St Bartholomew's Church, Barbon
Encyclopedia
St Bartholomew's Church, Barbon, is located in the village of Barbon
, Cumbria
, England. It is an active Anglican
parish church
in the deanery of Kendal, the archdeaconry of Westmorland and Furness, and the diocese of Carlisle
. Its benefice is united with those of St Mary the Virgin, Kirkby Lonsdale, Holy Trinity, Casterton
, St John the Divine, Hutton Roof
, All Saints, Lupton, St Peter, Mansergh
, and the Holy Ghost, Middleton, to form the Kirkby Lonsdale Team Ministry. The church has been designated by English Heritage
as a Grade II* listed building.
that was in existence by 1610. This was rebuilt in 1815, but all that remains of it is a porch to the north of the present church, which is used as a shed. St Bartholomew's was built in 1892–93, and designed by the Lancaster
firm of architects, Paley, Austin and Paley.
nave
, two-bay north and south aisle
s, a south porch, a south transept
, a north organ loft and vestry
, and a chancel
. A tower stands on the crossing
. The architectural style of the church is Perpendicular, freely expressed. The aisle windows have two or three lights, The window in the transept has two lights, and that in the organ loft has three lights. There is a three-light west window, and in the chancel is a five-light east window, and a two-light window on the south side. The south porch is gable
d with a three-centred arch, above which is a niche
containing a statue. On the southeast corner of the tower is a square stair turret
. On the west side of the tower is a single-light window, with a clock face above it. The three-light bell openings are louvred
. The parapet
is embattled
, and on top of the tower is a pyramidal roof surmounted by a tall cross.
stone. The two-bay arcades
are carried on octagonal piers
. Most of the furniture and fittings were designed by the architects, and carved by local craftsmen. In the church are Royal arms
of 1815. The stained glass in the west window was made in 1893 by Powell's
to a design by Harrington Mann. The glass elsewhere is by Shrigley and Hunt
. The two-manual
organ was made in 1903 by J. W. Walker
. The ring
consists of six bells. Five of these were cast by John Taylor of Loughborough
, three of them in 1893, one in 1897, and one in 1964. The sixth bell was cast in 2003 by Eijsbouts
.
Barbon
Barbon is a village and civil parish in the South Lakeland district of Cumbria, England. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 263. The church is dedicated to St Bartholomew...
, Cumbria
Cumbria
Cumbria , is a non-metropolitan county in North West England. The county and Cumbria County Council, its local authority, came into existence in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972. Cumbria's largest settlement and county town is Carlisle. It consists of six districts, and in...
, England. It is an active Anglican
Anglicanism
Anglicanism is a tradition within Christianity comprising churches with historical connections to the Church of England or similar beliefs, worship and church structures. The word Anglican originates in ecclesia anglicana, a medieval Latin phrase dating to at least 1246 that means the English...
parish church
Parish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
in the deanery of Kendal, the archdeaconry of Westmorland and Furness, and the diocese of Carlisle
Diocese of Carlisle
The Diocese of Carlisle was created in 1133 by Henry I out of part of the Diocese of Durham, although many people of Celtic descent in the area looked to Glasgow for spiritual leadership. The first bishop was Æthelwold, formerly the king's confessor and now prior of the Augustinian priory at...
. Its benefice is united with those of St Mary the Virgin, Kirkby Lonsdale, Holy Trinity, Casterton
Holy Trinity Church, Casterton
Holy Trinity Church, Casterton, is in the village of Casterton, Cumbria, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Kendal, the archdeaconry of Westmoreland and Furness, and the diocese of Carlisle. Its benefice is united with those of five local parishes, the benefice...
, St John the Divine, Hutton Roof
St John's Church, Hutton Roof
St John's Church, Hutton Roof, is in the village of Hutton Roof, Cumbria, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Kendal, the archdeaconry of Westmoreland and Furness, and the diocese of Carlisle. Its benefice is united with those of five local parishes, the benefice...
