J01AA Tetracyclines

J01AA01 Demeclocycline

Demeclocycline

Demeclocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic.It is derived from a strain of Streptomyces aureofaciens.-In infections:...

J01AA02 Doxycycline

Doxycycline

Doxycycline INN is a member of the tetracycline antibiotics group, and is commonly used to treat a variety of infections. Doxycycline is a semisynthetic tetracycline invented and clinically developed in the early 1960s by Pfizer Inc. and marketed under the brand name Vibramycin. Vibramycin...

J01AA03 Chlortetracycline

Chlortetracycline

Chlortetracycline is a tetracycline antibiotic, and was the first tetracycline to be identified. It was discovered in 1945 by Dr. Benjamin Duggar working at Lederle Laboratories under the supervision of Dr.Subba Rao...

J01AA04 Lymecycline

Lymecycline

Lymecycline is a tetracycline broad-spectrum antibiotic marketed by the pharmeceutical company Galderma. It is approximately 5000 times more soluble than tetracycline base and is unique amongst tetracyclines in that it is absorbed by an active transport process across the intestinal wall, making...

J01AA05 Metacycline

Metacycline

Metacycline is a tetracycline antibiotic. It is used as a precursour in the industrial synthesis of doxycycline hyclate. It should not be confused with the antibiotic methicillin ....

J01AA06 Oxytetracycline

Oxytetracycline

Oxytetracycline was the second of the broad-spectrum tetracycline group of antibiotics to be discovered.Oxytetracycline works by interfering with the ability of bacteria to produce proteins that are essential to them. Without these proteins the bacteria cannot grow, multiply and increase in numbers...

J01AA07 Tetracycline

J01AA08 Minocycline

Minocycline

Minocycline is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic, and has a broader spectrum than the other members of the group. It is a bacteriostatic antibiotic, classified as a long-acting type...

J01AA09 Rolitetracycline

Rolitetracycline

Rolitetracycline is a tetracycline antibiotic. Tetracycline is N-Mannich base prodrug that is prepared from tetracycline by condensation with pyrrolidine and formaldehyde to produce rolitetracycline....

J01AA10 Penimepicycline

Penimepicycline

Penimepicycline is an antibiotic. It is the phenoxymethylpenicillinate salt of the tetracycline antibiotic pipacycline....

J01AA11 Clomocycline

Clomocycline

Clomocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic....

J01AA12 Tigecycline

Tigecycline

Tigecycline is a glycylcycline antibiotic developed by Francis Tally and marketed by Wyeth under the brand name Tygacil. It was given a U.S. Food and Drug Administration fast-track approval and was approved on June 17, 2005...

J01AA20 Combinations of tetracyclines

QJ01AA53 Chlortetracycline, combinations

J01AA56 Oxytetracycline, combinations

J01BA Amphenicol

Amphenicol

Amphenicols are a class of antibiotics with a phenylpropanoid structure. They function by blocking the enzyme peptidyl transferase on the 50S ribosome subunit of bacteria....

s

J01BA01 Chloramphenicol

Chloramphenicol

Chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic antimicrobial that became available in 1949. It is considered a prototypical broad-spectrum antibiotic, alongside the tetracyclines, and as it is both cheap and easy to manufacture it is frequently found as a drug of choice in the third world.Chloramphenicol is...

J01BA02 Thiamphenicol

Thiamphenicol

Thiamphenicol is an antibiotic. It is the methyl-sulfonyl analogue of chloramphenicol and has a similar spectrum of activity, but is 2.5 to 5 times as potent. Like chloramphenicol, it is insoluble in water, but highly soluble in lipids...

J01BA52 Thiamphenicol

Thiamphenicol

Thiamphenicol is an antibiotic. It is the methyl-sulfonyl analogue of chloramphenicol and has a similar spectrum of activity, but is 2.5 to 5 times as potent. Like chloramphenicol, it is insoluble in water, but highly soluble in lipids...

, combinations

QJ01BA90 Florfenicol

Florfenicol

Florfenicol is a fluorinated synthetic analog of thiamphenicol.In the United States, florfenicol is currently indicated for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease associated with Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Haemophilus somnus, for treatment of bovine...

QJ01BA99 Amphenicols, combinations

J01CA Penicillins with extended spectrum

J01CA01 Ampicillin

Ampicillin

Ampicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic that has been used extensively to treat bacterial infections since 1961. Until the introduction of ampicillin by the British company Beecham, penicillin therapies had only been effective against Gram-positive organisms such as staphylococci and streptococci...

J01CA02 Pivampicillin

Pivampicillin

Pivampicillin is a pivaloyloxymethylester of ampicillin. It is a prodrug, which is thought to enhance the oral bioavailability of ampicillin because of its greater lipophilicity compared to that of ampicillin.-Adverse effects:...

J01CA03 Carbenicillin

Carbenicillin

Carbenicillin is a bacteriolytic antibiotic belonging to the carboxypenicillin subgroup of the penicillins. It was discovered by scientists at Beecham and marketed as Pyopen. It has Gram-negative coverage which includes Pseudomonas aeruginosa but limited Gram-positive coverage...

J01CA04 Amoxicillin

Amoxicillin

Amoxicillin , formerly amoxycillin , and abbreviated amox, is a moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms. It is usually the drug of choice within the class because it is better absorbed, following oral...

J01CA05 Carindacillin

Carindacillin

Carindacillin , also known as Carbenicillin indanyl is a penicillin antibiotic. It is a prodrug of carbenicillin.It is administered orally, as the sodium salt. It is marketed by Pfizer under the brand name Geocillin....

J01CA06 Bacampicillin

Bacampicillin

Bacampicillin is a penicillin antibiotic. It is a prodrug of ampicillin with improved oral bioavailability.It is sold under the brand names Spectrobid and Penglobe ....

J01CA07 Epicillin

Epicillin

Epicillin is a penicillin antibiotic.It is an aminopenicillin....

J01CA08 Pivmecillinam

Pivmecillinam

Pivmecillinam or amdinocillin pivoxil is an orally-active prodrug of mecillinam, an extended-spectrum penicillin antibiotic. Pivmecillinam is the pivaloyloxymethyl ester of mecillinam...

J01CA09 Azlocillin

Azlocillin

Azlocillin is an acylampicillin antibiotic with an extended spectrum of activity and greater in vitro potency than the carboxy penicillins.Azlocillin is similar to mezlocillin and piperacillin...

J01CA10 Mezlocillin

Mezlocillin

Mezlocillin is a broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic. It is active against both Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria. Unlike most other extended spectrum penicillins, it is excreted by the liver, therefore it is useful for biliary tract infections, such as ascending colangitis.-Mechanism...

