Viceregal consort of Canada
Encyclopedia
Governor General of Canada
The Governor General of Canada is the federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II...
, assisting the viceroy
Viceroy
A viceroy is a royal official who runs a country, colony, or province in the name of and as representative of the monarch. The term derives from the Latin prefix vice-, meaning "in the place of" and the French word roi, meaning king. A viceroy's province or larger territory is called a viceroyalty...
with ceremonial and charitable work, accompanying him or her to official state occasions, and occasionally undertaking philanthropic work of their own. As the hostess of the royal and viceroyal residence in Ottawa
Ottawa
Ottawa is the capital of Canada, the second largest city in the Province of Ontario, and the fourth largest city in the country. The city is located on the south bank of the Ottawa River in the eastern portion of Southern Ontario...
, the consort, if female, is also known as the Chatelaine
Chatelaine
Châtelaine has the following meanings:*Châtelaine, a woman who owns or controls a large house ....
of Rideau Hall
Rideau Hall
Rideau Hall is, since 1867, the official residence in Ottawa of both the Canadian monarch and the Governor General of Canada. It stands in Canada's capital on a 0.36 km2 estate at 1 Sussex Drive, with the main building consisting of 170 rooms across 9,500 m2 , and 24 outbuildings around the...
. This individual, who ranks third in the Canadian order of precedence
Canadian order of precedence
The Canadian order of precedence is a nominal and symbolic hierarchy of important positions within the Government of Canada. It has no legal standing but is used to dictate ceremonial protocol....
, after the Canadian monarch and the governor general, is addressed as His or Her Excellency
Excellency
Excellency is an honorific style given to certain members of an organization or state.Usually, people styled "Excellency" are heads of state, heads of government, governors, ambassadors, certain ecclesiastics, royalty, aristocracy, and military, and others holding equivalent rank .It is...
while their spouse is in office, and is made ex officio a Companion of the Order of Canada
Order of Canada
The Order of Canada is a Canadian national order, admission into which is, within the system of orders, decorations, and medals of Canada, the second highest honour for merit...
and a Knight or Dame of Justice of the Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem
Venerable Order of Saint John
The Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem , is a royal order of chivalry established in 1831 and found today throughout the Commonwealth of Nations, Hong Kong, Ireland and the United States of America, with the world-wide mission "to prevent and relieve sickness and...
.
Only once has the title of Chatelaine of Rideau Hall been held by someone who was not the spouse of the governor general as Vincent Massey
Vincent Massey
Charles Vincent Massey was a Canadian lawyer and diplomat who served as Governor General of Canada, the 18th since Canadian Confederation....
was a widower, his daughter-in-law, Lilias Massey
Lilias Massey
Lilias Massey served as Chatelaine of Rideau Hall during her father-in-law Vincent Massey's term as Governor General of Canada.Vincent Massey was a widower whose wife Alice died 18 months before his appointment as Governor General...
, held the title and performed the official duties of the Chatelaine. Unlike a viceregal consort, however, Lilias Massey was not addressed as Her Excellency.
Role
The position of the viceregal consort carries no official duties and receives no salary. However, consorts have held and do hold a prominent and visible position in the Canadian affairs of state, taking part in official occasions, such as the Speech From the ThroneSpeech from the Throne
A speech from the throne is an event in certain monarchies in which the reigning sovereign reads a prepared speech to a complete session of parliament, outlining the government's agenda for the coming session...
and Order of Canada
Order of Canada
The Order of Canada is a Canadian national order, admission into which is, within the system of orders, decorations, and medals of Canada, the second highest honour for merit...
investitures, and national celebrations, such as Canada Day
Canada Day
Canada Day , formerly Dominion Day , is the national day of Canada, a federal statutory holiday celebrating the anniversary of the July 1, 1867, enactment of the British North America Act , which united three British colonies into a single country, called Canada, within the British Empire...
events on Parliament Hill
Parliament Hill
Parliament Hill , colloquially known as The Hill, is an area of Crown land on the southern banks of the Ottawa River in downtown Ottawa, Ontario. Its Gothic revival suite of buildingsthe parliament buildings serves as the home of the Parliament of Canada and contains a number of architectural...