, All Saints, Lupton, St Peter, Mansergh
St Peter's Church, Mansergh
St Peter's Church, Mansergh, is located in the village of Mansergh, Cumbria, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Kendal, the archdeaconry of Westmoreland and Furness, and the diocese of Carlisle. Its benefice is united with those of six local churches to form the...
, and the Holy Ghost, Middleton, to form the Kirkby Lonsdale Team Ministry. The church has been designated by English Heritage
English Heritage
English Heritage . is an executive non-departmental public body of the British Government sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport...
as a Grade II* listed building.
History
The present church stands slightly to the south of a former chapel of easeChapel of ease
A chapel of ease is a church building other than the parish church, built within the bounds of a parish for the attendance of those who cannot reach the parish church conveniently....
that was in existence by 1610. This was rebuilt in 1815, but all that remains of it is a porch to the north of the present church, which is used as a shed. St Bartholomew's was built in 1892–93, and designed by the Lancaster
Lancaster, Lancashire
Lancaster is the county town of Lancashire, England. It is situated on the River Lune and has a population of 45,952. Lancaster is a constituent settlement of the wider City of Lancaster, local government district which has a population of 133,914 and encompasses several outlying towns, including...
firm of architects, Paley, Austin and Paley.
Exterior
The church is constructed in stone, with stone-slate roofs. Its plan consists of a four-bayBay (architecture)
A bay is a unit of form in architecture. This unit is defined as the zone between the outer edges of an engaged column, pilaster, or post; or within a window frame, doorframe, or vertical 'bas relief' wall form.-Defining elements:...
nave
Nave
In Romanesque and Gothic Christian abbey, cathedral basilica and church architecture, the nave is the central approach to the high altar, the main body of the church. "Nave" was probably suggested by the keel shape of its vaulting...
, two-bay north and south aisle
Aisle
An aisle is, in general, a space for walking with rows of seats on both sides or with rows of seats on one side and a wall on the other...
s, a south porch, a south transept
Transept
For the periodical go to The Transept.A transept is a transverse section, of any building, which lies across the main body of the building. In Christian churches, a transept is an area set crosswise to the nave in a cruciform building in Romanesque and Gothic Christian church architecture...
, a north organ loft and vestry
Vestry
A vestry is a room in or attached to a church or synagogue in which the vestments, vessels, records, etc., are kept , and in which the clergy and choir robe or don their vestments for divine service....
, and a chancel
Chancel
In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar in the sanctuary at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building...
. A tower stands on the crossing
Crossing (architecture)
A crossing, in ecclesiastical architecture, is the junction of the four arms of a cruciform church.In a typically oriented church , the crossing gives access to the nave on the west, the transept arms on the north and south, and the choir on the east.The crossing is sometimes surmounted by a tower...
. The architectural style of the church is Perpendicular, freely expressed. The aisle windows have two or three lights, The window in the transept has two lights, and that in the organ loft has three lights. There is a three-light west window, and in the chancel is a five-light east window, and a two-light window on the south side. The south porch is gable
Gable
A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of a sloping roof. The shape of the gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system being used and aesthetic concerns. Thus the type of roof enclosing the volume dictates the shape of the gable...
d with a three-centred arch, above which is a niche
Niche (architecture)
A niche in classical architecture is an exedra or an apse that has been reduced in size, retaining the half-dome heading usual for an apse. Nero's Domus Aurea was the first semi-private dwelling that possessed rooms that were given richly varied floor plans, shaped with niches and exedras;...
containing a statue. On the southeast corner of the tower is a square stair turret
Turret
In architecture, a turret is a small tower that projects vertically from the wall of a building such as a medieval castle. Turrets were used to provide a projecting defensive position allowing covering fire to the adjacent wall in the days of military fortification...