J01CA11 Mecillinam

Mecillinam

Mecillinam or amdinocillin , trade name Coactin, is an extended-spectrum penicillin antibiotic that binds specifically to penicillin binding protein 2 , and is only considered to be active against Gram-negative bacteria. It is used primarily in the treatment of urinary tract infections, and has...

J01CA12 Piperacillin

Piperacillin

Piperacillin is an extended spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic of the ureidopenicillin class.It is normally used together with a beta-lactamase inhibitor such as tazobactam. The combination drug piperacillin/tazobactam is commercially available as e.g. Tazocin, Zosyn, Brodactam, Piptaz and as Trezora...

J01CA13 Ticarcillin

Ticarcillin

Ticarcillin is a carboxypenicillin. It is almost invariably sold and used in combination with clavulanate as Timentin. Because it is a penicillin, it also falls within the larger class of beta-lactam antibiotics. Its main clinical use is as an injectable antibiotic for the treatment of...

J01CA14 Metampicillin

Metampicillin

Metampicillin is a penicillin antibiotic. It is prepared by the reaction of ampicillin with formaldehyde, and is hydrolysed in aqueous solution with the formation of ampicillin. Hydrolysis is rapid under acid conditions, e.g., in the stomach, less rapid in neutral media, and incomplete in...

J01CA15 Talampicillin

Talampicillin

Talampicillin is a beta lactam antibiotic from the penicillin family.prodgug,oral use,ampicilin + 3-oksoftalidstable in acidic...

J01CA16 Sulbenicillin

Sulbenicillin

Sulbenicillin is a penicillin antibiotic.It has been used in combination with dibekacin....

J01CA17 Temocillin

Temocillin

Temocillin is a β-lactamase resistant penicillin introduced by Beecham, marketed by Eumedica Pharmaceuticals as Negaban primarily for the treatment of multiresistant Gram negative bacteria.It is a carboxypenicillin.-Pharmacology:...

J01CA18 Hetacillin

Hetacillin

Hetacillin is a beta-lactam. Hetacillin is a prodrug and it has no intrinsic antibacterial activity, but is converted by the body to ampicillin, which is active against a variety of organisms.-Administration:Hetacillin is administered orally...

J01CA20 Combinations

J01CA51 Ampicillin, combinations

J01CE Beta-lactamase

Beta-lactamase

Beta-lactamases are enzymes produced by some bacteria and are responsible for their resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillins, cephamycins, and carbapenems . These antibiotics have a common element in their molecular structure: a four-atom ring known as a beta-lactam...

-sensitive penicillins

J01CE01 Benzylpenicillin

Benzylpenicillin

Benzylpenicillin, commonly known as penicillin G, is the gold standard type of penicillin. 'G' in the name 'Penicillin G' refers to 'Gold Standard'. Penicillin G is typically given by a parenteral route of administration because it is unstable in the hydrochloric acid of the stomach...

J01CE02 Phenoxymethylpenicillin

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

Phenoxymethylpenicillin, commonly known as penicillin V, is a penicillin antibiotic that is orally active. It is less active than benzylpenicillin against Gram-negative bacteria. Phenoxymethylpenicillin is more acid-stable than benzylpenicillin, which allows it to be given orally...

J01CE03 Propicillin

Propicillin

Propicillin is a penicillin....

J01CE04 Azidocillin

Azidocillin

Azidocillin is a type of penicillin....

J01CE05 Pheneticillin

Pheneticillin

Pheneticillin is a penicillin....

J01CE06 Penamecillin

Penamecillin

Penamecillin, a acetoxymethyl ester of benzylpenicillin, is a pro-drug that is processed to benzylpenicillin by esterases....

J01CE07 Clometocillin

Clometocillin

Clometocillin is a penicillin....

J01CE08 Benzathine benzylpenicillin

Benzathine benzylpenicillin

Benzathine benzylpenicillin is a form of penicillin also known as benzathine penicillin. It is slowly absorbed into the circulation, after intramuscular injection, and hydrolysed to benzylpenicillin in vivo...

J01CE09 Procaine benzylpenicillin

Procaine benzylpenicillin

Procaine benzylpenicillin , also known as procaine penicillin, is a form of penicillin which is a combination of benzylpenicillin and the local anaesthetic agent procaine...

J01CE10 Benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin

Benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin

Benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin is a penicillin....

J01CE30 Combinations

QJ01CE90 Penethamate hydroiodide

J01CF Beta-lactamase-resistant penicillins

J01CF01 Dicloxacillin

Dicloxacillin

Dicloxacillin is a narrow-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class. It is used to treat infections caused by susceptible Gram-positive bacteria. It is active against beta-lactamase-producing organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, which would otherwise be resistant to most...

J01CF02 Cloxacillin

Cloxacillin

Cloxacillin is a semisynthetic antibiotic in the same class as penicillin. Cloxacillin was discovered and developed by Beecham. It is sold under a number of trade names, including Cloxapen, Cloxacap, Tegopen and Orbenin....

J01CF03 Methicillin

Methicillin

Meticillin or methicillin is a narrow-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class. It should not be confused with the antibiotic metacycline.-History:Methicillin was developed by Beecham in 1959...

J01CF04 Oxacillin

Oxacillin

Oxacillin sodium is a narrow spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class.It was developed by Beecham.-Uses:...

J01CF05 Flucloxacillin

Flucloxacillin

Flucloxacillin or floxacillin is a narrow-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic of the penicillin class. It is used to treat infections caused by susceptible Gram-positive bacteria. Unlike other penicillins, flucloxacillin has activity against beta-lactamase-producing organisms such as Staphylococcus...

J01CR Combinations of penicillins, including beta-lactamase inhibitors

J01CR01 Ampicillin and enzyme inhibitor

J01CR02 Amoxicillin and enzyme inhibitor

J01CR03 Ticarcillin and enzyme inhibitor

J01CR04 Sultamicillin

Sultamicillin

Sultamicillin is an oral form of the antibiotic combination ampicillin/sulbactam. It contains esterified ampicillin and sulbactam and is marketed under a number of trade names, including Saltum and Unasyn- References :...

J01CR05 Piperacillin and enzyme inhibitor

J01CR50 Combinations of penicillins

J01DB First-generation cephalosporins

J01DB01 Cefalexin

Cefalexin

Cefalexin or more commonly cephalexin is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic introduced in 1967 by Eli Lilly and Company. It is an orally administered agent with a similar antimicrobial spectrum to the intravenous agents cefalotin and cefazolin...

