1871 in Canada
Encyclopedia
Events from the year 1871 in Canada
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Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
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January to June
- March 10 - Government of ManitobaManitobaManitoba is a Canadian prairie province with an area of . The province has over 110,000 lakes and has a largely continental climate because of its flat topography. Agriculture, mostly concentrated in the fertile southern and western parts of the province, is vital to the province's economy; other...
meets for the first time - March 21 - The 1871 Ontario electionOntario general election, 1871The Ontario general election of 1871 was the second general election held in the Province of Ontario, Canada. It was held on March 21, 1871, to elect the 82 Members of the 2nd Legislative Assembly of Ontario ....
: Edward BlakeEdward BlakeDominick Edward Blake, PC, QC , known as Edward Blake, was the second Premier of Ontario, Canada, from 1871 to 1872 and leader of the Liberal Party of Canada from 1880 to 1887...
's Liberals win a majority, defeating J. S. MacdonaldJohn Sandfield MacdonaldJohn Sandfield Macdonald, QC was the first Premier of the province of Ontario, one of the four founding provinces created at the confederation of Canada in 1867...
's Liberal-Conservatives - April 2 - The first Canadian censusCensusA census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
finds the population to be 3,689,257 - May 8 - The Treaty of Washington reaches agreements on fishing rights and Great LakesGreat LakesThe Great Lakes are a collection of freshwater lakes located in northeastern North America, on the Canada – United States border. Consisting of Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario, they form the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth by total surface, coming in second by volume...
trade between Canada and the United StatesUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district... - May 16 - The 1871 Nova Scotia electionNova Scotia general election, 1871The 2nd Nova Scotia general election was held on 16 May 1871 to elect members of the 25th House of Assembly of the Province of Nova Scotia, Canada. It was won by the Liberal party....
: William AnnandWilliam AnnandWilliam Annand was a Nova Scotia publisher and politician.Born in Halifax, Annand was first elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in 1836 and supported demands for responsible government. He lost his seat in 1843 and became proprietor and editor of the Novascotian and Morning Chronicle...
's LiberalsLiberal Party of Nova ScotiaThe Liberal Party of Nova Scotia is a political party in Nova Scotia, Canada.-Origins:The party is descended from the pre-Confederation Reformers in Nova Scotia who coalesced around Joseph Howe demanding the institution of responsible government...
win a second consecutive majorityMajorityA majority is a subset of a group consisting of more than half of its members. This can be compared to a plurality, which is a subset larger than any other subset; i.e. a plurality is not necessarily a majority as the largest subset may consist of less than half the group's population... - May 17 - New BrunswickNew BrunswickNew Brunswick is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the only province in the federation that is constitutionally bilingual . The provincial capital is Fredericton and Saint John is the most populous city. Greater Moncton is the largest Census Metropolitan Area...
abandons separate schools.
July to December
- July - Phoebe CampbellPhoebe CampbellPhoebe Campbell was a Canadian woman who was hanged for the murder of her husband.Campbell had alleged that on the morning of July 15, 1871, in Thorndale, Middlesex County, Ontario, two black-faced men broke into George and Phoebe's log cabin home and brutally hacked George to death with an axe...
murders her husband with an axe. She is hanged the next year. - July 20
- British ColumbiaBritish ColumbiaBritish Columbia is the westernmost of Canada's provinces and is known for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu . Its name was chosen by Queen Victoria in 1858...
joins Confederation. - The 1871 British Columbia electionBritish Columbia general election, 1871Formerly a British colony, British Columbia became a province of Canada on July 20, 1871. An interim Cabinet was appointed by the Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia, and election writs for the first general election were issued to choose 25 members of the first provincial legislature from 12...
