Andover, Massachusetts
Encyclopedia
Andover is a town
in Essex County
, Massachusetts
, United States
. It was incorporated in 1646 and as of the 2010 census, the population was 33,201. It is part of the Boston-Cambridge
-Quincy
, Massachusetts
-New Hampshire
metropolitan statistical area, and is a suburb of Lawrence.
Part of the town comprises the census-designated place
of Andover
.
and South Lawrence
. In order to encourage settlement, early colonists were offered three years' immunity from taxes, levies and services (except military service). The first permanent settlement in the Andover area was established in 1641 by John Woodbridge
and a group of settlers from Newbury
and Ipswich
.
Shortly after they arrived, they purchased a piece of land from the local Pennacook
tribal chief Cutshamache for the price of "six pounds of currency and a coat" and on the condition that Roger, a local Pennacook man, would still be allowed to plant his corn and take alewives
from a local water source. Roger's Brook, a small stream which cuts through the eastern part of town, is named in his honor. In May 1646 the settlement was incorporated as a town and was named Andover. This name was likely chosen in honor of the town of Andover
in England, which was near the original home of some of the first residents. The first recorded town meeting was held in 1656 in the home of settler John Osgood in what is now the town of North Andover.
The old burying ground in what is now North Andover marks the center of the early town. Contrary to popular belief, the towns split due to the location of the Old North Church, also located in what is now North Andover. So technically, what is now Andover was not incorporated as a township until many years after 1646. The villagers from the southwestern part of the town were tired of walking all the way to the extreme north of what was then Andover, and decided to build their own church central to what is now Andover. Early on the general populace was concentrated together around the Old Center (North Andover) for protection from feared Indian attacks, but the Indians were fairly peaceful until the outbreak of King Philip's War
in 1675. King Philip
was an Indian who organized a revolt against the white settlers throughout most of New England. Six Indian raids occurred between 1676 and 1698 until ever-increasing numbers of white settlers established control of the land.
In November 1798, David Brown led a group in Dedham, Massachusetts in setting up a liberty pole
with the words, "No Stamp Act
, No Sedition Act
, No Alien Bills
, No Land Tax, downfall to the Tyrants of America; peace and retirement to the President; Love Live the Vice President," referring to then-President John Adams
and Vice President Thomas Jefferson
. Brown was arrested in Andover, Massachusetts but because he could not afford the $4,000 bail, he was taken to Salem
for trial. Brown was tried in June 1799. Brown wanted to plead guilty but Justice Samuel Chase
wanted him to name everybody who had helped him or who subscribed to his writings. Brown refused, was fined $480, and sentenced to eighteen months in prison, the most severe sentence then imposed under the Alien and Sedition Acts
.
in 1692, Andover resident Joseph Ballard asked for help for his wife from several girls in the neighboring Salem Village who were already identifying witches there. After visiting Elizabeth Ballard, the girls claimed that several people in Andover had bewitched her: Ann Foster, her daughter Mary Lacey Sr. and her granddaughter Mary Lacey Jr. During the course of the legal proceedings, more than 40 Andover citizens, mostly women and their children, were formally accused of having made a covenant with the Devil
. Three Andover residents, Martha Carrier, Mary Parker
, and Samuel Wardwell, were convicted and executed. Five others either pled guilty at arraignment or were convicted at trial: Ann Foster
, Mary Lacey Sr., and Abigail Faulkner Sr. (daughter of Andover's minister, Francis Dane
) in 1692 and Wardwell's wife Sarah and Rev. Dane's granddaughter, Elizabeth Johnson Jr. in 1693. Those who were not executed were granted reprieves by Gov. William Phips
, but the convictions remained on their records. In 1713, in response to petitions initiated in 1703 by Abigail Faulkner Sr. and Sarah Wardwell, Massachusetts Governor Joseph Dudley
reversed the attainder on the names of those who were convicted in the episode.
the first to be interred at age 80 in December, 1710. But despite this split, the town remained politically one unit.
For many years Andover was geographically one of the largest towns in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; in 1826 a third parish was established and West Parish Church was constructed on Reservation Road. In 1854, a measure was passed to divide the town into two separate political units according to the old parish boundaries. The name Andover was assumed by the more populous and wealthy West and South parishes, while the name North Andover was given to the North Parish.
. Although they did not arrive in time for the battle that day, they did go on to participate in the battle of Bunker Hill two months later and fought in subsequent skirmishes with the Redcoats during the war.
Among the Andover men who were representatives to the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention were Col. Samuel Osgood
, Zebadiah Abbot, John Farnum and Samuel Phillips, Jr. Phillips – who would later go on to found Phillips Academy
– was later appointed by John Adams
to help draft the Massachusetts state constitution.
During the burning of Charlestown (June 17, 1775) Andover townspeople hiked to the top of Holt Hill to witness it. Holt Hill is the highest geographical point in Essex County and is currently part of the Charles W. Ward Reservation.
and his wife Jane Pierce
, was killed in a train accident in town. The Boston & Maine noon express, traveling from Boston to Lawrence, was moving at 40 miles per hour when an axle broke. The only coach, in which Franklin Pierce was also riding, went down an embankment and broke in two. (The baggage car and locomotive had remained on the track.) Pierce's son was the only one killed, but it was initially reported that Pierce was also a fatality. He was only badly bruised. The Pierces had previously lost two other children. The death is said to have cast a pall on the couple, especially Jane, who entertained hardly at all in the White House and spent much of her time writing letters to her dead children. She died, still grief-stricken, in 1863.
began. William Jenkins - an ardent abolitionist and friend of William Lloyd Garrison
- and several others provided stops on the Underground Railroad
for runaway slaves. It should be noted that Harriet Beecher Stowe
, author of Uncle Tom's Cabin
, was a long time resident. Her home, known as Stowe House, is now owned by Phillips Academy
Andover. Her body is buried in Phillips Academy's cemetery. When the Confederate Army shelled Fort Sumter
in 1861, a company of 79 volunteers formed. By the time the war ended in 1865, 600 Andover men had served in the Union Army.
announced plans to build a million dollar mill in the already-existing mill community of Frye Village and rename the region "Shawsheen." The village was completely rebuilt as a "model industrial community" and became the site of the company's headquarters. The mill began operating in 1922 and within two years the village contained more than 200 houses, several community buildings, a few tennis courts, a swimming area, a bowling green
, an athletic field and a golf course. The employees rented their homes from the company; the brick structures were reserved for upper management and the wooden buildings for those of lesser position. This industrial utopia
, however, was short-lived - by the early 1940s almost all of the houses and administration buildings were in private hands. The mills became a victim of changing technology as synthetic fibers became more popular than wool. The American Woolen Company closed its mills in 1953, and the buildings today house a variety of businesses, homes, and apartments. The village left its mark nationally, however, when its soccer team, the Shawsheen Indians
won the national soccer championship
in 1925.
, the town has a total area of 32.1 square miles (83.2 km2), of which, 31.0 square miles (80.3 km2) of it is land and 1.1 square miles (2.9 km2) of it (3.49%) is water. Significant water areas include the Shawsheen River
and Haggetts Pond, located in west Andover, which serves as the town's reservoir. Haggetts Pond
was originally set apart from other waters, but since the late 1990s has had waters added from the Merrimack River
, which constitutes half of the town's northern border, to supplement the growing needs of the town. Andover is also home to the Harold Parker State Forest, the Charles W. Ward Reservation, the Harold R. Rafton Reservation, the Deer Jump Reservation (along the banks of the Merrimack), as well as a very small portion of Lawrence's Den Rock Park. The town also has several golf courses.
