American Iron and Steel Institute
Encyclopedia
The American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) is an association
Voluntary association
A voluntary association or union is a group of individuals who enter into an agreement as volunteers to form a body to accomplish a purpose.Strictly speaking, in many jurisdictions no formalities are necessary to start an association...

 of North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...

n steel
Steel
Steel is an alloy that consists mostly of iron and has a carbon content between 0.2% and 2.1% by weight, depending on the grade. Carbon is the most common alloying material for iron, but various other alloying elements are used, such as manganese, chromium, vanadium, and tungsten...

 producers. Its predecessor organizations date back to 1855 making it one of the oldest trade associations in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

. AISI assumed its present form in 1908, with Elbert H. Gary
Elbert Henry Gary
Elbert Henry Gary was an American lawyer, county judge and corporate officer. He was a key founder of U.S. Steel in 1901, bringing together partners J. P. Morgan, Andrew Carnegie, and Charles M. Schwab. The city of Gary, Indiana, a steel town, was named for him when it was founded in 1906...

, chairman of the United States Steel Corporation
U.S. Steel
The United States Steel Corporation , more commonly known as U.S. Steel, is an integrated steel producer with major production operations in the United States, Canada, and Central Europe. The company is the world's tenth largest steel producer ranked by sales...

, as its first president.

Its development was in response to the need for a cooperative agency in the iron
Iron
Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is the most common element forming the planet Earth as a whole, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust...

 and steel industry for collecting and disseminating statistics and information, carrying on investigations, providing a forum for the discussion of problems and generally advancing the interests of the industry.

AISI spearheads initiatives to favorably profile the industry's reputation.

Mission, vision, and goals

AISI describes its mission as follows: To influence public policy
Public policy
Public policy as government action is generally the principled guide to action taken by the administrative or executive branches of the state with regard to a class of issues in a manner consistent with law and institutional customs. In general, the foundation is the pertinent national and...

, educate and shape public opinion in support of a strong, sustainable U.S. and North American steel industry committed to manufacturing products that meet society's needs.

The stated vision of the Institute and its members is for a sustainable North American steel industry strategically positioned for growth
Economic growth
In economics, economic growth is defined as the increasing capacity of the economy to satisfy the wants of goods and services of the members of society. Economic growth is enabled by increases in productivity, which lowers the inputs for a given amount of output. Lowered costs increase demand...

 and innovation
Innovation
Innovation is the creation of better or more effective products, processes, technologies, or ideas that are accepted by markets, governments, and society...

 and as a leader in the global marketplace
Globalization
Globalization refers to the increasingly global relationships of culture, people and economic activity. Most often, it refers to economics: the global distribution of the production of goods and services, through reduction of barriers to international trade such as tariffs, export fees, and import...

.

The association attempts to promote the following ideas:
  1. The North American steel industry is world-class and operates in an expanding market; it is aggressively securing market share from competing materials and imports
    International trade
    International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories. In most countries, such trade represents a significant share of gross domestic product...

    ; and the North American steel industry is fully capable of taking advantage of opportunities in the global market.
  2. Steel industry customers rely on the North American steel producers as a vital component of their success and are investing in manufacturing
    Manufacturing
    Manufacturing is the use of machines, tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale...

     technologies that support a strong steel demand.
  3. Shareholder
    Shareholder
    A shareholder or stockholder is an individual or institution that legally owns one or more shares of stock in a public or private corporation. Shareholders own the stock, but not the corporation itself ....

    s are enthusiastic about the industry and its products and prospects.
  4. Steel is an attractive industry for high-caliber talent at all levels.
  5. Member companies and the North American steel industry are growing, profitable
    Profit (economics)
    In economics, the term profit has two related but distinct meanings. Normal profit represents the total opportunity costs of a venture to an entrepreneur or investor, whilst economic profit In economics, the term profit has two related but distinct meanings. Normal profit represents the total...

    , and respected in the global marketplace.
  6. The steel industry is recognized for its environmental, health and safety performance.

