St Kilda East, Victoria
Encyclopedia
St Kilda East is a suburb in Melbourne
, Victoria
, Australia
, 6 km south-east of Melbourne's central business district
. It is located within the Local Government Areas of the City of Glen Eira
and the City of Port Phillip
. At the 2006 Census, it had a population of 12,188.
St Kilda East is one of the more diverse and densely populated suburbs of Melbourne. It has a prominent Hasidic Jewish community descended from Polish
and Russia
n immigrants. Quiet and residential, it is quite different from the adjacent suburb of St Kilda
. However, the area around Carlise Street is very diverse with a strong arts, alternative and indie community.
Smaller timber shacks were common during the early 1860s to 1870s with larger houses on the bigger subdivisions.
During the late 1870s, terraced housing began around the railway line.
Alma Park was laid out and areas surrounding the park were set aside for religious purposes, resulting in a large number of convents and chapels along Chapel Street and either side of Dandenong Road.
In the 1950s, speculative development resulted in the alteration of many of the suburb's streetscapes. Centred around Chapel Street and to the east of the railway line, flats became common in the area.
Recent development of the suburbs, rising land values and excellent access to public transport has seen recent gentrification
in the area. Modern infill medium density apartments are being built on many blocks, with the Carlisle Street area designated an activity centre under the Melbourne 2030
planning scheme.
, Malvern Community School, Ripponlea Primary School, the St Kilda East campus of Mount Scopus Memorial College
, Yeshivah College, Beth Rivkah Ladies College, and part of St Michael's Grammar School
. The Rabbinical College of Australia and New Zealand (Yeshivah Gedolah Zal
), a tertiary institution for the training of Orthodox
rabbis and religious functionaries in the Chabad-Lubavitch
denomination, is located on Alexandra Street.
Major tram
routes operate on Carlisle Street/Balaclava Road, Chapel Street, Dandenong Road and St Kilda Road.
Buses operate along Orrong Road and Hotham Street.
Balaclava
and Ripponlea train stations on the Sandringham line also service the suburb.
cottages on either side of the street and is protected by council heritage controls. Camden Street has several rows of Victorian
semi-detached timber terraces.
Some large Victorian buildings remain along Inkerman Street and Alma Road, but have been since subdivided into flats. The streets in between have a mix of housing from different periods.
, but many of the older buildings have at some point served various Christian
religions.
Many of the church buildings are historic and heritage registered and form various religious precincts. The St Mary's Catholic Church (208-214 Dandenong Road), designed by William Wardell
and built in 1858, was one of the earliest bluestone churches. The bluestone All Saints Anglican Church on Chapel Street was built in 1861. The neighbouring Parish Hall was built as an extension to the church in 1909 and was restored in 2005 during a conversion into a boutique gym
nasium. The East St Kilda Uniting Church on the corner of Hotham and Inkerman streets was built in 1887 to the design of architect Hillson Beasley. The St George's Uniting Church on Chapel Street was built in 1877 to the design of Albert Purchas and is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register
.It has been leased by St Michael's Grammar School
since 1990. The former Balaclava Corps Hall, built in 1929 on Camden Street, is an unusual design featuring castellated motifs.
, a large park designed by Clement Hodgkinson
in 1867, which was split into two linear parks by a railway line in 1858. The park has recreational facilities including a heritage rotunda, a cricket
and football (soccer)
oval and bike paths, as well as large stands of elm
trees, Moreton Bay Fig
s and native vegetation areas.
, the second Prime Minister of Australia, and Albert Jacka
VC, MC, barrister and mayor of St Kilda
(1930).
Melbourne
Melbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...
, Victoria
Victoria (Australia)
Victoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania on Boundary Islet to the north, west and south respectively....
, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
, 6 km south-east of Melbourne's central business district
Melbourne city centre
Melbourne City Centre is an area of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia. It is not to be confused with the larger local government area of the City of Melbourne...
. It is located within the Local Government Areas of the City of Glen Eira
City of Glen Eira
The City of Glen Eira is a Local Government Area in Victoria, Australia. It is located in the south-eastern suburbs of Melbourne. It has an area of 38.4 square kilometres and has a estimated population of 136,354 people...
and the City of Port Phillip
City of Port Phillip
The City of Port Phillip is a Local Government Area in Victoria, Australia. It is located on the northern shores of Port Phillip, south of Melbourne's central business district. It has an area of 20.62 km² and has an estimated population of 96,110 people....
. At the 2006 Census, it had a population of 12,188.
St Kilda East is one of the more diverse and densely populated suburbs of Melbourne. It has a prominent Hasidic Jewish community descended from Polish
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
and Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n immigrants. Quiet and residential, it is quite different from the adjacent suburb of St Kilda
St Kilda, Victoria
St Kilda is an inner city suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 6 km south from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Port Phillip...
. However, the area around Carlise Street is very diverse with a strong arts, alternative and indie community.
History
The St Kilda East area was first settled in the 1850s.Smaller timber shacks were common during the early 1860s to 1870s with larger houses on the bigger subdivisions.