, as well as both welcoming foreign dignitaries to Canada and accompanying the governor general on state visit
State visit
A state visit is a formal visit by a foreign head of state to another nation, at the invitation of that nation's head of state. State visits are the highest form of diplomatic contact between two nations, and are marked by ceremonial pomp and diplomatic protocol. In parliamentary democracies, heads...
s abroad. These practices evolved from the original role as the hostess of the royal and viceroyal residences in Ottawa
Ottawa
Ottawa is the capital of Canada, the second largest city in the Province of Ontario, and the fourth largest city in the country. The city is located on the south bank of the Ottawa River in the eastern portion of Southern Ontario...
(Rideau Hall
Rideau Hall
Rideau Hall is, since 1867, the official residence in Ottawa of both the Canadian monarch and the Governor General of Canada. It stands in Canada's capital on a 0.36 km2 estate at 1 Sussex Drive, with the main building consisting of 170 rooms across 9,500 m2 , and 24 outbuildings around the...
) and Quebec City
Quebec City
Quebec , also Québec, Quebec City or Québec City is the capital of the Canadian province of Quebec and is located within the Capitale-Nationale region. It is the second most populous city in Quebec after Montreal, which is about to the southwest...
(La Citadelle
Citadelle of Quebec
The Citadelle — the French name is used both in English and French — is a military installation and official residence located atop Cap Diamant, adjoining the Plains of Abraham in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada...
), a tradition maintained only by female viceregal consorts, who oversee the planning of ceremonies and functions of state that take place at either of the official residences.
Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone
Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone was a member of the British Royal Family. She was the longest-lived Princess of the Blood Royal of the British Royal Family and the last surviving grandchild of Queen Victoria...
, whose husband served as governor general during the Second World War
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, volunteered her time to the war effort in Canada, especially women's organisations such as the Royal Canadian Air Force Women's Division
Royal Canadian Air Force Women's Division
The Royal Canadian Air Force Women's Division was an element of the Royal Canadian Air Force which was active during the Second World War....
. The activities chosen are typically apolitical and non-divisive. However, some consorts have stirred controversy through their work; Jean-Daniel Lafond
Jean-Daniel Lafond
Jean-Daniel Lafond CC is a French-born Canadian filmmaker, and the husband to the former Governor General Michaëlle Jean, making him the Viceregal Consort of Canada during her service.-Biography:...
, who promoted Canadian art film in particular and involved himself in the Francophone
Francophone
The adjective francophone means French-speaking, typically as primary language, whether referring to individuals, groups, or places. Often, the word is used as a noun to describe a natively French-speaking person....
community, made a documentary
American Fugitive: The Truth About Hassan
American Fugitive: The Truth About Hassan is a film, directed by Jean-Daniel Lafond, about an exiled American political activist named Dawud Salahuddin...
while viceregal consort that attracted criticism from the National Post
National Post
The National Post is a Canadian English-language national newspaper based in Don Mills, a district of Toronto. The paper is owned by Postmedia Network Inc. and is published Mondays through Saturdays...
that Lafond had shown strong anti-Americanism
Anti-Americanism
The term Anti-Americanism, or Anti-American Sentiment, refers to broad opposition or hostility to the people, policies, culture or government of the United States...
and had been sympathetic to an admitted assassin.
