Valery Gavrilin
Encyclopedia
Valery Aleksandrovich Gavrilin was Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...

n composer
Composer
A composer is a person who creates music, either by musical notation or oral tradition, for interpretation and performance, or through direct manipulation of sonic material through electronic media...

, Honoured Artist of Russia
Meritorious Artist
Meritorious Artist , also translated as Merited Artist, Deserved Artist or Distinguished Artist or Honorary Artist or Honorable Actor) is an honorary title in the Soviet Union, Russian Federation, Union republics, and Autonomous republics, also in some other Eastern bloc states, as well as in a...

, People's Artist of the USSR
People's Artist of the USSR
People's Artist of the USSR, also sometimes translated as National Artist of the USSR, was an honorary title granted to citizens of the Soviet Union.- Nomenclature and significance :...

 and a recipient of the USSR State Prize
USSR State Prize
The USSR State Prize was the Soviet Union's state honour. It was established on September 9, 1966. After the breakup of the Soviet Union, the prize was followed up by the State Prize of the Russian Federation....

.

Biography

Valery Gavrilin was born in 1939 in Vologda
Vologda
Vologda is a city and the administrative, cultural, and scientific center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the Vologda River. The city is a major transport knot of the Northwest of Russia. Vologda is among the Russian cities possessing an especially valuable historical heritage...

. His father died when he was 3, as a volunteer in the vicinity of the city during the Siege of Leningrad
Siege of Leningrad
The Siege of Leningrad, also known as the Leningrad Blockade was a prolonged military operation resulting from the failure of the German Army Group North to capture Leningrad, now known as Saint Petersburg, in the Eastern Front theatre of World War II. It started on 8 September 1941, when the last...

. When he was 10 his mother was imprisoned and Gavrilin was sent to an orphanage in the village of Kovyrino near Vologda. At the age of 11 he entered a school of music where I.M. Belozemtsev, a teacher at Leningrad Conservatory
Saint Petersburg Conservatory
The N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov Saint Petersburg State Conservatory is a music school in Saint Petersburg. In 2004, the conservatory had around 275 faculty members and 1,400 students.-History:...

, happened to hear him and from the age of 12 to 16 Gavrilin went to the children's school in Leningrad at studied clarinet, piano and composition. In 1964 he graduated from the Conservatory with two specialities at the same time; composition (under professor Orest Evlakhov) and musicology (under professor F.A. Rubtsov), and shortly thereafter published the vocal cycle that would make his name, the Russian Notebook. He continued at the Conservatory as a teacher.

In television and film he cooperated frequently with director Aleksandr Arkadevich Belinskiy.

Valery Gavrilin died in St. Petersburg in 1999 at the age of 59 following two severe heart attacks.

The 70th Anniversary of Gavrilin's birth was marked by a Gavrilin Festival in October 2009, including concerts in memory of Valeri Gavrilin in Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea...

, Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...

, Vologda
Vologda
Vologda is a city and the administrative, cultural, and scientific center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the Vologda River. The city is a major transport knot of the Northwest of Russia. Vologda is among the Russian cities possessing an especially valuable historical heritage...

, and Cherepovec, by ensembles including the Tchaikovsky Symphony Orchestra conducted by Vladimir Fedoseyev
Vladimir Fedoseyev
Vladimir Ivanovich Fedoseyev is a Russian conductor.Fedoseyev graduated from the Gnessin State Musical College 1957, and Moscow Conservatory 1972. From 1974 artistic director and chief conductor of the Tchaikovsky Symphony Orchestra of Moscow Radio 1974-1999. He has also served as principal...

.

Musical style

The art of Gavrilin is one of the most vivid and striking features of contemporary Russian culture. After having composed "The Russian Music Book" he entered into music of the 1960s in the period of the so-called "neo-folklore wave" which was a kind of parallel to the art of such Russian "country-writers" in the genre prose as Vasili Belov, Viktor Astafiyev
Viktor Astafiyev
Viktor Petrovich Astafyev also spelled Astafiev or Astaf'ev , was a Soviet and Russian writer of short stories and novels.-Biography:...

, and Vasily Shukshin
Vasily Shukshin
Vasily Makarovich Shukshin was a notable Soviet/Russian actor, writer, screenwriter and movie director from the Altay region who specialized in rural themes. Upon his death, Shukshin was interred at Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.-Biography:...

. The truthful picture of the contemporary life of people, their mood, expectation, hopes and sorrows is presented in Gavrilin's music.