During the late 1870s, terraced housing began around the railway line.
Alma Park was laid out and areas surrounding the park were set aside for religious purposes, resulting in a large number of convents and chapels along Chapel Street and either side of Dandenong Road.
In the 1950s, speculative development resulted in the alteration of many of the suburb's streetscapes. Centred around Chapel Street and to the east of the railway line, flats became common in the area.
Recent development of the suburbs, rising land values and excellent access to public transport has seen recent gentrification
Gentrification
Gentrification and urban gentrification refer to the changes that result when wealthier people acquire or rent property in low income and working class communities. Urban gentrification is associated with movement. Consequent to gentrification, the average income increases and average family size...
in the area. Modern infill medium density apartments are being built on many blocks, with the Carlisle Street area designated an activity centre under the Melbourne 2030
Melbourne 2030
The Metropolitan Strategy Melbourne 2030 is a Victorian Government strategic planning policy framework for the metropolitan area of Greater Melbourne, intended to cover the period 2001-2030. During this period the population of the metropolitan area is expected to grow by a million people to over 5...
planning scheme.
Education
The main schools in St Kilda East are the Christian Brothers College, St Kilda, the Caulfield Campus of Caulfield Grammar SchoolCaulfield Grammar School
Caulfield Grammar School is an independent, co-educational, Anglican, day and boarding school, located in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Founded in 1881 as a boys' school, Caulfield began admitting girls exactly one hundred years later...
, Malvern Community School, Ripponlea Primary School, the St Kilda East campus of Mount Scopus Memorial College
Mount Scopus Memorial College
Mount Scopus Memorial College is a Jewish private school in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.- History :Mount Scopus Memorial College opened on St Kilda Road in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia in 1949, taking its name from Mount Scopus in Jerusalem, which remained under Israeli control after the 1948...
, Yeshivah College, Beth Rivkah Ladies College, and part of St Michael's Grammar School
St Michael's Grammar School
St Michael's Grammar School is a co-educational independent day school located in St Kilda, Victoria, Australia.The school was founded in 1895 by the Community of the Sisters of the Church and is associated with the Anglican Church of Australia. St Michael's is located on a single campus, its...
. The Rabbinical College of Australia and New Zealand (Yeshivah Gedolah Zal
Yeshivah Gedolah Zal
Yeshivah Gedolah "Zal" , Yeshivah Gedolah, The Rabbinical College of Australia and New Zealand, or colloquially, Y.G., is a government accredited yeshiva, an academy for young Orthodox Jews to devote themselves to full-time rabbinical studies. It is located in St Kilda East, Victoria, Melbourne,...
), a tertiary institution for the training of Orthodox
Orthodox Judaism
Orthodox Judaism , is the approach to Judaism which adheres to the traditional interpretation and application of the laws and ethics of the Torah as legislated in the Talmudic texts by the Sanhedrin and subsequently developed and applied by the later authorities known as the Gaonim, Rishonim, and...
rabbis and religious functionaries in the Chabad-Lubavitch
Chabad-Lubavitch
Chabad-Lubavitch is a Chasidic movement in Orthodox Judaism. One of the world's larger and best-known Chasidic movements, its official headquarters is in the Crown Heights section of Brooklyn, New York...
denomination, is located on Alexandra Street.
Culture
St Kilda East is home to the Red Stitch Actors Theatre, a professional theatre located on the corner of Dandenong Road and Chapel Street.Transport
St Kilda East is served by several forms of public transport.Major tram
Tram
A tram is a passenger rail vehicle which runs on tracks along public urban streets and also sometimes on separate rights of way. It may also run between cities and/or towns , and/or partially grade separated even in the cities...
routes operate on Carlisle Street/Balaclava Road, Chapel Street, Dandenong Road and St Kilda Road.
Buses operate along Orrong Road and Hotham Street.
Balaclava
Balaclava railway station
Balaclava railway station opened in 1892 and closed in 1992. It served the small town of Balaclava on the Kingston to Montego Bay line and was from the Kingston terminus....
and Ripponlea train stations on the Sandringham line also service the suburb.
Residential architecture
Architecturally, St Kilda East has been described as having not much of anything interesting. It is dominated by 1960s flats. There are, however, some pockets of preserved heritage streetscapes. Godfrey Avenue has well preserved rows of EdwardianEdwardian period
The Edwardian era or Edwardian period in the United Kingdom is the period covering the reign of King Edward VII, 1901 to 1910.The death of Queen Victoria in January 1901 and the succession of her son Edward marked the end of the Victorian era...
cottages on either side of the street and is protected by council heritage controls. Camden Street has several rows of Victorian
Victorian era
The Victorian era of British history was the period of Queen Victoria's reign from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901. It was a long period of peace, prosperity, refined sensibilities and national self-confidence...
semi-detached timber terraces.
Some large Victorian buildings remain along Inkerman Street and Alma Road, but have been since subdivided into flats. The streets in between have a mix of housing from different periods.