- British Columbia
- July 25 - Treaty 1Treaty 1Treaty 1 is a controversial agreement established August 3, 1871 between Queen Victoria and various First Nations in South Eastern Manitoba including the Chippewa and Swampy Cree tribes.-History:...
the first of a number of treaties with western Canada's First Nations is signed - August 17 - Treaty 2Treaty 2Treaty 2 was an agreement established August 21, 1871, between the Queen Victoria and various First Nations in southwest Manitoba and a small part of southeast Saskatchewan; treaty signatories from this region included the Ojibway tribes.-History:...
is signed - November 11 - The last of the British army leaves Canada
- November 13 - John McCreight becomes the first premier of British Columbia
- December 14 - Marc-Amable GirardMarc-Amable GirardMarc-Amable Girard was the second Premier of the Western Canadian province of Manitoba, and the first Franco-Manitoban to hold that post. The Canadian Parliamentary Guide lists Girard as having been Premier from 1871 to 1872, but he did not have this title at the time and was not the government...
becomes the first franco-manitobanFranco-ManitobanFranco-Manitobans are a community of French Canadians and other French-speaking people living in Manitoba. Most Franco-Manitobans have roots in Quebec. However, many are of Métis and Belgian ancestry while others have ancestors that came directly from France, its former colonies and other...
of premier of Manitoba, replacing Alfred BoydAlfred BoydAlfred Boyd was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He is usually considered to have been the first Premier of Manitoba , but he was not recognized by that title at the time and was not the real leader of the government. He is more correctly referred to as the first Provincial Secretary of Manitoba... - December 20 - Edward Blake becomes premier of Ontario, replacing J. S. Macdonald.
Full date unknown
- National Meteorological Service is formed
- Parliament legalizes the use of the metric systemMetric systemThe metric system is an international decimalised system of measurement. France was first to adopt a metric system, in 1799, and a metric system is now the official system of measurement, used in almost every country in the world...
- Goldwin SmithGoldwin SmithGoldwin Smith was a British-Canadian historian and journalist.- Early years :He was born at Reading, Berkshire. He was educated at Eton College and Magdalen College, Oxford, and after a brilliant undergraduate career he was elected to a fellowship at University College, Oxford...
immigrates to Canada - Ontario Schools Act is passed in OntarioOntarioOntario is a province of Canada, located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province and second largest in total area. It is home to the nation's most populous city, Toronto, and the nation's capital, Ottawa....
, requiring all students aged 7 to 12 to attend school. - The 1871 Québec electionQuebec general election, 1871The Quebec general election of 1871 was held in June and July of 1871 to elect members of the 2nd Legislative Assembly for the Province of Quebec, Canada...
: Pierre-Joseph-Olivier ChauveauPierre-Joseph-Olivier ChauveauPierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau , born in Charlesbourg, near Quebec City, was the first Premier of the Canadian province of Quebec following the establishment of the Dominion of Canada in 1867. He led a Conservative Party government. He was also the Minister of Education and Provincial Secretary...
's Conservatives win a second consecutive majorityMajorityA majority is a subset of a group consisting of more than half of its members. This can be compared to a plurality, which is a subset larger than any other subset; i.e. a plurality is not necessarily a majority as the largest subset may consist of less than half the group's population...
Births
- January 30 - Wilfred LucasWilfred LucasWilfred Lucas was a Canadian stage and film actor, film director, and screenwriter.-Career:A native of Ontario, Canada, Lucas headed to New York City to work in the theater, making his Broadway acting debut in 1904 at the Savoy Theater in the production of The Superstition of Sue...
, actor, film director and screenwriter (d.19401940 in Canada-January to June:*March 13 - David Boon becomes premier of New Brunswick, replacing Allison Dysart*March 21 - Alberta election: William Aberhart's Social Credit Party wins a second consecutive majority...
) - May 14 - Walter Stanley MonroeWalter Stanley MonroeWalter Stanley Monroe was a businessman and conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of Newfoundland from 1924 to 1928 as leader of the Liberal-Conservative Progressive Party....
, businessman, politician and Prime Minister of NewfoundlandDominion of NewfoundlandThe Dominion of Newfoundland was a British Dominion from 1907 to 1949 . The Dominion of Newfoundland was situated in northeastern North America along the Atlantic coast and comprised the island of Newfoundland and Labrador on the continental mainland...
(d.19521952 in Canada-Incumbents:*Monarchy in Canada: King George VI then Elizabeth II*Governor General: Earl Alexander of Tunis then Vincent Massey*Prime Minister: Louis Saint Laurent*Premier of Alberta: Ernest Manning*Premier of British Columbia: Byron Johnson then W.A.C...
) - July 16 - George Stewart HenryGeorge Stewart HenryGeorge Stewart Henry was a farmer, businessman and politician in Ontario, Canada.Born in Township of King, York County, Ontario, the son of William and Louisa Henry, Henry was educated at the public schools of Toronto, Upper Canada College and the University of Toronto where he received a B.A. and...