Both the esthetics and the style in Gavrilin's art are the vivid example of the neo-romantic. First of all it can be seen in the composer's inclination towards the genre of song mostly favored by romantics, in the ethical and fine development of song forms. To reveal the tragic content the composer uses the developed and symphonized song form which is sometimes close in the manner of intonation to "crying" and "lamentations". They are traditional genres of a Russian village song.

In Gavrilin's instrumental music an appreciable place is given to a programme miniature, to character and genre pieces forming his suites, orchestra suits and variety entertainments. Having been staged in the Naples
Naples
Naples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...

 theatre "San-Carlo"
Teatro di San Carlo
The Real Teatro di San Carlo is an opera house in Naples, Italy. It is the oldest continuously active such venue in Europe.Founded by the Bourbon Charles VII of Naples of the Spanish branch of the dynasty, the theatre was inaugurated on 4 November 1737 — the king's name day — with a performance...

 and in the Bolshoy
Bolshoi Theatre
The Bolshoi Theatre is a historic theatre in Moscow, Russia, designed by architect Joseph Bové, which holds performances of ballet and opera. The Bolshoi Ballet and Bolshoi Opera are amongst the oldest and most renowned ballet and opera companies in the world...

 in Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...

 by V.Vasiliev
Vladimir Vasiliev (ballet dancer)
Vladimir Viktorovich Vasiliev , a Russian ballet dancer, was principal dancer with the Bolshoi Ballet, and was best known for his role of Spartacus and his powerful leaps and turns.-Biography:Born in Moscow in 1940, the son of a truck driver, Vasiliev graduated from the Moscow Ballet School in 1958...

, Gavrilin's ballet Anuta became widely known.

Being vocal by nature, Gavrilin's talent has its own unique intonation. Just like his beloved romantics he worships melody. The soul of his music is in a fresh primordial melodiousness. Its pure national character is also expressed in the composer's inclination to the "natural" and "native" harmonies.

Works

Ballets
  • Anyuta (i.e. "Annie"), ballet in 2 acts, libretto by film director Aleksandr Belinskiy after Anton Chekhov
    Anton Chekhov
    Anton Pavlovich Chekhov was a Russian physician, dramatist and author who is considered to be among the greatest writers of short stories in history. His career as a dramatist produced four classics and his best short stories are held in high esteem by writers and critics...

     (Анюта 1982)
  • House on the road, ballet in 1 act, libretto by Aleksandr Belinskiy after the poem by Tvardovsky
    Aleksandr Tvardovsky
    Aleksandr Trifonovich Tvardovsky was a Soviet poet, chief editor of Novy Mir literary magazine from 1950 to 1954 and 1958 to 1970...

     (Дом у дороги 1984)
  • Lieutenant Romashov. after Aleksandr Kuprin
    Aleksandr Kuprin
    Aleksandr Ivanovich Kuprin , was a Russian writer, pilot, explorer and adventurer who is perhaps best known for his story The Duel . Other well-known works include Moloch , Olesya , Junior Captain Rybnikov , Emerald , and The Garnet Bracelet...

     (1985)
  • Balzamin's Marriage. after Alexander Ostrovsky (Женитьба Бальзаминова 1989)


Opera
  • The sailor and the rowan tree. (Моряк и рябина 1968)
  • Family Album (Семейный альбом 1969)
  • Miracle play of the Three Youths. (Пещное действо 1970) (based on the miracle play of the Fiery furnace
    Fiery furnace
    Fiery furnace may refer to:* The fiery furnace in which Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego were thrown into in Daniel 3* Fiery Furnace , a region of Utah's Arches National Park* The Fiery Furnaces, a rock band...

     story in the Russian Orthodox Church)

Symphonic works
  • The Cockroach, symphonic suite (Тараканище 1963)
  • C-dur Overture for symphony orchestra (1964)
  • Adagio for Strings (1964)
  • Wedding, symphonic suite number 1 (Свадебная 1967)
  • Theatre Divertissment, symphonic suite number 2 (1969)
  • The Russian, symphonic suite number 3 (Русская 1970)
  • The French, symphonic suite number 4 (Французская 1973)
  • Portraits, symphonic suite number 5 (Портреты 1979))
  • The Memory of Batiushkov, waltz for symphony orchestra (Памяти Батюшкова 1981)
  • Anyuta, symphonic suite number 6 (Анюта 1982)
  • House on the Road, symphonic suite number 7 (Дом у дороги 1984)


Chamber-vocal works
  • About Love, cycle for voice and piano to the texts of Vadim Shefner
    Vadim Shefner
    Vadim Sergeevich Shefner Вадим Сергеевич Шефнер was a Soviet and Russian poet and writer who started publishing poetry in 1936. His first poetry collection was published in 1940. He turned to philosophical science fiction in the early 1960s, but continued publishing non-genre fiction and...