Andover's town center is located approximately four miles south of the center of Lawrence
, and is 22 miles (35.4 km) north of Boston and 30 miles (48.3 km) southeast of Manchester, New Hampshire
. Andover contains the westernmost point of Essex County, along the Merrimack River. It is bordered by Lawrence to the north, North Andover
to the northeast, North Reading
and Wilmington
to the south, Tewksbury
to the southwest.
Andover is the location of the intersection of Interstate 93
and Interstate 495
. The town is also served by Route 28, which passes as the main road from north to south through town, as well as Route 133
and Route 125
. Andover has two stops, Ballardvale
and Andover
along the Haverhill/Reading Line
of the MBTA Commuter Rail
, providing rail service from Haverhill to Boston's North Station. Andover Station is also neat the historic Third Railroad Station
, a former Boston and Maine Railroad
station that's listed on the National Register of Historic Places
. The nearest small plane service is at Lawrence Municipal Airport
in North Andover, and national service can be found at both Logan International Airport
and Manchester-Boston Regional Airport
, both within thirty miles of the town. Several routes of the Merrimack Valley Regional Transit Authority
also enter the town, mostly in the north end of town.
of 2000, there were 31,247 people, 11,305 households, and 8,490 families residing in the town. The population density
was 1,007.8 people per square mile (389.1/km2). There were 11,590 housing units at an average density of 144.3 persons/km2 (373.8 persons/sq mi). The racial makeup of the town was 91.60% White, 0.75% African American
, 0.06% Native American, 5.73% Asia
n, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.84% from other races, and 0.99% from two or more races. 1.81% of the population were Hispanic
or Latino
of any race.
There are 11,305 household
s out of which 40.3% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.6% were married couples
living together, 7.5% have a woman whose husband does not live with her, and 24.9% were non-families. 21.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.24.
In the town the population was spread out with 28.8% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 92.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.9 males.
According to a 2008 estimate, the median income for a household in the town was $114,319, and the median income for a family was $138,556. Males with full-time year-round jobs had a median income higher than $100,000; for females, the median was $62,532. The per capita income
for the town was $50,187. 2.3% of families and 3.4% of the population, including 4.0% of people aged under 18 years and 3.9% of people aged 65 and over, were below the poverty line.
New England town
The New England town is the basic unit of local government in each of the six New England states. Without a direct counterpart in most other U.S. states, New England towns are conceptually similar to civil townships in other states, but are incorporated, possessing powers like cities in other...
in Essex County
Essex County, Massachusetts
-National protected areas:* Parker River National Wildlife Refuge* Salem Maritime National Historic Site* Saugus Iron Works National Historic Site* Thacher Island National Wildlife Refuge-Demographics:...
, Massachusetts
Massachusetts
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2010...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. It was incorporated in 1646 and as of the 2010 census, the population was 33,201. It is part of the Boston-Cambridge
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Cambridge is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, in the Greater Boston area. It was named in honor of the University of Cambridge in England, an important center of the Puritan theology embraced by the town's founders. Cambridge is home to two of the world's most prominent...
-Quincy
Quincy, Massachusetts
Quincy is a city in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. Its nicknames are "City of Presidents", "City of Legends", and "Birthplace of the American Dream". As a major part of Metropolitan Boston, Quincy is a member of Boston's Inner Core Committee for the Metropolitan Area Planning Council...
, Massachusetts
Massachusetts
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2010...
-New Hampshire
New Hampshire
New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state was named after the southern English county of Hampshire. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian...
metropolitan statistical area, and is a suburb of Lawrence.
Part of the town comprises the census-designated place
Census-designated place
A census-designated place is a concentration of population identified by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes. CDPs are delineated for each decennial census as the statistical counterparts of incorporated places such as cities, towns and villages...
of Andover
Andover (CDP), Massachusetts
Andover is a census-designated place in the town of Andover in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 7,900 at the 2000 census.-Geography:...
.
Establishment and incorporation
In 1634, the Great and General Court of Massachusetts set aside a portion of land in what is now Essex County for an inland plantation, including parts of what is now Andover, North AndoverNorth Andover, Massachusetts
North Andover is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. North Andover is the home of Merrimack College, a private, Catholic four-year institution ....
and South Lawrence
Lawrence, Massachusetts
Lawrence is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States on the Merrimack River. According to the 2010 U.S. Census, the city had a total population of 76,377. Surrounding communities include Methuen to the north, Andover to the southwest, and North Andover to the southeast. It and Salem are...
. In order to encourage settlement, early colonists were offered three years' immunity from taxes, levies and services (except military service). The first permanent settlement in the Andover area was established in 1641 by John Woodbridge
John Woodbridge
John Woodbridge VI was an English nonconformist, who emigrated to New England. He had positions on both sides of the Atlantic, until 1663, when he settled permanently in New England.-Life:...
and a group of settlers from Newbury
Newbury, Massachusetts
Newbury is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 6,666 at the 2010 census. Newbury includes the villages of Old Town , Plum Island and Byfield, home of The Governor's Academy , a private preparatory school.- History :Newbury Plantation was settled and incorporated...
and Ipswich
Ipswich, Massachusetts
Ipswich is a coastal town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 12,987 at the 2000 census. Home to Willowdale State Forest and Sandy Point State Reservation, Ipswich includes the southern part of Plum Island...
.
Shortly after they arrived, they purchased a piece of land from the local Pennacook
Pennacook
The Pennacook, also known by the names Merrimack and Pawtucket, were a North American people that primarily inhabited the Merrimack River valley of present-day New Hampshire and Massachusetts, as well as portions of southern Maine...
tribal chief Cutshamache for the price of "six pounds of currency and a coat" and on the condition that Roger, a local Pennacook man, would still be allowed to plant his corn and take alewives
Alewife
The alewife is a species of herring. There are anadromous and landlocked forms. The landlocked form is also called a sawbelly or mooneye...
from a local water source. Roger's Brook, a small stream which cuts through the eastern part of town, is named in his honor. In May 1646 the settlement was incorporated as a town and was named Andover. This name was likely chosen in honor of the town of Andover
Andover, Hampshire
Andover is a town in the English county of Hampshire. The town is on the River Anton some 18.5 miles west of the town of Basingstoke, 18.5 miles north-west of the city of Winchester and 25 miles north of the city of Southampton...
in England, which was near the original home of some of the first residents. The first recorded town meeting was held in 1656 in the home of settler John Osgood in what is now the town of North Andover.
The old burying ground in what is now North Andover marks the center of the early town. Contrary to popular belief, the towns split due to the location of the Old North Church, also located in what is now North Andover. So technically, what is now Andover was not incorporated as a township until many years after 1646. The villagers from the southwestern part of the town were tired of walking all the way to the extreme north of what was then Andover, and decided to build their own church central to what is now Andover. Early on the general populace was concentrated together around the Old Center (North Andover) for protection from feared Indian attacks, but the Indians were fairly peaceful until the outbreak of King Philip's War
King Philip's War
King Philip's War, sometimes called Metacom's War, Metacomet's War, or Metacom's Rebellion, was an armed conflict between Native American inhabitants of present-day southern New England and English colonists and their Native American allies in 1675–76. The war is named after the main leader of the...
in 1675. King Philip
Metacomet
Metacomet , also known as King Philip or Metacom, or occasionally Pometacom, was a war chief or sachem of the Wampanoag Indians and their leader in King Philip's War, a widespread Native American uprising against English colonists in New England.-Biography:Metacomet was the second son of Massasoit...
was an Indian who organized a revolt against the white settlers throughout most of New England. Six Indian raids occurred between 1676 and 1698 until ever-increasing numbers of white settlers established control of the land.
