Sjahrir III Cabinet
Encyclopedia
The third Sjahrir Cabinet was the fourth Indonesian
cabinet. It served from October 1946 to June 1947, when it fell due to disagreements related to implementation of the Linggadjati Agreement
and subsequent negotiations with the Dutch.
, those responsible attempted a coup against the Sukarno
-Hatta
government, with the cabinet replaced by a "Supreme Political Council" headed by Tan Malaka
and President Sukarno's military powers transferred to General Sudirman
. General Sudarsono, whose troops had carried out the kidnappings, traveled to Jakarta
with Muhammad Yamin
to meet the president, but both were arrested. Sukarno eventually persuaded Sudirman
to back Sjahrir and support the arrest of the rebels, including Tan Malaka.
In the middle of August 1946, the Central Indonesian National Committee
(KNIP) said circumstances now justified the restoration of a parliamentary cabinet. Sjahrir was again appointed to form it, but with less freedom to choose the membership than he had enjoyed with his first two cabinets. After six weeks of negotiation, the new cabinet was announced on 2 October. It included members from a wide range of parties, representation from the Chinese and Arab communities, and a female member. On the same day, Sukarno revoked the state of emergency and issued a decree appointing Sjahrir head of the government. The president officially inaugurated the cabinet on 5 October in Cirebon
, West Java
.
signed the Linggadjati Agreement
. This was a result of pressure on the Dutch from the British
, who planned to withdraw the forces they had had in Indonesia since the end of World War II
, to come to an agreement with the Indonesians. The agreement recognized de facto Indonesian sovereignty over Java
and Sumatra
and called for the establishment of a federal United States of Indonesia. However the two sides increasingly disagreed over the agreement and accused each other of violations. Following a Dutch ultimatum on 27 May 1947, which the Indonesian government saw as a threat of war, later clarified by Lieutenant General Governor van Mook, Sjahrir made a series of concessions, including interim Dutch sovereignty and control over foreign policy. Many left wing members of the cabinet, including Amir Sjarifuddin and Wikana condemned these concessions, and one by one the minor parties abandoned Sjahrir. They were subsequently joined by Masyumi. In the face of this opposition, Sjahrir resigned in the early hours of 27 July. Sukarno once again declared a state of emergency and asked the cabinet to remain in office until it was replaced.
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
cabinet. It served from October 1946 to June 1947, when it fell due to disagreements related to implementation of the Linggadjati Agreement
Linggadjati Agreement
The Linggadjati Agreement, also known as the Cheribon Agreement, was a political accord concluded on 15 November 1946 by the Dutch administration and the unilaterally declared Republic of Indonesia. Negotiations took place 11–12 November...
and subsequent negotiations with the Dutch.
Background
Following the kidnapping of Prime Minister Sutan SjahrirSutan Sjahrir
Sutan Sjahrir , an avant garde and idealistic Indonesian intellectual, was a revolutionary independence leader...
, those responsible attempted a coup against the Sukarno
Sukarno
Sukarno, born Kusno Sosrodihardjo was the first President of Indonesia.Sukarno was the leader of his country's struggle for independence from the Netherlands and was Indonesia's first President from 1945 to 1967...
-Hatta
Hatta
Hatta may refer to:* Hatta, Gaza, an Arab village in Palestine depopulated in 1948* Hatta, Madhya Pradesh, a village in Damoh District, Madhya Pradesh, India* the Hatta number, a dimensionless parameter in chemical reaction engineering...
government, with the cabinet replaced by a "Supreme Political Council" headed by Tan Malaka
Tan Malaka
Tan Malaka was an Indonesian nationalist activist and communist leader. A staunch critic of both the colonial Dutch East Indies government and the republican Sukarno administration that governed the country after the Indonesian National Revolution, he was also frequently in conflict with the...
and President Sukarno's military powers transferred to General Sudirman
Sudirman
General Sudirman was the first military commander of Indonesian forces during the country's fight for independence from the Dutch in the 1940s.-Life:...
