Tetbury
Encyclopedia
Tetbury is a town and civil parish within the Cotswold district
Cotswold (district)
Cotswold is a local government district in Gloucestershire in England. It is named after the wider Cotswolds region. Its main town is Cirencester....

 of Gloucestershire
Gloucestershire
Gloucestershire is a county in South West England. The county comprises part of the Cotswold Hills, part of the flat fertile valley of the River Severn, and the entire Forest of Dean....

, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...

. It lies on the site of an ancient hill fort
Hill fort
A hill fort is a type of earthworks used as a fortified refuge or defended settlement, located to exploit a rise in elevation for defensive advantage. They are typically European and of the Bronze and Iron Ages. Some were used in the post-Roman period...

, on which an Anglo-Saxon
Anglo-Saxons
Anglo-Saxon is a term used by historians to designate the Germanic tribes who invaded and settled the south and east of Great Britain beginning in the early 5th century AD, and the period from their creation of the English nation to the Norman conquest. The Anglo-Saxon Era denotes the period of...

 monastery
Monastery
Monastery denotes the building, or complex of buildings, that houses a room reserved for prayer as well as the domestic quarters and workplace of monastics, whether monks or nuns, and whether living in community or alone .Monasteries may vary greatly in size – a small dwelling accommodating only...

 was founded, probably by Ine of Wessex
Ine of Wessex
Ine was King of Wessex from 688 to 726. He was unable to retain the territorial gains of his predecessor, Cædwalla, who had brought much of southern England under his control and expanded West Saxon territory substantially...

, in 681. The population of the parish was 5,250 in the 2001 census.

In the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...

, Tetbury became an important market for Cotswold
Cotswolds
The Cotswolds are a range of hills in west-central England, sometimes called the Heart of England, an area across and long. The area has been designated as the Cotswold Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty...

 wool
Wool
Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and certain other animals, including cashmere from goats, mohair from goats, qiviut from muskoxen, vicuña, alpaca, camel from animals in the camel family, and angora from rabbits....

 and yarn
Yarn
Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibres, suitable for use in the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery and ropemaking. Thread is a type of yarn intended for sewing by hand or machine. Modern manufactured sewing threads may be finished with wax or...

. At this time the Tetbury Woolsack Races
Tetbury Woolsack Races
The Tetbury Woolsack Races are held on the Whitsun Bank Holiday Monday. Hundreds of people line up along Gumstool Hill in the centre of Tetbury, Gloucestershire to watch the teams. Each competitor must carry a full woolsack on his / her back and race either up, down or up and down the hill...

, in which competitors must carry a 60 pound sack of wool
Wool
Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and certain other animals, including cashmere from goats, mohair from goats, qiviut from muskoxen, vicuña, alpaca, camel from animals in the camel family, and angora from rabbits....

 up a steep hill, were founded and are still contested annually.

Notable buildings in the town include the Market House, built in 1655 and the late-eighteenth century Gothic revival
Gothic Revival architecture
The Gothic Revival is an architectural movement that began in the 1740s in England...

 parish church
Parish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....

 of St Mary the Virgin
St Mary the Virgin
-Churches:* St Mary the Virgin, Aldermanbury* St Mary the Virgin, Blackburn Hamlet* St Mary the Virgin, Brighton* St Mary the Virgin, Barnes* St Mary the Virgin, Bathwick* St Mary the Virgin, Gillingham, Dorset* St Mary the Virgin, Henbury...

 and much of the rest of the town centre, dating from the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The Market House is a fine example of a Cotswold pillared market house and is still in use as a meeting place and market. Other attractions include the Police Bygones Museum. Chavenage House
Chavenage House
Chavenage House is an Elizabethan era manor house situated 2.414 km or 1.5 miles northwest of Tetbury, in the Cotswolds area of Gloucestershire, England.It is constructed of Cotswold stone, with a Cotswold stone tiled roof....

, Highgrove House and Westonbirt Arboretum
Westonbirt Arboretum
Westonbirt, The National Arboretum is managed by the Forestry Commission. Westonbirt Arboretum is located near the historic market town of Tetbury in Gloucestershire, England, and is perhaps the most important and widely known arboretum in the United Kingdom.Planted in the heyday of Victorian plant...

 lie just outside the town.