Viceregal consorts of New France, 1627–1760
| # | Name | Dates | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hélène de Champlain (born Boullé) | 1627–1635 | Samuel de Champlain Samuel de Champlain Samuel de Champlain , "The Father of New France", was a French navigator, cartographer, draughtsman, soldier, explorer, geographer, ethnologist, diplomat, and chronicler. He founded New France and Quebec City on July 3, 1608.... |
| None | 1635–1648 | Charles de Montmagny Charles de Montmagny Charles Jacques Huault de Montmagny was governor of New France from 1636 to 1648. He succeeded Champlain, who was Lieutenant General of New France, although treated de facto as if he were governor... |
|
| 2 | Marie-Barbe d'Ailleboust (née de Boullongne) | 1648–1651 | Louis d'Ailleboust de Coulonge Louis d'Ailleboust de Coulonge Louis d'Ailleboust de Coulonge was the French governor of New France from 1648 to 1651 and acting governor from 1657 to 1658.- Biography :... |
| None | 1651–1657 | Jean de Lauson | |
| None | 1658–1661 | Le vicompte de Mouzay Pierre de Voyer d'Argenson, Vicomte de Mouzay Pierre de Voyer d'Argenson, Vicomte de Mouzay was the French governor of New France from 1658 to 1661. He was a son of the diplomat René de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson.-External links:*... |
|
| None | 1661–1663 | Le baron d'Avaugour Pierre Dubois Davaugour Baron Pierre Dubois Davaugour was the French governor of New France from 1661 to 1663. He was related to the old family who were counts and dukes of Penthièvre.- External links :** - Catholic Encyclopedia article... |
|
| None | 1663–1665 | Augustin de Saffray de Mésy Augustin de Saffray de Mésy Augustin de Saffray de Mésy was the first Governor General of New France in 1663 after Louis XIV took over the administration of New France from the Compagnie des Cent-Associés.- References :**... |
|
| None | 1665–1672 | Daniel de Rémy de Courcelle Daniel de Rémy de Courcelle Daniel de Rémy de Courcelle, Sieur de Montigny, de La Fresnaye et de Courcelle was the governor general of New France from 1665 to 1672.... |
|
| 3 | La comptesse de Frontenac et de Palluau (née Anne de la Grange-Trianon) | 1672–1682 | Le comte de Frontenac et de Palluau Louis de Buade de Frontenac Louis de Buade, Comte de Frontenac et de Palluau was a French soldier, courtier, and Governor General of New France from 1672 to 1682 and from 1689 to his death in 1698... |
| 4 | Marie Mandat | 1682–1685 | Joseph-Antoine de La Barre Joseph-Antoine de La Barre Joseph-Antoine le Fèbvre de LaBarre was the Governor of New France from 1682 to 1685. He had previously been Governor of Auvergne and of the French Antilles .... |
| 5 | La marquise de Denonville (née Catherine Courtin) | 1685–1689 | Le marquis de Denonville Jacques-René de Brisay de Denonville, Marquis de Denonville Jacques-Rene de Brisay de Denonville, Marquis de Denonville was Governor General of New France from 1685 to 1689 and was a key figure in the Beaver Wars.... |
| None | 1689–1698 | Le comte de Frontenac et de Palluau | |
| None | 1698–1703 | Louis-Hector de Callière Louis-Hector de Callière Louis-Hector de Callière or Callières was a French politician, who was the governor of Montreal , and the governor of New France from 1698 to 1703. He played an important role in defining the strategy that New France followed during the Queen Anne's War.De Callière was born in Thorigny-sur-Vire,... |
|
| 6 | La marquise de Vaudreuil (née Louise-Élisabeth de Joybert) | 1703–1725 | Le marquis de Vaudreuil Philippe de Rigaud Vaudreuil Philippe de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil was a French politician, who was Governor-general of New France from 1703 to 1725.... |
| 7 | La marquise de Beauharnois (née Renée Pays) | 1725–1747 | Le marquis de Beauharnois Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois was a French Naval officer who served as Governor of New France from 1726 to 1746.Charles had two brothers who also impacted the history of New France... |
| 8 | La marquise de La Galissonnière (née Marie-Catherine-Antoinette de Lauson) | 1747–1749 | Le marquis de La Galissonnière Roland-Michel Barrin de La Galissonière Roland-Michel Barrin de La Galissonière, Marquis de La Galissonière, sometimes spelled Galissonnière, was the French governor of New France from 1747 to 1749 and the victor in the Battle of Minorca in 1756.- New France :... |