History

AISI's predecessor organization, the American Iron Association was established in 1855 by ironmaster
Ironmaster
An ironmaster is the manager – and usually owner – of a forge or blast furnace for the processing of iron. It is a term mainly associated with the period of the Industrial Revolution, especially in Great Britain....

s, clustered mainly in the Eastern U.S., citing the need for an organization "to take all proper measures for advancing the interests of the trade in all its branches". That year, world pig iron
Pig iron
Pig iron is the intermediate product of smelting iron ore with a high-carbon fuel such as coke, usually with limestone as a flux. Charcoal and anthracite have also been used as fuel...

 production amounted to 7 million tons.

In 1864, Bessemer steel was first made in the United States, and the Association, headquartered in Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Philadelphia is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Philadelphia County, with which it is coterminous. The city is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers. It is the fifth-most-populous city in the United States,...

 changed its name to the American Iron and Steel Association (AISA).

Early in the 20th century, as the industry grew, its leaders saw the need for an organization to supplement the largely statistical activities carried on by AISA. That led to the founding of the American Iron and Steel Institute in 1908, with Elbert H. Gary as its first chief executive.

From 1908 to 1912, the Institute and the Association functioned side by side. But on January 1, 1913, the Association was merged into the New York-based Institute.

Judge Gary would continue as CEO for 19 years. He was succeeded in 1927 by Charles M. Schwab
Charles M. Schwab
Charles Michael Schwab was an American steel magnate. Under his leadership, Bethlehem Steel became the second largest steel maker in the United States, and one of the most important heavy manufacturers in the world....

. During the Roaring '20s
Roaring Twenties
The Roaring Twenties is a phrase used to describe the 1920s, principally in North America, but also in London, Berlin and Paris for a period of sustained economic prosperity. The phrase was meant to emphasize the period's social, artistic, and cultural dynamism...

, AISI statistics showed that the United States produced 40 percent of the world's supply of iron and steel.

In 1931, the board elected Robert P. Lamont
Robert P. Lamont
Robert Patterson Lamont was United States Secretary of Commerce March 5, 1929 to August 7, 1932 during the administration of Herbert Hoover. He was commerce secretary during difficult times for commerce, as a result of the Great Depression.Born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1867, educated at the...

, Herbert Hoover
Herbert Hoover
Herbert Clark Hoover was the 31st President of the United States . Hoover was originally a professional mining engineer and author. As the United States Secretary of Commerce in the 1920s under Presidents Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge, he promoted partnerships between government and business...

's Secretary of Commerce, as CEO. Lamont was the only person from outside the steel industry ever to hold the position.

In 1933, at the depths of the Great Depression
Great Depression
The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s...

, United States Congress
United States Congress
The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Congress meets in the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C....

 adopted the National Industrial Recovery Act
National Industrial Recovery Act
The National Industrial Recovery Act , officially known as the Act of June 16, 1933 The National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA), officially known as the Act of June 16, 1933 The National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA), officially known as the Act of June 16, 1933 (Ch. 90, 48 Stat. 195, formerly...

, and AISI was called upon by the federal government to act for the steel industry in the establishment and administration of a Code of Fair Competition. That responsibility was so vast that almost overnight the Institute's staff had to be expanded from about a dozen people to almost 100. The NRA, however, was declared unconstitutional in May 1935 and replaced in part by the National Labor Relations Act
National Labor Relations Act
The National Labor Relations Act or Wagner Act , is a 1935 United States federal law that limits the means with which employers may react to workers in the private sector who create labor unions , engage in collective bargaining, and take part in strikes and other forms of concerted activity in...

. Subsequently, the AISI staff was reduced to about 30 and the AISI Committee on Industrial Relations was established to address labor issues.

Also in the 1930s, it became apparent that the industry's technical terminology had become chaotic. The Institute came to grips with the problem, and out of its efforts came the AISI steel products manuals. They provided makers and users of steel with generally recognized definitions, descriptions and practices pertaining to the manufacture, chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry is the science of matter, especially its chemical reactions, but also its composition, structure and properties. Chemistry is concerned with atoms and their interactions with other atoms, and particularly with the properties of chemical bonds....