. General Sudarsono, whose troops had carried out the kidnappings, traveled to Jakarta
Jakarta
Jakarta is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Officially known as the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta, it is located on the northwest coast of Java, has an area of , and a population of 9,580,000. Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre...
with Muhammad Yamin
Muhammad Yamin
Muhammad Yamin was born in Talawi, Sawahlunto, in the heartland of the Minangkabau on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia. He was the son of Oesman Gelar Baginda Khatib the Penghulu of Indrapura...
to meet the president, but both were arrested. Sukarno eventually persuaded Sudirman
Sudirman
General Sudirman was the first military commander of Indonesian forces during the country's fight for independence from the Dutch in the 1940s.-Life:...
to back Sjahrir and support the arrest of the rebels, including Tan Malaka.
In the middle of August 1946, the Central Indonesian National Committee
Central Indonesian National Committee
The Central Indonesian National Committee or KNIP, was a body appointed to assist the president of the newly independent Indonesia. Originally purely advisory, it later gained assumed legislative functions...
(KNIP) said circumstances now justified the restoration of a parliamentary cabinet. Sjahrir was again appointed to form it, but with less freedom to choose the membership than he had enjoyed with his first two cabinets. After six weeks of negotiation, the new cabinet was announced on 2 October. It included members from a wide range of parties, representation from the Chinese and Arab communities, and a female member. On the same day, Sukarno revoked the state of emergency and issued a decree appointing Sjahrir head of the government. The president officially inaugurated the cabinet on 5 October in Cirebon
Cirebon
Cirebon is a port city on the north coast of the Indonesian island of Java. It is located in the province of West Java near the provincial border with Central Java, approximately 297 km east of Jakarta, at .The seat of a former Sultanate, the city's West and Central Java border location have...
, West Java
West Java
West Java , with a population of over 43 million, is the most populous and most densely populated province of Indonesia. Located on the island of Java, it is slightly smaller in area than densely populated Taiwan, but with nearly double the population...
.
Prime Minister
- Prime Minister: Sutan SjahrirSutan SjahrirSutan Sjahrir , an avant garde and idealistic Indonesian intellectual, was a revolutionary independence leader...
(Socialist PartySocialist Party (Indonesia)The Socialist Party was a political party in Indonesia. It was founded in December 1945 at a meeting in Cheribon, as the Socialist People's Party of Prime Minister Sutan Sjahrir and the Socialist Party of Indonesia of Defence Minister Sjarifuddin merged...
)
Departmental Ministers
- Minister of Foreign Affairs: Sutan Sjahrir
- Minister of Home Affairs: Mohammad RoemMohammad RoemMohammad Roem was a diplomat and one of Indonesia's leaders in the Indonesian war for independence. During Sukarno presidency, he served as Deputy Prime Minister, Foreign Minister, and later Minister of Home Affairs....
(Masyumi PartyMasyumi PartyMasyumi Party was a major Islamic political party in Indonesia during the Liberal Democracy Era in Indonesia. It was banned in 1960 by President Sukarno for supporting the PRRI rebellion.-History:...
) - Minister of Justice: Soesanto Tirtoprodjo (Indonesian National PartyIndonesian National PartyThe Indonesian National Party is the same used by several political parties in Indonesia from 1927 until the present day.-Pre-independence:...
- PNI) - Minister of Finance: Sjafruddin PrawiranegaraSjafruddin PrawiranegaraSjafruddin Prawiranegara, also written Syafruddin Prawiranegara, was an Indonesian politician, economist, and latterly Islamic philosopher.- Early life :...
(Masyumi) - Minister of Welfare: Dr. A.K. Gani (PNI)
- Minister of Health: Dr Darma Setiawan
- Minister of Education: Soewandi
- Minister of Social Affairs: Maria Ulfa Santoso (Perwari/PPI)
- Minister of Religious Affairs: K.H. Fathoerrachman (Masyumi)
- Minister of Defense: Amir SjarifuddinAmir SjarifuddinAmir Sjarifuddin Harahap, also spelled Amir Sjarifoeddin Harahap was a socialist politician and one of the Indonesian Republic's first leaders, becoming Prime Minister during the country's National Revolution. A Christian convert from a Muslim Batak family, Amir was a major leader of the Left...
(Socialist Party) - Minister of Information: Muhammad NatsirMuhammad NatsirMohammad Natsir was a Islamic scholar and politician. He was Indonesia's fifth prime minister.After moving to Bandung from his hometown Solok, West Sumatra for senior high school, Natsir studied Islamic doctrine extensively. His first articles were published in 1929, and during the 1930s he wrote...