J01DB02 Cefaloridine

Cefaloridine

Cephaloridine is a first generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C. It is unique among cephalosporins in that it exists as a zwitterion.-History:...

J01DB03 Cefalotin

Cefalotin

Cefalotin or cephalothin is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It was the first cephalosporin marketed and continues to be widely used. It is an intravenously administered agent with a similar antimicrobial spectrum to cefazolin and the oral agent cefalexin. Cefalotin sodium is...

J01DB04 Cefazolin

Cefazolin

Cefazolin , also known as cefazoline or cephazolin, is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.The drug is usually administrated by either intramuscular injection or intravenous infusion .-Indications:Cefazolin is mainly used to treat bacterial infections of the skin...

J01DB05 Cefadroxil

Cefadroxil

Cefadroxil is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the cephalosporin type, effective in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections. It is a bactericidal antibiotic.- General use :...

J01DB06 Cefazedone

Cefazedone

Cefazedone is a cephalosporin antibiotic.-External links:*...

J01DB07 Cefatrizine

Cefatrizine

Cefatrizine is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic....

J01DB08 Cefapirin

Cefapirin

Cefapirin is an injectable, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is marketed under the trade name Cefadyl...

J01DB09 Cefradine

J01DB10 Cefacetrile

Cefacetrile

Cefacetrile is a broad-spectrum first generation cephalosporin antibiotic effective in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections. It is a bacteriostatic antibiotic. Cefacetrile is marketed under the trade names Celospor, Celtol, and Cristacef....

J01DB11 Cefroxadine

Cefroxadine

Cefroxadine is a cephalosporin antibiotic. It is structurally related to cefalexin, and both drugs share a similar spectrum of activity.It is available in Italy....

J01DB12 Ceftezole

Ceftezole

Ceftezole is a cephalosporin antibiotic....

J01DC Second-generation cephalosporins

J01DC01 Cefoxitin

Cefoxitin

Cefoxitin is a cephamycin antibiotic developed by Merck & Co., Inc., often grouped with the second−generation cephalosporins. It is sold under the brand name Mefoxin.- Microbiology :...

J01DC02 Cefuroxime

Cefuroxime

Cefuroxime is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that has been widely available in the USA as Ceftin since 1977. GlaxoSmithKline sells the antibiotic in the United Kingdom under the name Zinnat.-Indications:As for the other cephalosporins, although as a...

J01DC03 Cefamandole

Cefamandole

Cefamandole is a second-generation broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic. The clinically used form of cefamandole is the formate ester cefamandole nafate, a prodrug which is administered parenterally....

J01DC04 Cefaclor

Cefaclor

Cefaclor, also known as cefachlor or cefaclorum , is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria such as pneumonia and ear, lung, skin, throat, and urinary tract infections.- Indications:Cefaclor belongs to the family of antibiotics known as the...

J01DC05 Cefotetan

Cefotetan

Cefotetan is an injectable antibiotic of the cephamycin type for prophylaxis and treatment of bacterial infections. It is often grouped together with second-generation cephalosporins and has a similar antibacterial spectrum, but with additional anti-anaerobe coverage.Cefotetan was developed by...

J01DC06 Cefonicide

J01DC07 Cefotiam

Cefotiam

Cefotiam is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic....

J01DC08 Loracarbef

Loracarbef

Loracarbef is an antibiotic. Its use was discontinued in 2006. It is a carbacephem, but it is sometimes grouped together with the second-generation cephalosporin antibiotics. It was marketed under the trade name Lorabid....

J01DC09 Cefmetazole

Cefmetazole

Cefmetazole is a cephalosporin antibiotic, usually grouped with the second-generation cephalosporins.-Adverse effects:The chemical structure of cefmetazole, like that of several other cephalosporins, contains an N-methylthiotetrazole side chain...

J01DC10 Cefprozil

Cefprozil

Cefprozil, sometimes spelled cefproxil and marketed under the trade name Cefzil, is a second-generation cephalosporin type antibiotic. In Europe it is marketed using the trade names Procef and Cronocef. It can be used to treat bronchitis, ear infections, skin infections, and other bacterial...

J01DC11 Ceforanide

Ceforanide

Ceforanide is a second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic....

J01DD Third-generation cephalosporins

J01DD01 Cefotaxime

Cefotaxime

Cefotaxime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Like other third-generation cephalosporins, it has broad spectrum activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria...

J01DD02 Ceftazidime

Ceftazidime

Ceftazidime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Like other third-generation cephalosporins, it has broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Unlike most third-generation agents, it is active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, however it has weaker activity...

J01DD03 Cefsulodin

Cefsulodin

Cefsulodin is a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic that has very specific activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It has no significant activity against other Gram-negative bacteria and very limited activity against Gram-positive bacteria and anaerobic bacteria. Cefsulodin was first...

J01DD04 Ceftriaxone

Ceftriaxone

Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Like other third-generation cephalosporins, it has broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In most cases, it is considered to be equivalent to cefotaxime in terms of safety and efficacy...

J01DD05 Cefmenoxime

Cefmenoxime

Cefmenoxime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic....

J01DD06 Latamoxef

Latamoxef

Latamoxef is an oxacephem antibiotic usually grouped with the cephalosporins. In oxacephems such as latamoxef, the sulfur atom of the cephalosporin core is replaced with an oxygen atom....

J01DD07 Ceftizoxime

Ceftizoxime

Ceftizoxime is a parenteral third-generation cephalosporin.Unlike other 3rd generation cephalosporins , in ceftizoxime the whole C-3 side chain has been removed to prevent deactivation by hydrolytic enzymes ....

J01DD08 Cefixime

Cefixime

Cefixime is an oral third generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Cefixime is a cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat infections caused by bacteria such as pneumonia; bronchitis; gonorrhea; and ear, lung, throat, and urinary tract infections...

J01DD09 Cefodizime

Cefodizime

Cefodizime is a cephalosporin....

J01DD10 Cefetamet

Cefetamet

Cefetamet is a cephalosporin antibiotic....

J01DD11 Cefpiramide

Cefpiramide

Cefpiramide is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic....

J01DD12 Cefoperazone

Cefoperazone

Cefoperazone is a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic, marketed by Pfizer under the name Cefobid, and also marked by pharco B international under the name of Cefazoneand also marketed by "sigmatec " under the name " cefoperazone"...