In November 1798, David Brown led a group in Dedham, Massachusetts in setting up a liberty pole
Liberty pole
A liberty pole is a tall wooden pole, often used as a type of flagstaff, planted in the ground, which may be surmounted by an ensign or a liberty cap. They are associated with the Atlantic Revolutions of the late 18th century.-American Revolution:...
with the words, "No Stamp Act
Stamp Act 1765
The Stamp Act 1765 was a direct tax imposed by the British Parliament specifically on the colonies of British America. The act required that many printed materials in the colonies be produced on stamped paper produced in London, carrying an embossed revenue stamp...
, No Sedition Act
Alien and Sedition Acts
The Alien and Sedition Acts were four bills passed in 1798 by the Federalists in the 5th United States Congress in the aftermath of the French Revolution's reign of terror and during an undeclared naval war with France, later known as the Quasi-War. They were signed into law by President John Adams...
, No Alien Bills
Alien and Sedition Acts
The Alien and Sedition Acts were four bills passed in 1798 by the Federalists in the 5th United States Congress in the aftermath of the French Revolution's reign of terror and during an undeclared naval war with France, later known as the Quasi-War. They were signed into law by President John Adams...
, No Land Tax, downfall to the Tyrants of America; peace and retirement to the President; Love Live the Vice President," referring to then-President John Adams
John Adams
John Adams was an American lawyer, statesman, diplomat and political theorist. A leading champion of independence in 1776, he was the second President of the United States...
and Vice President Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson was the principal author of the United States Declaration of Independence and the Statute of Virginia for Religious Freedom , the third President of the United States and founder of the University of Virginia...
. Brown was arrested in Andover, Massachusetts but because he could not afford the $4,000 bail, he was taken to Salem
Salem, Massachusetts
Salem is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 40,407 at the 2000 census. It and Lawrence are the county seats of Essex County...
for trial. Brown was tried in June 1799. Brown wanted to plead guilty but Justice Samuel Chase
Samuel Chase
Samuel Chase was an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court and earlier was a signatory to the United States Declaration of Independence as a representative of Maryland. Early in life, Chase was a "firebrand" states-righter and revolutionary...
wanted him to name everybody who had helped him or who subscribed to his writings. Brown refused, was fined $480, and sentenced to eighteen months in prison, the most severe sentence then imposed under the Alien and Sedition Acts
Alien and Sedition Acts
The Alien and Sedition Acts were four bills passed in 1798 by the Federalists in the 5th United States Congress in the aftermath of the French Revolution's reign of terror and during an undeclared naval war with France, later known as the Quasi-War. They were signed into law by President John Adams...
.
Witchcraft
During the Salem witch trialsSalem witch trials
The Salem witch trials were a series of hearings before county court trials to prosecute people accused of witchcraft in the counties of Essex, Suffolk, and Middlesex in colonial Massachusetts, between February 1692 and May 1693...
in 1692, Andover resident Joseph Ballard asked for help for his wife from several girls in the neighboring Salem Village who were already identifying witches there. After visiting Elizabeth Ballard, the girls claimed that several people in Andover had bewitched her: Ann Foster, her daughter Mary Lacey Sr. and her granddaughter Mary Lacey Jr. During the course of the legal proceedings, more than 40 Andover citizens, mostly women and their children, were formally accused of having made a covenant with the Devil
Devil
The Devil is believed in many religions and cultures to be a powerful, supernatural entity that is the personification of evil and the enemy of God and humankind. The nature of the role varies greatly...
. Three Andover residents, Martha Carrier, Mary Parker
Mary Parker
For other articles about people named Mary Parker, see Mary Parker Mary Parker of Andover, Mass., was executed September 22, 1692, with several others, for witchcraft in the Salem witch trials. She was 55 years old and a widow. Mary's husband, Nathan, died in 1685...
, and Samuel Wardwell, were convicted and executed. Five others either pled guilty at arraignment or were convicted at trial: Ann Foster
Ann Foster
Ann Foster was an Andover widow accused of witchcraft during the Salem witch trials.Born in 1617, Ann came to Massachusetts from London in 1635 on the ship Abigail. Her mother, Ann Hooker, was a sister of Rev. Thomas Hooker, and her father was Deacon George Alcock. She married Andrew Foster and...
, Mary Lacey Sr., and Abigail Faulkner Sr. (daughter of Andover's minister, Francis Dane
Francis Dane
Francis Dane was baptized in Bishop's Stortford, England, and was probably born there.-Education and early career:...
) in 1692 and Wardwell's wife Sarah and Rev. Dane's granddaughter, Elizabeth Johnson Jr. in 1693. Those who were not executed were granted reprieves by Gov. William Phips
William Phips
Sir William Phips was a shipwright, ship's captain, treasure hunter, military leader, and the first royally-appointed governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay....
, but the convictions remained on their records. In 1713, in response to petitions initiated in 1703 by Abigail Faulkner Sr. and Sarah Wardwell, Massachusetts Governor Joseph Dudley
Joseph Dudley
Joseph Dudley was an English colonial administrator. A native of Roxbury, Massachusetts and son of one of its founders, he had a leading role in the administration of the unpopular Dominion of New England , and served briefly on the council of the Province of New York, where he oversaw the trial...
reversed the attainder on the names of those who were convicted in the episode.
The two parishes and the division of the town
By 1705, Andover's population had begun to move southward and the idea of a new meeting house in the south end of town was proposed. This was strongly opposed by the people living near the original meeting house in the north, but the dispute was finally settled in 1709 when the Great and General Court divided Andover into two parishes, North and South. After the division of the two parishes, South Andover established the South Parish "Burying-Yard," as it was called, with early Andover settler Robert RussellRussell House (Andover, Massachusetts)
Russell House is a historic house at 28 Rocky Hill Road in Andover, Massachusetts.The weatherboarded Federal-style home was built in 1805. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The farm encompasses some...
the first to be interred at age 80 in December, 1710. But despite this split, the town remained politically one unit.
For many years Andover was geographically one of the largest towns in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; in 1826 a third parish was established and West Parish Church was constructed on Reservation Road. In 1854, a measure was passed to divide the town into two separate political units according to the old parish boundaries. The name Andover was assumed by the more populous and wealthy West and South parishes, while the name North Andover was given to the North Parish.
Andover in the Revolutionary War
Records show that on the morning of April 19, 1775, approximately 350 Andover men marched toward LexingtonLexington, Massachusetts
Lexington is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 31,399 at the 2010 census. This town is famous for being the site of the first shot of the American Revolution, in the Battle of Lexington on April 19, 1775.- History :...
. Although they did not arrive in time for the battle that day, they did go on to participate in the battle of Bunker Hill two months later and fought in subsequent skirmishes with the Redcoats during the war.
Among the Andover men who were representatives to the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention were Col. Samuel Osgood
Samuel Osgood
Samuel Osgood was an American merchant and statesman born in North Andover Massachusetts, parent town of the Andovers. His family home still stands at 440 Osgood Street in North Andover...
, Zebadiah Abbot, John Farnum and Samuel Phillips, Jr. Phillips – who would later go on to found Phillips Academy
Phillips Academy
Phillips Academy is a selective, co-educational independent boarding high school for boarding and day students in grades 9–12, along with a post-graduate year...
– was later appointed by John Adams
John Adams
John Adams was an American lawyer, statesman, diplomat and political theorist. A leading champion of independence in 1776, he was the second President of the United States...
to help draft the Massachusetts state constitution.
