Distt. and at Dwarkapur in Pratapgarh

Pratapgarh

Pratapgarh may refer to the following places in India:Cities and towns:* Pratapgarh, Rajasthan* Pratapgarh, Uttar Pradesh* Pratapgarh, TripuraDistricts:* Pratapgarh district * Pratapgarh district, Uttar Pradesh...

 Distt of U.P., but not enough money was received in either of these actions.

Action of Kakori

Bismil executed a meticulous plan for looting the government treasury carried in a train at Kakori

Kakori

Kakori is a town and a nagar panchayat in Lucknow district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated 14 km north of Lucknow. More widely known for its kebabs, Zardozi work and Dasheri mangoes, Kakori is also the centre of once flourishing Urdu poetry, literature and the Qadiriya...

, near Lucknow in U.P. This historical event happened on August 9, 1925 and is known as the Kakori conspiracy. Only ten revolutionaries stopped the 8 Down Saharanpur-Lucknow passenger train at Kakori - a station just before the Lucknow Railway Junction. German-made Mauser C96

Mauser C96

The Mauser C96 is a semi-automatic pistol that was originally produced by German arms manufacturer Mauser from 1896 to 1937...

 semi-automatic pistols were used in this action. Ashfaqulla Khan

Ashfaqulla Khan

Ashfaqulla Khan was a Muslim freedom fighter in the Indian independence movement who had given away his life along with Ram Prasad Bismil. Bismil and Ashfaq, both were good friends and Urdu poets...

, the lieutenant of the HRA Chief Ram Prasad Bismil gave away his Mauser to Manmath Nath Gupta

Manmath Nath Gupta

Manmath Nath Gupta was an Indian revolutionary writer and author of autobiographical, historical and fictional books in Hindi, English and Bengali. He joined the Indian independence movement at the age of 13, and was an active member of the Hindustan Republican Association...

 and engaged himself to break open the cash chest. Eagerly watching a new weapon in his hand, Manmath Nath Gupta fired the pistol and incidentally a passenger Ahmed Ali, who got down the train to see his wife in ladies compartment, was killed in this rapid action.

Arrest & filing of criminal case

The incident created a great upheaval in British India. The retribution was severe when more than 40 revolutionaries were arrested from all over India. As per official record of the British Government, a criminal conspiracy case was filed against 28 active members of HRA by the Special Magistrate Ainuddin after a long time. 21 persons were presented before Session Court of Special Judge A. Hamilton on 21 May 1926. Abbas Salim Khan, Banvari Lal Bhargava, Gyan Chattarji and Mohd. Ayuf were the assessors (legal advisers) of the Judge.

Verdict of case

On April 6, 1927 the verdict of court came out of the special court of Lucknow. This special court was established by the then British Government in the Ring Theatre. During the British rule, this Ring Theater was situated in between two important monuments - Kothi Hayat Baksh and Mallika Ahad's palace. This building was used by the Britishers for their entertainment. The English dramas were played and movies were screened. A board was put at the entrance which read "Dogs and Indians not allowed". The famous Kakori trial happened at this Theater. Govind Vallabh Pant, Chandra Bhanu Gupta

Chandra Bhanu Gupta

Chandra Bhanu Gupta was chief minister of Indian state of Uttar Pradesh for three times. He was born in Aligarh district in 1902.-Early life:...

, Mohan Lal Saxena and Kripa Shankar Hajela fought for the accused viz. Ram Prasad Bismil, Roshan Singh & Ashfaquallah Khan, etc. During the years 1929-1932 this Theater was transformed into the present General Post Office. It is situated on the main Vidhan Sabha Road, opposite to Capital Picture Hall and Christ Church of the main Hazratganj crossing. A stone embedded on the main gate of the GPO dates the buildings as 1929-1932. Court's verdict was published in 115 pages and the charges were proved in such a manner that no body could escape the punishment.

Supplementary case decision and appeal in Chief Court

Another supplementary case was filed against Ashfaqulla Khan

Ashfaqulla Khan

Ashfaqulla Khan was a Muslim freedom fighter in the Indian independence movement who had given away his life along with Ram Prasad Bismil. Bismil and Ashfaq, both were good friends and Urdu poets...

 and Shachindra Nath Bakshi in the court of Special Sessions Judge J.R.W. Bennett. An appeal was filed in the then Chief Court of Oudh (now in U.P.) on 18 July 1927. A very senior advocate Pt. Jagat Narayan Mulla pleaded the case as public prosecutor on behalf of the Government whereas Ram Prasad Bismil defended his case himself. He did not take any help from the Government.

Chief Court's decision and mercy appeal

On 22 August 1927 the Chief Court endorsed the original judgement with an exception of one or two punishments. A mercy appeal was filed in due course before the Provincial Governor of U.P. by the members of legislative council which was dismissed. Bismil wrote a letter to Pt. Madan Mohan Malviya on 9 September 1927 from the Gorakhpur Jail.