J01DD13 Cefpodoxime

Cefpodoxime

Cefpodoxime is an oral third generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is marketed as the prodrug cefpodoxime proxetil by Pharmacia & Upjohn under the trade name Vantin. It is active against most Gram positive and Gram negative organisms. Notable exceptions include Pseudomonas aeruginosa,...

J01DD14 Ceftibuten

Ceftibuten

Ceftibuten is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is an orally-administered agent, with 2 dosage forms, capsule or oral suspension. It is marketed by Pernix Therapeutics under the trade name Cedax....

J01DD15 Cefdinir

Cefdinir

Cefdinir is a semi-synthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic in the third generation of the cephalosporin class, proven effective for common bacterial infections of the ear, sinus, throat, and skin. It was approved by the U.S...

J01DD16 Cefditoren

Cefditoren

Cefditoren is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic for oral use. It is commonly marketed under the trade name Spectracef by Cornerstone BioPharma.Cefditoren is also marketed under the name Meiact.-Indications:...

J01DD17 Cefcapene

Cefcapene

Cefcapene is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic....

J01DD54 Ceftriaxone, combinations

J01DD62 Cefoperazone, combinations

QJ01DD90 Ceftiofur

Ceftiofur

Ceftiofur is an antibiotic of the cephalosporin type , licensed for use in veterinary medicine. It was first described in 1987. It is marketed by pharmaceutical company Pfizer as Excede....

QJ01DD91 Cefovecin

Cefovecin

Cefovecin is an antibiotic of the cephalosporin class, licensed for the treatment of skin infections in cats and dogs. It is marketed by Pfizer under the trade name Convenia.-Approval and usage:...

J01DE Fourth-generation cephalosporins

J01DE01 Cefepime

Cefepime

Cefepime is a fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic developed in 1994. Cefepime has an extended spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with greater activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms than third-generation agents...

J01DE02 Cefpirome

Cefpirome

Cefpirome is a fourth-generation cephalosporin. Trade names include Cefrom, Keiten, Broact, Cefir. Cefpirome is considered highly active against Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Gram-positive bacteria....

J01DE03 Cefozopran

Cefozopran

Cefozopran is a fourth-generation cephalosporin....

QJ01DE90 Cefquinome

J01DH Carbapenem

Carbapenem

Carbapenems are a class of β-lactam antibiotics with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. They have a structure that renders them highly resistant to most β-lactamases...

s

J01DH02 Meropenem

Meropenem

Meropenem is an ultra-broad spectrum injectable antibiotic used to treat a wide variety of infections, including meningitis and pneumonia. It is a beta-lactam and belongs to the subgroup of carbapenem, similar to imipenem and ertapenem. Meropenem was originally developed by Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals...

J01DH03 Ertapenem

Ertapenem

Ertapenem is a carbapenem antibiotic marketed by Merck as Invanz. It is structurally very similar to meropenem in that it possess a 1-β-methyl group.-Indications:...

J01DH04 Doripenem

Doripenem

Doripenem is an ultra-broad spectrum injectable antibiotic. It is a beta-lactam and belongs to the subgroup of carbapenems. It was launched by Shionogi Co. of Japan under the brand name Finibax in 2005 and is being marketed outside Japan by Johnson & Johnson...

J01DH05 Biapenem

Biapenem

Biapenem is a carbapenem antibiotic. It has in vitro activity against anaerobes.Approved in Japan in 2001.-External links:...

J01DH51 Imipenem

Imipenem

Imipenem is an intravenous β-lactam antibiotic developed in 1980. It has an extremely broad spectrum of activity.Imipenem belongs to the subgroup of carbapenems. It is derived from a compound called thienamycin, which is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces cattleya...

 and enzyme inhibitor

J01DH55 Panipenem

Panipenem

Panipenem is a carbapenem antibiotic used in combination with betamipron....

 and betamipron

Betamipron

Betamipron or N-benzoyl-β-alanine is a chemical compound which is used together with panipenem to inhibit panipenem uptake into the renal tubule and prevent nephrotoxicity....

J01DI Other cephalosporins

J01DI01 Ceftobiprole medocaril

J01DI02 Ceftaroline fosamil

J01E Sulfonamide

Sulfonamide (medicine)

Sulfonamide or sulphonamide is the basis of several groups of drugs. The original antibacterial sulfonamides are synthetic antimicrobial agents that contain the sulfonamide group. Some sulfonamides are also devoid of antibacterial activity, e.g., the anticonvulsant sultiame...

s and trimethoprim

Trimethoprim

Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections.It belongs to the class of chemotherapeutic agents known as dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors...

Subgroups J01EA–E are only included in the human ATC classification.

J01EA Trimethoprim and derivatives

J01EA01 Trimethoprim

Trimethoprim

Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections.It belongs to the class of chemotherapeutic agents known as dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors...

J01EA02 Brodimoprim

Brodimoprim

Brodimoprim is a structural derivative of trimethoprim. In brodimoprim, the 4-methoxy group of trimethoprim is replaced with a bromine atom.As trimethoprim, brodimoprim is a selective inhibitor of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase....

J01EA03 Iclaprim

Iclaprim

Iclaprim , codenamed AR-100 and RO-48-2622, is a diaminopyrimidine dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor being developed for the treatment of complicated skin and soft tissue infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. It is structurally related to trimethoprim...

J01EB Short-acting sulfonamides

J01EB01 Sulfaisodimidine

J01EB02 Sulfamethizole

Sulfamethizole

Sulfamethizole is a sulfonamide antibiotic.-External links:...

J01EB03 Sulfadimidine

Sulfadimidine

Sulfadimidine or sulfamethazine, is a sulfonamide antibacterial.There are non-standardized abbreviations for it as "sulfadimidine" and as "sulfamethazine"...

J01EB04 Sulfapyridine

Sulfapyridine

Sulfapyridine, original UK spelling Sulphapyridine, is a sulfonamide antibacterial. At one time it was commonly referred to as M&B....

J01EB05 Sulfafurazole

Sulfafurazole

Sulphafurazole is a sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms. It is sometimes given in combination with erythromycin or phenazopyridine. It is used locally in a 4% solution or ointment....

J01EB06 Sulfanilamide

J01EB07 Sulfathiazole

Sulfathiazole

Sulfathiazole is an organosulfur compound that has been used as a short-acting sulfa drug. It once was a common oral and topical antimicrobial until less toxic alternatives were discovered. It is still occasionally used, sometimes in combination with sulfabenzamide and sulfacetamide, and in...

J01EB08 Sulfathiourea

Sulfathiourea

Sulfathiourea is a sulfonamide antibacterial....

