Asprey
Encyclopedia
Asprey is a British
luxury brand with a heritage that dates back to 1781. The brand offers an extensive range of gifts, jewellery
, watches, leather
, silver
, bone china
, crystal
and rare books, all available in its flagship New Bond Street store. Asprey was once the destination for crowns
, coronet
s and sceptres for royal families around the world. This tradition of offering craftsmanship, quality and design Royal Warrant
is by appointment to H.R.H The Prince of Wales
.
, Surrey in 1781. Originally founded as a silk printing business by William Asprey, it soon became a luxury emporium. In 1841, William Asprey’s elder son Charles went into partnership with a stationer located on London’s Bond Street. In 1847 the family broke with this partner and moved into 167 New Bond Street, the premises Asprey occupies today.
From its central London location Asprey advertised ‘articles of exclusive design and high quality, whether for personal adornment or personal accompaniment and to endow with richness and beauty the table and homes of people of refinement and discernment.’ An early speciality was dressing cases. Asprey crafted traditional cases and designs, mostly in leather, suitable for the new style of travel ushered in by railways. Asprey was recognised for its expertise when it won a gold medal for its dressing cases at the International Exhibition of 1862.
The company consolidated its position through shrewd acquisitions. In 1859 Asprey absorbed Edwards, an award winning maker of dressing cases and holder of a Royal Warrant. The company also purchased the Alfred Club at 22 Albemarle Street, which backed on to the New Bond Street store and meant that Asprey now had entrances on two of London’s most fashionable streets.
, later to be crowned Edward VII, granted another Royal Warrant and the company enjoyed a longstanding and unbroken relationship with various members of the British Royal Family
. At the time of Edward VII’s funeral an Asprey member of staff remembered, ‘practically all the ruling heads of state were there, and many of them came to Asprey, you might have seen three or four of them at one time’. In 1953 it was the coronation of the current monarch, Elizabeth II. Asprey paid homage with the Asprey Coronation Year Gold Collection, which featured a dessert, coffee and liqueur service in 18-carat gold and weighed almost 27 pounds. In April 1953 it went on show in the New Bond Street store and subsequently toured the United States
.
, one of the most highly regarded craftsman and designers of his day. In the twenties, commissions poured in from around the world, from American millionaire J. Pierpont Morgan to potentates such as the Maharajah of Patiala. The Maharajah of Patiala commissioned a huge teak travelling trunk for each of his wives in which each trunk was fitted with solid silver washing and bathing utensils with waterspouts of ornate tiger head and lined with blue velvet. Asprey cigarette cases became collectable amongst young sophisticates who delighted in its other modern products, including travel clocks, safety razors and automatic pencil sharpeners.
created The Asprey Cut. The cushion cut gave Tolkowsky various options for incorporating the Asprey "A" inscription around the edges of the stone. The result was the 61-facet Asprey Cut, maximising light refraction to brilliant effect and offering a modern interpretation of a traditional design. Carat weights of Asprey Cut diamonds range from 0.50 to 3, with larger stones available to order. Asprey Cut diamonds are inscribed on one side of the cushion with the GIA
certificate number and with four distinctive 'A's on the other. It is also the only diamond that has the letter "A" on the crown; the Asprey Cut has a flower in the centre to create softness. The unique shape of the Asprey Cut means that the cutting process can be done only by hand, unlike many other stones that involve machine cutting.
boards.
(DWC) trophy. In addition, Asprey is responsible for crafting the ICC
cricket trophies, Wimbledon
championship runner-up and winner’s salvers as well as the FA cup
trophy and medals.The bespoke trophy-making service allows clients to create their own design using the finest materials and precious metals.
in 1996, winning the Championship and reaching the final in 1997.
Asprey will go to any length to meet a customer’s requirements. The firm’s craftsmen actually toasted three slices of bread in their workshop, fried the eggs, broiled the bacon, assembled the sandwich, made a mould and cast it. The silver gilt sandwich now sits on the desk of a Texan millionaire.
blockbuster, Titanic.