Events include Woolsack Day, held on the last Bank Holiday in May, famous for the races and street fair. A flower show is held at the recreation ground, with classes ranging from children's "Make your own paper plate gardens" to adults "Best flower" and "Best knitting". The "Tetbury Fiesta" was held on the recreation ground
Recreation Ground
A recreation ground is a type of park.Recreation Ground is the name of the following stadiums in the United Kingdom:*Recreation Ground , the home ground of Aldershot Town F.C., located in Aldershot, England...

 in July 2008, and also the second Fiesta was held the following July, also in the recreation ground.

Tetbury has won five consecutive Gold awards in the Regional "Heart of England in Bloom" competition in 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and was category winner "Best Small Town" in 2008, 2009 and 2010. In 2010 Tetbury was Overall Winner of Heart of England in Bloom and won a Judges Discretionary Award for Community Achievement. Tetbury won Silver Gilt as a first-time entrant in the National Britain in Bloom Campaign in 2009 and has been nominated again for entry into Britain in Bloom in 2011.

The Tetbury town crest features two dolphins, which is curious given that the town is many miles inland.

Geography

Tetbury is situated in a landscape of gently rolling hills primarily used for farmland, including grazing of sheep and grain production. Its location is associated with a nearby major east-west trade or drovers trail, which would account for its early importance as a wool trade centre. Nearby to the west are Owlpen Manor
Owlpen Manor
Owlpen Manor is a Tudor Grade I listed manor house of the Mander family, situated in the village of Owlpen in the Stroud district in Gloucestershire, England. There is an associated estate set in a picturesque valley within the Cotswold Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty...

, Beverston Castle
Beverston Castle
Beverston Castle, also known as Beverstone Castle, was originally constructed as a medieval stone fortress and is situated in the village of Beverston, Gloucestershire, England. The castle was founded in 1229 by Maurice de Gaunt...

  and Calcot Manor
Calcot Manor
Calcot Manor is a historic building 3 miles west of Tetbury, Gloucestershire, England, near the junction of the A46 and A4135 roads . The original building was established in approximately 1300 AD by Henry of Kingswood as a tithe barn annex of Kingswood Abbey. The estate was expanded to include...

. The Tetbury Avon
Tetbury Avon
The Tetbury Avon, also known as the Little Avon or the Ingleburn , is a tributary of the Bristol Avon. It is also referred to as the River Avon . It rises at Tetbury in Gloucestershire in the West Country of England, and flows in a generally south easterly direction, joining the Sherston Avon at...

, a tributary of the Bristol Avon, known locally as the Ingleburn rises to the north of the town.

Nearby places

  • Avening
    Avening
    Avening is a village and civil parish in the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England, about three miles north of Tetbury. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 1,094. The village has two pubs. Nearby is Gatcombe Park, the home of the Princess Royal.-History:During the Second...

     - 3 miles north
  • Shipton Moyne
    Shipton Moyne
    Shipton Moyne is a village in Cotswold , Gloucestershire, England located approximately 105 miles west of London. Its nearest towns are Tetbury , also in Gloucestershire and Malmesbury in Wiltshire...

     - 3 miles south
  • Nailsworth
    Nailsworth
    Nailsworth is a town in Gloucestershire, England, lying in one of the Stroud Valleys in the Cotswolds. It has a population of around 6,600 people and lies on the A46 road....

     - 5 miles northwest
  • Kemble
    Kemble, Gloucestershire
    Kemble is a village in Gloucestershire, England.It lies four miles from Cirencester and is the settlement closest to Thames Head, the source of the River Thames. Kemble Church is part of the Thameshead benefice, comprising the communities of Kemble, Ewen, Poole Keynes, Somerford Keynes, and...

     - 6 miles northeast
  • Aston Down
    Aston Down
    RAF Aston Down is a former Royal Air Force station near Minchinhampton, Gloucestershire, South West England. It was used by the RAF from the First World War until 1967, since when it has been the home of the Cotswold Gliding Club...

     - 6 miles north
  • Malmesbury - 5 miles southeast
  • Stroud
    Stroud, Gloucestershire
    Stroud is a market town and civil parish in the county of Gloucestershire, England. It is the main town in Stroud District.Situated below the western escarpment of the Cotswold Hills at the meeting point of the Five Valleys, the town is noted for its steep streets and cafe culture...

     - 8 miles northwest
  • Cirencester
    Cirencester
    Cirencester is a market town in east Gloucestershire, England, 93 miles west northwest of London. Cirencester lies on the River Churn, a tributary of the River Thames, and is the largest town in the Cotswold District. It is the home of the Royal Agricultural College, the oldest agricultural...

     - 10 miles north-east
  • Chippenham
    Chippenham, Wiltshire
    Chippenham is a market town in Wiltshire, England, located east of Bath and west of London. In the 2001 census the population of the town was recorded as 28,065....