J01EB20 Combinations

J01EC Intermediate-acting sulfonamides

J01EC01 Sulfamethoxazole

Sulfamethoxazole

Sulfamethoxazole is a sulfonamide bacteriostatic antibiotic.It is most often used as part of a synergistic combination with trimethoprim in a 5:1 ratio in co-trimoxazole , also known under trade names such as Bactrim, Septrin, or Septra; in Eastern Europe it is marketed as Biseptol...

J01EC02 Sulfadiazine

Sulfadiazine

Sulfadiazine is a sulfonamide antibiotic.-Uses:It eliminates bacteria that cause infections by stopping the production of folic acid inside the bacterial cell, and is commonly used to treat urinary tract infections ....

J01EC03 Sulfamoxole

Sulfamoxole

Sulfamoxole is a sulfonamide antibacterial....

J01EC20 Combinations

J01ED Long-acting sulfonamides

J01ED01 Sulfadimethoxine

Sulfadimethoxine

Sulfadimethoxine is a sulfonamide antibiotic. Albon is produced by Pfizer Animal Health and is available as a oral suspension, tablet or bolus. It is used to treat many infections including treatment of respiratory, urinary tract, enteric, and soft tissue infections. It is most frequently used in...

J01ED02 Sulfalene

Sulfalene

Sulfalene is a sulfonamide antibacterial used for the treatment of chronic bronchitis, urinary tract infections and malaria....

J01ED03 Sulfametomidine

Sulfametomidine

Sulfametomidine is a sulfonamide antibacterial....

J01ED04 Sulfametoxydiazine

Sulfametoxydiazine

Sulfametoxydiazine or sulfamethoxydiazine is a long-acting sulfonamide antibacterial. It is used as a leprostatic agent and in the treatment of urinary tract infections....

J01ED05 Sulfamethoxypyridazine

Sulfamethoxypyridazine

Sulfamethoxypyridazine is a sulfonamide antibacterial.It is prescribed for vaginal irritation, and severe acute thrush....

J01ED06 Sulfaperin

Sulfaperin

Sulfaperin is a sulfonamide antibacterial....

J01ED07 Sulfamerazine

Sulfamerazine

Sulfamerazine is a sulfonamide antibacterial....

J01ED08 Sulfaphenazole

Sulfaphenazole

Sulfaphenazole is a sulfonamide antibacterial....

J01ED09 Sulfamazon

J01ED20 Combinations

J01EE Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim

Trimethoprim

Trimethoprim is a bacteriostatic antibiotic mainly used in the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections.It belongs to the class of chemotherapeutic agents known as dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors...

, including derivatives

J01EE01 Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim

Co-trimoxazole

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or co-trimoxazole is a sulfonamide antibiotic combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, in the ratio of 1 to 5, used in the treatment of a variety of bacterial infections.The name co-trimoxazole is the British Approved Name, and has been marketed worldwide...

J01EE02 Sulfadiazine and trimethoprim

J01EE03 Sulfametrole and trimethoprim

J01EE04 Sulfamoxole and trimethoprim

J01EE05 Sulfadimidine and trimethoprim

J01EE06 Sulfadiazine and tetroxoprim

J01EE07 Sulfamerazine and trimethoprim

QJ01EQ Sulfonamides

QJ01EQ01 Sulfapyrazole

QJ01EQ02 Sulfamethizole

QJ01EQ03 Sulfadimidine

QJ01EQ04 Sulfapyridine

QJ01EQ05 Sulfafurazole

QJ01EQ06 Sulfanilamide

QJ01EQ07 Sulfathiazole

QJ01EQ08 Sulfaphenazole

QJ01EQ09 Sulfadimethoxine

QJ01EQ10 Sulfadiazine

QJ01EQ11 Sulfamethoxazole

QJ01EQ12 Sulfachlorpyridazine

QJ01EQ13 Sulfadoxine

Sulfadoxine

Sulfadoxine is an ultra-long-lasting sulfonamide often used in combination with pyrimethamine to treat or prevent malaria....

QJ01EQ14 Sulfatroxazol

QJ01EQ15 Sulfamethoxypyridazine

QJ01EQ16 Sulfazuinoxaline

QJ01EQ30 Combinations of sulfonamides

QJ01EQ59 Sulfadimethoxine, combinations

QJ01EW Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim, including derivatives

QJ01EW03 Sulfadimidine and trimethoprim

QJ01EW09 Sulfadimethoxine and trimethoprim

QJ01EW10 Sulfadiazine and trimethoprim

QJ01EW11 Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprime

QJ01EW12 Sulfachlorpyridazine and trimethoprim

QJ01EW13 Sulfadoxine and trimethoprim

QJ01EW14 Sulfatroxazol and trimethoprim

QJ01EW15 Sulfamethoxypyridazine and trimethoprim

QJ01EW16 Sulfaquinoxaline and trimethoprim

QJ01EW17 Sulfamonomethoxine and trimethoprim

QJ01EW18 Sulfamerazine and trimethoprim

QJ01EW30 Combinations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim

J01FA Macrolides

J01FA01 Erythromycin

Erythromycin

Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that has an antimicrobial spectrum similar to or slightly wider than that of penicillin, and is often used for people who have an allergy to penicillins. For respiratory tract infections, it has better coverage of atypical organisms, including mycoplasma and...

J01FA02 Spiramycin

Spiramycin

Spiramycin is a macrolide antibiotic. It is used to treat toxoplasmosis. Although used in Europe, Canada and Mexico, spiramycin is still considered an experimental drug in the United States, but can sometimes be obtained by special permission from the FDA for toxoplasmosis in the first trimester of...

J01FA03 Midecamycin

Midecamycin

Midecamycin is a macrolide antibiotic. Synthesized from Streptomyces mycarofaciens.-Physical Properties:Melting point vary depending on the compound type. It may also vary depending on the source consulted...

J01FA05 Oleandomycin

Oleandomycin

Oleandomycin is a macrolide antibiotic. It is synthesized from strains of Streptomyces antibioticus. It is weaker than erythromycin.It used to be sold under the brand name Sigmamycine, combined with Tetracycline, and made by the company Rosa-Phytopharma in France....

J01FA06 Roxithromycin

Roxithromycin

Roxithromycin is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic. It is used to treat respiratory tract, urinary and soft tissue infections. Roxithromycin is derived from erythromycin, containing the same 14-membered lactone ring. However, an N-oxime side chain is attached to the lactone ring...

J01FA07 Josamycin

Josamycin

Josamycin is a macrolide antibiotic. It is synthesized from strains of Streptomyces narbonensis var. josamyceticus var. novaCurrently sold in various countries.Brand examples are:...