Asprey has featured in a number of films:
In 2009 Asprey became the official jewellery sponsor of The Orange British Academy Film Awards
and continues this partnership today.
Asprey also collaborated with screen stars, Angelina Jolie
and Brad Pitt
to create the Asprey’s Protector Collection of fine jewellery for both children and adults in 2009.
and the United Arab Emirates
. According to a survey of US high net worth consumers polled for the Luxury Institute
’s 2010 Luxury Brand Status Index, Asprey was ranked among the top three of international fine jewellery brands, able to deliver true luxury.
In March 2006 Sciens Capital Management, the US private equity firm, bought Asprey. “This is a historic luxury brand, and that is part of our reason for acquiring it," said chairman John Rigas, following the purchase from Lawrence Stroll, Silas Chou (of Sportswear Holdings Ltd) and Edgar Bronfman Jr.
Subsequently, Rigas has re-focused the business to concentrate on flagships and stand alone stores in key international locations. In 2009 Hermés, the French luxury fashion house made a property investment purchasing the freehold of the New Bond Street shop that Asprey occupies. However, Asprey holds a 31-year lease on the premises and continues to remain in the space.
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
luxury brand with a heritage that dates back to 1781. The brand offers an extensive range of gifts, jewellery
Jewellery
Jewellery or jewelry is a form of personal adornment, such as brooches, rings, necklaces, earrings, and bracelets.With some exceptions, such as medical alert bracelets or military dog tags, jewellery normally differs from other items of personal adornment in that it has no other purpose than to...
, watches, leather
Leather
Leather is a durable and flexible material created via the tanning of putrescible animal rawhide and skin, primarily cattlehide. It can be produced through different manufacturing processes, ranging from cottage industry to heavy industry.-Forms:...
, silver
Silver
Silver is a metallic chemical element with the chemical symbol Ag and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it has the highest electrical conductivity of any element and the highest thermal conductivity of any metal...
, bone china
Bone china
Bone china is a type of soft-paste porcelain that is composed of bone ash, feldspathic material and kaolin. It has been defined as ware with a translucent body containing a minimum of 30% of phosphate derived from animal bone and calculated calcium phosphate...
, crystal
Crystal
A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in an orderly repeating pattern extending in all three spatial dimensions. The scientific study of crystals and crystal formation is known as crystallography...
and rare books, all available in its flagship New Bond Street store. Asprey was once the destination for crowns
Crown (headgear)
A crown is the traditional symbolic form of headgear worn by a monarch or by a deity, for whom the crown traditionally represents power, legitimacy, immortality, righteousness, victory, triumph, resurrection, honour and glory of life after death. In art, the crown may be shown being offered to...
, coronet
Coronet
A coronet is a small crown consisting of ornaments fixed on a metal ring. Unlike a crown, a coronet never has arches.The word stems from the Old French coronete, a diminutive of coronne , itself from the Latin corona .Traditionally, such headgear is – as indicated by the German equivalent...
s and sceptres for royal families around the world. This tradition of offering craftsmanship, quality and design Royal Warrant
Royal Warrant
Royal warrants of appointment have been issued for centuries to those who supply goods or services to a royal court or certain royal personages. The warrant enables the supplier to advertise the fact that they supply to the royal family, so lending prestige to the supplier...
is by appointment to H.R.H The Prince of Wales
Prince of Wales
Prince of Wales is a title traditionally granted to the heir apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the 15 other independent Commonwealth realms...
.
Asprey - The Beginning
Asprey was established in England in MitchamMitcham
Mitcham is a district in the south west area of London, in the London Borough of Merton. A suburban area, Mitcham is located on the border of Inner London and Outer London. It is both residentially and financially developed, well served by Transport for London, and home to Mitcham Town Centre,...
, Surrey in 1781. Originally founded as a silk printing business by William Asprey, it soon became a luxury emporium. In 1841, William Asprey’s elder son Charles went into partnership with a stationer located on London’s Bond Street. In 1847 the family broke with this partner and moved into 167 New Bond Street, the premises Asprey occupies today.