     - 13 miles south
  • Gloucester
    Gloucester
    Gloucester is a city, district and county town of Gloucestershire in the South West region of England. Gloucester lies close to the Welsh border, and on the River Severn, approximately north-east of Bristol, and south-southwest of Birmingham....

     - 15 miles north
  • Swindon
    Swindon
    Swindon is a large town within the borough of Swindon and ceremonial county of Wiltshire, in South West England. It is midway between Bristol, west and Reading, east. London is east...

     - 17 miles southeast
  • Cheltenham
    Cheltenham
    Cheltenham , also known as Cheltenham Spa, is a large spa town and borough in Gloucestershire, on the edge of the Cotswolds in the South-West region of England. It is the home of the flagship race of British steeplechase horse racing, the Gold Cup, the main event of the Cheltenham Festival held...

     - 18 miles north
  • Bristol
    Bristol
    Bristol is a city, unitary authority area and ceremonial county in South West England, with an estimated population of 433,100 for the unitary authority in 2009, and a surrounding Larger Urban Zone with an estimated 1,070,000 residents in 2007...

     - 20 miles southwest
  • Birmingham
    Birmingham
    Birmingham is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands of England. It is the most populous British city outside the capital London, with a population of 1,036,900 , and lies at the heart of the West Midlands conurbation, the second most populous urban area in the United Kingdom with a...

     - 60 miles north
  • London
    London
    London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...

     - 90 miles east

Governance

Most of Tetbury falls in the Tetbury parish, although some of the northern parts of the town are officially in Tetbury Upton
Tetbury Upton
Tetbury Upton is a small village Civil Parish in the Cotswolds area of Gloucestershire. Tetbury Upton is situated on the B4014 road 1.5 miles northh of the town of Tetbury...

.

Tetbury is in the Cotswold district, and amentities are run by Cotswold District Council
Cotswold (district)
Cotswold is a local government district in Gloucestershire in England. It is named after the wider Cotswolds region. Its main town is Cirencester....

. Gloucestershire County Council is also responsible for parts of the town.

Nationally, Tetbury is in the Cotswold constituency
Cotswold (UK Parliament constituency)
The Cotswolds is a county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election.-Boundaries:...

, and has been represented in Parliament by Geoffrey Clifton-Brown (Conservative
Conservative Party (UK)
The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House...

) since 1997. He has a majority of nearly 10,000 over the Liberal Democrats
Liberal Democrats
The Liberal Democrats are a social liberal political party in the United Kingdom which supports constitutional and electoral reform, progressive taxation, wealth taxation, human rights laws, cultural liberalism, banking reform and civil liberties .The party was formed in 1988 by a merger of the...

.

Economy

Tetbury is renowned for its antique shop
Antique shop
An antique shop is a retail store specializing in the selling of antiques. Antiques shops can be located either locally and with the advent of the Internet found online...

s, mostly found on and near Long Street, making it a stop-off for coach tours through the Cotswolds. The town centre also has a number of banks, estate agents, the lifestyle clothing brand Overider and a branch of the auction house Bonhams
Bonhams
Bonhams is a privately owned British auction house founded in 1793. It is the third largest auctioneer after Sotheby's and Christie's, and conducts around 700 auctions per year. It has 700 employees....

.

A Tesco
Tesco
Tesco plc is a global grocery and general merchandise retailer headquartered in Cheshunt, United Kingdom. It is the third-largest retailer in the world measured by revenues and the second-largest measured by profits...

 supermarket was opened a quarter of a mile from the town centre in July 2002. Despite fears that the supermarket would threaten the existence of the town's main shopping streets, the majority of businesses have survived, and there are a number of specialist award-winning shops selling cheese (House of Cheese), breads (Hobbs House) and meats (Jesse Smiths).

The town has pubs and hotels, including The Royal Oak Inn—which was featured in the 1971 film Dulcima
Dulcima
Dulcima is a 1971 British drama film directed by Frank Nesbitt. It was entered into the 21st Berlin International Film Festival.-Cast:* Carol White - Dulcima Gaskain* John Mills - Mr. Parker* Stuart Wilson - Forest Warden* Bernard Lee - Mr. Gaskain...

 and in an episode of BBC1's BonekickersThe Priory Inn, The Crown Inn,The Close Hotel, The Greyhound Inn, The Ormond at Tetbury, and The Snooty Fox. The Trouble House is immediately outside the town. Between 1959 and 1964, the latter was served by Trouble House Halt
Trouble House Halt railway station
Trouble House Halt was a small station on the Tetbury branch line between Kemble and .-History:Diesel railbus services were introduced by British Railways Western Region on the Tetbury branch line on 2 February 1959, and on the same day two halts were opened on that line, at Church's Hill and at...