J01FA08 Troleandomycin

Troleandomycin

Troleandomycin is a macrolide antibiotic. It is currently sold in Italy and Turkey.Side effects: It is a CYP3A4 inhibitor....

J01FA09 Clarithromycin

Clarithromycin

Clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used to treat pharyngitis, tonsillitis, acute maxillary sinusitis, acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, pneumonia , skin and skin structure infections...

J01FA10 Azithromycin

Azithromycin

Azithromycin is an azalide, a subclass of macrolide antibiotics. Azithromycin is one of the world's best-selling antibiotics...

J01FA11 Miocamycin

Miocamycin

Miocamycin is a macrolide antibiotic....

J01FA12 Rokitamycin

Rokitamycin

Rokitamycin is a macrolide antibiotic. Synthesized from strains of Streptomyces kitasatoensis.-External links:*...

J01FA13 Dirithromycin

Dirithromycin

Dirithromycin is a macrolide glycopeptide antibiotic.Dirithromycin is a more lipid-soluble prodrug derivative of 9S-erythromycyclamine prepared by condensation of the latter with 2-acetaldehyde...

J01FA14 Flurithromycin

Flurithromycin

Flurithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic. It is a fluorinated derivative of erythromycin....

J01FA15 Telithromycin

Telithromycin

Telithromycin is the first ketolide antibiotic to enter clinical use. It is used to treat mild to moderate respiratory infections. Telithromycin is sold under the brand name of Ketek....

QJ01FA90 Tylosin

Tylosin

Tylosin is a macrolide-class antibiotic used in veterinary medicine. It has a broad spectrum of activity against gram positive organisms and a limited range of gram negative organisms...

QJ01FA91 Tilmicosin

QJ01FA92 Acetyl isovaleryl tylosin

QJ01FA93 Kitasamycin

Kitasamycin

Kitasamycin is a macrolide antibiotic. It is produced by streptomyces kitasatoensis. The drug has antimicrobial activity against a wide spectrum of pathogens....

QJ01FA94 Tulathromycin

Tulathromycin

Tulathromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used to treat bovine respiratory disease in cattle and swine respiratory disease in pigs. It is marketed by Pfizer Inc. under the tradename Draxxin....

QJ01FA95 Gamithromycin

QJ01FA96 Tildipirosin

J01FF Lincosamides

J01FF01 Clindamycin

Clindamycin

Clindamycin rINN is a lincosamide antibiotic. It is usually used to treat infections with anaerobic bacteria but can also be used to treat some protozoal diseases, such as malaria...

J01FF02 Lincomycin

Lincomycin

Lincomycin is a lincosamide antibiotic that comes from the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis. It has been structurally modified by thionyl chloride to its more commonly known 7-chloro-7-deoxy derivative, clindamycin...

QJ01FF52 Lincomycin, combinations

J01FG Streptogramins

J01FG01 Pristinamycin

Pristinamycin

Pristinamycin , also spelled pristinamycine, is an antibiotic used primarily in the treatment of staphylococcal infections, and to a lesser extent streptococcal infections. It is a streptogramin group antibiotic, similar to virginiamycin, derived from the bacterium Streptomyces pristinaespiralis...

J01FG02 Quinupristin/dalfopristin

Quinupristin/dalfopristin

Quinupristin/dalfopristin is a combination of two antibiotics used to treat infections by staphylococci and by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium....

QJ01FG90 Virginiamycin

Virginiamycin

Virginiamycin is a streptogramin antibiotic similar to pristinamycin and quinupristin/dalfopristin. It is a combination of pristinamycin IIA and virginiamycin S1. Virginiamycin is used in the fuel ethanol industry to prevent microbial contamination...

J01GA Streptomycin

Streptomycin

Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given...

s

J01GA01 Streptomycin

Streptomycin

Streptomycin is an antibiotic drug, the first of a class of drugs called aminoglycosides to be discovered, and was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin cannot be given...

J01GA02 Streptoduocin

Streptoduocin

Streptoduocin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic.It is a mixture of streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin....

QJ01GA90 Dihydrostreptomycin

Dihydrostreptomycin

Dihydrostreptomycin is an antibiotic....

J01GB Other aminoglycosides

J01GB01 Tobramycin

J01GB03 Gentamicin

Gentamicin

Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, used to treat many types of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-negative organisms. However, gentamicin is not used for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis or Legionella pneumophila...

J01GB04 Kanamycin

Kanamycin

Kanamycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, available in oral, intravenous, and intramuscular forms, and used to treat a wide variety of infections. Kanamycin is isolated from Streptomyces kanamyceticus.-Mechanism:...

J01GB05 Neomycin

Neomycin

Neomycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that is found in many topical medications such as creams, ointments, and eyedrops. The discovery of Neomycin dates back to 1949. It was discovered in the lab of Selman Waksman, who was later awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology and medicine in 1951...

J01GB06 Amikacin

Amikacin

Amikacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat different types of bacterial infections. Amikacin works by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of mRNA and leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth.-Administration:Amikacin may be...

J01GB07 Netilmicin

Netilmicin

Netilmicin is a member of the aminoglycoside family of antibiotics. These antibiotics have the ability to kill a wide variety of bacteria. Netilmicin is not absorbed from the gut and is therefore only given by injection or infusion...

J01GB08 Sisomicin

Sisomicin

Sisomicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic....

J01GB09 Dibekacin

Dibekacin

Dibekacin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic.It has been used in combination with sulbenicillin....

J01GB10 Ribostamycin

Ribostamycin

Ribostamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic....

J01GB11 Isepamicin

Isepamicin

Isepamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic....

J01GB12 Arbekacin

Arbekacin

Arbekacin is a semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic. It is primarily used for the treatment of infections caused by multi-resistant bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus . Arbekacin was originally synthesized from dibekacin in 1973. It has been registered and marketed...

QJ01GB90 Apramycin

Apramycin

Apramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used in veterinary medicine. It is produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius.-Mechanism of action:...

QJ01GB91 Framycetin

Framycetin

Framycetin is an antibiotic of the aminoglycoside class similar to neomycin. Like neomycin, it has poor systemic absorption. It is used in topical preparations for infections of the skin, nose, ears, and eyes, often in combination with other antibacterial drugs and corticosteroids...

