Theatro da paz
Encyclopedia
The Theatro Nossa Senhora da Paz theater, or simply Theatro da Paz (Peace Theater), is located in the city of Belém
, in the state of Pará
, in Brazil
.
Theatro da Paz was built following neoclassical architectural
lines, within the golden age of rubber
in Amazon Basin
. It is considered the most important culture house in northern Brazil
. Its name has been suggested by bishop D. Macedo Costa, who also launched the fundamental stone of its construction, on March 3, 1869.
Along the years, Theatro da Paz has suffered minor alterations in its façade, namely the reduction of the number of columns over the main entrance. Its architectural lines remain unaltered, though.
Theatro da Paz was planned by engineer
José Libúrcio Pereira Magalhães, with some alterations added by the Public Constructions office. Construction ended in 1874, but the theater was only opened to the public after an administrative investigation against its builders took place.
The premiere feature an A. D’annery drama called The Two Orphans
, having taken place on February 16, 1878 and organized by Vicent Pontes de Oliveira theater company, which deal with Theatro da Paz lasted for five years and made him responsible also for the stage lights, decoration, choreography
and props
, as well as for the organisation within this period.
Theatro da Paz, as in Leandro Tocantins, "is the definitely neoclassical". On each side, there are patios surrounded by columns and staircases giving access to Praça da República (Republic Square). Straw seats in the shape of a horseshoe. In the lobby, there are two carrara-marmor busts: José de Alencar
e Gonçalves Dias, who introduced the indianismo in Brazil
. In the noble hall, next to a giant-sized crystal mirror, remain the busts of maestros Carlos Gomes and Henrique Gurjão.
In Theatro da Paz, Carlos Gomes ran his most famous opera, O Guarani
, and Russia
n ballerina
Ana Pavlova also touched its stage with her ballet shoes. Decoration was planned by Italian
Domenico de Angelis who also decorated Teatro Amazonas in Manaus
. He also painted the theater's panel in its spectacle room's roof, which depicted Greek gods, as well as the Jover roof, which was lost due to an infiltration and later restored in 1960 by another Italian artist, Armando Baloni.
In 1904, during Augusto Montenegro's government, four busts representing music
, poetry
, comedy
and tragedy
were included in Theatro da Paz decoration. During the golden age of rubber, world's most famous lyrical companies featured their presentations in the theater, but after the rubber era, it has been neglected and suffered from bad maintenance.
After Armando Baloni's painting, in 1960, Pará state governon then, Aurélio do Carmo, kept the restoration until 1965, under Jarbas Passarinho's administration, Theatro da Paz was finally fully recovered and reopened to the public. The writing "Theatro", in archaic Portuguese, has been kept. Theatro da Paz underwent another major reformation in the 90s, under governor Almir Gabriel, when its original colors were painted back. It was also during his administration that modern Opera Festivals begun to take place, with free or low-cost renditions of operas like Il Barbieri di Seviglia or O Guarani
.
When declared by Brazil's Institute for Protection of Historical and Architectural Patrimony, its president chose Theatro da Paz as one of the "14 most beautiful jewels of Brazilian patrimony".
Belém
Belém is a Brazilian city, the capital and largest city of state of Pará, in the country's north region. It is the entrance gate to the Amazon with a busy port, airport and bus/coach station...
, in the state of Pará
Pará
Pará is a state in the north of Brazil. It borders the Brazilian states of Amapá, Maranhão, Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Amazonas and Roraima. To the northwest it also borders Guyana and Suriname, and to the northeast it borders the Atlantic Ocean. The capital is Belém.Pará is the most populous state...
, in Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
.
Theatro da Paz was built following neoclassical architectural
Neoclassicism
Neoclassicism is the name given to Western movements in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that draw inspiration from the "classical" art and culture of Ancient Greece or Ancient Rome...
lines, within the golden age of rubber
Rubber
Natural rubber, also called India rubber or caoutchouc, is an elastomer that was originally derived from latex, a milky colloid produced by some plants. The plants would be ‘tapped’, that is, an incision made into the bark of the tree and the sticky, milk colored latex sap collected and refined...
in Amazon Basin
Amazon Basin
The Amazon Basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries that drains an area of about , or roughly 40 percent of South America. The basin is located in the countries of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, and Venezuela...
. It is considered the most important culture house in northern Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
. Its name has been suggested by bishop D. Macedo Costa, who also launched the fundamental stone of its construction, on March 3, 1869.
Along the years, Theatro da Paz has suffered minor alterations in its façade, namely the reduction of the number of columns over the main entrance. Its architectural lines remain unaltered, though.
Theatro da Paz was planned by engineer
Engineering
Engineering is the discipline, art, skill and profession of acquiring and applying scientific, mathematical, economic, social, and practical knowledge, in order to design and build structures, machines, devices, systems, materials and processes that safely realize improvements to the lives of...
José Libúrcio Pereira Magalhães, with some alterations added by the Public Constructions office. Construction ended in 1874, but the theater was only opened to the public after an administrative investigation against its builders took place.