| 9 | La marquise de la Jonquière (née Marie-Angélique de La Valette) | 1749–1752 | Le marquis de la Jonquière Jacques-Pierre de Taffanel de la Jonquière, Marquis de la Jonquière Jacques-Pierre de Taffanel de la Jonquière was a French admiral and Governor General of New France from March 1, 1746 until his death in 1752.De la Jonquière was born near Albi... |
| None | 1752–1755 | Le marquis du Quesne | |
| None | 1755–1760 | Le marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal Pierre François de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal Pierre François de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal was a Canadian-born French colonial governor in North America... |
Viceregal consorts of British North America, 1760–1867
| # | Name | Dates | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | Lady Jane Amherst (née Dalison) | 1760–1763 | Sir Jeffrey Amherst Jeffrey Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst Field Marshal Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst KCB served as an officer in the British Army and as Commander-in-Chief of the Forces.Amherst is best known as one of the victors of the French and Indian War, when he conquered Louisbourg, Quebec City and... |
| 11 | Cordelia Murray (née Collier) | 1764–1768 | James Murray |
| 12 | Lady Maria Carleton (née Howard) | 1768–1778 | Sir Guy Carleton Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester, KB , known between 1776 and 1786 as Sir Guy Carleton, was an Irish-British soldier and administrator... |
| None | 1778–1786 | Sir Frederick Haldimand Frederick Haldimand Sir Frederick Haldimand, KB was a military officer best known for his service in the British Army in North America during the Seven Years' War and the American Revolutionary War... |
|
| 12 | The Lady Dorchester (previously Lady Maria Carleton) | 1786–1796 | The Lord Dorchester Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester, KB , known between 1776 and 1786 as Sir Guy Carleton, was an Irish-British soldier and administrator... |
| 13 | Unknown | 1796–1799 | Robert Prescott Robert Prescott General Robert Prescott was a British soldier and colonial administrator. He enlisted in the British Army in 1745 and served during the Seven Years' War... |
| 14 | Lady Charlotte Frances Milnes (née Bentinck) | 1799–1805 | Sir Robert Shore Milnes |
| 15 | Lady Henriette Dunn (née Guichaud) | 1805–1807 | Sir Thomas Dunn |
| None | 1807–1811 | Sir James Henry Craig James Henry Craig General Sir James Henry Craig KB was a British military officer and colonial administrator.-Early life and military service:... |
|
| 16 | Lady Catherine Anne Prévost (née Phipps) | 1811–1815 | Sir George Prévost George Prevost Sir George Prévost, 1st Baronet was a British soldier and colonial administrator. Born in Hackensack, New Jersey, the eldest son of Swiss French Augustine Prévost, he joined the British Army as a youth and became a captain in 1784. Prévost served in the West Indies during the French Revolutionary... |
| 17 | Lady Margaret Drummond Margaret Drummond Margaret Drummond may refer to:* Margaret Drummond , queen of King David II of Scotland* Margaret Drummond , mistress of James IV of Scotland... (née Russell) |
1815–1816 | Sir Gordon Drummond Gordon Drummond Sir Gordon Drummond, GCB was the first Canadian-born officer to command the military and the civil government of Canada... |
| 18 | Lady Katherine Sherbrooke (née Pyndar) | 1816–1818 | Sir John Coape Sherbrooke John Coape Sherbrooke Sir John Coape Sherbrooke was a British soldier and colonial administrator. After serving in the British army in Nova Scotia, the Netherlands, India, the Mediterranean , and Spain, he was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia in 1811.His active defense of the colony during the War of 1812... |
| 19 | The Duchess of Richmond (née Charlotte Gordon) | 1818–1820 | The Duke of Richmond Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond, 4th Duke of Lennox KG, PC was a British soldier and politician and Governor General of British North America.-Background:... |
| 20 | The Countess of Dalhousie (née Christina Broun) | 1820–1828 | The Earl of Dalhousie George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie General George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie GCB , styled Lord Ramsay until 1787, was a Scottish soldier and colonial administrator... |
| None | 1828–1830 | Sir James Kempt James Kempt General Sir James Kempt, GCB was a British Army officer, who served in Holland, Egypt, Italy, the Peninsula, and British North America during the Napoleonic Wars... |
