long vowels....
which are effectively intelligible to Hebrew readers and do not require translation. However, some editions, like those of The Bible Society in Israel, also include a Hebrew translation of the Aramaic sections.
Apocrypha
The books of the apocryphaApocrypha
The term apocrypha is used with various meanings, including "hidden", "esoteric", "spurious", "of questionable authenticity", ancient Chinese "revealed texts and objects" and "Christian texts that are not canonical"....
were not preserved in the Jewish tradition (as reflected in the Hebrew masoretic text
Masoretic Text
The Masoretic Text is the authoritative Hebrew text of the Jewish Bible and is regarded as Judaism's official version of the Tanakh. While the Masoretic Text defines the books of the Jewish canon, it also defines the precise letter-text of these biblical books, with their vocalization and...
). Though many of them were originally composed in Hebrew, they have reached us mostly in Greek
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
form, as found in the Septuagint and preserved by the church. In modern times there has been renewed Jewish interest in these books, which has resulted in a few translations into Hebrew. In the 19th century most of the apocrypha was translated by Seckel Isaac Fraenkel in Ketuvim Aharonim ("Late Writings" 1830), and a few books were translated by other authors. The Hebrew-language website Daʿat, which collects texts related to Jewish education, has published an online version of these public domain Hebrew translations in digital form; the texts have been formatted and slightly modernized.
Two major annotated Hebrew translations of the apocrypha were published in the 20th century. Both editions include commentaries by the editors, both are vowelized, and both of them incorporate parts of the original Hebrew for Ben Sira
Ben Sira
Jesus ben Sirach , commonly known simply as ben Sirach or Sirach and also rendered "Jesus son of Sirach" or "Jesus Siracides", was the author of the deuterocanonical Wisdom of Sirach and possibly the rabbinical Alphabet of Sirach...
that were found in the Cairo Geniza
Cairo Geniza
The Cairo Geniza is a collection of almost 280,000 Jewish manuscript fragments found in the Genizah or storeroom of the Ben Ezra Synagogue in Fustat, presently Old Cairo, Egypt. Some additional fragments were found in the Basatin cemetery east of Old Cairo, and the collection includes a number of...
and the Dead Sea Scrolls
Dead Sea scrolls
The Dead Sea Scrolls are a collection of 972 texts from the Hebrew Bible and extra-biblical documents found between 1947 and 1956 on the northwest shore of the Dead Sea, from which they derive their name...
.
- Avraham Kahana, ed. and trans., Ha-Sefarim ha-Hitsonim. Tel-Aviv: Hotsaat Meqorot, 1937 (2 vols.), most recently reissued in 2006.
- Eliyah Shemuel Hartom (aka. Elia Samuele Artom), ed. and trans., Ha-Sefarim ha-Hitsonim. Tel-Aviv: Yavneh, 1965-69.
In the early 21st century, the Yad Ben-Zvi Institute in Jerusalem inaugurated a major project of scholarly publication called Bein Miqra la-Mishnah ("Between the Bible and the Mishnah"), whose scope includes new Hebrew translations and in-depth commentaries on apocryphal books. So far Maccabees 1 & 2 have appeared; Maccabees 3 & 4 and Jubilees are in preparation.
Polemical Rabbinical translations
Quotes of the New Testament in Hebrew occur in polemical or apologetic Hebrew texts from the 6th Century CE. Three medieval polemical rabbinical translations of Matthew predate the Hutter Bible. A fourth rabbinical translation, that of Rahabi EzekielRahabi Ezekiel
Rabbi Rahabi Ezekiel, or Ezekiel Rahabi, was a rabbinical writer known only through his polemical Hebrew translation of the New Testament - The Book of the Gospel Belonging to the Followers of Jesus ....
, 1750, may have been the same text as the "Travancore Hebrew New Testament of Rabbi Ezekiel" bought by Claudius Buchanan in Cochin, and later given to Joseph Frey. An ecumenical approach is seen in Elias Soloweyczyk
Elias Soloweyczyk
Elias Soloweyczyk was a Lithuanian rabbi, author and translator from Slutzk.Soloweyczyk was a grandson of Rabbi Chaim of Volozhin ....