During the burning of Charlestown (June 17, 1775) Andover townspeople hiked to the top of Holt Hill to witness it. Holt Hill is the highest geographical point in Essex County and is currently part of the Charles W. Ward Reservation.
Death of President-elect Franklin Pierce's son
On January 6, 1853, Benjamin "Bennie" Pierce, (1841–53) the 11-year-old son of President-elect Franklin PierceFranklin Pierce
Franklin Pierce was the 14th President of the United States and is the only President from New Hampshire. Pierce was a Democrat and a "doughface" who served in the U.S. House of Representatives and the Senate. Pierce took part in the Mexican-American War and became a brigadier general in the Army...
and his wife Jane Pierce
Jane Pierce
Jane Means Appleton Pierce , wife of U.S. President Franklin Pierce, was First Lady of the United States from 1853 to 1857....
, was killed in a train accident in town. The Boston & Maine noon express, traveling from Boston to Lawrence, was moving at 40 miles per hour when an axle broke. The only coach, in which Franklin Pierce was also riding, went down an embankment and broke in two. (The baggage car and locomotive had remained on the track.) Pierce's son was the only one killed, but it was initially reported that Pierce was also a fatality. He was only badly bruised. The Pierces had previously lost two other children. The death is said to have cast a pall on the couple, especially Jane, who entertained hardly at all in the White House and spent much of her time writing letters to her dead children. She died, still grief-stricken, in 1863.
Civil War
The anti-slavery movement had many supporters in Andover long before the American Civil WarAmerican Civil War
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...
began. William Jenkins - an ardent abolitionist and friend of William Lloyd Garrison
William Lloyd Garrison
William Lloyd Garrison was a prominent American abolitionist, journalist, and social reformer. He is best known as the editor of the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator, and as one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society, he promoted "immediate emancipation" of slaves in the United...
- and several others provided stops on the Underground Railroad
Underground Railroad
The Underground Railroad was an informal network of secret routes and safe houses used by 19th-century black slaves in the United States to escape to free states and Canada with the aid of abolitionists and allies who were sympathetic to their cause. The term is also applied to the abolitionists,...
for runaway slaves. It should be noted that Harriet Beecher Stowe
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Harriet Beecher Stowe was an American abolitionist and author. Her novel Uncle Tom's Cabin was a depiction of life for African-Americans under slavery; it reached millions as a novel and play, and became influential in the United States and United Kingdom...
, author of Uncle Tom's Cabin
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly is an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in 1852, the novel "helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War", according to Will Kaufman....
, was a long time resident. Her home, known as Stowe House, is now owned by Phillips Academy
Phillips Academy
Phillips Academy is a selective, co-educational independent boarding high school for boarding and day students in grades 9–12, along with a post-graduate year...
Andover. Her body is buried in Phillips Academy's cemetery. When the Confederate Army shelled Fort Sumter
Fort Sumter
Fort Sumter is a Third System masonry coastal fortification located in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. The fort is best known as the site upon which the shots initiating the American Civil War were fired, at the Battle of Fort Sumter.- Construction :...
in 1861, a company of 79 volunteers formed. By the time the war ended in 1865, 600 Andover men had served in the Union Army.
Shawsheen Village
In 1919, the American Woolen CompanyAmerican Woolen Company
The American Woolen Company was established in 1899 under the leadership of William M. Wood and his father-in-law Frederick Ayer through the consolidation of eight financially troubled New England woolen mills. At the company's height in the 1920s, it owned and operated 60 woolen mills across New...
announced plans to build a million dollar mill in the already-existing mill community of Frye Village and rename the region "Shawsheen." The village was completely rebuilt as a "model industrial community" and became the site of the company's headquarters. The mill began operating in 1922 and within two years the village contained more than 200 houses, several community buildings, a few tennis courts, a swimming area, a bowling green
Bowling green
A bowling green is a finely-laid, close-mown and rolled stretch of lawn for playing the game of lawn bowls.Before 1830, when Edwin Beard Budding invented the lawnmower, lawns were often kept cropped by grazing sheep on them...
, an athletic field and a golf course. The employees rented their homes from the company; the brick structures were reserved for upper management and the wooden buildings for those of lesser position. This industrial utopia
Utopia
Utopia is an ideal community or society possessing a perfect socio-politico-legal system. The word was imported from Greek by Sir Thomas More for his 1516 book Utopia, describing a fictional island in the Atlantic Ocean. The term has been used to describe both intentional communities that attempt...
, however, was short-lived - by the early 1940s almost all of the houses and administration buildings were in private hands. The mills became a victim of changing technology as synthetic fibers became more popular than wool. The American Woolen Company closed its mills in 1953, and the buildings today house a variety of businesses, homes, and apartments. The village left its mark nationally, however, when its soccer team, the Shawsheen Indians
Shawsheen Indians
Shawsheen Indians were an United States soccer club based in Andover, Massachusetts during the early 1920s.-History:The Shawsheen Football Club, known by its nickname The Indians, was founded by George Park and played in the New Bedford Industrial Soccer League in the early 1920s...
won the national soccer championship
Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup
The Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup is a knockout tournament in American soccer. The tournament is the oldest ongoing American soccer competition and is presently open to all United States Soccer Federation affiliated teams, from amateur adult club teams to the professional clubs of Major League...
in 1925.
Geography
According to the United States Census BureauUnited States Census Bureau
The United States Census Bureau is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census. It also gathers other national demographic and economic data...
, the town has a total area of 32.1 square miles (83.2 km2), of which, 31.0 square miles (80.3 km2) of it is land and 1.1 square miles (2.9 km2) of it (3.49%) is water. Significant water areas include the Shawsheen River
Shawsheen River
The Shawsheen River is a tributary of the Merrimack River in northeast Massachusetts. The name has had various spellings. According to Bailey's history of Andover, the spelling Shawshin was the most common in the old records, although Shawshine, Shashin, Shashine, Shashene, Shawshene, and later,...
and Haggetts Pond, located in west Andover, which serves as the town's reservoir. Haggetts Pond
Haggetts Pond
Haggetts Pond is the reservoir for the town of Andover, Massachusetts, United States. It is located in the western part of the town and also lends its name to a road. The Merrimack River is connected to the pond to add volume to the reservoir....
was originally set apart from other waters, but since the late 1990s has had waters added from the Merrimack River
Merrimack River
The Merrimack River is a river in the northeastern United States. It rises at the confluence of the Pemigewasset and Winnipesaukee rivers in Franklin, New Hampshire, flows southward into Massachusetts, and then flows northeast until it empties into the Atlantic Ocean at Newburyport...
, which constitutes half of the town's northern border, to supplement the growing needs of the town. Andover is also home to the Harold Parker State Forest, the Charles W. Ward Reservation, the Harold R. Rafton Reservation, the Deer Jump Reservation (along the banks of the Merrimack), as well as a very small portion of Lawrence's Den Rock Park. The town also has several golf courses.
Andover's town center is located approximately four miles south of the center of Lawrence
Lawrence, Massachusetts
Lawrence is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States on the Merrimack River. According to the 2010 U.S. Census, the city had a total population of 76,377. Surrounding communities include Methuen to the north, Andover to the southwest, and North Andover to the southeast. It and Salem are...
, and is 22 miles (35.4 km) north of Boston and 30 miles (48.3 km) southeast of Manchester, New Hampshire
Manchester, New Hampshire
Manchester is the largest city in the U.S. state of New Hampshire, the tenth largest city in New England, and the largest city in northern New England, an area comprising the states of Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont. It is in Hillsborough County along the banks of the Merrimack River, which...