, metallurgy
Metallurgy
Metallurgy is a domain of materials science that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their intermetallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys. It is also the technology of metals: the way in which science is applied to their practical use...

 and adaptability of steel products.

During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

, AISI technical committees helped conceive the national emergency steels that conserved critical alloying elements. In recognition of that contribution to the winning of the war, the Institute was presented the Distinguished Service Award of the United States Department of the Army
United States Department of the Army
The Department of the Army is one of the three military departments within the Department of Defense of the United States of America. The Department of the Army is the Federal Government agency which the United States Army is organized within, and it is led by the Secretary of the Army who has...

. AISI also created a special committee on industrial health to help place returning injured war veteran
Veteran
A veteran is a person who has had long service or experience in a particular occupation or field; " A veteran of ..."...

s in steel jobs.

In response to the growing involvement of the Federal government in the operation of our market economy, AISI opened its first Washington
Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a permanent national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution....

 office in 1966. The government relations department was joined in the U.S. capital by several other departments in 1969; and by the end of 1974, the Institute had moved all of its operations to Washington, except for regional building codes offices. Shortly before the new office opened, 115 people were employed by the Institute.

During the 1970s the combined AISI Committees of Structural Steel Producers and Steel Plate Producers engaged in a series of research and promotional seminars and publication programs that focused, for example, on the use of steel storage tanks and transmission pipage in the water utility business, innovations in computer-aided design
Computer-aided design
Computer-aided design , also known as computer-aided design and drafting , is the use of computer technology for the process of design and design-documentation. Computer Aided Drafting describes the process of drafting with a computer...

 for structural steel frames for high-rise and arena
Arena
An arena is an enclosed area, often circular or oval-shaped, designed to showcase theater, musical performances, or sporting events. It is composed of a large open space surrounded on most or all sides by tiered seating for spectators. The key feature of an arena is that the event space is the...

 buildings, applications for structural and steel plate in new mass transit system designs, and in utility poles for high voltage
High voltage
The term high voltage characterizes electrical circuits in which the voltage used is the cause of particular safety concerns and insulation requirements...

 electrical transmission systems
Electric power transmission
Electric-power transmission is the bulk transfer of electrical energy, from generating power plants to Electrical substations located near demand centers...

. These committee activities were frequently co-sponsored with the cooperation of the American Institute of Steel Construction
American Institute of Steel Construction
The American Institute of Steel Construction, often abbreviated AISC, is a not-for-profit technical institute and trade association for the use of structural steel in the construction industry of the United States. It is headquartered in Chicago, IL. Their mission is to make structural steel the...

 and the Steel Plate Fabricators Association.

In the 1970s changes were made in the Institute's structure to address such emerging public policy issues as the environment
Environmental issue
Environmental issues are negative aspects of human activity on the biophysical environment. Environmentalism, a social and environmental movement that started in the 1960s, addresses environmental issues through advocacy, education and activism.-Types:...

 and energy, as well as to become more active on behalf of the industry in debates over tax policies
Tax policy
Tax policy is the government's approach to taxation, both from the practical and normative side of the question.-Philosophy:Policymakers debate the nature of the tax structure they plan to implement and how they might affect individuals and businesses .The reason for such foitution effect]],...

 and policies concerned with international trade.

In the opening years of the 21st century, restructuring of the steel industry resulted in far-reaching changes in AISI. Like its member companies, AISI downsized its staff. As its member companies became more customer-driven, AISI has also increased its market development activity. Public policy activity has grown in importance, as has collaborative research and the role of associate members, almost all of whom are suppliers of the steel industry.

The Council of Electric Furnace Producers and the North American Steel Council were established as integral parts of AISI, and the Steel Can Recycling Institute (SCRI) as a satellite. SCRI recently became SRI, as it dropped "Can" from its name and expanded its interests to other end products made of steel.

The original association's By-laws provided for committees: one on statistics
Statistics
Statistics is the study of the collection, organization, analysis, and interpretation of data. It deals with all aspects of this, including the planning of data collection in terms of the design of surveys and experiments....

 and another on finance
Finance
"Finance" is often defined simply as the management of money or “funds” management Modern finance, however, is a family of business activity that includes the origination, marketing, and management of cash and money surrogates through a variety of capital accounts, instruments, and markets created...