From its central London location Asprey advertised ‘articles of exclusive design and high quality, whether for personal adornment or personal accompaniment and to endow with richness and beauty the table and homes of people of refinement and discernment.’ An early speciality was dressing cases. Asprey crafted traditional cases and designs, mostly in leather, suitable for the new style of travel ushered in by railways. Asprey was recognised for its expertise when it won a gold medal for its dressing cases at the International Exhibition of 1862.
The company consolidated its position through shrewd acquisitions. In 1859 Asprey absorbed Edwards, an award winning maker of dressing cases and holder of a Royal Warrant. The company also purchased the Alfred Club at 22 Albemarle Street, which backed on to the New Bond Street store and meant that Asprey now had entrances on two of London’s most fashionable streets.
Royal Patronage
In 1862 Asprey was granted its first Royal Warrant by Queen Victoria. The Prince of WalesPrince of Wales
Prince of Wales is a title traditionally granted to the heir apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the 15 other independent Commonwealth realms...
, later to be crowned Edward VII, granted another Royal Warrant and the company enjoyed a longstanding and unbroken relationship with various members of the British Royal Family
British Royal Family
The British Royal Family is the group of close relatives of the monarch of the United Kingdom. The term is also commonly applied to the same group of people as the relations of the monarch in her or his role as sovereign of any of the other Commonwealth realms, thus sometimes at variance with...
. At the time of Edward VII’s funeral an Asprey member of staff remembered, ‘practically all the ruling heads of state were there, and many of them came to Asprey, you might have seen three or four of them at one time’. In 1953 it was the coronation of the current monarch, Elizabeth II. Asprey paid homage with the Asprey Coronation Year Gold Collection, which featured a dessert, coffee and liqueur service in 18-carat gold and weighed almost 27 pounds. In April 1953 it went on show in the New Bond Street store and subsequently toured the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
.
20th Century Asprey
As the business grew, the company acquired new manufacturing facilities and hired silversmiths, goldsmiths, jewellers and watchmakers including Ernest Betjeman, the father of the distinguished poet John BetjemanJohn Betjeman
Sir John Betjeman, CBE was an English poet, writer and broadcaster who described himself in Who's Who as a "poet and hack".He was a founding member of the Victorian Society and a passionate defender of Victorian architecture...
, one of the most highly regarded craftsman and designers of his day. In the twenties, commissions poured in from around the world, from American millionaire J. Pierpont Morgan to potentates such as the Maharajah of Patiala. The Maharajah of Patiala commissioned a huge teak travelling trunk for each of his wives in which each trunk was fitted with solid silver washing and bathing utensils with waterspouts of ornate tiger head and lined with blue velvet. Asprey cigarette cases became collectable amongst young sophisticates who delighted in its other modern products, including travel clocks, safety razors and automatic pencil sharpeners.
Jewellery
Asprey has an established tradition of producing jewellery inspired by the blooms found in English gardens. Over the decades jewelled interpretations of flowers have evolved to include the Crown Daisy, Rose, Calla Lily and Lily Pad collections.The Asprey Cut Diamond
The master diamond cutter Gabi TolkowskyGabi Tolkowsky
Gabriel S. "Gabi" Tolkowsky is one of the world's most renowned diamond cutters, the sixth generation of the Tolkowsky family to make his name in the trade. He is the great nephew of Marcel Tolkowsky, the father of the modern round brilliant diamond cut.-Family history:In the 1800s Abraham...
created The Asprey Cut. The cushion cut gave Tolkowsky various options for incorporating the Asprey "A" inscription around the edges of the stone. The result was the 61-facet Asprey Cut, maximising light refraction to brilliant effect and offering a modern interpretation of a traditional design. Carat weights of Asprey Cut diamonds range from 0.50 to 3, with larger stones available to order. Asprey Cut diamonds are inscribed on one side of the cushion with the GIA
GIA
-Persons:*Gia Allemand , model*Gia Carangi , model*Gia Carides , actress*Gia Darling , transsexual adult film actress*Gia Farrell , singer*Gia Johnson , model*Gia Long , Vietnamese Emperor...
certificate number and with four distinctive 'A's on the other. It is also the only diamond that has the letter "A" on the crown; the Asprey Cut has a flower in the centre to create softness. The unique shape of the Asprey Cut means that the cutting process can be done only by hand, unlike many other stones that involve machine cutting.