J01M Quinolone

Quinolone

The quinolones are a family of synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotics. The term quinolone refers to potent synthetic chemotherapeutic antibacterials....

 antibacterials

In ATCvet, this subgroup is named "QJ01M Quinolone and quinoxaline

Quinoxaline

A quinoxaline, also called a benzopyrazine, in organic chemistry, is a heterocyclic compound containing a ring complex made up of a benzene ring and a pyrazine ring...

 antibacterials".

J01MA Fluoroquinolones

J01MA01 Ofloxacin

Ofloxacin

Ofloxacin is a synthetic chemotherapeutic antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone drug class considered to be a second-generation fluoroquinolone. The original brand, Floxin, has been discontinued by the manufacturer in the United States on 18 June 2009, though generic equivalents continue to be...

J01MA02 Ciprofloxacin

Ciprofloxacin

Ciprofloxacin is a synthetic chemotherapeutic antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone drug class.It is a second-generation fluoroquinolone antibacterial. It kills bacteria by interfering with the enzymes that cause DNA to rewind after being copied, which stops synthesis of DNA and of...

J01MA03 Pefloxacin

Pefloxacin

Pefloxacin is a synthetic chemotherapeutic agent used to treat severe and life threatening bacterial infections. Pefloxacin is commonly referred to as a fluoroquinolone drug and is a member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterials. It is an analog of norfloxacin. It is a synthetic...

J01MA04 Enoxacin

Enoxacin

Enoxacin is an oral broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent used in the treatment of urinary tract infections and gonorrhea...

J01MA05 Temafloxacin

Temafloxacin

Temafloxacin , is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic drug which was withdrawn from sale in the United States shortly after its approval in 1992 because of serious adverse effects resulting in three deaths....

J01MA06 Norfloxacin

Norfloxacin

Norfloxacin is a synthetic chemotherapeutic antibacterial agent occasionally used to treat common as well as complicated urinary tract infections. It is sold under various brand names with the most common being Noroxin. In form of ophthalmic solutions it is known as Chibroxin...

J01MA07 Lomefloxacin

Lomefloxacin

Lomefloxacin hydrochloride , is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used to prevent urinary tract infections prior to surgery...

J01MA08 Fleroxacin

Fleroxacin

Fleroxacin is a quinolone. It is sold under the brand names Quinodis and Megalocin....

J01MA09 Sparfloxacin

Sparfloxacin

Sparfloxacin , trade names Zagam and Zagam Respipac, is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections. It has a controversial safety profile...

J01MA10 Rufloxacin

Rufloxacin

Rufloxacin is a quinolone. It is sold under the brand names, Ruflox, Monos, Qari, Tebraxin, Uroflox, Uroclar....

J01MA11 Grepafloxacin

Grepafloxacin

Grepafloxacin hydrochloride was a oral broad-spectrum quinoline antibacterial agent used to treat bacterial infections...

J01MA12 Levofloxacin

Levofloxacin

Levofloxacin is a synthetic chemotherapeutic antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone drug class and is used to treat severe or life-threatening bacterial infections or bacterial infections that have failed to respond to other antibiotic classes. It is sold under various brand names, such as Levaquin and...

J01MA13 Trovafloxacin

Trovafloxacin

Trovafloxacin is a broad spectrum antibiotic that inhibits the uncoiling of supercoiled DNA in various bacteria by blocking the activity of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. It was withdrawn from the market due to the risk of hepatotoxicity...

J01MA14 Moxifloxacin

Moxifloxacin

Moxifloxacin is a fourth-generation synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent developed by Bayer AG . It is marketed worldwide under the brand names Avelox, Avalox, and Avelon for oral treatment. In most countries, the drug is also available in parenteral form for intravenous infusion...

J01MA15 Gemifloxacin

Gemifloxacin

Gemifloxacin mesylate is an oral broad-spectrum quinolone antibacterial agent used in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and mild-to-moderate pneumonia....

J01MA16 Gatifloxacin

Gatifloxacin

Gatifloxacin sold under the brand names Gatiflo, Tequin and Zymar, is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV...

J01MA17 Prulifloxacin

Prulifloxacin

Prulifloxacin is an older synthetic chemotherapeutic antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone drug class currently undergoing clinical trials prior to a possible NDA submission to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration . It is a prodrug which is metabolized in the body to the active compound ulifloxacin....

J01MA18 Pazufloxacin

Pazufloxacin

Pazufloxacin is a quinolone. It is sold in Japan under the brand names Pasil and Pazucross....

J01MA19 Garenoxacin

Garenoxacin

Garenoxacin is a quinolone antibiotic for the treatment of gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial infections.It was discovered by Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd. of Tokyo, Japan, and is currently being marketed in Japan under the tradename Geninax...

J01MA21 Sitafloxacin

Sitafloxacin

Sitafloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that shows promise in the treatment of Buruli ulcer. The molecule was identified by Daiichi Sankyo Co., which brought ofloxacin and levofloxacin to the market. Sitafloxacin is currently marketed in Japan by Daiichi Sankyo under the tradename...

QJ01MA90 Enrofloxacin

Enrofloxacin

Enrofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic sold by the Bayer Corporation under the trade name Baytril. Enrofloxacin is currently FDA-approved for treatment of individual pets and domestic animals in the United States...

QJ01MA92 Danofloxacin

Danofloxacin

Danofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used in veterinary medicine....

QJ01MA93 Marbofloxacin

Marbofloxacin

Marbofloxacin is a potent antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone group. It is used in veterinary medicine under the trade names Marbocyl and Zeniquin...

QJ01MA94 Difloxacin

Difloxacin

Difloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used in veterinary medicine. Although a broad-spectrum antimicrobial, its efficacy is not as good as enrofloxacin or pradofloxacin....

QJ01MA95 Orbifloxacin

Orbifloxacin

Orbifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic which is approved for use in dogs, marketed by Schering-Plough Animal Health....

QJ01MA96 Ibafloxacin

Ibafloxacin

Ibafloxacin is a quinolone antibiotic drug used in veterinary medicine....

J01MB Other quinolones

J01MB01 Rosoxacin

Rosoxacin

Rosoxacin is a quinolone antibiotic indicated for the treatment of urinary tract infections and certain sexually transmitted diseases. Rosoxacin is not available in the United States....

J01MB02 Nalidixic acid

Nalidixic acid

Nalidixic acid is the first of the synthetic quinolone antibiotics...

J01MB03 Piromidic acid

Piromidic acid

Piromidic acid is a quinolone....

J01MB04 Pipemidic acid

Pipemidic acid

Pipemidic acid is a member of the pyridopyrimidine class of antibacterials, which display some overlap in mechanism of action with analogous pyridone-containing quinolones....