's Matthew, 1869.
The Hutter Dodecaglott Bible
The New Testament was first translated into Hebrew by Elias HutterElias Hutter
Elias Hutter was a German Hebraist.He studied in Strassburg, and was professor of Hebrew at Leipzig University...
in his Polyglott edition of the New Testament in twelve languages; Greek, Syriac, Hebrew, Latin, German, Bohemian, Italian, Spanish, French, English, Danish and Polish, at Nuremberg
Nuremberg
Nuremberg[p] is a city in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia. Situated on the Pegnitz river and the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal, it is located about north of Munich and is Franconia's largest city. The population is 505,664...
, in 1599, 1600, in two volumes.
Some individual books were translated before Hutter's complete New Testament, such as Alfonso de Zamora
Alfonso de Zamora
Alfonso de Zamora was Spanish Rabbi who converted to Roman Catholicism. He was baptized in 1506; died 1531.He revised the Hebrew text for Ximenes's Polyglot Bible, translated the Chaldee paraphrase in it, and added the sixth volume...
's Letter to the Hebrews (1526). Carmignac (1978) identifies at least 23 translators of the Gospel of Matthew
Gospel of Matthew
The Gospel According to Matthew is one of the four canonical gospels, one of the three synoptic gospels, and the first book of the New Testament. It tells of the life, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus of Nazareth...
into Hebrew.
Christian translations
As part of the Christian mission to JewsChristian mission to Jews
Christian mission to Jews, or evangelism among Jews, or proselytism to Jews is a subset of Christian mission activity aimed specifically at practising believers in Judaism.-The primitive church:...
the Greek New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
has been translated into Hebrew several times since the 19th century. These versions sometimes exist in bilingual editions.
These Christian versions generally use Hebrew word "Meshiykhiyyim" ("Messianics") for Greek Christianoi ("Christians") in the text in preference to the Talmudic term Notzrim ("Nazarenes").
The majority of these versions use the Tetragrammaton
Tetragrammaton
The term Tetragrammaton refers to the name of the God of Israel YHWH used in the Hebrew Bible.-Hebrew Bible:...
(YHWH) when citing quotations from the Hebrew Bible, although this does not mean that Hebrew-speaking Christians necessarily pronounce aloud the name as "Yahweh
Yahweh
Yahweh is the name of God in the Bible, the God of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Jews and Christians.The word Yahweh is a modern scholarly convention for the Hebrew , transcribed into Roman letters as YHWH and known as the Tetragrammaton, for which the original pronunciation is unknown...
", any more than Hebrew-speaking Jews, and may read as "Adonai" or "HaShem."
- 1537, Gospel of Matthew, Sebastian MünsterSebastian MünsterSebastian Münster , was a German cartographer, cosmographer, and a Hebrew scholar.- Life :Münster was born at Ingelheim near Mainz, the son of Andreas Munster. He completed his studies at the Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen in 1518. His graduate adviser was Johannes Stöffler.He was appointed to...
, Basel - based on one of the Rabbinical translations of Matthew. - 1551, 1550 Gospel of Matthew, J. Quinquarboreus (Jean CinqarbresJean CinqarbresJean Cinqarbres, Latin name Quinquarboreus, was a French grammarian of Hebrew. With his colleague Jean Mercier he shared the role of conjunct royal professor of Hebrew and Chaldee.-References:...
) and 1550 Jean Mercier (Hebraist)Jean Mercier (Hebraist)Jean Mercier, Latin Joannes Mercerus was a French Hebraist.He was a pupil of the less known François Vatable, and succeeded Vatable as professor of Hebrew at the Collège Royal. His students included Philippe du Plessis-Mornay, and Pierre Martinius who became professor at La Rochelle...
, Paris - confused with Sebastian Münster's adaption of a Rabbinical text of Matthew, but prepared from another of the Rabbinical translations of Matthew, purchased in Italy by bishop Jean du TilletJean du TilletJean du Tillet , son of a mayor and captain of Angoulême under Francis I of France, was appointed bishop of St. Brieuc in 1553, in which capacity he took part in the Council of Trent where he encouraged Gentian Hervet to undertake a Latin translation of Photius' Syntagma together with Balsamon's...