     (О любви 1958)
  • Satires, cycle for voice and piano to the texts of Arvīds Grigulis (Сатиры 1959)
  • German Notebook No.1, cycle for voice and piano after Russian translations of Heinrich Heine
    Heinrich Heine
    Christian Johann Heinrich Heine was one of the most significant German poets of the 19th century. He was also a journalist, essayist, and literary critic. He is best known outside Germany for his early lyric poetry, which was set to music in the form of Lieder by composers such as Robert Schumann...

     (1961)
  • Russian Notebook, cycle for voice and piano to folk texts (1964, Glinka State Prize of the RSFSR
    Glinka State Prize of the RSFSR
    The Glinka State Prize of the RSFSR was a prize awarded to musicians of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1965-1990....

     in 1965)
  • The Seasons. cycle for voice and piano. "Winter" "Spring" "Summer" to folk texts and "Autumn" to the poem of Sergei Yesenin
    Sergei Yesenin
    Sergei Alexandrovich Yesenin was a Russian lyrical poet. He was one of the most popular and well-known Russian poets of the 20th century but committed suicide at the age of 30...

     (Времена года 1969)
  • The Drunken Week, cycle for voice and piano to words of the people. (Пьяная неделя 1970?)
  • German Notebook No.2, cycle for voice and piano after Heinrich Heine
    Heinrich Heine
    Christian Johann Heinrich Heine was one of the most significant German poets of the 19th century. He was also a journalist, essayist, and literary critic. He is best known outside Germany for his early lyric poetry, which was set to music in the form of Lieder by composers such as Robert Schumann...

     (Немецкая тетрадь № 2 1972)
  • Evening, cycle for 2 voices and piano. Part 1 "little album", lyrics: folk, Albina Shulgina and Gavrilin (Вечерок 1 «Альбомчик» 1973). Part 2 "Dances, writing, conclusion", the words of Semen Nadson
    Semen Nadson
    Semyon Yakovlevich Nadson was a Russian poet.Nadson's grandfather was a Jew who converted to the Greek Orthodox religion, his father was an official in St. Petersburg...

    , Ivan Bunin, Anna Akhmatova
    Anna Akhmatova
    Anna Andreyevna Gorenko , better known by the pen name Anna Akhmatova , was a Russian and Soviet modernist poet, one of the most acclaimed writers in the Russian canon.Harrington p11...

    , Albina Shulgina and Gavrilin (Вечерок 2 «Танцы, письма, окончание» 1975)
  • German book number 3, cycle for a quartet of voices and piano after Heinrich Heine
    Heinrich Heine
    Christian Johann Heinrich Heine was one of the most significant German poets of the 19th century. He was also a journalist, essayist, and literary critic. He is best known outside Germany for his early lyric poetry, which was set to music in the form of Lieder by composers such as Robert Schumann...

     (1976) unfinished.
  • Marina, on the words of Marina Tsvetaeva
    Marina Tsvetaeva
    Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva was a Russian and Soviet poet. Her work is considered among some of the greatest in twentieth century Russian literature. She lived through and wrote of the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Moscow famine that followed it. In an attempt to save her daughter Irina from...

     (Марина 1967)
  • Three Songs of Ophelia. Shakespeare as translated by Boris Pasternak
    Boris Pasternak
    Boris Leonidovich Pasternak was a Russian language poet, novelist, and literary translator. In his native Russia, Pasternak's anthology My Sister Life, is one of the most influential collections ever published in the Russian language...

     (1971) for a production of Hamlet
    Hamlet
    The Tragical History of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, or more simply Hamlet, is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1599 and 1601...

     at the Young People's Theatre of Leningrad directed by Zinovy Korogodsky.
  • "The city sleeps". Text by Albina Shulgina (Город спит 1978)
  • "Forgive me". Text by Alexander Volodin (Простите меня)
  • Poem number 426 for the soloist, instrumental ensemble, computer 328-RS and tape.