, the only railway station in England built specifically to serve a pub.

Hospital

Tetbury Hospital is a privately run facility which funds itself from government funding and charitable donations. The hospital, which homes a Minor Injuries Unit
Minor Injuries Unit
A minor injuries unit is a hospital department in the United Kingdom largely staffed by emergency nurse practitioners working autonomously who look after minor injuries such as lacerations and fractures, and have access to X-ray facilities. There is some consultant input in training and supervision...

, has been improved in recent years, although it was recently announced that beds at the site will be cut. The nearest Accident and Emergency Department
Emergency department
An emergency department , also known as accident & emergency , emergency room , emergency ward , or casualty department is a medical treatment facility specialising in acute care of patients who present without prior appointment, either by their own means or by ambulance...

 is in Cirencester
Cirencester
Cirencester is a market town in east Gloucestershire, England, 93 miles west northwest of London. Cirencester lies on the River Churn, a tributary of the River Thames, and is the largest town in the Cotswold District. It is the home of the Royal Agricultural College, the oldest agricultural...

.

Education

The town has two schools, St Mary's Primary School and Sir William Romney's School
Sir William Romney's School, Tetbury
Sir William Romney's School is a secondary school in Tetbury, Gloucestershire, England, with students aged 11–16. It serves schools around the Tetbury, Leighterton, Stroud, Cirencester, Nailsworth and Avening, also many other towns around Tetbury....

, a secondary school which specialises in creative arts. Sir William Romney's recently announced that it would be closing its Sixth Form centre, meaning students wishing to sit A-Levels now travel to Cirencester or Stroud or even Filton College in Bristol.

Some Tetbury children travel further afield, with students at the two grammar schools, Marling School
Marling School
Marling School is a grammar school for boys located in Stroud, Gloucestershire, England, next to its sister school, Stroud High School. It is on the Cainscross Road, the main route out of Stroud towards the M5....

 for boys and Stroud High School
Stroud High School
Stroud High School is a state funded grammar school for girls aged 11 to 18 located in Stroud, Gloucestershire, England.-History:Stroud High School was founded in 1904 as the Girls' Endowed School by a group of local citizens led by solicitor Mr. A. J...

 for girls, both in Stroud, and some at the comprehensive Deer Park School
Cirencester Deer Park School
Cirencester Deer Park School is a Comprehensive Secondary school in Cirencester, Gloucestershire, England.The school was founded in 1966, and combined the Secondary Modern with the Grammar School. It is situated at the top of Tetbury Hill, an area which previously was the site of a World War II...

 in Cirencester.

Air Training Corps

Tetbury Air Cadets unit is based in the grounds of Sir Williams Romney's School.

Transport

Tetbury has bus services which serve local towns. The nearest railway station is at Kemble
Kemble railway station
Kemble railway station is a railway station that serves the village of Kemble in Gloucestershire. The station is located on the Swindon to Gloucester "Golden Valley" line. Despite its rural location, Kemble station has a high number of passengers, due mainly to the proximity of...

; the nearest major airport
Airport
An airport is a location where aircraft such as fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters, and blimps take off and land. Aircraft may be stored or maintained at an airport...

 is Bristol International Airport
Bristol International Airport
Bristol Airport , located at Lulsgate Bottom in North Somerset, is the commercial airport serving the city of Bristol, England and the surrounding area. At first it was named Bristol Lulsgate Airport and from March 1997 to March 2010 it was known as Bristol International Airport...

. General aviation
General aviation
General aviation is one of the two categories of civil aviation. It refers to all flights other than military and scheduled airline and regular cargo flights, both private and commercial. General aviation flights range from gliders and powered parachutes to large, non-scheduled cargo jet flights...

 uses Kemble Airport at Kemble. The former airfield at Long Newnton
Long Newnton
Long Newnton is a small village in Gloucestershire, England, situated on the main road between Malmesbury and Tetbury. The hamlet has no shops just a church and between 30 and 60 houses. Approximately an hour from Bristol, Bath, Gloucester and Oxford so the nearest big towns or small cities are...