Places of worship
There are many churches in St Kilda East; many of the modern places of worship serve the Jewish FaithJudaism
Judaism ) is the "religion, philosophy, and way of life" of the Jewish people...
, but many of the older buildings have at some point served various Christian
Christian
A Christian is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as recorded in the Canonical gospels and the letters of the New Testament...
religions.
Many of the church buildings are historic and heritage registered and form various religious precincts. The St Mary's Catholic Church (208-214 Dandenong Road), designed by William Wardell
William Wardell
William Wilkinson Wardell was a Civil Engineer and Architect, notable not only for his work in Australia, the country to which he emigrated in 1858, but also for having a successful career as a surveyor, and an ecclesiastical architect in England and Scotland before his departure.In Australia,...
and built in 1858, was one of the earliest bluestone churches. The bluestone All Saints Anglican Church on Chapel Street was built in 1861. The neighbouring Parish Hall was built as an extension to the church in 1909 and was restored in 2005 during a conversion into a boutique gym
Gym
The word γυμνάσιον was used in Ancient Greece, that mean a locality for both physical and intellectual education of young men...
nasium. The East St Kilda Uniting Church on the corner of Hotham and Inkerman streets was built in 1887 to the design of architect Hillson Beasley. The St George's Uniting Church on Chapel Street was built in 1877 to the design of Albert Purchas and is listed on the Victorian Heritage Register
Victorian Heritage Register
The Victorian Heritage Register lists places of cultural heritage significance to the State of Victoria, Australia. It has statutory weight under the Heritage Act 1995 which establishes Heritage Victoria as the permit authority...
.It has been leased by St Michael's Grammar School
St Michael's Grammar School
St Michael's Grammar School is a co-educational independent day school located in St Kilda, Victoria, Australia.The school was founded in 1895 by the Community of the Sisters of the Church and is associated with the Anglican Church of Australia. St Michael's is located on a single campus, its...
since 1990. The former Balaclava Corps Hall, built in 1929 on Camden Street, is an unusual design featuring castellated motifs.
Public spaces
St Kilda East has a notable lack of public space. The main park is Alma ParkAlma Park, St Kilda East
Alma Park is a park in St Kilda East, Victoria, Australia, in the Local Government Area of the city of Port Phillip.-Location:It is bounded by private properties to the east and west, Dandenong Road to the north, and Alma Road to the south...
, a large park designed by Clement Hodgkinson
Clement Hodgkinson
Clement Hodgkinson was a notable English naturalist, explorer and surveyor of Australia. He was Victorian Assistant Commissioner of Crown Lands and Survey from 1861 to 1874.- Exploration in New South Wales :...
in 1867, which was split into two linear parks by a railway line in 1858. The park has recreational facilities including a heritage rotunda, a cricket
Cricket
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players on an oval-shaped field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard long pitch. One team bats, trying to score as many runs as possible while the other team bowls and fields, trying to dismiss the batsmen and thus limit the...
and football (soccer)
Football (soccer)
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball...
oval and bike paths, as well as large stands of elm
Elm
Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the genus Ulmus in the plant family Ulmaceae. The dozens of species are found in temperate and tropical-montane regions of North America and Eurasia, ranging southward into Indonesia. Elms are components of many kinds of natural forests...
trees, Moreton Bay Fig
Moreton Bay Fig
Ficus macrophylla, commonly known as the Moreton Bay Fig, is a large evergreen banyan tree of the Moraceae family that is a native of most of the eastern coast of Australia, from the Atherton Tableland in the north to the Illawarra in New South Wales, and Lord Howe Island. Its common name is...
s and native vegetation areas.
St Kilda General Cemetery
St Kilda General Cemetery covers a large block bordered by Dandenong Road, Hotham Street, Alma Road and Alexandra Street. It is bounded by a historic wall and contains many Victorian era graves. The cemetery is the resting place of Alfred DeakinAlfred Deakin
Alfred Deakin , Australian politician, was a leader of the movement for Australian federation and later the second Prime Minister of Australia. In the last quarter of the 19th century, Deakin was a major contributor to the establishment of liberal reforms in the colony of Victoria, including the...
, the second Prime Minister of Australia, and Albert Jacka
Albert Jacka
Albert Jacka VC, MC & Bar was an Australian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest decoration for gallantry "in the face of the enemy" that can be awarded to members of the British and Commonwealth armed forces...
VC, MC, barrister and mayor of St Kilda
St Kilda, Victoria
St Kilda is an inner city suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 6 km south from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Port Phillip...
(1930).
See also
- City of CaulfieldCity of CaulfieldThe City of Caulfield was a Local Government Area located about southeast of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The city covered an area of , and existed from 1857 until 1994.-History:...
- the former local government area of which St Kilda East was a part. - City of St KildaCity of St KildaThe City of St Kilda was a Local Government Area located on Port Phillip about south of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The city covered an area of , and existed from 1855 until 1994.-History:...
- the former local government area of which St Kilda East was a part.