J01MB05 Oxolinic acid

Oxolinic acid

Oxolinic acid is a quinolone antibiotic developed in Japan in the 1970s. Dosages 12-20mg/kg orally administered for five to ten days. The antibiotic works by inhibiting the enzyme DNA gyrase. It also acts as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor and has stimulant effects in mice....

J01MB06 Cinoxacin

Cinoxacin

Cinoxacin has been discontinued in the U.K. as well the United States, both as a branded drug or a generic.Cinoxacin was an older synthetic antimicrobial related to the quinolone class of antibiotics with activity similar to Oxolinic Acid and Nalidixic Acid. It was commonly used thirty years ago...

J01MB07 Flumequine

Flumequine

Flumequine is a synthetic chemotherapeutic antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone drug class used to treat bacterial infections. It is a first-generation fluoroquinolone antibacterial that has been removed from clinical use and is no longer being marketed. It kills bacteria by interfering with the...

J01RA Combinations of antibacterials

J01RA01 Penicillins, combinations with other antibacterials

J01RA02 Sulfonamides, combinations with other antibacterials (excluding trimethoprim)

J01RA03 Cefuroxime, combinations with other antibacterials

J01RA04 Spiramycin, combinations with other antibacterials

QJ01RA90 Tetracyclines, combinations with other antibacterials

QJ01RA91 Macrolides, combinations with other antibacterials

QJ01RA92 Amphenicols, combinations with other antibacterials

QJ01RA94 Lincosamides, combinations with other antibacterials

QJ01RA95 Polymyxins, combinations with other antibacterials

QJ01RA96 Quinolones, combinations with other antibacterials

QJ01RV Combinations of antibacterials and other substances

QJ01RV01 Antibacterials and corticosteroid

Corticosteroid

Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex. Corticosteroids are involved in a wide range of physiologic systems such as stress response, immune response and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte...

s

J01XA Glycopeptide

Glycopeptide

Glycopeptides are peptides that contain carbohydrate moieties covalently attached to the side chains of the amino acid residues that constitute the peptide. Over the past few decades it has been recognised that glycans on cell surface and those bound to proteins play a critical role in biology...

 antibacterials

J01XA01 Vancomycin

Vancomycin

Vancomycin INN is a glycopeptide antibiotic used in the prophylaxis and treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria. It has traditionally been reserved as a drug of "last resort", used only after treatment with other antibiotics had failed, although the emergence of...

J01XA02 Teicoplanin

Teicoplanin

Teicoplanin is an antibiotic used in the prophylaxis and treatment of serious infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. It is a glycopeptide antibiotic extracted from Actinoplanes teichomyceticus, with a similar...

J01XA03 Telavancin

Telavancin

Telavancin is a bactericidal lipoglycopeptide for use in MRSA or other Gram-positive infections. Telavancin is a synthetic derivative of vancomycin....

J01XA04 Dalbavancin

Dalbavancin

Dalbavancin is a novel second-generation lipoglycopeptide antibiotic. It belongs to the same class as vancomycin, the most widely-used and one of the few treatments available to patients infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus .Dalbavancin is a novel semisynthetic...

J01XA05 Oritavancin

Oritavancin

Oritavancin is a novel semi-synthetic glycopeptide antibiotic being developed for the treatment of serious Gram-positive infections...

J01XD Imidazole derivatives

J01XD01 Metronidazole

Metronidazole

Metronidazole is a nitroimidazole antibiotic medication used particularly for anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Metronidazole is an antibiotic, amebicide, and antiprotozoal....

J01XD02 Tinidazole

Tinidazole

Tinidazole is an anti-parasitic drug used against protozoan infections. It is widely known throughout Europe and the developing world as treatment for a variety of amoebic and parasitic infections...

J01XD03 Ornidazole

Ornidazole

Ornidazole is a drug that cures some protozoan infections. It is used by the poultry industry.It has been investigated for use in Crohn's disease after bowel resection.-References:...

J01XE Nitrofuran derivatives

J01XE01 Nitrofurantoin

Nitrofurantoin

Nitrofurantoin is an antibiotic which is marketed under the following brand names; Furadantin, Macrobid, Macrodantin, Nitrofur Mac, Nitro Macro, Nifty-SR, Martifur-MR, Martifur-100 , Urantoin, and Uvamin . It is usually used in treating urinary tract infection...

J01XE02 Nifurtoinol

Nifurtoinol

Nifurtoinol is a nitrofuran-derivative antibiotic used in the treatment of urinary tract infections.It is also known as "hydroxymethylnitrofurantoin"....

QJ01XE90 Furazolidine

J01XX Other antibacterials

J01XX01 Fosfomycin

Fosfomycin

Fosfomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by certain Streptomyces species.-Uses:...

J01XX02 Xibornol

Xibornol

Xibornol is an antibiotic.It is primarily administered to the throat.Xibornol is a lipophilic drug mainly used in Italy and Spain in spray dosage forms for the local treatment of infection and inflammation of the throat...

J01XX03 Clofoctol

Clofoctol

Clofoctol is a bacteriostatic antibiotic. It is used in the treatment of respiratory tract and ear, nose and throat infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria.It is marketed in France under the trade name Octoplus and in Italy as Gramplus....

J01XX04 Spectinomycin

Spectinomycin

Spectinomycin is an aminocyclitol antibiotic, closely related to the aminoglycosides, produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis....

J01XX05 Methenamine

J01XX06 Mandelic acid

Mandelic acid

Mandelic acid is an aromatic alpha hydroxy acid with the molecular formula C6H5CHCO2H. It is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water and polar organic solvents. It is a useful precursor to various drugs...

J01XX07 Nitroxoline

Nitroxoline

Nitroxoline is an antibiotic.It was recently discovered that nitroxoline has antiangiogenic properties, which could make it useful as an anti-cancer drug....

J01XX08 Linezolid

Linezolid

Linezolid is a synthetic antibiotic used for the treatment of serious infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria that are resistant to several other antibiotics...

J01XX09 Daptomycin

Daptomycin

Daptomycin is a novel lipopeptide antibiotic used in the treatment of certain infections caused by Gram-positive organisms. It is a naturally occurring compound found in the soil saprotroph Streptomyces roseosporus. Its distinct mechanism of action means that it may be useful in treating infections...

J01XX10 Bacitracin

Bacitracin

Bacitracin is a mixture of related cyclic polypeptides produced by organisms of the licheniformis group of Bacillus subtilis var Tracy, isolation of which was first reported in 1945....

QJ01XX55 Methenamine, combinations

QJ01XX93 Furaltadone