Toyota UR engine
Encyclopedia
The Toyota UR engine family is a 32-valve
quad-camshaft V8 piston engine series which was first introduced in 2006 as the UZ
series it replaced began phasing out. Production started with the 1UR-FSE engine with D4-S direct injection
for the 2007 Lexus LS
. The series launched with a die-cast
aluminum block, aluminum heads
, and magnesium
cylinder
covers. All UR engines feature variable valve timing
for both intake and exhaust cam
s or Dual VVT-i. Timing chains are used to drive the camshafts rather than the less reliable belts of the UZ family. The UR engine has been produced in 4.6, 5.0, and 5.7 liter displacement
versions.
The 1UR-FSE V8 engine, introduced with the Lexus LS 460 & LS 460 L luxury sedans in 2006 has a 4.6 liter (4608cc) displacement, which it gets from a 94 mm bore and 83 mm stroke The engine includes D4-S direct injection and dual VVT-iE producing 385 hp at 6,400 rpm and 51 kgm at 4,100 rpm.
1UR-FSE undergoes X-ray
inspection and a CT (computed tomography
) scan to ensure minimal deformation after the die-casting process. Camshafts are hollow to minimize weight.
Applications:
technology. Originally used for Lexuses in the Middle East, it was introduced in 2010 in other markets to replace the 2UZ-FE engine in truck and SUV applications. This engine produces 347 hp at 6,400 rpm and 46.9 kgm at 4,100 rpm. Due to this power deficit compared to the 1UR-FSE the Middle East market LS 460 (equipped with the 1UR-FE) is 0.6 second slower than the 1UR-FSE equipped variant in 0-100 km/h acceleration, at 6.3 s.
Applications:
The 2UR-GSE is a 5.0 liter (4969 cc) engine and powers the Lexus IS-F. It has D4-S gasoline direct injection, Dual VVT-i, and VVT-iE on the intake cam. Bore of 94 mm and stroke of 89.5 mm, it will produce 423 PS at 6,600 rpm and 51.5 kgm at 5,200 rpm.
Applications:
The 2UR-FSE is a 5.0 liter (4969 cc) engine and powers the Lexus LS600h. It has D4-S gasoline direct injection, Dual VVT-i, and VVT-iE on the intake cam. It has the same bore and stroke as the 2UR-GSE, but produces 394 hp at 6,400 rpm and 53 kgm at 4,000 rpm. The electric motors (Lexus Hybrid Drive
) in the system add extra power into the drivetrain, allowing the combination to deliver 327 kW in total.
The engine's cylinder heads are made from a magnesium alloy
, while like other UR blocks it is die-cast
to save weight.
Applications:
exhaust manifold
incorporating a 3-way catalytic converter
is used. This engine is cast at Toyota's Bodine Aluminum and currently assembled at Toyota Motor Manufacturing Alabama
. Over 1.3 million kilometers of durability testing have gone into the engine. E85
ethanol capability will be optional for the 2009 model year. The engine's service weight is 222 kg.
Available bolt-on Toyota Racing Development
Eaton's Twin Vortices Series Roots-type supercharger kit for the Tundra and Sequoia bumps power to 504 hp and 550 ft-lbf of torque. Being from TRD, supercharger can be installed by dealers and will be covered under warranty.
Applications:
version of the 3UR-FE engine.
Applications:
http://www.toyota.co.jp/en/tech/environment/powertrain/engine/engine2.html
List of Toyota transmissions
Multi-valve
In automotive engineering a multi-valve or multivalve engine is one where each cylinder has more than two valves. A multi-valve engine has better breathing and can operate at higher revolutions per minute than a two-valve engine, delivering more power.- Multi-valve rationale :A multi-valve design...
quad-camshaft V8 piston engine series which was first introduced in 2006 as the UZ
Toyota UZ engine
The Toyota UZ engine family is a 32-valve quad-camshaft V8 piston engine series used in Toyota's luxury offerings and sport utility vehicles. Three basic versions have been produced, the 1UZ-FE, 2UZ-FE, and 3UZ-FE...
series it replaced began phasing out. Production started with the 1UR-FSE engine with D4-S direct injection
Gasoline direct injection
In internal combustion engines, gasoline direct injection , also known as petrol direct injection or direct petrol injection, is a variant of fuel injection employed in modern two-stroke and four-stroke gasoline engines...
for the 2007 Lexus LS
Lexus LS
The Lexus LS is a full-size luxury sedan that serves as the flagship model of Lexus, the luxury division of Toyota. Four generations of the sedan have been produced, all equipped with V8 engines and rear-wheel drive, although since 2006 all-wheel drive, hybrid, and long-wheelbase variants have also...