. Andover contains the westernmost point of Essex County, along the Merrimack River. It is bordered by Lawrence to the north, North Andover
North Andover, Massachusetts
North Andover is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. North Andover is the home of Merrimack College, a private, Catholic four-year institution ....
to the northeast, North Reading
North Reading, Massachusetts
North Reading is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 14,892 at the 2010 census.-History:The area was first settled in 1651 when the town of Reading received a special land grant north of the Ipswich River...
and Wilmington
Wilmington, Massachusetts
Wilmington is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 22,325 at the 2010 census.-History:Wilmington was first settled in 1665 and was officially incorporated in 1730, from parts of Woburn, Reading and Billerica. Minutemen from Wilmington responded to the alarm...
to the south, Tewksbury
Tewksbury, Massachusetts
Tewksbury is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 28,961 at the 2010 census.- History :Tewksbury was first settled in 1637 and was officially incorporated in 1734 from Billerica. Like Tewksbury Township, New Jersey, it is named after the town of Tewkesbury,...
to the southwest.
Andover is the location of the intersection of Interstate 93
Interstate 93
Interstate 93 is an Interstate Highway in the New England section of the United States. Its southern terminus is in Canton, Massachusetts, in the Boston metropolitan area, at Interstate 95; its northern terminus is near St. Johnsbury, Vermont, at Interstate 91...
and Interstate 495
Interstate 495 (Massachusetts)
Interstate 495 is the designation of an Interstate Highway half-beltway in Massachusetts. It was the longest auxiliary Interstate Highway of its kind—measuring 120.74 miles —until 1996, when the PA Route 9 section of the Pennsylvania Turnpike was redesignated as Interstate 476, making it about ...
. The town is also served by Route 28, which passes as the main road from north to south through town, as well as Route 133
Massachusetts Route 133
Route 133 is an east–west Massachusetts state route that runs from Lowell to Gloucester.-Route description:Route 133 begins at the junction of Route 38 and Route 110 in Lowell, where Route 110 begins a concurrency with Route 38 northbound. Route 133 heads east from this point, heading...
and Route 125
Massachusetts Route 125
Route 125 is a Massachusetts state route that while running southwest to northeast, is signed north–south. It runs from Interstate 93 in Wilmington to the Massachusetts-New Hampshire state line in Haverhill, where it continues as New Hampshire Route 125 through Plaistow to Rochester, New...
. Andover has two stops, Ballardvale
Ballardvale (MBTA station)
Ballardvale is a passenger rail station on MBTA Commuter Rail's Haverhill Line. It is officially located at 195 Andover Street in Andover, Massachusetts, where the Haverhill Line crosses a wye between Andover and Tewksbury Streets...
and Andover
Andover (MBTA station)
Andover is a rail station on the MBTA Commuter Rail system in Andover, Massachusetts. The station is located at 17 Railroad Street near the town center. Service to the station is provided by the Haverhill Line from Boston to Haverhill, Massachusetts both inbound and outbound...
along the Haverhill/Reading Line
Haverhill/Reading Line
The Haverhill Line is a branch of the MBTA Commuter Rail system, running north from downtown Boston, Massachusetts through the cities and towns ofMalden,Melrose,Wakefield,Reading,Wilmington,Andover,...
of the MBTA Commuter Rail
MBTA Commuter Rail
The MBTA Commuter Rail serves as the regional rail arm of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority, in the United States. It is operated under contract by the Massachusetts Bay Commuter Railroad Company a joint partnership of Veolia Transportation, Bombardier Transportation and Alternate...
, providing rail service from Haverhill to Boston's North Station. Andover Station is also neat the historic Third Railroad Station
Third Railroad Station
Third Railroad Station is a historic station at 100 School Street in Andover, Massachusetts. It was built by the Boston and Maine Railroad in 1906, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The station exists along the MBTA Commuter Rail Haverhill/Reading Line, and is in close...
, a former Boston and Maine Railroad
Boston and Maine Railroad
The Boston and Maine Corporation , known as the Boston and Maine Railroad until 1964, was the dominant railroad of the northern New England region of the United States for a century...
station that's listed on the National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation...
. The nearest small plane service is at Lawrence Municipal Airport
Lawrence Municipal Airport (Massachusetts)
Lawrence Municipal Airport is a public airport located two miles east of the central business district of Lawrence, a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States...
in North Andover, and national service can be found at both Logan International Airport
Logan International Airport
General Edward Lawrence Logan International Airport is located in the East Boston neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts . It covers , has six runways, and employs an estimated 16,000 people. It is the 19th busiest airport in the United States.Boston serves as a focus city for JetBlue Airways...
and Manchester-Boston Regional Airport
Manchester-Boston Regional Airport
Manchester-Boston Regional Airport , commonly referred to simply as "Manchester Airport," is a public airport located three miles south of the central business district of Manchester, New Hampshire on the county line of Hillsborough and Rockingham counties...
, both within thirty miles of the town. Several routes of the Merrimack Valley Regional Transit Authority
Merrimack Valley Regional Transit Authority
The Merrimack Valley Regional Transit Authority is a public, non-profit organization in Massachusetts, charged with providing public transportation to an area consisting of the cities and towns of Amesbury, Andover, Boxford, Georgetown, Groveland, Haverhill, Lawrence, Merrimac, Methuen, Newbury,...
also enter the town, mostly in the north end of town.
Demographics
As of the censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
of 2000, there were 31,247 people, 11,305 households, and 8,490 families residing in the town. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
was 1,007.8 people per square mile (389.1/km2). There were 11,590 housing units at an average density of 144.3 persons/km2 (373.8 persons/sq mi). The racial makeup of the town was 91.60% White, 0.75% African American
African American
African Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have at least partial ancestry from any of the native populations of Sub-Saharan Africa and are the direct descendants of enslaved Africans within the boundaries of the present United States...
, 0.06% Native American, 5.73% Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...
n, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.84% from other races, and 0.99% from two or more races. 1.81% of the population were Hispanic
Hispanic
Hispanic is a term that originally denoted a relationship to Hispania, which is to say the Iberian Peninsula: Andorra, Gibraltar, Portugal and Spain. During the Modern Era, Hispanic sometimes takes on a more limited meaning, particularly in the United States, where the term means a person of ...
or Latino
Latino
The demonyms Latino and Latina , are defined in English language dictionaries as:* "a person of Latin-American descent."* "A Latin American."* "A person of Hispanic, especially Latin-American, descent, often one living in the United States."...
of any race.
There are 11,305 household
Household
The household is "the basic residential unit in which economic production, consumption, inheritance, child rearing, and shelter are organized and carried out"; [the household] "may or may not be synonymous with family"....
s out of which 40.3% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.6% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...
living together, 7.5% have a woman whose husband does not live with her, and 24.9% were non-families. 21.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.24.
In the town the population was spread out with 28.8% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 26.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 92.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.9 males.
According to a 2008 estimate, the median income for a household in the town was $114,319, and the median income for a family was $138,556. Males with full-time year-round jobs had a median income higher than $100,000; for females, the median was $62,532. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...
for the town was $50,187. 2.3% of families and 3.4% of the population, including 4.0% of people aged under 18 years and 3.9% of people aged 65 and over, were below the poverty line.