Leather
The women’s collection of clutches and handbags, such as those featured in the 1781 collection, come from crocodile, python and ostrich. The men’s collection includes wallets, cardholders and travel watchcases crafted from lido, calf or alligator. Other items include the briefcases and backgammonBackgammon
Backgammon is one of the oldest board games for two players. The playing pieces are moved according to the roll of dice, and players win by removing all of their pieces from the board. There are many variants of backgammon, most of which share common traits...
boards.
Silver
Asprey offers classic and whimsical contemporary silver pieces - such as the saltcellar fashioned to look like a cement mixer or the wheel barrow salt holder with accompanying shovel spoon. Asprey also produce children’s gifts, including tooth boxes, picture frames and rattles. Gifts can be created to an individual’s specifications and personalised with engravings of names and dates.Watches
The Asprey Watch collections, for men and women, capture the Asprey spirit of craftsmanship married with design, of classic sensibilities expressed with a modern flair. Whether inspired by British instruments for travel and exploration or original designs from the Asprey archive.Trophies
Asprey’s unique heritage includes the design and manufacture of some of the world’s most prestigious sporting trophies, including the Race To Dubai trophy and the Dubai World ChampionshipDubai World Championship
The Dubai World Championship is a golf tournament on the European Tour that was held for the first time from 19–22 November 2009 on the Earth course at the Jumeirah Golf Estates in Dubai, United Arab Emirates....
(DWC) trophy. In addition, Asprey is responsible for crafting the ICC
International Cricket Council
The International Cricket Council is the international governing body of cricket. It was founded as the Imperial Cricket Conference in 1909 by representatives from England, Australia and South Africa, renamed the International Cricket Conference in 1965, and took up its current name in 1989.The...
cricket trophies, Wimbledon
The Championships, Wimbledon
The Championships, Wimbledon, or simply Wimbledon , is the oldest tennis tournament in the world, considered by many to be the most prestigious. It has been held at the All England Club in Wimbledon, London since 1877. It is one of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments, the other three Majors...
championship runner-up and winner’s salvers as well as the FA cup
FA Cup
The Football Association Challenge Cup, commonly known as the FA Cup, is a knockout cup competition in English football and is the oldest association football competition in the world. The "FA Cup" is run by and named after The Football Association and usually refers to the English men's...
trophy and medals.The bespoke trophy-making service allows clients to create their own design using the finest materials and precious metals.
Asprey Books
The Asprey fine and rare book tradition evolved from the early 1900s when a small compendia of reference books were produced in stands. However, it wasn’t until the Second World War, when raw materials were in such short supply, that Asprey began to offer second-hand and antiquarian books. Following the war, this practice was further developed to include a range of books, old and new, that were bound by Asprey, thus augmenting the company’s tradition in leather goods. Today, Asprey offers a range of first and limited editions, many in their original bindings and some if appropriate, in leather bindings customised by Asprey.Asprey Polo
Previously known as Argosy. Asprey Polo has developed a range of performance product for both player and pony. The range includes boots, saddles, bridles, helmets and mallets and is available from Asprey Polo, at the Royal County of Berkshire Polo Club. Asprey has a history in Polo, sponsoring teams and creating trophies for polo tournaments. It sponsored a 40-goal team in the Argentine OpenArgentine Open
The Argentine Open or Abierto de la República or Abierto de Argentina is one of the oldest national golf open championships. First played in 1905, it has featured numerous notable winners including major champions Jimmy Demaret , Lloyd Mangrum , Tom Weiskopf , Craig Stadler , Mark Calcavecchia ,...
in 1996, winning the Championship and reaching the final in 1997.