|
| 21 | The Lady Aylmer (née Louisa Anne Call) | 1830–1835 | The Lord Aylmer Matthew Whitworth-Aylmer, 5th Baron Aylmer Matthew Whitworth-Aylmer, 5th Baron Aylmer was a British military officer and colonial administrator.- Napoleonic Wars :... |
| 22 | The Countess of Gosford (née Mary Sparrow) | 1835–1837 | The Earl of Gosford Archibald Acheson, 2nd Earl of Gosford Archibald Acheson, 2nd Earl of Gosford GCB , styled The Honourable Archibald Acheson from 1790 to 1806 and Lord Acheson from 1806 to 1807, was a British politician who served as Lieutenant-Governor of Lower Canada and Governor General of British North America in the 19th century.-Background:Born at... |
| 23 | Lady Elizabeth Seaton (née Yonge) | 1837–1838 | Sir John Colborne John Colborne, 1st Baron Seaton Field Marshal John Colborne, 1st Baron Seaton, GCB, GCMG, GCH, PC was a British field marshal and colonial governor.-Early service:... |
| 24 | The Countess of Durham (née Lady Louisa Elizabeth Grey) | 1838–1839 | The Earl of Durham John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham John George Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham GCB, PC , also known as "Radical Jack" and commonly referred to in history texts simply as Lord Durham, was a British Whig statesman, colonial administrator, Governor General and high commissioner of British North America... |
| None | 1839–1941 | The Lord Sydenham Charles Poulett Thomson, 1st Baron Sydenham Charles Poulett Thomson, 1st Baron Sydenham PC was a British politician and the first Governor of the united Province of Canada.-Background:... |
|
| 25 | Mary Charlotte Anne Bagot (née Wellesley-Pole) | 1842–1843 | Sir Charles Bagot Charles Bagot Sir Charles Bagot, GCB was an English diplomat and colonial administrator who served as Governor General of the Province of Canada 1841-1843).... |
| None | 1843–1845 | Sir Charles Metcalfe Charles Metcalfe, 1st Baron Metcalfe Charles Theophilus Metcalfe, 1st Baron Metcalfe, Bt, KCB, PC , known as Sir Charles Metcalfe, Bt between 1822 and 1845, was a British colonial administrator... |
|
| 26 | The Countess Cathcart (née Henrietta Mather) | 1846–1847 | The Earl Cathcart Charles Cathcart, 2nd Earl Cathcart Charles Murray Cathcart, 2nd Earl Cathcart GCB was a British Army general who became Governor General of the Province of Canada and Lieutenant Governor of Canada West .-Life:Cathcart, eldest surviving son of William Schaw Cathcart, 1st Earl Cathcart, was born at... |
| 27 | The Countess of Elgin and Kincardine (née Lady Mary Lambton) | 1847–1854 | The Earl of Elgin and Kincardine James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin Sir James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin and 12th Earl of Kincardine, KT, GCB, PC , was a British colonial administrator and diplomat... |
| 28 | Lady Anna Maria Head (née Yorke) | 1854–1861 | Sir Edmund Walker Head |
| 29 | The Viscountess Monck (née Lady Elizabeth Louise Mary Monck) | 1861–1867 | The Viscount Monck |
Viceregal consorts of Canada, 1867–present
| # | Name | Dates | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29 | The Viscountess Monck (née Lady Elizabeth Louise Mary Monck) | 1867–1869 | The Viscount Monck |
| 30 | The Lady Lisgar (née Adelaide Annabella Tuite Dalton) | 1869–1872 | The Lord Lisgar John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar, Bt, GCB, GCMG, PC was the second Governor General of Canada, in office from 1869 to 1872.-Biography:... |
| 31 | The Marchioness of Dufferin and Ava Hariot Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, Marchioness of Dufferin and Ava Hariot Georgina Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, Marchioness of Dufferin and Ava VA CI DBE was a British peeress, known for her success in the role of "diplomatic wife", and for leading an initiative to improve medical care for women in British India.-Biography:Born Hariot Georgina Rowan-Hamilton, she... (née Hariot Georgina Rowan-Hamilton) |
1872–1878 | The Marquess of Dufferin and Ava Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava, KP, GCB, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE, PC was a British public servant and prominent member of Victorian society... |
| 32 | The Princess Louise, Marchioness of Lorne Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll The Princess Louise was a member of the British Royal Family, the sixth child and fourth daughter of Queen Victoria and her husband, Albert, Prince Consort.Louise's early life was spent moving between the various royal residences in the... |
