Sarmenstorf
Encyclopedia
Sarmenstorf is a municipality
in the district of Bremgarten
in the canton
of Aargau
in Switzerland
.
burial mound at Zigiholz. The next known settlement was a Roman era
villa with a portico
and bath house from the 1st Century AD. villa with corner projections and bathing from the late 1st Century AD at Murimooshau. From around the same time, there is an Alemanni cemetery near the villa.
Sarmenstorf is first mentioned in 1173 as Sarmarsdorf. During the Middle Ages
, Einsiedeln Abbey
, St. Blaisen Abbey, Säckingen Abbey, Wettingen Abbey
, Frauenthal Abbey, Gnadental Abbey and Königsfelden Abbey
all owned property in Sarmenstorf. The rights to high justice
were held by the House of Habsburg after 1306. Those rights went to Lucerne
in 1415 and in 1425 to the Confederation
. The bailiwick
in der Gassen (which included Sarmenstorf) was held by the Freiherr
en of Küssnacht
, Eschenz
and Hermetschwil Abbey until 1514, when it transferred to Melchior zur Gilgen.
The parish
is first mentioned in 1185. The oldest church on the site of the current Holy Cross church dates from the Carolingian
era. A church was built in 1622 and was replaced by a 1778-85 late Baroque
church. The church was renovated on the outside in 1982-83 and the interior was done in 1987-88. The Chapel of St. Wendelin was ordained 1659, but was a pilgrimage site even before construction began. An new chapel was built in 1746-47.
Under the short-lived Canton of Baden
(1798–1803) Sarmenstorf was a district capital.
The municipality is located in the Bremgarten district on edge of the Lindenberg. It consists of the haufendorf village (an irregular, unplanned and quite closely packed village, built around a central square) of Sarmenstorf.
of the municipal coat of arms
is Gules two Pilgrim Stocks Or in saltire.
The age distribution, , in Sarmenstorf is; 269 children or 11.4% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 331 teenagers or 14.0% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 275 people or 11.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 290 people or 12.3% are between 30 and 39, 470 people or 19.9% are between 40 and 49, and 300 people or 12.7% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 214 people or 9.1% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 136 people or 5.8% are between 70 and 79, there are 59 people or 2.5% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 12 people or 0.5% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.56 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 64.2% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement). , there were 73 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 265 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 421 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. The average number of people per household was 2.61 individuals. there were 503 single family homes (or 53.4% of the total) out of a total of 942 homes and apartments. There were a total of 1 empty apartments for a 0.1% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 7 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 35.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
(19.5%), the FDP
(16.9%) and the SP
(12%).
In Sarmenstorf about 73.4% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
). Of the school age population , there are 208 students attending primary school, there are 106 students attending secondary school in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following table:
, is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance
.
there were 1,133 total workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 848 or about 74.8% of the residents worked outside Sarmenstorf while 248 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 533 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 8.1% used public transportation to get to work, and 59% used a private car.
. Of the rest of the population, there were 2 individuals (or about 0.09% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic
faith.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Bremgarten
Bremgarten (district)
Bremgarten District is a Swiss district in the Canton of Aargau, corresponding to the valleys of the Reuss and Bünz rivers in the area known as the Freiamt.-Geography:...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Aargau
Aargau
Aargau is one of the more northerly cantons of Switzerland. It comprises the lower course of the river Aare, which is why the canton is called Aar-gau .-History:...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
History
The earliest settlement in the municipality built the neolithicNeolithic
The Neolithic Age, Era, or Period, or New Stone Age, was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 9500 BC in some parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world. It is traditionally considered as the last part of the Stone Age...
burial mound at Zigiholz. The next known settlement was a Roman era
Switzerland in the Roman era
The history of Switzerland in the Roman era encompasses the roughly six centuries during which the territory of modern Switzerland was a part of the Roman Republic and Empire...
villa with a portico
Portico
A portico is a porch leading to the entrance of a building, or extended as a colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway, supported by columns or enclosed by walls...
and bath house from the 1st Century AD. villa with corner projections and bathing from the late 1st Century AD at Murimooshau. From around the same time, there is an Alemanni cemetery near the villa.
Sarmenstorf is first mentioned in 1173 as Sarmarsdorf. During the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
, Einsiedeln Abbey
Einsiedeln Abbey
Einsiedeln Abbey is a Benedictine monastery in the town of Einsiedeln in the Canton of Schwyz, Switzerland. The abbey is dedicated to Our Lady of the Hermits, the title being derived from the circumstances of its foundation, from which the name Einsiedeln is also said to have originated...
, St. Blaisen Abbey, Säckingen Abbey, Wettingen Abbey
Wettingen Abbey
Wettingen Abbey was a Cistercian monastery in Wettingen in the Swiss canton of Aargau. It was founded in 1227 and dissolved during the secularisation of 1841, but re-founded at Mehrerau in Austria in 1854...
, Frauenthal Abbey, Gnadental Abbey and Königsfelden Abbey
Königsfelden Abbey
Königsfelden Abbey is a former Franciscan monastery and former Clarisse convent in the municipality of Windisch in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. It was founded in 1308 by the Habsburgs and during the Reformation in 1528 it was secularized. The complex was then the residence of the bailiffs...
all owned property in Sarmenstorf. The rights to high justice
High, middle and low justice
High, middle and low justices are notions dating from Western feudalism to indicate descending degrees of judiciary power to administer justice by the maximal punishment the holders could inflict upon their subjects and other dependents....
were held by the House of Habsburg after 1306. Those rights went to Lucerne
Lucerne
Lucerne is a city in north-central Switzerland, in the German-speaking portion of that country. Lucerne is the capital of the Canton of Lucerne and the capital of the district of the same name. With a population of about 76,200 people, Lucerne is the most populous city in Central Switzerland, and...
in 1415 and in 1425 to the Confederation
Old Swiss Confederacy
The Old Swiss Confederacy was the precursor of modern-day Switzerland....