Bespoke and Master Craftsmanship
Asprey’s workshops are above the store allowing repairs and alterations to be completed while a customer waits. Five floors above the showrooms of the New Bond Street store are workshops where classic skills are employed by silversmiths, goldsmiths, jewellers, leatherworkers, engravers and watchmakers who labour alongside designers to create the Asprey product.Asprey will go to any length to meet a customer’s requirements. The firm’s craftsmen actually toasted three slices of bread in their workshop, fried the eggs, broiled the bacon, assembled the sandwich, made a mould and cast it. The silver gilt sandwich now sits on the desk of a Texan millionaire.
Asprey and Film
Asprey is closely associated with the world of film. Asprey’s ‘Coeur de la Mer’ necklace was featured in the 1997 James CameronJames Cameron
James Francis Cameron is a Canadian-American film director, film producer, screenwriter, editor, environmentalist and inventor...
blockbuster, Titanic.
Asprey has featured in a number of films:
- Flawless (2007 film)Flawless (2007 film)Flawless is a 2007 British fictional crime film directed by Michael Radford, written by Edward Anderson, and starring Michael Caine and Demi Moore....
- Matchpoint (2005)
- Sherlock Holmes (2009 film)Sherlock Holmes (2009 film)Sherlock Holmes is a 2009 action-mystery film based on the character of the same name created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The film was directed by Guy Ritchie and produced by Joel Silver, Lionel Wigram, Susan Downey and Dan Lin. The screenplay by Michael Robert Johnson, Anthony Peckham and Simon...
- Confessions of a Shopaholic (2009)
- The Ghost Writer (2010 film)
- Nanny McPheeNanny McPheeNanny McPhee is a 2005 fantasy film starring Emma Thompson and Colin Firth. Thompson also wrote the screenplay, which is adapted from Christianna Brand's Nurse Matilda books.-Plot:...
: The Big Bang (2010) - The Tourist (2010 film)The Tourist (2010 film)The Tourist is a 2010 romantic thriller film directed by Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck, starring Angelina Jolie and Johnny Depp. It is a remake of the 2005 French action film Anthony Zimmer....
In 2009 Asprey became the official jewellery sponsor of The Orange British Academy Film Awards
British Academy Film Awards
The British Academy Film Awards are presented in an annual award show hosted by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts . It is the British counterpart of the Oscars. As of 2008, it has taken place in the Royal Opera House, having taken over from the flagship Odeon cinema on Leicester Square...
and continues this partnership today.
Asprey also collaborated with screen stars, Angelina Jolie
Angelina Jolie
Angelina Jolie is an American actress. She has received an Academy Award, two Screen Actors Guild Awards, and three Golden Globe Awards, and was named Hollywood's highest-paid actress by Forbes in 2009 and 2011. Jolie is noted for promoting humanitarian causes as a Goodwill Ambassador for the...
and Brad Pitt
Brad Pitt
William Bradley "Brad" Pitt is an American actor and film producer. Pitt has received two Academy Award nominations and four Golden Globe Award nominations, winning one...
to create the Asprey’s Protector Collection of fine jewellery for both children and adults in 2009.
Key Dates
- 1781 Asprey begins trading as William Asprey in MitchamMitchamMitcham is a district in the south west area of London, in the London Borough of Merton. A suburban area, Mitcham is located on the border of Inner London and Outer London. It is both residentially and financially developed, well served by Transport for London, and home to Mitcham Town Centre,...
