Cefpodoxime
Encyclopedia
Cefpodoxime is an oral third generation cephalosporin
antibiotic
. It is marketed as the prodrug
cefpodoxime proxetil by Pharmacia & Upjohn under the trade name Vantin. It is active against most Gram positive and Gram negative organisms. Notable exceptions include Pseudomonas aeruginosa
, Enterococcus
, and Bacteroides fragilis
. It is commonly used to treat acute otitis media
, pharyngitis
, and sinusitis
. It also finds use as oral continuation therapy when intravenous cephalosporins (such as ceftriaxone
) are no longer necessary for continued treatment.
Pfizer
, the parent company of Pharmacia & Upjohn, markets cefpodoxime proxetil under the trade name Simplicef for veterinary use. The dose range in dogs is 5–10 mg/kg body weight, administered orally, once a day.
Cephalosporin
The cephalosporins are a class of β-lactam antibiotics originally derived from Acremonium, which was previously known as "Cephalosporium".Together with cephamycins they constitute a subgroup of β-lactam antibiotics called cephems.-Medical use:...
antibiotic
Antibiotic
An antibacterial is a compound or substance that kills or slows down the growth of bacteria.The term is often used synonymously with the term antibiotic; today, however, with increased knowledge of the causative agents of various infectious diseases, antibiotic has come to denote a broader range of...
. It is marketed as the prodrug
Prodrug
A prodrug is a pharmacological substance administered in an inactive form. Once administered, the prodrug is metabolised in vivo into an active metabolite, a process termed bioactivation. The rationale behind the use of a prodrug is generally for absorption, distribution, metabolism, and...
cefpodoxime proxetil by Pharmacia & Upjohn under the trade name Vantin. It is active against most Gram positive and Gram negative organisms. Notable exceptions include Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacterium that can cause disease in animals, including humans. It is found in soil, water, skin flora, and most man-made environments throughout the world. It thrives not only in normal atmospheres, but also in hypoxic atmospheres, and has, thus, colonized many...
, Enterococcus
Enterococcus
Enterococcus is a genus of lactic acid bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes. Enterococci are Gram-positive cocci that often occur in pairs or short chains, and are difficult to distinguish from streptococci on physical characteristics alone. Two species are common commensal organisms in the...
, and Bacteroides fragilis
Bacteroides fragilis
Bacteroides fragilis is a Gram-negative bacillus bacterium species, and an obligate anaerobe of the gut.B. fragilis group is the most commonly isolated bacteriodaceae in anaerobic infections especially those that originate from the gastrointestinal flora. B. fragilis is the most prevalent organism...
. It is commonly used to treat acute otitis media
Otitis media
Otitis media is inflammation of the middle ear, or a middle ear infection.It occurs in the area between the tympanic membrane and the inner ear, including a duct known as the eustachian tube. It is one of the two categories of ear inflammation that can underlie what is commonly called an earache,...
, pharyngitis
Pharyngitis
Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the throat or pharynx. In most cases it is quite painful, and is the most common cause of a sore throat.Like many types of inflammation, pharyngitis can be acute – characterized by a rapid onset and typically a relatively short course – or chronic....
, and sinusitis
Sinusitis
Sinusitis is inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, which may be due to infection, allergy, or autoimmune issues. Most cases are due to a viral infection and resolve over the course of 10 days...
. It also finds use as oral continuation therapy when intravenous cephalosporins (such as ceftriaxone
Ceftriaxone
Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Like other third-generation cephalosporins, it has broad spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In most cases, it is considered to be equivalent to cefotaxime in terms of safety and efficacy...
) are no longer necessary for continued treatment.
Pfizer
Pfizer
Pfizer, Inc. is an American multinational pharmaceutical corporation. The company is based in New York City, New York with its research headquarters in Groton, Connecticut, United States...
, the parent company of Pharmacia & Upjohn, markets cefpodoxime proxetil under the trade name Simplicef for veterinary use. The dose range in dogs is 5–10 mg/kg body weight, administered orally, once a day.
External links
- cefpodoxime proxetil- Vantin Tablets and Oral Suspension Torpod (Torrent)Full U.S. Prescribing Information (from manufacturer's website)
- Simplicef (from manufacturer's website)
- http://www.intaspharma.com/index.php?option=com_djcatalog2&view=itemstable&cid=3&Itemid=77