. - 1553, Psalms and first 2 chapters of Matthew, Anton MargarithaAnton MargarithaAnton Margaritha was a sixteenth century Jewish Hebraist and convert to Christianity. He was a possible source for some of Martin Luther's conception of Judaism.-Biography:Margaritha's father Jacob Margolioth was a rabbi in Ratisbon...
, Leipzig - a Jewish convert. - 1557, Epistle to the Hebrews, Sebastian MünsterSebastian MünsterSebastian Münster , was a German cartographer, cosmographer, and a Hebrew scholar.- Life :Münster was born at Ingelheim near Mainz, the son of Andreas Munster. He completed his studies at the Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen in 1518. His graduate adviser was Johannes Stöffler.He was appointed to...
, Basel - 1560s? unpublished manuscript of the New Testament. Erasmus Oswald SchreckenfuchsErasmus Oswald SchreckenfuchsErasmus Oswald Schreckenfuchs was an Austrian humanist, astronomer and Hebraist.-Life:He was born in Merckenstein, near Bad Vöslau in Lower Austria, and studied in Vienna, Ingolstadt and Tübingen. He became a student and friend of Sebastian Münster...
(1511-1579) Professor of Mathematics, Rhetorics, and Hebrew, first at Tubingen, afterwards at Freiburg in Breisgau. - 1569, TremelliusImmanuel TremelliusImmanuel Tremellius was an Italian Jewish convert to Christianity. He was known as a leading Hebraist and Bible translator.- Life :He was born at Ferrara, and educated at the University of Padua...
publishes an edition of the Syriac Peshitta in Hebrew letters. - 1574, Gospel of Luke, Fredericus Petrus, Lutheran pastor of the church of Brunswick.
- 1575, Gospel of Mark, Walther Herbst, Wittemberg
- 1576, The Anniversary Gospels in four languages, Johannes Claius (Johann Klaj), Leipzig
- 1586, The Anniversary Epistles in four languages, ed. Conrad Neander, Leipzig
- 1598, Epistles to the Galatians and the Ephesians, György Thúri (Georgius Thurius), Wittenberg
- 1599, New Testament in 12 languages, Elias HutterElias HutterElias Hutter was a German Hebraist.He studied in Strassburg, and was professor of Hebrew at Leipzig University...
, Nuremburg - 1661, New Testament, William RobertsonWilliam Robertson (Hebraist)William Robertson was a Scottish Hebraist. He was educated at Edinburgh University, taught Hebrew in London from 1653–1680, then in 1680 was appointed lecturer in Hebrew at Cambridge University.-Life:...
, London. Revised version of Hutter 1599 - 1668, Latin-Hebrew Gospels, Jona, Giovanni Battista (1588–1668),(originally Jehuda Jona ben-Isaac), Rome
- 1734, Epistle to the Hebrews, Friedrich Albert Christian, Halle
- 1735, Gospel of Luke, Heinrich Frommann, Halle
- 1766, Epistle to the Hebrews, György Kalmár, Amsterdam
- 1796, New Testament, Dominik von Brentano, Vienna and Prague
- 1798-1805, NT, Richard CaddickRichard CaddickRichard Caddick was an English Hebraist, an editor and translator of the New Testament in Hebrew. He revised William Robertson's New Testament and added his own translation of the Epistle to the Romans....
, London. Revised version of Hutter 1599 and Robertson 1661 - 1805, The four gospels, Thomas YeatesThomas Yeates (orientalist)-Life:He was the son of John Yeates, a turner, of Snow Hill, London, where he was born on 9 October 1768. He was at first apprenticed to his father, but, showing no taste for the trade, was allowed to pursue studies in Latin and Hebrew...
, London. Apparently a revision of Jona, Giovanni Battista 1668 (see above) - 1813-1817, New Testament, Thomas Fry and W. B. Collyer, London
- 1831, New Testament, Novum Testamentum, Hebraice ed. William GreenfieldWilliam GreenfieldWilliam Greenfield served as both the Lord Chancellor of England and the Archbishop of York. He was also known as William of Greenfield.-Life:...