. On the west side of the tower is a single-light window, with a clock face above it. The three-light bell openings are louvred
Louver
A louver or louvre , from the French l'ouvert; "the open one") is a window, blind or shutter with horizontal slats that are angled to admit light and air, but to keep out rain, direct sunshine, and noise...
. The parapet
Parapet
A parapet is a wall-like barrier at the edge of a roof, terrace, balcony or other structure. Where extending above a roof, it may simply be the portion of an exterior wall that continues above the line of the roof surface, or may be a continuation of a vertical feature beneath the roof such as a...
is embattled
Battlement
A battlement in defensive architecture, such as that of city walls or castles, comprises a parapet , in which portions have been cut out at intervals to allow the discharge of arrows or other missiles. These cut-out portions form crenels...
, and on top of the tower is a pyramidal roof surmounted by a tall cross.
Interior
The interior of the church is faced with ashlarAshlar
Ashlar is prepared stone work of any type of stone. Masonry using such stones laid in parallel courses is known as ashlar masonry, whereas masonry using irregularly shaped stones is known as rubble masonry. Ashlar blocks are rectangular cuboid blocks that are masonry sculpted to have square edges...
stone. The two-bay arcades
Arcade (architecture)
An arcade is a succession of arches, each counterthrusting the next, supported by columns or piers or a covered walk enclosed by a line of such arches on one or both sides. In warmer or wet climates, exterior arcades provide shelter for pedestrians....
are carried on octagonal piers
Pier (architecture)
In architecture, a pier is an upright support for a superstructure, such as an arch or bridge. Sections of wall between openings function as piers. The simplest cross section of the pier is square, or rectangular, although other shapes are also common, such as the richly articulated piers of Donato...
. Most of the furniture and fittings were designed by the architects, and carved by local craftsmen. In the church are Royal arms
Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom
The Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom is the official coat of arms of the British monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth II. These arms are used by the Queen in her official capacity as monarch of the United Kingdom, and are officially known as her Arms of Dominion...
of 1815. The stained glass in the west window was made in 1893 by Powell's
James Powell and Sons
The firm of James Powell and Sons, also known as Whitefriars Glass, were English glassmakers, leadlighters and stained glass window manufacturers...
to a design by Harrington Mann. The glass elsewhere is by Shrigley and Hunt
Shrigley and Hunt
Shrigley and Hunt was the name of an English firm which produced stained glass windows and art tiles.The business began in the 1750s when Shrigley's was a painting, carving and gilding firm in Lancaster, Lancashire....
. The two-manual
Manual (music)
A manual is a keyboard designed to be played with the hands on a pipe organ, harpsichord, clavichord, electronic organ, or synthesizer. The term "manual" is used with regard to any hand keyboard on these instruments to distinguish it from the pedalboard, which is a keyboard that the organist plays...
organ was made in 1903 by J. W. Walker
J. W. Walker & Sons Ltd
J. W. Walker & Sons Ltd is a British firm of organ builders established in 1828 by Joseph William Walker in London. Walker organs were popular additions to churches during the Gothic Revival era of church building and restoration in Victorian Britain, and instruments built by Walker are found in...
. The ring
Ring of bells
"Ring of bells" is a term most often applied to a set of bells hung in the English style, typically for change ringing...
consists of six bells. Five of these were cast by John Taylor of Loughborough
Loughborough
Loughborough is a town within the Charnwood borough of Leicestershire, England. It is the seat of Charnwood Borough Council and is home to Loughborough University...
, three of them in 1893, one in 1897, and one in 1964. The sixth bell was cast in 2003 by Eijsbouts
Royal Eijsbouts bell foundry
Royal Eijsbouts is a bell foundry located in Asten, Netherlands.The workshop was founded in 1872 by Bonaventura Eijsbouts as a "factory for tower clocks." In 1893 Eijsbouts was joined by his 15 year old son, Johan, and the workshop expanded to begin supplying striking and swinging bells, which...
.