1878–1883 | The Marquess of Lorne John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll John George Edward Henry Douglas Sutherland Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll KG, KT, GCMG, GCVO, VD, PC , usually better known by the courtesy title Marquess of Lorne, by which he was known between 1847 and 1900, was a British nobleman and was the fourth Governor General of Canada from 1878 to 1883... |
| 33 | The Marchioness of Lansdowne Maud Petty-FitzMaurice, Marchioness of Lansdowne Maud Evelyn Petty-Fitzmaurice, Marchioness of Lansdowne, GBE, CH, VA, CI , née Lady Maud Evelyn Hamilton, was a British courtier. She vice-regal spouce of Canada while her husband was Governor General of Canada from 1883-1888... (née Lady Maud Evelyn Hamilton) |
1883–1888 | The Marquess of Lansdowne Henry Petty-FitzMaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne Henry Charles Keith Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne, KG, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE, PC was a British politician and Irish peer who served successively as the fifth Governor General of Canada, Viceroy of India, Secretary of State for War, and Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs... |
| 34 | The Countess of Derby (née Lady Constance Villiers) | 1888–1893 | The Earl of Derby Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby Frederick Arthur Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby KG, GCB, GCVO, PC , known as Frederick Stanley until 1886 and as Lord Stanley of Preston between 1886 and 1893, was a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom who served as Colonial Secretary from 1885 to 1886 and the sixth Governor General... |
| 35 | The Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair Ishbel Maria Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair, GBE was a Scottish author, philanthropist and an advocate of woman's interests.-Family:... (née Ishbel Maria Marjoribanks) |
1893–1898 | The Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair John Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair John Campbell Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair, KT, GCMG, GCVO, PC , known as The Earl of Aberdeen from 1870 to 1916, was a Scottish politician... |
| 36 | The Countess of Minto (née Lady Mary Caroline Grey) | 1898–1904 | The Earl of Minto Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto Gilbert John Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto was a British nobleman and politician who served as Governor General of Canada, the eighth since Canadian Confederation, and as Viceroy and Governor-General of India, the country's 17th.-Early life and career:Minto was born in London, the... |
| 37 | The Countess Grey (née Alice Holford) | 1904–1911 | The Earl Grey Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey Albert Henry George Grey, 4th Earl Grey was a British nobleman and politician who served as Governor General of Canada, the ninth since Canadian Confederation.... |
| 38 | The Duchess of Connaught (née Princess Luise Margarete of Prussia) | 1911–1916 | Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn was a member of the shared British and Saxe-Coburg and Gotha royal family who served as the Governor General of Canada, the 10th since Canadian Confederation.Born the seventh child and third son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and... |
| 39 | The Duchess of Devonshire Evelyn Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire Evelyn Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire was born Lady Evelyn Emily Mary FitzMaurice, the daughter of the 5th Marquess of Lansdowne and his wife, Maud.... (née Lady Evelyn Emily Mary FitzMaurice) |
1916–1921 | The Duke of Devonshire Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire Victor Christian William Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire , known as Victor Cavendish until 1908, was a British politician who served as Governor General of Canada, the 11th since Canadian Confederation.... |
| 40 | The Lady Byng of Vimy (née Marie Evelyn Moreton) | 1921–1926 | The Lord Byng of Vimy Julian Byng, 1st Viscount Byng of Vimy Field Marshal Julian Hedworth George Byng, 1st Viscount Byng of Vimy was a British Army officer who served as Governor General of Canada, the 12th since Canadian Confederation.... |