, London - 1838, New Testament, Alexander M'Caul (1799–1863), Johann Christian Reichardt (1803–1873), Stanislaus Hoga and Michael Solomon AlexanderMichael Solomon AlexanderMichael Solomon Alexander was the first Anglican Bishop in Jerusalem.-Life:...
for the London Society for Promoting Christianity Amongst the JewsChurch's Ministry Among Jewish PeopleChurch's Ministry Among Jewish People is an Anglican missionary society founded in 1809.-History:...
. - 1846, New Testament, Johann Christian Reichardt (1803–1873), London
- 1851-1867, Luke, Acts, Romans and Hebrews, Johann Heinrich Raphael Biesenthal (1800–1886), Berlin
- 1863, New Testament, Hermann Heinfetter, London
- 1865, New Testament, Ezekiel Margoliouth, London Jews' SocietyChurch's Ministry Among Jewish PeopleChurch's Ministry Among Jewish People is an Anglican missionary society founded in 1809.-History:...
, London.This is the only complete cantillatedCantillationCantillation is the ritual chanting of readings from the Hebrew Bible in synagogue services. The chants are written and notated in accordance with the special signs or marks printed in the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible to complement the letters and vowel points...
translation of the New Testament. - 1866, New Testament, J. C. Reichardt and J. H. R. Biesenthal, London
- 1869, Gospel of Matthew, Elias SoloweyczykElias SoloweyczykElias Soloweyczyk was a Lithuanian rabbi, author and translator from Slutzk.Soloweyczyk was a grandson of Rabbi Chaim of Volozhin ....
- 1875, Gospel of Matthew, William Henry Guillemard, Cambridge
- 1877-1889, New Testament, Franz DelitzschFranz DelitzschFranz Delitzsch was a German Lutheran theologian and Hebraist. Born in Leipzig, he held the professorship of theology at the University of Rostock from 1846 to 1850, at the University of Erlangen until 1867, and after that at the University of Leipzig until his death...
(1813-1890), Leipzig. The first edition was published in 1877, the 10th edition - which was the last one revised by Delitzsch himself - in 1889. The first edition was based on the Codex SinaiticusCodex SinaiticusCodex Sinaiticus is one of the four great uncial codices, an ancient, handwritten copy of the Greek Bible. It is an Alexandrian text-type manuscript written in the 4th century in uncial letters on parchment. Current scholarship considers the Codex Sinaiticus to be one of the best Greek texts of...
. However, at the behest of the British and Foreign Bible SocietyBritish and Foreign Bible SocietyThe British and Foreign Bible Society, often known in England and Wales as simply as Bible Society, is a non-denominational Christian Bible society with charity status whose purpose is to make the Bible available throughout the world....
, subsequent editions followed the Textus ReceptusTextus ReceptusTextus Receptus is the name subsequently given to the succession of printed Greek texts of the New Testament which constituted the translation base for the original German Luther Bible, the translation of the New Testament into English by William Tyndale, the King James Version, and for most other...
, a more traditional and less critical edition. The translation was revised by Arnold EhrlichArnold EhrlichArnold Bogomul Ehrlich was a scholar of bible and rabbinics whose work spanned the latter part of the 19th and the early 20th century. A formidable scholar, he is said to have possessed perfect recall, with an outstanding knowledge of Bible and Talmud, and to have spoken 39 languages...
(1848–1919). - 1885, New Testament, Isaac SalkinsohnYitzhak SalkinsohnIsaac Edward Salkinsohn , , was a Jew who converted to Christianity, and lived during the Jewish Enlightenment. He was famous as a translator into Hebrew...
(c. 1820-1883) - 1886, New Testament, I. Salkinson and C. D. Ginsburg, London. This edition is a profound revision of Salkinsohn 1885 by Christian David GinsburgChristian David GinsburgChristian David Ginsburg was a Polish-born, British Bible scholar and student of the masoretic tradition in Judaism....
(1831–1914). It was first distributed by the Trinitarian Bible SocietyTrinitarian Bible SocietyThe Trinitarian Bible Society was founded in 1831 "to promote the Glory of God and the salvation of men by circulating, both at home and abroad, in dependence on the Divine blessing, the Holy Scriptures, which are given by inspiration of God and are able to make men wise unto salvation through...