Education
Public schools
Andover has a public school system.- Elementary Schools (K-5)- Shawsheen (K-2), Bancroft, West Elementary, South, Sanborn, High Plain
- Middle Schools (6-8)- Doherty, West Middle, Wood Hill
- High Schools (9-12)- Andover High School
- Greater Lawrence Technical SchoolGreater Lawrence Technical School-Greater Lawrence Technical School:Established in 1963, the prepares students for college and career. Greater Lawrence is a four-year career and technical high school offering technical programs, a technology-rich curriculum, strong academics with personalized academic support and honors classes,...
, serves grades 9-12
Private schools
- Saint Augustine's, Catholic, serves grades K-8
- The Pike SchoolThe Pike SchoolThe Pike School, founded in 1926 by Cynthia E. Pike, is an independent, coed day school in Andover, Massachusetts that serves students in grades Pre-kindergarten through Nine...
, serves grades Pre-K-9 - Phillips AcademyPhillips AcademyPhillips Academy is a selective, co-educational independent boarding high school for boarding and day students in grades 9–12, along with a post-graduate year...
, serves grades 9-12 (Post-Grad) - Andover School of Montessori
Points of interest
- Phillips AcademyPhillips AcademyPhillips Academy is a selective, co-educational independent boarding high school for boarding and day students in grades 9–12, along with a post-graduate year...
, a prep schoolUniversity-preparatory schoolA university-preparatory school or college-preparatory school is a secondary school, usually private, designed to prepare students for a college or university education...
founded in 1778 with many famous alumni http://www.andover.edu/about_andover/notable_alums.htm - The Andover InnThe Andover InnThe Andover Inn is a historic inn located on the campus of Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts. It was built upon the site of a stone building that had once been lived in by Harriet Beecher Stowe. It was first built in 1930 and was known as the Phillips Inn until 1940...
, a New England country inn on the Phillips campus. - The Internal Revenue ServiceInternal Revenue ServiceThe Internal Revenue Service is the revenue service of the United States federal government. The agency is a bureau of the Department of the Treasury, and is under the immediate direction of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue...
(IRS) Andover Campus service center, which for many years accepted tax forms from several neighboring states. With increasing rates of e-filing, that function was threatened with phase-out in 2009. The federal employee's union, National Treasury Employees UnionNational Treasury Employees UnionThe National Treasury Employees Union is an independent labor union representing approximately 150,000 employees of 30 agencies of the United States government...
, in mid-2009 pushed for special consideration under the Troubled Asset Relief Program for employees threatened with losing jobs. In late 2009, the U.S. General Services AdministrationGeneral Services AdministrationThe General Services Administration is an independent agency of the United States government, established in 1949 to help manage and support the basic functioning of federal agencies. The GSA supplies products and communications for U.S...
received money through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, abbreviated ARRA and commonly referred to as the Stimulus or The Recovery Act, is an economic stimulus package enacted by the 111th United States Congress in February 2009 and signed into law on February 17, 2009, by President Barack Obama.To...
to fund the $85 million greenEnvironmentally friendlyEnvironmentally friendly are terms used to refer to goods and services, laws, guidelines and policies claimed to inflict minimal or no harm on the environment....
modernization of the 1967 building complex. - Andover is the site of a large factory owned by RaytheonRaytheonRaytheon Company is a major American defense contractor and industrial corporation with core manufacturing concentrations in weapons and military and commercial electronics. It was previously involved in corporate and special-mission aircraft until early 2007...
, the builder of the Patriot Missile - Chandler-Bigsby-Abbot HouseChandler-Bigsby-Abbot HouseChandler-Bigsby-Abbot House is a historic house at 88 Lowell Street in Andover, Massachusetts and is the oldest surviving house in Andover....
, built in 1673, is the oldest house in Andover - Andover is home to the second oldest land preservation society in the country, the Andover Village Improvement SocietyAndover Village Improvement SocietyThe Andover Village Improvement Society is a land preservation society in Andover, Massachusetts. Founded in 1894, AVIS is the second oldest land preservation society in the USA...
(AVIS), which controls over 1100 acres (4.5 km²).
Internet
Based on Pando networks content delivery service released on September 2011, Andover was the only city in the United States to be one of the 10 cities in the world with the fastest Internet speed. At 22.41 Mbps it is still far behind the top city in the world at 33.5 Mbps.Notable residents
- Abiel AbbotAbiel AbbotAbiel Abbot was a prominent clergyman. He was born to John and Abigail Abbot in Andover, Massachusetts, and went on to study at Harvard University. He married Eunice Wales in 1796....
, (1770–1828), Massachusetts clergyman and author - Benjamin AbbotBenjamin AbbotBenjamin Abbot, September 17, 1762–October 25, 1849 , was an American schoolteacher. His most significant work was his work as a teacher at the Phillips Exeter Academy....
, teacher at Phillips AcademyPhillips AcademyPhillips Academy is a selective, co-educational independent boarding high school for boarding and day students in grades 9–12, along with a post-graduate year... - Amos AbbottAmos AbbottAmos Abbott was a United States Congressman from Massachusetts.Son of Jeduthan Abbott and Hannah Poor , he was born in Andover, Essex, MA, USA...
, United States Congressman from Massachusetts - John AdamsJohn Adams (educator)John Adams was an American educator noted for organizing several hundred Sunday schools. His life was celebrated by Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr...
, teacher at Phillips Academy from 1810 through 1832 - Apollo SunshineApollo SunshineApollo Sunshine is a 21st-century alternative rock band which originated in Boston, Massachusetts.-History:Sam Cohen, Jesse Gallagher, and Jeremy Black originally met in 1997 in Boston,...
, band, members from Andover - Harriette Newell Woods BakerHarriette Newell Woods BakerHarriette Newell Woods Baker was a prolific American author of books for children.-Biography:Herriette Newell Woods was born on August 19, 1815 in Andover, Massachusetts. She began writing at an early age and had her first story published at age 10. Baker attended Abbot Female Seminary. She...
, author of over 200 short stories - Anne BradstreetAnne BradstreetAnne Dudley Bradstreet was New England's first published poet. Her work met with a positive reception in both the Old World and the New World.-Biography:...
, 17th-century poet - Charlotte Emerson Brown, founder of Rockford Conservancy of Music, president of General Federation of Women's ClubsGeneral Federation of Women's ClubsThe General Federation of Women's Clubs , founded in 1890, is an international women's organization dedicated to community improvement by enhancing the lives of others through volunteer service...
- Lorraine BroderickLorraine BroderickLorraine Broderick is an American television soap opera writer who got her start on All My Children as a protégée of the show's creator, Agnes Nixon.-Bio:...
, Emmy-award winning writer - Bill BucknerBill BucknerWilliam Joseph Buckner is a former Major League Baseball first baseman. Despite winning a batting crown in , representing the Chicago Cubs at the All-Star Game the following season and accumulating over 2,700 hits in his twenty-year career, he is best remembered for a fielding error during Game 6...
, former Red Sox player - Steven T. ByingtonSteven T. ByingtonSteven Tracy Byington was a noted intellectual, translator, and American individualist anarchist. He was born in Westford, Vermont, and later moved to Ballardvale section of Andover, Massachusetts. A one-time proponent of Georgism, he converted to individualist anarchism after associating with...
, American individualist anarchist - Sumner CarruthSumner CarruthSumner Carruth was an officer in the volunteer army of the United States during the American Civil War. He commanded the 35th Massachusetts Infantry and eventually rose to the command of two different brigades in the IX Corps.-Pre-War:...