| 41 | The Marchioness of Willingdon Marie Freeman-Thomas, Marchioness of Willingdon Marie Freeman-Thomas, Marchioness of Willingdon, GBE CI was born as Marie Adelaide Brassey, a daughter of Thomas Brassey, 1st Earl Brassey.... (née Lady Marie Adelaide Brassey) |
1926–1931 | The Marquess of Willingdon Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon Major Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon was a British Liberal politician and administrator who served as Governor General of Canada, the 13th since Canadian Confederation, and as Viceroy and Governor-General of India, the country's 22nd.Freeman-Thomas was born in England and... |
| 42 | The Countess of Bessborough Roberte Ponsonby, Countess of Bessborough Roberte de Neuflize Ponsonby, Countess of Bessborough, GCSt.J, JP , was the daughter of the Parisian Baron Jean de Neuflize, CVO.-Marriage:On 25 June 1912, she married Vere Ponsonby, Viscount Duncannon Roberte de Neuflize Ponsonby, Countess of Bessborough, GCSt.J, JP (18921979), was the daughter of... (née Roberte de Neuflize) |
1931–1935 | The Earl of Bessborough Vere Ponsonby, 9th Earl of Bessborough Captain Vere Brabazon Ponsonby, 9th Earl of Bessborough was a British businessman and politician who served as Governor General of Canada, the 14th since Canadian Confederation.... |
| 43 | The Lady Tweedsmuir (née Susan Charlotte Grosvenor) | 1935–1940 | The Lord Tweedsmuir John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir was a Scottish novelist, historian and Unionist politician who served as Governor General of Canada, the 15th since Canadian Confederation.... |
| 44 | Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone was a member of the British Royal Family. She was the longest-lived Princess of the Blood Royal of the British Royal Family and the last surviving grandchild of Queen Victoria... (née Princess Alice of Albany) |
1940–1946 | The Earl of Athlone Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone Major-General Alexander Augustus Frederick William Alfred George Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone , was a close relative of the shared British and Canadian royal family, as well as a British military commander and major-general who served as Governor-General of the Union of South Africa, the... |
| 45 | The Viscountess Alexander of Tunis Margaret Alexander, Countess Alexander of Tunis Margaret Alexander, Countess Alexander of Tunis GBE, DStJ , born Lady Margaret Bingham, was a daughter of George Bingham, Lord Bingham . On 14 October 1931, she married Hon. Harold Alexander and they had four children.... (née Lady Margaret Bingham) |
1946–1952 | The Viscount Alexander of Tunis Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis Field Marshal Harold Rupert Leofric George Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis was a British military commander and field marshal of Anglo-Irish descent who served with distinction in both world wars and, afterwards, as Governor General of Canada, the 17th since Canadian... |
| None | 1952–1959 | Vincent Massey Vincent Massey Charles Vincent Massey was a Canadian lawyer and diplomat who served as Governor General of Canada, the 18th since Canadian Confederation.... |
|
| 46 | Pauline Vanier Pauline Vanier The Honourable Pauline Vanier, PC, CC, DStJ , born Pauline Archer in Montreal, married Georges Vanier on September 29, 1921. Georges would become one of Canada's first professional diplomats, Canada's first ambassador to France and Canada's first Canadian-born French-speaking Governor General of... (née Archer) |
1959–1967 | Georges Vanier Georges Vanier Major-General Georges-Philéas Vanier was a Canadian soldier and diplomat who served as Governor General of Canada, the 19th since Canadian Confederation.... |
| 47 | Norah Michener Norah Michener Norah Willis Michener was the wife of Roland Michener, the 20th Governor General of Canada. As the spouse of a Governor General, she held the title of Chatelaine of Rideau Hall.... |
1967–1974 | Roland Michener Roland Michener Daniel Roland Michener , commonly known as Roland Michener, was a Canadian lawyer, politician, and diplomat who served as Governor General of Canada, the 20th since Canadian Confederation.... |
| 48 | Gabrielle Léger Gabrielle Léger Gabrielle Léger, CC was the wife of the 21st Governor General of Canada Jules Léger and was the Viceregal consort of Canada.... (née Carmel) |