The premiere feature an A. D’annery drama called The Two Orphans
The Two Orphans
The Two Orphans may refer to:* The Two Orphans , 1911 film* The Two Orphans , lost 1915 film starring Theda Bara* The Two Orphans , 1947 Italian film directed by Mario Mattoli...
, having taken place on February 16, 1878 and organized by Vicent Pontes de Oliveira theater company, which deal with Theatro da Paz lasted for five years and made him responsible also for the stage lights, decoration, choreography
Choreography
Choreography is the art of designing sequences of movements in which motion, form, or both are specified. Choreography may also refer to the design itself, which is sometimes expressed by means of dance notation. The word choreography literally means "dance-writing" from the Greek words "χορεία" ...
and props
Theatrical property
A theatrical property, commonly referred to as a prop, is an object used on stage by actors to further the plot or story line of a theatrical production. Smaller props are referred to as "hand props". Larger props may also be set decoration, such as a chair or table. The difference between a set...
, as well as for the organisation within this period.
Theatro da Paz, as in Leandro Tocantins, "is the definitely neoclassical". On each side, there are patios surrounded by columns and staircases giving access to Praça da República (Republic Square). Straw seats in the shape of a horseshoe. In the lobby, there are two carrara-marmor busts: José de Alencar
José de Alencar
José Martiniano de Alencar was a Brazilian lawyer, politician, orator, novelist and dramatist. He is one of the most famous writers of the first generation of Brazilian Romanticism, writing historical, regionalist and Indianist romances — being the most famous The Guarani...
e Gonçalves Dias, who introduced the indianismo in Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
. In the noble hall, next to a giant-sized crystal mirror, remain the busts of maestros Carlos Gomes and Henrique Gurjão.
In Theatro da Paz, Carlos Gomes ran his most famous opera, O Guarani
O Guaraní
O Guaraní is a 1926 Brazilian drama film directed by Vittorio Capellaro based on a novel by José de Alencar.The film premiered in Rio de Janeiro on October 18, 1926.-Cast:*Mazza Amanda Mauceri as Ceci*Gilberto Bianchini*Vittorio Capellaro...
, and Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n ballerina
Ballet
Ballet is a type of performance dance, that originated in the Italian Renaissance courts of the 15th century, and which was further developed in France and Russia as a concert dance form. The early portions preceded the invention of the proscenium stage and were presented in large chambers with...
Ana Pavlova also touched its stage with her ballet shoes. Decoration was planned by Italian
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
Domenico de Angelis who also decorated Teatro Amazonas in Manaus
Manaus
Manaus is a city in Brazil, the capital of the state of Amazonas. It is situated at the confluence of the Negro and Solimões rivers. It is the most populous city of Amazonas, according to the statistics of Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, and is a popular ecotourist destination....
. He also painted the theater's panel in its spectacle room's roof, which depicted Greek gods, as well as the Jover roof, which was lost due to an infiltration and later restored in 1960 by another Italian artist, Armando Baloni.
In 1904, during Augusto Montenegro's government, four busts representing music
Music
Music is an art form whose medium is sound and silence. Its common elements are pitch , rhythm , dynamics, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture...
, poetry
Poetry
Poetry is a form of literary art in which language is used for its aesthetic and evocative qualities in addition to, or in lieu of, its apparent meaning...
, comedy
Comedy
Comedy , as a popular meaning, is any humorous discourse or work generally intended to amuse by creating laughter, especially in television, film, and stand-up comedy. This must be carefully distinguished from its academic definition, namely the comic theatre, whose Western origins are found in...
and tragedy
Tragedy
Tragedy is a form of art based on human suffering that offers its audience pleasure. While most cultures have developed forms that provoke this paradoxical response, tragedy refers to a specific tradition of drama that has played a unique and important role historically in the self-definition of...
were included in Theatro da Paz decoration. During the golden age of rubber, world's most famous lyrical companies featured their presentations in the theater, but after the rubber era, it has been neglected and suffered from bad maintenance.
After Armando Baloni's painting, in 1960, Pará state governon then, Aurélio do Carmo, kept the restoration until 1965, under Jarbas Passarinho's administration, Theatro da Paz was finally fully recovered and reopened to the public. The writing "Theatro", in archaic Portuguese, has been kept. Theatro da Paz underwent another major reformation in the 90s, under governor Almir Gabriel, when its original colors were painted back. It was also during his administration that modern Opera Festivals begun to take place, with free or low-cost renditions of operas like Il Barbieri di Seviglia or O Guarani
O Guaraní
O Guaraní is a 1926 Brazilian drama film directed by Vittorio Capellaro based on a novel by José de Alencar.The film premiered in Rio de Janeiro on October 18, 1926.-Cast:*Mazza Amanda Mauceri as Ceci*Gilberto Bianchini*Vittorio Capellaro...
.
When declared by Brazil's Institute for Protection of Historical and Architectural Patrimony, its president chose Theatro da Paz as one of the "14 most beautiful jewels of Brazilian patrimony".