 (1 mi southeast of Tetbury) was originally the home of the Cotswold Gliding Club
Cotswold Gliding Club
The Cotswold Gliding Club is based at Aston Down airfield, between Cirencester and Stroud in Gloucestershire, South West England. The Club maintains a fleet of aircraft for training purposes, and is a centre for cross-country gliding and competitions....

, which has since moved 6 mi to the north to Aston Down
Aston Down
RAF Aston Down is a former Royal Air Force station near Minchinhampton, Gloucestershire, South West England. It was used by the RAF from the First World War until 1967, since when it has been the home of the Cotswold Gliding Club...

.

Tetbury is on the A433, with easy access to the M4
M4 motorway
The M4 motorway links London with South Wales. It is part of the unsigned European route E30. Other major places directly accessible from M4 junctions are Reading, Swindon, Bristol, Newport, Cardiff and Swansea...

 and M5 motorway
M5 motorway
The M5 is a motorway in England. It runs from a junction with the M6 at West Bromwich near Birmingham to Exeter in Devon. Heading south-west, the M5 runs east of West Bromwich and west of Birmingham through Sandwell Valley...

s. The A4135
A4135 road
The A4135 road is a road in Gloucestershire connecting the town of Tetbury with the M5 motorway and the A38 road to the west, passing through Beverston, Dursley and Cam en route to Slimbridge,...

 originates in Tetbury and proceeds westerly through Beverston
Beverston
Beverston is a village and civil parish in the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 132. The village is about two miles west of Tetbury. Beverston is an example of a typical unaltered Gloucestershire Cotswold village...

.

Present

  • HRH Prince Charles, the Prince of Wales, lives at Highgrove, Doughton, near Tetbury
  • Anne Hooper
    Anne Hooper
    Anne Hooper is a British sex therapist and author, who pioneered therapy groups for women with sex problems in the 1970s and 1980s and who wrote UK newspaper columns on the subject of human sexuality in the 1990s.- Books :...

    , journalist, author and counsellor
  • Jake Meyer
    Jake Meyer
    Jake Meyer is a British climber. He achieved fame by becoming the youngest Briton to climb Mount Everest in 2005, aged 21 years 4 months. The record is now held by Rob Gauntlett who was 19 at the time...

    , youngest Briton to climb Mount Everest
    Mount Everest
    Mount Everest is the world's highest mountain, with a peak at above sea level. It is located in the Mahalangur section of the Himalayas. The international boundary runs across the precise summit point...

  • Jet Black
    Jet Black
    Jet Black is an English drummer and founder member of punk rock / new wave band The Stranglers.-Early years:...

    , drummer and founder member of rock band The Stranglers
    The Stranglers
    The Stranglers are an English punk/rock music group.Scoring some 23 UK top 40 singles and 17 UK top 40 albums to date in a career spanning five decades, the Stranglers are the longest-surviving and most "continuously successful" band to have originated in the UK punk scene of the mid to late 1970s...


Past

  • Brian Trubshaw
    Brian Trubshaw
    Ernest Brian Trubshaw, CBE, MVO was a notable test pilot, and the first British pilot to fly Concorde, in April 1969....

    , first British test-pilot of Concorde
    Concorde
    Aérospatiale-BAC Concorde was a turbojet-powered supersonic passenger airliner, a supersonic transport . It was a product of an Anglo-French government treaty, combining the manufacturing efforts of Aérospatiale and the British Aircraft Corporation...

    , died 2001
  • Laurens van der Post
    Laurens van der Post
    Sir Laurens Jan van der Post, CBE was a 20th century Afrikaner author of many books, farmer, war hero, political adviser to British heads of government, close friend of Prince Charles, godfather of Prince William, educator, journalist, humanitarian, philosopher, explorer, and...

    , owned a nearby farm in the 1930s, died 1996
  • Cecil "Sam" Cook
    Sam Cook
    Cecil "Sam" Cook , was an English cricketer, who played for Gloucestershire and in one Test match for England.-Life and career:...

    , Gloucestershire
    Gloucestershire
    Gloucestershire is a county in South West England. The county comprises part of the Cotswold Hills, part of the flat fertile valley of the River Severn, and the entire Forest of Dean....

     cricketer and umpire, died 1996
  • Alice Liddell Hargreaves, inspiration behind Alice in Wonderland
  • Robert Crowley
    Robert Crowley (printer)
    Robert Crowley also Robertus Croleus, Roberto Croleo, Robart Crowleye, Robarte Crole, and Crule , was a stationer, poet, polemicist and Protestant clergyman who was among the Marian exiles at Frankfurt...

    , stationer, poet and Protestant clergyman in the 16th century

External links

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