The vocal-symphonic works
  • Buffoons, Action for the soloist, male chorus, ballet and orchestra. Words by Vadim Korostilev. (Скоморохи 1967)
  • Military letters, vocal-symphonic poem for soloists, children's and mixed choirs and symphony orchestra. Words by Albina Shulgina (Военные письма 1972)
  • Earth, vocal-symphonic cycle for the free composition of the choir, soloist and symphony orchestra. Words by Albina Shulgina (Земля 1974)
  • A toast "The Apotheosis", cantata for mixed chorus and orchestra, words by Vladimir Maksimov
    Vladimir Maksimov
    Vladimir Salmanovich Maksimov is a former Soviet/Russian handball player. After his retirement as an active field player, he was chosen as a coach for the national team, with which he won all three major titles in handball...

    ) (Здравица «Апофеоз» 1977)
  • Spell, cantata for female choir and orchestra. Words by Albina Shulgina (Заклинание 1977)
  • Wedding, Action for soloist, mixed chorus, ballet and symphony orchestra. Texts: folk, A. Shulgina and V. Gavrilin. (Свадьба 1978-1982)
  • Perezvony (After reading Vasily Shukshin
    Vasily Shukshin
    Vasily Makarovich Shukshin was a notable Soviet/Russian actor, writer, screenwriter and movie director from the Altay region who specialized in rural themes. Upon his death, Shukshin was interred at Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow.-Biography:...

    ), a choral symphony of-action for soloists, mixed chorus, oboe, percussion and narrator. Texts: folk, A. Shulgina and V. Gavrilin. (1978–1982) (Перезвоны 1982)
  • Shepherd and Shepherdess, acted for soloists, large chorus, a mixed instrumental ensemble. After Viktor Astafyev (Пастух и пастушка 1983) - unfinished.


Choral Works (a capella)
  • People of the world (on words of Sergei Vasiliev) (Люди мира на слова С. Васильева 1962)
  • We talked about art, cantata for mixed chorus a cappella in their own words (Мы говорили об искусстве 1963)
  • In Memoriam of the Fallen, a choral cycle (Памяти павших 1963)
  • Don captain. concert rondo for mixed chorus, words of R. Barannikova (Дон капитан 1969)
  • Pripevki, for mixed chorus, folk lyrics (Припевки 1972)


Instrumental chamber works
  • Three string quartets (1960, 1962, 1964)
  • Adagio in polyphonic style (1964)
  • A Poem for violin and piano (1963)
  • Sonata for violin and piano (1964)
  • Sonata for piano (1964)
  • Compositions for piano 2-hands (three books)
  • "Sketches" (cycle of the 18 pieces of software) for piano 4 hands («Зарисовки» 1970s)


Music for Theatre,:
  • How Kopaci got married. Musical comedy in 1 Act of the play by L Tabi. (Так женился Копачи - пьесе Л.Таби).

36 suites of Incidental Theatre music:
"How Kopachi got married Kopaci" «Так женился Копачи»,
"marching march", «Походный марш»
"Armored Train 14-69" «Бронепоезд 14-69»
"After the execution request" «После казни прошу»
"After 100 years in the Birch grove" «Через 100 лет в Березовой роще»
"Two winters and three summers," «Две зимы и три лета»
"Crime and Punishment " «Преступлени и наказание»
"Not to part with his beloved" «С любимыми не расставайтесь»
"Steps of the Commander" «Шаги командора»
"His people - numbered" «Свои люди — сочтемся»
"Above the bright water" «Над светлой водой»
"Three sacks of wheat" «Три мешка сорной пшеницы»
"Prunus" «Черемуха»
and others (1959–1977)

Film music
  • 1966 - On the wild shore (На диком береге director Anatoli Granik)
  • 1968 - Source (Источник director Anatoli Granik)
  • 1968 - On the wedding day (В день свадьбы director Vadim Mikhailov)
  • 1970 - Vasily Merkur'ev (Василий Меркурьев Telefilm, dir. Bychkov)
  • 1969 - Anna's Happiness (Счастье Анны dir. Yuri Rogov)
  • 1971 - The month of August (Месяц август dir. Vadim Mikhailov)
  • 1972 - Theatrical History (Театральные истории dir. Aleksandr Belinskiy)
  • 1979 - The Knight of Knyazh (Рыцарь из Княж-города dir. Vadim Mikhailov)
  • 1980 - Pier (Пристань dir. V. Sorokin)
  • 1981 - A Village History (Деревенская история dir. Vitali Kanevsky
    Vitali Kanevsky
    Vitali Kanevsky is a Soviet film director and screenwriter. His film Zamri, umri, voskresni! won the Caméra d'Or at the 1990 Cannes Film Festival. Two years later, his film Samostoyatelnaya zhizn would win the Jury Prize at the 1992 Cannes Film Festival...