, SurreySurreySurrey is a county in the South East of England and is one of the Home Counties. The county borders Greater London, Kent, East Sussex, West Sussex, Hampshire and Berkshire. The historic county town is Guildford. Surrey County Council sits at Kingston upon Thames, although this has been part of... - 1847 Asprey flagship store opens on New Bond Street, LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
- 1851 At the Great Exhibition Asprey is awarded the gold medalGold medalA gold medal is typically the medal awarded for highest achievement in a non-military field. Its name derives from the use of at least a fraction of gold in form of plating or alloying in its manufacture...
by Queen Victoria - 1862 First Royal WarrantRoyal WarrantRoyal warrants of appointment have been issued for centuries to those who supply goods or services to a royal court or certain royal personages. The warrant enables the supplier to advertise the fact that they supply to the royal family, so lending prestige to the supplier...
granted by Queen Victoria - 1889 Edward VII grants the second Royal Warrant to Asprey Garrard
- 1925 HM Queen MaryMary of TeckMary of Teck was the queen consort of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Empress of India, as the wife of King-Emperor George V....
commissions necklace, later given to HRH Princess Margaret on the occasion of her 18th birthday - 1930 Maharajah of Patiala commissions five trunks, one for each of his five wives
- 1973 Bespoke chess set is commissioned for Ringo StarrRingo StarrRichard Starkey, MBE better known by his stage name Ringo Starr, is an English musician and actor who gained worldwide fame as the drummer for The Beatles. When the band formed in 1960, Starr was a member of another Liverpool band, Rory Storm and the Hurricanes. He became The Beatles' drummer in...
’s birthday - 1975 Asprey received the Queen’s Award to Industry by Queen Elizabeth
- 1990 Asprey and Garrard merge
- 2002 Asprey and Garrard split
- 2004 Lord Norman Foster redesigns the flagship store in New Bond Street, LondonLondonLondon is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
- 2006 Asprey celebrates its 225th anniversary and is granted its own coat of arms by the prestigious English college of arms in recognition of its long-term commitment to craftsmanship and luxury
- 2006 Sciens Capital Management and Plainfield Asset Management purchase the brand
- 2009 Asprey becomes the official jewellery sponsor of The Orange British Academy Film AwardsBritish Academy Film AwardsThe British Academy Film Awards are presented in an annual award show hosted by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts . It is the British counterpart of the Oscars. As of 2008, it has taken place in the Royal Opera House, having taken over from the flagship Odeon cinema on Leicester Square...
- 2010 Bruce Hoeksema is announced as the Creative Director
Corporate
Today Asprey continues to trade as a luxury goods house, active in markets including the USA, JapanJapan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
and the United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emirates, abbreviated as the UAE, or shortened to "the Emirates", is a state situated in the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman, and Saudi Arabia, and sharing sea borders with Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, and Iran.The UAE is a...
. According to a survey of US high net worth consumers polled for the Luxury Institute
The Luxury Institute
The Luxury Institute is a New York based ratings and research organization that conducts research on the luxury industry. The company offers luxury brand research, wealth-surveys of high net worth consumers, and custom consulting and speaking engagements. It also publishes nine annual issues of...
’s 2010 Luxury Brand Status Index, Asprey was ranked among the top three of international fine jewellery brands, able to deliver true luxury.
In March 2006 Sciens Capital Management, the US private equity firm, bought Asprey. “This is a historic luxury brand, and that is part of our reason for acquiring it," said chairman John Rigas, following the purchase from Lawrence Stroll, Silas Chou (of Sportswear Holdings Ltd) and Edgar Bronfman Jr.
Subsequently, Rigas has re-focused the business to concentrate on flagships and stand alone stores in key international locations. In 2009 Hermés, the French luxury fashion house made a property investment purchasing the freehold of the New Bond Street shop that Asprey occupies. However, Asprey holds a 31-year lease on the premises and continues to remain in the space.
Further Reading
- Official Website http://www.asprey.com
- Corporate Website http://corporate.asprey.com/home/
- Polo Website http://www.aspreypolo.com/
- http://www.christopherlong.co.uk/pri/asprey.html
- http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2010/feb/21/baftas-jewellers
- http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2009/sep/27/hermes-asprey-bond-street-shop
- http://www.fosterandpartners.com/Projects/1151/Default.aspx
- http://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/25/style/25iht-fasp_ed3_.html
- Asprey Press Releases http://www.asprey.com/news-events/press-releases/2010/
- Asprey News & Events http://www.asprey.com/news-events/
- http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1341164/Asprey-and-Garrard-go-separate-ways.html