, now distributed by The Society for Distributing Hebrew Scriptures. Background information on the translation is available, and there is a revised and modernized by Eri S. Gabe (2000). The translation is issued in bilingual editions (such as Hebrew-English on facing pages) with the explicit aim of making it appealing to Jews. - 1892, New Testament, Delitzsch and Gustaf DalmanGustaf DalmanGustaf Hermann Dalman was a German Lutheran theologian and orientalist. He did extensive field work in Palestine, collecting poetry and proverbs.-Works:...
. This is the 11th edition of Delitzsch, profoundly revised by Dalman, based on older manuscripts. Most later printed editions of Delitzsch are based on this one. - 1948-1950, Gospels of Matthew and Mark, J.-M. Paul BauchetJ.-M. Paul BauchetJean-Marie Paul Bauchet was a French Carmelite , and Hebraist. Bauchet re-edited the Hebrew New Testament of Franz Delitzsch. He received his doctorate from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1949.-Works:* various works in Hebrew; inc. The Life of St...
, Jerusalem. These are slightly revised versions of Delitzsch. - 1957, Gospel of John, Moshe I. Ben Maeir, Denver
- 1969, The Gospel of Mark, Robert Lisle Lindsey
- 1975, New Testament, J.-M. Paul BauchetJ.-M. Paul BauchetJean-Marie Paul Bauchet was a French Carmelite , and Hebraist. Bauchet re-edited the Hebrew New Testament of Franz Delitzsch. He received his doctorate from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1949.-Works:* various works in Hebrew; inc. The Life of St...
and D. Kinneret Arteaga, Rome. In modern HebrewModern HebrewModern Hebrew , also known as Israeli Hebrew or Modern Israeli Hebrew, is the language spoken in Israel and in some Jewish communities worldwide, from the early 20th century to the present....
, without vowel points. - 1977, New Testament, United Bible SocietiesUnited Bible SocietiesThe United Bible Societies is a worldwide association of Bible societies. In 1946 delegates from 13 countries formed the UBS, as an effort to coordinate the activities of the bible societies. The first headquarters were London and in Geneva...
, Jerusalem. This is a modern HebrewModern HebrewModern Hebrew , also known as Israeli Hebrew or Modern Israeli Hebrew, is the language spoken in Israel and in some Jewish communities worldwide, from the early 20th century to the present....
translation prepared by an ecumenical team of scholars in the beginning of the seventies. The translation was first published by The Bible Society in Israel in 1977. It has been revised several times, latest in 2010. Part of this translation - primarly the four gospels and to a lesser grade the Book of Revelations - is apparently based on Delitzsch (see above), while the Acts of the Apostles and the Epistles seem to be independent translations. - 1977, New Testament, Living Bible InternationalThe Living BibleThe Living Bible is an English version of the Bible created by Kenneth N. Taylor. It was first published in 1971. Unlike most English Bibles, The Living Bible is a paraphrase. Mr...
, translator unknown. This is more a paraphrase than a literal translation in modern HebrewModern HebrewModern Hebrew , also known as Israeli Hebrew or Modern Israeli Hebrew, is the language spoken in Israel and in some Jewish communities worldwide, from the early 20th century to the present....
, in line with other translations of The Living BibleThe Living BibleThe Living Bible is an English version of the Bible created by Kenneth N. Taylor. It was first published in 1971. Unlike most English Bibles, The Living Bible is a paraphrase. Mr...
. The four gospels and the Acts of the Apostles were published in Israel in 1977 under the title Beit ha-lahmi.