, Civil War officer - Mike Mullen, United States Navy Admiral
- Michael Casey, poet
- Michael ChiklisMichael ChiklisMichael Charles Chiklis is an American actor, voice actor, occasional director and television producer. Some of the previous roles for which he is best known include Commissioner Tony Scali on the ABC police drama The Commish, LAPD Detective Vic Mackey on the FX police drama The Shield, Thing in...
, actor, The ShieldThe ShieldThe Shield is an American television drama series starring Michael Chiklis which premiered on March 12, 2002 on FX in the United States and concluded on November 25, 2008 after seven seasons... - Andrew CoburnAndrew Coburn (author)Andrew Coburn is a United States novelist. His work has been translated into fourteen languages and three of his novels have been adapted into French films subsequently subtitled in German and Italian. He is married to Bernadine Casey Coburn, a former journalist and Boston University publicist...
, author, Edgar Allan Poe AwardEdgar AwardThe Edgar Allan Poe Awards , named after Edgar Allan Poe, are presented every year by the Mystery Writers of America...
nominee http://www.mhl.org/andover/authors.htm#ANDREW_ http://www.fantasticfiction.co.uk/c/andrew-coburn/ - Bill CunliffeBill CunliffeBill Cunliffe is an American jazz pianist and composer based in Los Angeles He has been described by The New York Times as being in the "modern jazz mainstream" and as an "accomplished pianist and composer." Ernie Rideout of Keyboard Magazine described Cunliffe's playing as "inventive, melodic,...
, Grammy AwardGrammy AwardA Grammy Award — or Grammy — is an accolade by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to recognize outstanding achievement in the music industry...
winning composer, arranger, jazz pianist - Buddy FarnhamBuddy FarnhamMark Buddy Farnham is an American football wide receiver who is currently a free agent. He was signed by the New England Patriots as an undrafted free agent in 2010...
, wide receiver for the New England PatriotsNew England PatriotsThe New England Patriots, commonly called the "Pats", are a professional football team based in the Greater Boston area, playing their home games in the town of Foxborough, Massachusetts at Gillette Stadium. The team is part of the East Division of the American Football Conference in the National...
. - Linda Sones Fineburg, author http://www.mhl.org/andover/authors.htm#ANDREW_
- Barry FinegoldBarry FinegoldBarry R. Finegold is a Democratic member of the Massachusetts Senate representing the Second Essex and Middlesex district. He has served since January 2011...
, member of the Mass. House of Representatives (served 1996–present) - Dudley FittsDudley FittsDudley Fitts was an American teacher, critic, poet, andtranslator. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and attended Harvard University where he edited the Harvard Advocate. He taught at The Choate School 1926-1941 and at Phillips Academy at Andover 1941-1968...
, Edeucator, critic, poet and translator - Abiel FosterAbiel FosterAbiel Foster was an American clergyman and statesman from Canterbury, New Hampshire. He represented New Hampshire in the Continental Congress and the U.S. Congress....
, clergyman and United States Congressman from New HampshireNew HampshireNew Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state was named after the southern English county of Hampshire. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian... - Joseph FryeJoseph FryeJoseph Frye was a renowned military leader from colonial Maine.Born in Andover, Massachusetts, he obtained the rank of general in the Massachusetts militia after serving in King George's War and the French and Indian War...
, brigadier generalBrigadier GeneralBrigadier general is a senior rank in the armed forces. It is the lowest ranking general officer in some countries, usually sitting between the ranks of colonel and major general. When appointed to a field command, a brigadier general is typically in command of a brigade consisting of around 4,000...
in the Continental ArmyContinental ArmyThe Continental Army was formed after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America. Established by a resolution of the Continental Congress on June 14, 1775, it was created to coordinate the military efforts of the Thirteen Colonies in...
who advocated separation of MaineMaineMaine is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and south, New Hampshire to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Quebec to the northwest and New Brunswick to the northeast. Maine is both the northernmost and easternmost...
from Massachusetts. Fryeburg, Maine, is named in his honor - Jeremiah IngallsJeremiah IngallsJeremiah Ingalls was born Andover, Massachusetts March 1, 1764 and died in Hancock, Vermont, April 6, 1838. He was one of the first American composers, and is considered among the First New England School.-Biography:...
, early American folk composer - Martin Johnson, lead vocalistLead vocalistThe lead vocalist is the member of a band who sings the main vocal portions of a song. They may also play one or more instruments. Lead vocalists are sometimes referred to as the frontman or frontwoman, and as such, are usually considered to be the "leader" of the groups they perform in, often the...
and guitaristGuitaristA guitarist is a musician who plays the guitar. Guitarists may play a variety of instruments such as classical guitars, acoustic guitars, electric guitars, and bass guitars. Some guitarists accompany themselves on the guitar while singing.- Versatility :The guitarist controls an extremely...
for band Boys Like GirlsBoys Like GirlsBoys Like Girls is an American rock band from Massachusetts. Formed in 2005, the group gained mainstream recognition when it released its self-titled debut album. Boys Like Girls was the co-headliner with Good Charlotte for the Soundtrack of Your Summer Tour 2008 that toured across the United... - Howard KohHoward KohHoward Kyongju Koh is the 14th United States Assistant Secretary for Health for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services , after being nominated by President Barack Obama and confirmed by the U.S. Senate in 2009.As the Assistant Secretary for Health, Dr...
, Harvard University Professor and former Massachusetts Commissioner of Public Health (1997–2003) - Brian Kelley, CEO and founder of New Life NetworkNew Life NetworkNew Life Network is an international distributor of family-friendly television programs. Since its founding in 1989 it has worked internationally in over 50 countries. NLN was incorporated in 1994 in the USA. The corporation has its seat in Delaware. The international office is located in Auggen,...
- Susan Kelly, author, Anthony Award nominee http://www.mhl.org/andover/authors.htm#ANDREW_
- Priscilla Lane, actress, Arsenic and Old LaceArsenic and Old Lace (film)Arsenic and Old Lace is a 1944 film directed by Frank Capra based on Joseph Kesselring's play of the same name. The script adaptation was by twins Julius J. Epstein and Philip G. Epstein. Capra actually filmed the movie in 1941, but it was not released until 1944, after the original stage version...
- Jonathan LeavittJonathan Leavitt (publisher)Jonathan Leavitt was a bookbinder who later co-founded the New York City publishing firm of Leavitt & Trow, one of the nation's first publishing houses. Leavitt was also co-founder of another early New York publishing house with his brother-in-law Daniel Appleton...
, founder, early New York CityNew York CityNew York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
publishing house - Jay LenoJay LenoJames Douglas Muir "Jay" Leno is an American stand-up comedian and television host.From 1992 to 2009, Leno was the host of NBC's The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. Beginning in September 2009, Leno started a primetime talk show, titled The Jay Leno Show, which aired weeknights at 10:00 p.m. ,...
, entertainer, The Tonight ShowThe Tonight ShowThe Tonight Show is an American late-night talk show that has aired on NBC since 1954. It is the longest currently running regularly scheduled entertainment program in the United States, and the third longest-running show on NBC, after Meet the Press and Today.The Tonight Show has been hosted by... - Jim LoscutoffJim LoscutoffJames Loscutoff Jr. is a former professional basketball player for the NBA's Boston Celtics. A forward, Loscutoff played on seven Celtics championship teams between 1956 and 1964....
, former Boston CelticsBoston CelticsThe Boston Celtics are a National Basketball Association team based in Boston, Massachusetts. They play in the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference. Founded in 1946, the team is currently owned by Boston Basketball Partners LLC. The Celtics play their home games at the TD Garden, which...
player - Marcus Morton (jurist)Marcus Morton (jurist)Marcus Morton , American lawyer and jurist who served as Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, was born in Taunton, the son of future Governor Marcus Morton and his wife Charlotte . He attended Bristol County Academy, was graduated from Brown University in 1838, and from...