, politician and 10th Premier of OntarioPremier of OntarioThe Premier of Ontario is the first Minister of the Crown for the Canadian province of Ontario. The Premier is appointed as the province's head of government by the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario, and presides over the Executive council, or Cabinet. The Executive Council Act The Premier of Ontario...
(d.19581958 in Canada-Incumbents:*Monarch – Elizabeth II*Governor General – Vincent Massey then Georges Vanier*Prime Minister – John Diefenbaker*Premier of Alberta – Ernest Manning*Premier of British Columbia – W.A.C...
) - July 25 - Richard Ernest William TurnerRichard Ernest William TurnerLieutenant General Sir Richard Ernest William Turner VC, KCB, KCMG, DSO was a Canadian army officer during the Boer War and World War I, and a recipient of the Victoria Cross...
, soldier and recipient of the Victoria CrossVictoria CrossThe Victoria Cross is the highest military decoration awarded for valour "in the face of the enemy" to members of the armed forces of various Commonwealth countries, and previous British Empire territories....
(d.19611961 in Canada- Incumbents :* Monarch: Elizabeth II* Governor General: Georges Vanier* Prime Minister: John Diefenbaker* Premier of Alberta: Ernest Manning* Premier of British Columbia: W.A.C...
) - August 4 - Robert Hamilton ButtsRobert Hamilton ButtsRobert Hamilton Butts was a politician, barrister and lawyer. He was elected to the Canadian House of Commons as a Member of the Unionist in the 1917 election to represent the riding of Cape Breton South and Richmond. He was defeated in the 1923 election for the riding of North Cape Breton and...
, politician (d.19431943 in Canada-Events:*January 8 - Stuart Garson becomes premier of Manitoba, replacing John Bracken, who had governed for 21 years*May 11 - J. Walter Jones becomes premier of Prince Edward Island, replacing Thane Campbell...
) - September 8 - Samuel McLaughlinSamuel McLaughlinColonel Robert Samuel McLaughlin, CC, ED, CD was an influential Canadian businessman and philanthropist. He started the McLaughlin Motor Car Co...
, businessman and philanthropist (d.19721972 in Canada-Incumbents:*Monarch: Elizabeth II*Governor General: Roland Michener*Prime Minister: Pierre Trudeau*Premier of Alberta: Peter Lougheed*Premier of British Columbia: W.A.C...
) - September 9 - Hugh RobsonHugh RobsonHugh Amos Robson was a politician and judge in Manitoba. He briefly served as leader of the Manitoba Liberal Party in the 1920s.-Career:...
, politician and judge - October 31 - Alexander Stirling MacMillanAlexander Stirling MacMillanAlexander S. MacMillan was a Nova Scotia politician and businessman, the provinces 13th Premier.MacMillan was born in Upper South River, Antigonish County. He made his fortune in lumbering and construction before being made chairman of the Nova Scotia Highways Board in 1920 and serving briefly as...
, businessman, politician and Premier of Nova ScotiaNova ScotiaNova Scotia is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the most populous province in Atlantic Canada. The name of the province is Latin for "New Scotland," but "Nova Scotia" is the recognized, English-language name of the province. The provincial capital is Halifax. Nova Scotia is the...
(d.19551955 in Canada-Incumbents:*Monarch: Elizabeth II*Governor General: Vincent Massey*Prime Minister: Louis Saint Laurent*Premier of Alberta: Ernest Manning*Premier of British Columbia: W.A.C...
) - December 2 - Stanislas BlanchardStanislas BlanchardStanislas Blanchard was a Canadian politician and gentleman. He was elected to the Canadian House of Commons in the 1926 election to represent the Liberal Party in the riding of Restigouche—Madawaska. He did not run in the 1930 election.-External links:...
, politician (d.19491949 in Canada-Events:*March 31 - Newfoundland becomes Canada's 10th province at a fraction of a second from April 1, April Fools' Day.*April 1 - Joey Smallwood becomes the first premier of Newfoundland as a Canadian province...
) - December 13 - Emily CarrEmily CarrEmily Carr was a Canadian artist and writer heavily inspired by the indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast. One of the first painters in Canada to adopt a post-impressionist painting style, Carr did not receive widespread recognition for her work until later in her life...