. The bailiwick
Bailiwick
A bailiwick is usually the area of jurisdiction of a bailiff, and may also apply to a territory in which the sheriff's functions were exercised by a privately appointed bailiff under a royal or imperial writ. The word is now more generally used in a metaphorical sense, to indicate a sphere of...
in der Gassen (which included Sarmenstorf) was held by the Freiherr
Freiherr
The German titles Freiherr and Freifrau and Freiin are titles of nobility, used preceding a person's given name or, after 1919, before the surname...
en of Küssnacht
Küssnacht
Küssnacht am Rigi is a district and municipality in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland, consisting of three villages: Küssnacht, Immensee and Merlischachen...
, Eschenz
Eschenz
Eschenz is a municipality in Frauenfeld District in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.-History:The prehistoric shore village on Werd Island and in the Seeäckern area are rich archeological sites that have contributed substantially to our understanding of the history of settlements in the...
and Hermetschwil Abbey until 1514, when it transferred to Melchior zur Gilgen.
The parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
is first mentioned in 1185. The oldest church on the site of the current Holy Cross church dates from the Carolingian
Carolingian Empire
Carolingian Empire is a historiographical term which has been used to refer to the realm of the Franks under the Carolingian dynasty in the Early Middle Ages. This dynasty is seen as the founders of France and Germany, and its beginning date is based on the crowning of Charlemagne, or Charles the...
era. A church was built in 1622 and was replaced by a 1778-85 late Baroque
Baroque architecture
Baroque architecture is a term used to describe the building style of the Baroque era, begun in late sixteenth century Italy, that took the Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new rhetorical and theatrical fashion, often to express the triumph of the Catholic Church and...
church. The church was renovated on the outside in 1982-83 and the interior was done in 1987-88. The Chapel of St. Wendelin was ordained 1659, but was a pilgrimage site even before construction began. An new chapel was built in 1746-47.
Under the short-lived Canton of Baden
Canton of Baden
The Canton of Baden was a canton of the Helvetic Republic . Its capital was the town of Baden....
(1798–1803) Sarmenstorf was a district capital.
Geography
Sarmenstorf has an area, , of 8.3 square kilometres (3.2 sq mi). Of this area, 59.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 28.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 11.5% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (0.2%) is non-productive (rivers or lakes).The municipality is located in the Bremgarten district on edge of the Lindenberg. It consists of the haufendorf village (an irregular, unplanned and quite closely packed village, built around a central square) of Sarmenstorf.
Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Gules two Pilgrim Stocks Or in saltire.
Demographics
Sarmenstorf has a population (as of ) of . , 10.4% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 14.1%. Most of the population speaks German (93.8%), with Italian being second most common ( 2.2%) and Spanish being third ( 0.7%).The age distribution, , in Sarmenstorf is; 269 children or 11.4% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 331 teenagers or 14.0% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 275 people or 11.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 290 people or 12.3% are between 30 and 39, 470 people or 19.9% are between 40 and 49, and 300 people or 12.7% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 214 people or 9.1% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 136 people or 5.8% are between 70 and 79, there are 59 people or 2.5% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 12 people or 0.5% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.56 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 64.2% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement). , there were 73 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 265 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 421 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. The average number of people per household was 2.61 individuals. there were 503 single family homes (or 53.4% of the total) out of a total of 942 homes and apartments. There were a total of 1 empty apartments for a 0.1% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 7 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 35.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(19.5%), the FDP
Free Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Free Democratic Party was a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It was one of the major parties in Switzerland until its merger with the smaller classical liberal Liberal Party, to form FDP.The Liberals on 1 January 2009....
(16.9%) and the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(12%).
In Sarmenstorf about 73.4% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
Fachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
). Of the school age population , there are 208 students attending primary school, there are 106 students attending secondary school in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1650 | 450 |
| 1850 | 1,240 |
| 1900 | 1,212 |
| 1950 | 1,398 |
| 2000 | 2,146 |
Heritage sites of national significance
The Zigiholz, a neolithic tumulusTumulus
A tumulus is a mound of earth and stones raised over a grave or graves. Tumuli are also known as barrows, burial mounds, Hügelgrab or kurgans, and can be found throughout much of the world. A tumulus composed largely or entirely of stones is usually referred to as a cairn...
, is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance
Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance is a register of some 8,300 items of cultural property in Switzerland...
.
Economy
, Sarmenstorf had an unemployment rate of 2.08%. , there were 63 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 21 businesses involved in this sector. 210 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 24 businesses in this sector. 336 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 59 businesses in this sector.there were 1,133 total workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 848 or about 74.8% of the residents worked outside Sarmenstorf while 248 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 533 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 8.1% used public transportation to get to work, and 59% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 1,393 or 64.9% were Roman Catholic, while 428 or 19.9% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. Of the rest of the population, there were 2 individuals (or about 0.09% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic
Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland
The Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland is the Swiss member church of the Union of Utrecht, also known as Old Catholic Church, originally founded by the jansenists, with a later influx of discontented Catholics following their disappointment with the First Vatican Council. It has 14,000...
faith.