    )
  • 1982 - Anyuta(Анюта dir. Alexander Belinsky, choreographer Vladimir Viktorovich Vasiliev)
  • 1986 - Hurt (Обида prod. Arkady Sirenko)
  • 1987 - Funny story (Байка dir. Georgi Burkov
    Georgi Burkov
    Georgi Ivanovich Burkov was a Soviet film actor. He appeared in 70 films between 1967 and 1988. He died on July 19, 1990 at the age of 57 due to thrombosis.-Selected filmography:Actor* Liberation * Stariki-razboyniki...

    , Herman Lavrov)
  • 1989 - Balzamin's Marriage (Женитьба Бальзаминова dir. Aleksandr Belinskiy)
  • 1993 - Provincial benefice (Провинциальный бенефис dir. Aleksandr Belinskiy)

Selected Recordings

Discography
  • A House on the Road. With Sviridov, Oratorio Pathetique. Vladimir Fedoseyev
    Vladimir Fedoseyev
    Vladimir Ivanovich Fedoseyev is a Russian conductor.Fedoseyev graduated from the Gnessin State Musical College 1957, and Moscow Conservatory 1972. From 1974 artistic director and chief conductor of the Tchaikovsky Symphony Orchestra of Moscow Radio 1974-1999. He has also served as principal...

    . reissued Relief.
  • Songs of Valery Gavrilin: The Russian Notebook. Ophelia’s Songs. The Seasons. Mila Shkirtil (mezzo-soprano). Yuri Serov (piano). Northern Flowers, NF/PMA 9955
  • Gavrilin First German Notebook. Sergei Leiferkus
    Sergei Leiferkus
    Sergei Leiferkus is an operatic baritone from Russia, known for his dramatic technique and powerful voice particularly in Russian and Italian language repertoire. He is most notable for his roles as Scarpia in Tosca, Iago in Otello, Grand-prétre de Dagon in Samson et Dalila and Simon Boccanegra...

     (baritone). Irina Golovnyova (piano). Recorded in 1981. Sound-producer Gerhard Tses. Released with recordings of songs by Vladimir Shcherbachov
    Vladimir Shcherbachov
    Vladimir Vladimirovich Shcherbachov was a Russian composer of the Soviet era.He studied with Maximilian Steinberg, Anatoly Lyadov, and Jasep Vitols at the St. Petersburg Conservatory from 1908 to 1914. While there he also worked as a pianist for Sergey Diaghilev and taught theory...

    , Veniamin Basner
    Veniamin Basner
    Veniamin Efimovich Basner was a Russian composer, born at Yaroslavl on 1 January 1925, who died in St Petersburg on 3 September 1996. He was recognized by the Soviet Union as a People's Artist of Russia and a State prize-winner. An asteroid called 4267 Basner, discovered in 1971, was named in his...

    , Yuri Falik. Compozitor, St. Petersburg.
  • Gavrilin Sketches (18 pieces) for piano 4 hands. Riga Piano duo Nora Novik & Raffi Kharajanyan. Compozitor, St. Petersburg,2000.


Video
  • Anyuta. Ekaterina Maximova
    Ekaterina Maximova
    Ekaterina Sergeevna Maximova was a Soviet and Russian ballerina of international renown.-Career:Maximova was born in Moscow, Soviet Union. An artist who combined great technical prowess with piquant prettiness, Maximova enjoyed her greatest successes in Giselle, Don Quixote, Cinderella and The...

     and Vladimir Vasiliev
    Vladimir Vasiliev (ballet dancer)
    Vladimir Viktorovich Vasiliev , a Russian ballet dancer, was principal dancer with the Bolshoi Ballet, and was best known for his role of Spartacus and his powerful leaps and turns.-Biography:Born in Moscow in 1940, the son of a truck driver, Vasiliev graduated from the Moscow Ballet School in 1958...

     with the Bolshoi Ballet
    Bolshoi Ballet
    The Bolshoi Ballet is an internationally renowned classical ballet company, based at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow, Russia. Founded in 1776, the Bolshoi is among the world's oldest ballet companies, however it only achieved worldwide acclaim by the early 20th century, when Moscow became the...

     1982. DVD VAI 2007

External links

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