. The Institute's By-laws at the time of its incorporation provided for four standing committees: Foreign Relations, Statistics, Improvement in Methods, and Membership. Today there are more than 40 specialist committees.

Steel industry

AISI members make over 80% of the steel produced in North America. The Institute speaks out on behalf of the industry on a wide array of issues. AISI member companies are located in Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...

, Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...

 and the United States. The Institute seeks to develop unified positions on issues of mutual concern to the North American Free Trade Agreement
North American Free Trade Agreement
The North American Free Trade Agreement or NAFTA is an agreement signed by the governments of Canada, Mexico, and the United States, creating a trilateral trade bloc in North America. The agreement came into force on January 1, 1994. It superseded the Canada – United States Free Trade Agreement...

 (NAFTA) region. Through AISI, the industry is able to work through collaborative partnerships and pursue market development programs aimed at expanding markets for steel, research and development
Research and development
The phrase research and development , according to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, refers to "creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of man, culture and society, and the use of this stock of...

 (R&D) projects aimed at best practices in steelmaking and initiatives designed to achieve new milestones in energy efficiency
Efficient energy use
Efficient energy use, sometimes simply called energy efficiency, is the goal of efforts to reduce the amount of energy required to provide products and services. For example, insulating a home allows a building to use less heating and cooling energy to achieve and maintain a comfortable temperature...

 and sustainability
Sustainability
Sustainability is the capacity to endure. For humans, sustainability is the long-term maintenance of well being, which has environmental, economic, and social dimensions, and encompasses the concept of union, an interdependent relationship and mutual responsible position with all living and non...

.

Public policy

  • Energy
    • The U.S. steel industry has voluntarily reduced its energy intensity per ton of steel shipped by approximately 35 percent since 1990.
    • The domestic steel industry is participating in the CO2 Breakthrough Program which explores alternative energy sources.
  • Trade
    • The Institute aims to strictly enforce trade agreements and defend against unfair trade.
  • Market Development
    • High-Strength, lightweight steel has contributed to America's bridges, railways, pipelines, utilities, and highways.
    • The U.S. needs to invest $225 billion annually for 50 years to upgrade our infrastructure system to a state of "good repair."
    • Steel is the most recycled product on Earth.
  • Climate Change
    • 20% of the price of steel is represented by the cost of energy.
    • Steel has voluntarily reduced energy consumption by 35% since 1990.
    • Domestic steel has had the steepest decline of total air emissions among nine major manufacturing sectors.
  • China Agenda
    • 2.3 Million jobs were lost to China between 2001-2007.
    • In 2008, U.S.' trade deficit to China was $266.3 billion.
    • China disregards its commitments made to WTO.

Manufacturing

  • R&D
    • In 1998, the industry mapped out the technology path to achieving industry goals in the Steel Industry Technology Roadmap. This document describes the industry’s priorities, key milestones, and performance targets for collaborative R&D.
  • Plant Equipment Supplier Directory
    • Engineers think in terms of manufacturing processes. And the equipment and services they need to make those processes work.
    • SteelPlantEquipment provides the only directory in the industry organized as you think—by process. If you need equipment for a hot-dip galvanizing line, you see only the equipment used in that line.

Environment

  • Recycled
    • Steel is North America's Number #1 Recycled Material. Each year, more steel is recycled than aluminum, paper, glass and plastic combined. Since the 1960s, approximately half of the steel produced in the U.S. has been recycled through the steelmaking process.
  • Keep America Beautiful
    • KAB is an environmental organization representing 569 certified affiliates, which includes 22 states, 234 counties, and over 300 cities across the United States.
  • Industry Commitment
    • The steel industry has a standing commitment to sustainability backed by significant investment in new technologies to improve energy efficiency, reduce carbon emissions and heighten productivity. The North American steel industry has achieved a 23.2 percent reduction since 1990 in energy intensity per ton of steel shipped. We have been a leader in reducing energy intensity in the steel manufacturing process and correspondingly reducing greenhouse gas emissions through recycling and process innovation. The steel industry has further committed to achieving a 10 percent increase in sector-wide average energy efficiency by 2012, using a 2002 baseline of approximately 14 million BTU per ton of steel shipped as part of the DOE's Climate VISION Program. The industry achieved 7.4 percent improvement from 2002 - 2003.
  • Sustainability
    • The North American steel industry is committed to principles of sustainable development in manufacturing innovative products that answer society's needs. This commitment is aimed at improving the quality of life for everyone now and for generations to come. Our industry recognizes and values the interdependence of environmental, social and economic factors.