. The series launched with a die-cast
Die casting
Die casting is a metal casting process that is characterized by forcing molten metal under high pressure into a mold cavity. The mold cavity is created using two hardened tool steel dies which have been machined into shape and work similarly to an injection mold during the process...
aluminum block, aluminum heads
Cylinder head
In an internal combustion engine, the cylinder head sits above the cylinders on top of the cylinder block. It closes in the top of the cylinder, forming the combustion chamber. This joint is sealed by a head gasket...
, and magnesium
Magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and common oxidation number +2. It is an alkaline earth metal and the eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust and ninth in the known universe as a whole...
cylinder
Cylinder (engine)
A cylinder is the central working part of a reciprocating engine or pump, the space in which a piston travels. Multiple cylinders are commonly arranged side by side in a bank, or engine block, which is typically cast from aluminum or cast iron before receiving precision machine work...
covers. All UR engines feature variable valve timing
Variable valve timing
In internal combustion engines, variable valve timing , also known as Variable valve actuation , is a generalized term used to describe any mechanism or method that can alter the shape or timing of a valve lift event within an internal combustion engine...
for both intake and exhaust cam
Camshaft
A camshaft is a shaft to which a cam is fastened or of which a cam forms an integral part.-History:An early cam was built into Hellenistic water-driven automata from the 3rd century BC. The camshaft was later described in Iraq by Al-Jazari in 1206. He employed it as part of his automata,...
s or Dual VVT-i. Timing chains are used to drive the camshafts rather than the less reliable belts of the UZ family. The UR engine has been produced in 4.6, 5.0, and 5.7 liter displacement
Engine displacement
Engine displacement is the volume swept by all the pistons inside the cylinders of an internal combustion engine in a single movement from top dead centre to bottom dead centre . It is commonly specified in cubic centimeters , litres , or cubic inches...
versions.
1UR-FSE
1UR-FSE undergoes X-ray
X-ray
X-radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation. X-rays have a wavelength in the range of 0.01 to 10 nanometers, corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 petahertz to 30 exahertz and energies in the range 120 eV to 120 keV. They are shorter in wavelength than UV rays and longer than gamma...
inspection and a CT (computed tomography
Computed tomography
X-ray computed tomography or Computer tomography , is a medical imaging method employing tomography created by computer processing...
) scan to ensure minimal deformation after the die-casting process. Camshafts are hollow to minimize weight.
Applications:
- 2007 Lexus LS 460 & LS 460 L
- 2008 Lexus GS 460
- 2009 Toyota Crown Majesta
1UR-FE
The 1UR-FE is based on the 1UR-FSE but lacks the D4-S direct injectionGasoline direct injection
In internal combustion engines, gasoline direct injection , also known as petrol direct injection or direct petrol injection, is a variant of fuel injection employed in modern two-stroke and four-stroke gasoline engines...
technology. Originally used for Lexuses in the Middle East, it was introduced in 2010 in other markets to replace the 2UZ-FE engine in truck and SUV applications. This engine produces 347 hp at 6,400 rpm and 46.9 kgm at 4,100 rpm. Due to this power deficit compared to the 1UR-FSE the Middle East market LS 460 (equipped with the 1UR-FE) is 0.6 second slower than the 1UR-FSE equipped variant in 0-100 km/h acceleration, at 6.3 s.
Applications:
- 2007 Lexus LS 460 & LS 460 L (Middle East)
- 2008 Lexus GS 460 (Middle East)
- 2010 Lexus GX 460Lexus GXThe Lexus GX is a mid-size sport utility vehicle sold in North American and Eurasian markets by Lexus. The first generation GX 470 was introduced at the North American International Auto Show in 2002 as a 2003 model, and subsequently became the third SUV to enter Lexus' lineup. The 4.7 L V8...
- 2010 Toyota TundraToyota TundraThe Toyota Tundra is a full-size pickup truck introduced by Toyota in the year 2000. It was widely considered to be the first full-size import-brand truck built with an American look and feel and a refined V8 engine. The Tundra was eventually nominated for the North American Truck of the Year...
- 2010 Toyota SequoiaToyota SequoiaThe Toyota Sequoia is a full-size SUV produced by Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indiana in Princeton, Indiana. It is derived from the Toyota Tundra pickup truck but differs in its use of an independent rear suspension. It is priced between the mid-size 4Runner and Toyota's flagship Land Cruiser...