(Masyumi PartyMasyumi PartyMasyumi Party was a major Islamic political party in Indonesia during the Liberal Democracy Era in Indonesia. It was banned in 1960 by President Sukarno for supporting the PRRI rebellion.-History:...
) - Minister of Communications: Djuanda
- Minister of Works: Martinus Putuhena (Indonesian Christian Party - Parkindo)
State Ministers (without portfolio)
- State Minister: Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwana IX
- State Minister: Wahid HasyimWahid HasyimAbdul Wahid Hasyim was the first Minister of Religious Affairs in the government of President Sukarno of Indonesia, a post he held in 1945, and from 1949 to 1952....
(Masyumi) - State Minister: Wikana (Youth Congress Board)
- State Minister: Dr. Soedarsono (Socialist Party)
- State Minister: Tan Po Gwan (Socialist Party)
- State Minister: Setiabudi
Junior Ministers
- Junior Minister of Foreign Affairs: Agus SalimAgus SalimHaji Agus Salim was one of Indonesia's founding fathers and prominent diplomats. He played a leading role in the creation of the Indonesian constitution in 1945 and served as Indonesia's Foreign Minister between 1947 and 1949.-Early life:...
- Junior Minister of Home Affairs: Wijono (Indonesian Peasants Front)
- Junior Minister of Justice: Hadi
- Junior Minister of Finance: Loekman Hakim (PNI)
- Junior Minister of Welfare: Joesoef Wibisono (Masyumi)
- Junior Minister of Health: Dr. Johannes LeimenaJohannes LeimenaDr. Johannes Leimena was Deputy Prime Minister of Indonesia from 1957 - 1966 and served as Minister of Health under President Sukarno from 1946 - 1956. A Christian, he founded the Indonesian Christian Party in 1950...
(Parkindo) - Junior Minister of Education: Goenarso
- Junior Minister of Social Affairs: Abdul Madjid Djojoadiningrat (Socialist Party)
- Junior Minister of Defense: Harsono Tjokrominoyo (Masyumi)
- Junior Minister of Information: A.R. Baswedan
- Junior Minister of Communication: Setiadjid (PBI)
- Junior Minister of Public Works: Herling Laoh (Indonesian National PartyIndonesian National PartyThe Indonesian National Party is the same used by several political parties in Indonesia from 1927 until the present day.-Pre-independence:...
- PNI)
The end of the cabinet
On 25 March 1947, Indonesia and the NetherlandsNetherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
signed the Linggadjati Agreement
Linggadjati Agreement
The Linggadjati Agreement, also known as the Cheribon Agreement, was a political accord concluded on 15 November 1946 by the Dutch administration and the unilaterally declared Republic of Indonesia. Negotiations took place 11–12 November...
. This was a result of pressure on the Dutch from the British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, who planned to withdraw the forces they had had in Indonesia since the end of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, to come to an agreement with the Indonesians. The agreement recognized de facto Indonesian sovereignty over Java
Java
Java is an island of Indonesia. With a population of 135 million , it is the world's most populous island, and one of the most densely populated regions in the world. It is home to 60% of Indonesia's population. The Indonesian capital city, Jakarta, is in west Java...
and Sumatra
Sumatra
Sumatra is an island in western Indonesia, westernmost of the Sunda Islands. It is the largest island entirely in Indonesia , and the sixth largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 with a population of 50,365,538...
and called for the establishment of a federal United States of Indonesia. However the two sides increasingly disagreed over the agreement and accused each other of violations. Following a Dutch ultimatum on 27 May 1947, which the Indonesian government saw as a threat of war, later clarified by Lieutenant General Governor van Mook, Sjahrir made a series of concessions, including interim Dutch sovereignty and control over foreign policy. Many left wing members of the cabinet, including Amir Sjarifuddin and Wikana condemned these concessions, and one by one the minor parties abandoned Sjahrir. They were subsequently joined by Masyumi. In the face of this opposition, Sjahrir resigned in the early hours of 27 July. Sukarno once again declared a state of emergency and asked the cabinet to remain in office until it was replaced.