(1819–1891) Chief Justice(1882–1890) of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial CourtMassachusetts Supreme Judicial CourtThe Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court is the highest court in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The SJC has the distinction of being the oldest continuously functioning appellate court in the Western Hemisphere.-History:...
. - Arno Rafael MinkkinenArno Rafael MinkkinenArno Rafael Minkkinen is a Finnish photographer who works in the United States.-Career:Minkkinen is known for his black and white abstract pieces which juxtapose bodies and landscapes in surprising ways: he "directs scenes in which his body — or a portion of it — appears as an integral...
Finnish-American fine art photographer, educator and author - Paul MonettePaul MonettePaul Landry Monette was an American author, poet, and activist best remembered for his essays about gay relationships.-Biography:...
, author, National Book Award winner for non-fiction http://www.mhl.org/andover/authors.htm#ANDREW_ - Mary McGarry MorrisMary McGarry MorrisMary McGarry Morris is an American novelist, short story author and playwright. In 1991, Michiko Kakutani of The New York Times described Mary McGarry Morris as "one of the most skillful new writers at work in America today" ; The Washington Post has described her as a "superb storyteller" ; and...
, National Book AwardNational Book AwardThe National Book Awards are a set of American literary awards. Started in 1950, the Awards are presented annually to American authors for literature published in the current year. In 1989 the National Book Foundation, a nonprofit organization which now oversees and manages the National Book...
and PEN/Faulkner finalist and best-selling author of Songs in Ordinary TimeSongs in Ordinary TimeSongs in Ordinary Time is the 1995 novel by Mary McGarry Morris, and was chosen as an Oprah's Book Club selection in June 1997.-Plot introduction:...
http://www.mhl.org/andover/authors.htm#ANDREW_ - Samuel Phillips Newman, clergyman, educator, author, professor and later president of Bowdoin CollegeBowdoin CollegeBowdoin College , founded in 1794, is an elite private liberal arts college located in the coastal Maine town of Brunswick, Maine. As of 2011, U.S. News and World Report ranks Bowdoin 6th among liberal arts colleges in the United States. At times, it was ranked as high as 4th in the country. It is...
- Samuel OsgoodSamuel OsgoodSamuel Osgood was an American merchant and statesman born in North Andover Massachusetts, parent town of the Andovers. His family home still stands at 440 Osgood Street in North Andover...
, United States Postmaster GeneralUnited States Postmaster GeneralThe United States Postmaster General is the Chief Executive Officer of the United States Postal Service. The office, in one form or another, is older than both the United States Constitution and the United States Declaration of Independence...
under President George WashingtonGeorge WashingtonGeorge Washington was the dominant military and political leader of the new United States of America from 1775 to 1799. He led the American victory over Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army from 1775 to 1783, and presided over the writing of... - PiebaldPiebald (band)Piebald is an American alternative rock band. Piebald started as a hardcore band in Andover, Massachusetts, out of the same scene that produced legends Converge. They later moved to the Boston suburb of Somerville and became a staple of the Greater Boston indie rock scene. Two members still live in...
, band - Salem PoorSalem PoorBorn into slavery in Andover, Massachusetts, Salem Poor managed to buy his freedom in 1769 for £27. Poor soon married a free African American woman named Nancy. In 1775, he enlisted in the militia, serving under Captain Benjamin Ames in Colonel James Fryes' regiment, opposing the British troops...
, freed slave who fought at the Battle of Bunker Hill and had a postage stamp issued in his honor http://library.thinkquest.org/2667/Poor.htm - Jenny PowersJenny PowersJennifer Diane Powers is an American actress, singer, and beauty pageant contestant. She won the title of Miss Illinois in 2000, and has had major roles in Broadway productions such as Little Women and Grease....
, actress on Broadway - Jim RiceJim RiceJames Edward "Jim" Rice , nicknamed "Jim Ed", is a former Major League Baseball left fielder.Jim Rice played his entire career for the Boston Red Sox from 1974 to 1989...
, left fielder for the Boston Red Sox - Blanchard Ryan, actress, Open Water
- Jeanne Schinto, author http://www.mhl.org/andover/authors.htm#ANDREW_
- Elizabeth Stuart Phelps, nineteenth-century author
- Samuel Francis SmithSamuel Francis SmithSamuel Francis Smith, , Baptist minister, journalist and author, is best known for having written the lyrics to "My Country, 'Tis of Thee", which he entitled America.-Early life:...
, author of the national hymn America, written while he was a student at Andover Theological Seminary - Harriet Beecher StoweHarriet Beecher StoweHarriet Beecher Stowe was an American abolitionist and author. Her novel Uncle Tom's Cabin was a depiction of life for African-Americans under slavery; it reached millions as a novel and play, and became influential in the United States and United Kingdom...
, lived in Andover while husband taught at Andover Theological Seminary, is buried in Andover http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=992 - George L. Street, III, winner of Medal of Honor for actions in World War II
- Frederic A. Stott, winner of Navy Cross, followed and observed the Iditarod, Author of On and Off the Trail: Seventy Years with the Appalachian Mountain Club
- Susan TuckerSusan TuckerSusan Tucker is a former Massachusetts Democratic State Senator and State Representative from Andover. She served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1982 to 1992 and in the Massachusetts Senate from 1999 to 2011.-Education:...
, member of the Mass. House of Representatives (served 1982-1992), member of the Mass. Senate (served 1998–2011) - Robert UrichRobert UrichRobert Urich was an American actor. He played the starring roles in the television series Vega$ and Spenser: For Hire...
, actor best known for the TV series Vega$ and Spenser for Hire
See also
- BallardvaleBallardvale, MassachusettsBallardvale is a village located within the boundaries of the town of Andover, Essex County, Massachusetts, United States...
- List of towns in Massachusetts
- Feaster Five Road RaceFeaster Five Road RaceThe Feaster Five Thanksgiving Day Road Race, or more commonly called the Feaster Five, is a 5 mile road race held annually in Andover, Massachusetts on the fourth Thursday in November, Thanksgiving Day. The Feaster Five Road Race is one of the Bay State's largest five mile races...
Sources
- Bailey, Sarah Loring. Historical Sketches of the Town of Andover. Published 1894.
- Farnum, John, Moses Abbott. 1795 Map of Andover.
- Dorman, Moses. 1830 Map of Andover.
- Beers, D.G. 1872 Atlas of Essex County 1872 Map of Andover. Plate 51.Andover Center. Plate 53.North Andover and Sutton Mills. Plate 53.Lawrence South Side. Plate 48.
- Walker, George H. 1884 Atlas of Essex County, Massachusetts Map of Andover. Plate 110-111.Frye Village and Ballardville, Andover. Plate 112.Dove Residence Andover. Plate 107.Phillips Academy. Plate 113.
- History of the Town from andoverma.gov
- A collection of resources from mass.gov
- Andover.Mass.info
- Andover and South Church Timeline
External links
- Town of Andover
- History of Andover
- GIS Property Maps
- Memorial Hall Library
- Addison Gallery of American Art
- Phillips Academy Andover
- Andover Historical Society.
- Vital Records of Andover, Massachusetts to 1850 (which includes North Andover).
- Andover, Massachusetts: Proceedings at the Celebration of the Two Hundred and Fiftieth Anniversary of the Incorporation of the Town, May 20, 1896 at books.google.
- Andover Patch
- Eagle Tribune