Learning

Learn how steel is made by exploring the Steel Finishing Flowlines Chart.

Elbert H. Gary Medal

Since 1927, the AISI has awarded an annual medal, named for its first president, to an outstanding leader within the North American steel industry. Recipients of the Elbert H. Gary Medal include:
  • 1991: Frank W. Luerssen
  • 1997: Joseph F. Toot Jr.
  • 2003: John T. Mayberry
  • 2004: Daniel R. DiMicco
  • 2005: David Sutherland
  • 2006: John P. Surma
    John P. Surma
    John P. Surma is the chief executive officer and chairman of the board of United States Steel Corporation.-Biography:Surma received his bachelor’s in accounting in 1976 from Pennsylvania State University, following which he joined Price Waterhouse, in 1987, he was admitted as a partner...

  • 2007: Louis Schorsch
  • 2008: Andrew G. Sharkey, III

Auto/Steel Partnership

The Auto/Steel Partnership (A/SP) is a consortium of the AISI Automotive Applications Committee, DaimlerChrysler Corporation, Ford Motor Company
Ford Motor Company
Ford Motor Company is an American multinational automaker based in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit. The automaker was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903. In addition to the Ford and Lincoln brands, Ford also owns a small stake in Mazda in Japan and Aston Martin in the UK...

, and General Motors Corporation. It is dedicated to ensuring that steel is the competitive material of choice in a changing automotive market.

Canned Food Alliance

The Canned Food Alliance (CFA) is a consortium of steelmakers, can makers, food processors and canned food brands that have joined together to promote the nutritional and convenience benefits of canned food. The consortium was formed by AISI. The Consumer Awareness Program for Canned Food began as a five-year effort by the steel industry and has been supported by the CFA since 1998.

Metal Roofing Alliance

The Metal Roofing Alliance (MFA) is a coalition comprising AISI, metal roofing manufacturers, paint suppliers and coaters, dealers, metal industry associations, and roofing contractors. Its mission is to educate consumers and contractors about the outstanding value and superior longevity of metal roofing for housing applications. The MRA also provides homeowners with information, resources, and contacts to make the most educated decision when re-roofing their homes.

National Steel Bridge Alliance

The National Steel Bridge Alliance is a unified industry organization of businesses and agencies committed to the development, promotion and construction of cost-effective steel bridges. It was formed jointly by AISI and the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC). Its goal is to make steel the material of choice for bridge construction.

Steel Framing Alliance

The Steel Framing Alliance (SFA) was established by AISI in 1998 to accelerate the use of light-gauge steel framing in construction. The Steel Framing Alliance delivers steel framing solutions to the residential and light commercial construction industries.

The Steel Recycling Institute

The Steel Recycling Institute (SRI), a business unit of the AISI, promotes and sustains post-consumer recycling of all steel products. SRI educates the solid waste industry, government, business, the environmental community and consumers about the benefits of steel's infinite recycling cycle.

The Metal Initiative

The Metal Initiative (TMI) is an industry-wide program designed to educate building owners, architects, and contractors about the use and selection of metal roofs and walls in commercial, industrial, and institutional buildings.

See also

  • World Steel Association
  • Metal Building Manufacturers Association
    Metal Building Manufacturers Association
    The Metal Building Manufacturers Association was founded in 1956 and promotes the design and construction of metal building systems in the low-rise, non-residential building marketplace. A non-profit trade organization, MBMA's headquarters is in Cleveland, Ohio...

  • Energy Design Guide for Metal Building Systems

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
x
OK