, artist and writer (d.19451945 in Canada-Events:* January 8 - Brantford, Ontario becomes the first Canadian community to fluoridate its water supply.* 1944-1945: World War II: Japan's Special Balloon Regiment drops 9,000 balloon bombs over the Pacific Northwest, intended to cause panic, by starting forest fires. Six casualties, a woman...
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Deaths
- January 29 - Philippe-Joseph Aubert de GaspéPhilippe-Joseph Aubert de GaspéPhilippe-Joseph Aubert de Gaspé was a French Canadian writer and seigneur.He was born at Quebec City in 1786, the son of seigneur Pierre-Ignace Aubert de Gaspé and Catherine Tarieu de Lanaudière, the daughter of seigneur Charles-François Tarieu de La Naudière. The Aubert de Gaspé family was...
, lawyer, writer, fifth and last seigneur of Saint-Jean-Port-Joli (L’Islet County) (b.17861786 in Canada-Events:*New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland allowed to import goods from the United States.*Gerassin Pribilof discovers the rookeries on the islands now known as the Pribilofs.*John Molson founds his first brewery in Montreal.-Births:...
) - January 31 - John RossJohn Ross (Canadian politician)John Ross was a Canadian lawyer, politician, and businessman.Born in County Antrim, Ireland, he was brought to Canada as an infant. Ross married twice, first to Margaret Crawford who died in 1847, secondly to Augusta Elizabeth Baldwin 4 February 1851, the daughter of Robert Baldwin...
, lawyerLawyerA lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney, counsel or solicitor; a person who is practicing law." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs, maintain the stability of political...
, politicianPoliticianA politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...
, and businessman. (b. 18181818 in Canada-Events:* April 1 - An expedition sails for the North Pole.* August 28 - The Governor dies of hydrophobia.-Full date unknown:* Halifax and St. John's are made free ports.* 49th parallel becomes British North America/U.S...
) - February 20 - Paul KanePaul KanePaul Kane was an Irish-born Canadian painter, famous for his paintings of First Nations peoples in the Canadian West and other Native Americans in the Oregon Country....
, artist (b.18101810 in Canada-Events:* January - A Governor declares that, in case of hostilities, a force of regulars, adequate for the defence of Canada, will cooperate with the Militia....
) - March 11 - John HeckmanJohn HeckmanJohn Heckman was a political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Lunenburg County from 1818 to 1826 and Lunengburg township from 1826 to 1847 in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly....
, political figure (b.17851785 in Canada-Events:* Introduction of Power loom in England for weaving cloth* North West Company Strengthened far west trade through such forts as Athabasca and English River.* May 18: The city of Saint John, New Brunswick is incorporated....
) - July 28 - Modeste DemersModeste DemersModeste Demers was a Roman Catholic Bishop and missionary in the Oregon Country. A native of Quebec, he traveled overland to the Pacific Northwest and preached in the Willamette Valley and later in what would become British Columbia.-Early life:...
, missionary (b.18091809 in Canada-Events:* On August 17, the foundation of Nelson's Column, Montreal is laid* November 3: John Molson's steamboat, Accommodation, starts for Quebec City. It is overall, has a engine, and makes the distance in 36 hours, but stops at night and reaches Quebec on November 6...
) - September 23 - Louis-Joseph PapineauLouis-Joseph PapineauLouis-Joseph Papineau , born in Montreal, Quebec, was a politician, lawyer, and the landlord of the seigneurie de la Petite-Nation. He was the leader of the reformist Patriote movement before the Lower Canada Rebellion of 1837–1838. His father was Joseph Papineau, also a famous politician in Quebec...
, lawyer, politician and reformist (b.17861786 in Canada-Events:*New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland allowed to import goods from the United States.*Gerassin Pribilof discovers the rookeries on the islands now known as the Pribilofs.*John Molson founds his first brewery in Montreal.-Births:...
) - November 18 - Enos CollinsEnos CollinsEnos Collins was a merchant, shipowner, banker and privateer from Nova Scotia, Canada. Upon his death he was acclaimed as the richest man in Canada. He was born to a merchant family in Liverpool, Nova Scotia...
, seaman, merchant, financier, and legislator (b.17741774 in Canada-Events:* September 4 - Delegates from twelve colonies discuss measures for common safety, at Philadelphia. Canada and Georgia are not represented, though invited...
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