1974–1979 | Jules Léger Jules Léger Jules Léger was a Canadian diplomat and statesman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 21st since Canadian Confederation.... |
| 49 | Lily Schreyer Lily Schreyer Lily Schreyer, CC is a former Viceregal consort of Canada, as the wife of former Manitoba premier and Governor General Edward Schreyer. They married June 30, 1960 and had two daughters, Lisa and Karmel, and two sons, Jason and Tobin. She has been involved with Girl Guides of Canada, UNICEF and... (née Schulz) |
1979–1984 | Edward Schreyer Edward Schreyer Edward Richard Schreyer , commonly known as Ed Schreyer, is a Canadian politician, diplomat, and statesman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 22nd since Canadian Confederation.... |
| 50 | Maurice Sauvé Maurice Sauvé The Honourable Maurice Sauvé, PC, CC was a Canadian economist, politician, cabinet minister, businessman, and husband of Jeanne Sauvé, 23rd Governor General of Canada.... |
1984–1990 | Jeanne Sauvé Jeanne Sauvé Jeanne Mathilde Sauvé was a Canadian journalist, politician, and stateswoman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 23rd since Canadian Confederation.... |
| 51 | Karen Gerda Nygaard Hnatyshyn Gerda Hnatyshyn Karen Gerda Hnatyshyn, CC was the wife of Ray Hnatyshyn, Governor General of Canada from 1990 to 1995, and served as viceregal consort during Ray Hnatyshyn's term of office.... (née Andreasen) |
1990–1995 | Ramon John Hnatyshyn |
| 52 | Diana Fowler LeBlanc Diana Fowler LeBlanc Diana Fowler LeBlanc, CC is the widow of former Governor General of Canada, Roméo LeBlanc, during whose term she was a Viceregal consort.... |
1995–1999 | Roméo LeBlanc Roméo LeBlanc Roméo-Adrien LeBlanc was a Canadian journalist, politician, and statesman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 25th since Canadian Confederation.... |
| 53 | John Ralston Saul John Ralston Saul John Ralston Saul, CC is a Canadian author, essayist, and President of International PEN.As an essayist, Saul is particularly known for his commentaries on the nature of individualism, citizenship and the public good; the failures of manager-, or more precisely technocrat-, led societies; the... |
1999–2005 | Adrienne Clarkson Adrienne Clarkson Adrienne Louise Clarkson is a Canadian journalist and stateswoman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 26th since Canadian Confederation.... |
| 54 | Jean-Daniel Lafond Jean-Daniel Lafond Jean-Daniel Lafond CC is a French-born Canadian filmmaker, and the husband to the former Governor General Michaëlle Jean, making him the Viceregal Consort of Canada during her service.-Biography:... |
2005–2010 | Michaëlle Jean Michaëlle Jean Michaëlle Jean is a Canadian journalist and stateswoman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 27th since Canadian Confederation, from 2005 to 2010.... |
| 55 | Sharon Johnston Sharon Johnston Sharon Johnston CC, PhD is the spouse of David Lloyd Johnston, the 28th Governor General of Canada. A native of Sault Ste Marie, she has degrees in physiotherapy and rehabilitation medicine from the University of Toronto, the University of Western Ontario and McGill University.The Johnstons... |
2010- | David Lloyd Johnston David Lloyd Johnston David Lloyd Johnston is a Canadian academic, author and statesman who is the current Governor General of Canada, the 28th since Canadian Confederation.... |
Canadian institutions established by Vice-regal Consorts
- Ottawa Maternity Hospital The Marchioness of AberdeenIshbel Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and TemairIshbel Maria Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair, GBE was a Scottish author, philanthropist and an advocate of woman's interests.-Family:...
- Victorian Order of NursesVictorian Order of NursesThe Victorian Order of Nurses is a non-profit charitable organization founded in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada on January 29, 1897 created as a gift for Queen Victoria for the purposes of home care and social services. It is registered as a charity the Canada Revenue Agency, charity number...
The Marchioness of Aberdeen - Lady Minto HospitalLady Minto HospitalLady Minto Hospital is an acute care facility in Cochrane, Ontario and part of the MIC's Group of Health Services in Northern Ontario.Founded in 1911, the hospital building was built in 1915 and opened in 1916. The hospital is named for Mary Caroline Grey, wife of Lord Minto Lady Minto Hospital is...
The Countess of Minto