2UR-GSE
Applications:
- 2008 Lexus IS-F
2UR-FSE
Hybrid Synergy Drive
Hybrid Synergy Drive is a set of hybrid car technologies developed by Toyota and used in the company's Auris, Prius, Highlander Hybrid, Camry Hybrid, Estima, Alphard, Lexus CT, Lexus RX 400h/RX 450h, Lexus GS 450h, Lexus LS 600h/LS 600hL, and Lexus HS 250h automobiles. Toyota also licenses its HSD...
) in the system add extra power into the drivetrain, allowing the combination to deliver 327 kW in total.
The engine's cylinder heads are made from a magnesium alloy
Magnesium alloy
Magnesium alloys are mixtures of magnesium with other metals , often aluminium, zinc, manganese, silicon, copper, rare earths and zirconium. Magnesium is the lightest structural metal. Magnesium alloys have a hexagonal lattice structure, which affects the fundamental properties of these alloys...
, while like other UR blocks it is die-cast
Die casting
Die casting is a metal casting process that is characterized by forcing molten metal under high pressure into a mold cavity. The mold cavity is created using two hardened tool steel dies which have been machined into shape and work similarly to an injection mold during the process...
to save weight.
Applications:
- 2008 Lexus LS 600h & LS 600h L
3UR-FE
The 3UR-FE is a 5.7-liter (5663 cc) engine designed for use in Toyota Tundra/Sequoia and Lexus LX570 Trucks, and as a result, the D-4S gasoline direct injection will not be included, but Dual VVT-i is included. Bore of 94 mm and stroke of 102 mm, it produces 381 hp (283 kW) at 5,600 rpm and 401 ft·lbf (543 N·m) of torque at 3,600 rpm. A stainless steelStainless steel
In metallurgy, stainless steel, also known as inox steel or inox from French "inoxydable", is defined as a steel alloy with a minimum of 10.5 or 11% chromium content by mass....
exhaust manifold
Manifold
In mathematics , a manifold is a topological space that on a small enough scale resembles the Euclidean space of a specific dimension, called the dimension of the manifold....
incorporating a 3-way catalytic converter
Catalytic converter
A catalytic converter is a device used to convert toxic exhaust emissions from an internal combustion engine into non-toxic substances. Inside a catalytic converter, a catalyst stimulates a chemical reaction in which noxious byproducts of combustion are converted to less toxic substances by dint...
is used. This engine is cast at Toyota's Bodine Aluminum and currently assembled at Toyota Motor Manufacturing Alabama
Toyota Motor Manufacturing Alabama
Toyota Motor Manufacturing, Alabama, Inc. is a truck engine factory near Huntsville, Alabama, United States. It is owned and operated by Toyota Motor Corporation of Japan...
. Over 1.3 million kilometers of durability testing have gone into the engine. E85
E85
E85 is an abbreviation for an ethanol fuel blend of up to 85% denatured ethanol fuel and gasoline or other hydrocarbon by volume. E85 is commonly used by flex-fuel vehicles in the US, Canada, and Europe. Some of the benefits of E85 over conventional gasoline powered vehicles include the potential...
ethanol capability will be optional for the 2009 model year. The engine's service weight is 222 kg.
Available bolt-on Toyota Racing Development
Toyota Racing Development
Toyota Racing Development or TRD is the in-house tuning shop for all Toyota, Lexus, and Scion cars. TRD is responsible both for improving street cars for more performance and supporting Toyota's racing interests around the world. TRD produces various tuning products and accessories, including...
Eaton's Twin Vortices Series Roots-type supercharger kit for the Tundra and Sequoia bumps power to 504 hp and 550 ft-lbf of torque. Being from TRD, supercharger can be installed by dealers and will be covered under warranty.
Applications:
- 2007 Toyota Tundra
- 2008 Toyota Sequoia
- 2008 Toyota Land Cruiser 200 Series - US market only
- 2008 Lexus LX 570
3UR-FBE
An E85 EthanolE85
E85 is an abbreviation for an ethanol fuel blend of up to 85% denatured ethanol fuel and gasoline or other hydrocarbon by volume. E85 is commonly used by flex-fuel vehicles in the US, Canada, and Europe. Some of the benefits of E85 over conventional gasoline powered vehicles include the potential...
version of the 3UR-FE engine.
Applications:
- 2009 Toyota Tundra
- 2009 Toyota Sequoia
Footnotes
http://www.toyota.co.jp/en/tech/environment/powertrain/engine/engine2.html
See also
List of Toyota enginesList of Toyota transmissions