Comparison
| Translation | John Gospel of John The Gospel According to John , commonly referred to as the Gospel of John or simply John, and often referred to in New Testament scholarship as the Fourth Gospel, is an account of the public ministry of Jesus... (Yohanan) 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Giovanni Battista Jona (1668) | כִּי כָּל־כַּךְ אָהַב אֱלֹהִים לָעוֹלָם שֶׁנָּתַן בְּנוֹ יְחִידוֹ כְּדֵי שֶׁכָּל־הַמַּאֲמִין בּוֹ לֹא יֹאבַד כִּי־אִם יִהְי לוֹ חַיִים לַנֶצַח׃ |
| Richard Caddick (1799) | כִּי־כֵן אָהַב אֱלֹהִים אֶת־הָעוֹלָם אֲשֶׁר אֶת־בְּנוֹ יְחִידוֹ נָתַן לְמַעַן־כָּל־הַמַּאֲמִין בּוֹ לֹא יֹאבֵד כִּי אִם יִהְיוּ לוֹ חַיֵּי עוֹלָם׃ |
| Thomas Yeates (1805) | כי־יען אלֹהים אהב לעוֹלם שׁלח בנוֹ יחידוֹ אשׁר כל־המּאמין בוֹ לֹא יאבד כּי־אם יהי לוֹ חיים לנצח׃ |
| Fry and Collyer (1817) | וְכֹה אָהַב אֱלֹהִים אֶת־הָאָרֶץ כִּי־נָתַן אֶת־בֶּן־יְחִידוֹ וְכָל־הַמַּאֲמִין בּוֹ לֹא יֹאבֵד כִּי אִם־חַיֵּי עוֹלָמִים יִהְיוּ לוֹ׃ |
| William Greenfield (1831) | כִּי כֹה אָהַב אֱלֹהִים אֶת־הָעוֹלָם כִּי־נָתַן אֶת־בְּנוֹ הַיָּחִיד לְמַעַן כָּל־הַמַּאֲמִין בּוֹ לֹא יֹאבַד כִּי אִם־חַיֵּי עוֹלָם יִהְיוּ לוֹ׃ |
| Ezekiel Margoliouth (1865) | כִּי כָּכָה אָהַב הָאֱלֹהִים אֶת־הָעוֹלָם עַד אֲשֶׁר נָתַן אֶת־בְּנוֹ יְחִידוֹ לְמַעַן כָּל־הַמַּאֲמִין בּוֹ לֹא יֹאבַד כִּי אִם־יִהְיוּ לוֹ חַיֵּי עוֹלָמִים׃ |
| Delitzsch, 10th edition (1889) | כִּי־כָכָה אָהַב הָאֱלֹהִים אֶת־הָעוֹלָם עַד־אֲשֶׁר נָתַן אֶת־בְּנוֹ אֶת־יְחִידוֹ לְמַעַן לֹא־יֹאבַד כָּל־הַמַּאֲמִין בּוֹ כִּי אִם־יִחְיֶה חַיֵּי עוֹלָמִים׃ |
| Salkinsohn and Ginsburg (1891) | כִּי־כֵן אֹהֵב אֱלֹהִים אֶת־הָעוֹלָם עַד־אֲשֶׁר נָתַן בַּעֲדוֹ אֶת־בְּנוֹ אֶת־יְחִידוֹ וְכָל־הַמַּאֲמִין בּוֹ לֹא־יֹאבַד כִּי בוֹ יִמְצָה חַיֵּי עוֹלָם׃ |
| Dalman and Delitzsch (1892) | כִּי־אַהֲבָה רַבָּה אָהַב הָאֱלֹהִים אֶת־הָעוֹלָם עַד־אֲשֶׁר נָתַן אֶת־בְּנוֹ אֶת־יְחִידוֹ לְמַעַן אֲשֶׁר לֹא־יֹאבַד כָּל־הַמַּאֲמִין בּוֹ כִּי אִם־יִחְיֶה חַיֵּי עוֹלָם׃ |
| The Bible Society in Israel (1977) | כִּי כֹּה אָהַב אֱלֹהִים אֶת הָעוֹלָם עַד כִּי נָתַן אֶת בְּנוֹ יְחִידוֹ לְמַעַן לֹא יֹאבַד כָּל הַמַּאֲמִין בּוֹ, אֶלָּא יִנְחַל חַיֵּי עוֹלָם׃ |
| The Living Bible (1977) | כי אלוהים אהב כל כך את העולם עד שהקריב את בנו היחיד, כדי שכל המאמין בו לא יאבד כי אם יחיה לנצח׃ |