Madan Mohan Malviya's joint memorendum

Malviya sent a memorandum to the then Viceroy and Governor General of India Edward Fredrick Lindley Wood

E. F. L. Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax

Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax, , known as The Lord Irwin from 1925 until 1934 and as The Viscount Halifax from 1934 until 1944, was one of the most senior British Conservative politicians of the 1930s, during which he held several senior ministerial posts, most notably as...

 with the signatures of 78 Members of Central Legislature, which was also turned down. On 16 September 1927 the final mercy appeal was forwarded to Privy Council at London and to the King Emperor through a famous lawyer of England S.L. Polak but the British Government, who had already decided to hang them, sent their final decision to the India office of Viceroy that all the four condemned prisoners are now to be hanged till death by 19 December 1927 positively.

Final execution

In an 18-month long drawn case, Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan

Ashfaqulla Khan

Ashfaqulla Khan was a Muslim freedom fighter in the Indian independence movement who had given away his life along with Ram Prasad Bismil. Bismil and Ashfaq, both were good friends and Urdu poets...

, Thakur Roshan Singh

Roshan Singh

and rohanThakur Roshan Singh was an Indian revolutionary who was sentenced in the Bareilly Goli Kand in the Non Cooperation Movement of 1921-22...

 and Rajendra Nath Lahiri were sentenced to death under section 121(A), 120(B), 302 and 396 of Indian Penal Code. Bismil was hanged by the British authorities on 19 December 1927 in the morning at Gorakhpur

Gorakhpur

Gorakhpur is a city in the eastern part of the state of Uttar Pradesh in India, near the border with Nepal. It is the administrative headquarters of Gorakhpur District and Gorakhpur Division. Gorakhpur is one of the proposed capitals of the Purvanchal state which is yet to be formed...

 Jail, Ashfaqulla Khan at the Faizabad

Faizabad

City of Faizabad , previous capital of Awadh, is the headquarters of Faizabad District and a municipal board in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India, situated on the banks of river Ghaghra . Faizabad has a twin city of Ayodhya, which is considered to be the birthplace of Rama...

 Jail and Thakur Roshan Singh at Naini Allahabad Jail whereas fourth Rajendra Nath Lahiri was hanged on 17 December 1927 (two days before the scheduled date) at Gonda Jail; all located in the present Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

19 December: end

On 19 December 1927 Bismil woke up at 3.30 a.m. as usual in the morning, did his formal duties of daily routine, meditated for half an hour, bore new dhoti-kurta and sat in the waiting of his long awaited beloved death. At the appropriate time the Magistrate

Magistrate

A magistrate is an officer of the state; in modern usage the term usually refers to a judge or prosecutor. This was not always the case; in ancient Rome, a magistratus was one of the highest government officers and possessed both judicial and executive powers. Today, in common law systems, a...

 came along with the jailor, unlocked the condemned cell and asked Bismil to get ready. The Magistrate was austonished to see him smiling. Bismil rose up immediately and said - "Let us move!"

Last wish

He went cheerfully upto the gallows saying his last good bye to whomsoever met in the way. He stood up at the altar of gallows, kissed the noose and spoke very loudly his last wish - "I wish the downfall of British Empire!" Then he whispered the vedic prayer "Om vishvaani dev savitur duritaani paraasuv, yad bhadram tann aasuv." (en.O God of all creature! let the ill will be removed and the good prevail in our souls.) and put the noose around his neck like a garland.

The hangman pulled the lever of gallows and the body of Bismil hanged in the open air. For half an hour he was kept hanging to safeguard the certainty of death. In this way a daredevil son of Mother India departed for the common cause of every Indian's freedom.

Dead body's procession

Looking into the huge rush at the main gate of the jail authorities broke open the wall in front of gallows, the dead body was brought out and handed over to his parents Murlidhar and Moolmati. A huge rush of about 1.5 lakhs of people had gathered from all over the country. They took the dead body of their departed brother Ram Prasad and carried it to the bank of Rapti under a grand procession.

Last rites at Rajghat Gorakhpur

The dead body of Bismil was kept at Ghantaghar of Gorakhpur for the last view of the public in the City. From there it was taken to the Rapti

Rapti

Rapti may refer to:* East Rapti River, a small river draining the Chitwan valley in Nepal, flowing west to join the Narayani River a short distance north of the Indian border...

 river where the last funeral of this great martyr

Great martyr

Great Martyr or Great-Martyr is a classification of saints who are venerated in the Eastern Orthodox Church and those Eastern Catholic Churches which follow the Rite of Constantinople....

 was performed under the proper Vedic Cremation System on the bank of the river. The place, where the ritual obligations of Bismil were done, was named by public as Rajghat. A new Transport Nagar has been developed in the side bye area of this place. A Rajghat police station has also been established there to commemorate the historical place.

Books of Bismil released in his centenary year

Bismil was born in 1897 and was hanged by the cruel British Empire in 1927, thus he lived a very short life of 30 years. Out of this 30 year, he dedicated 11 years of his valuable life in the selfless service of his fellow countrymen to make their life better. He wrote so many books but only 11 books could be published. All of these books were proscribed by the British Raj. Only few of them were kept hidden in the rare and old libraries.

Atal Bihari Vajpayee speaks on the occasion

A freelancer research scholar 'Krant' M.L. Verma tried to bring out these books and the success came to his hands when he could search five books and almost 200 poems written by Bismil. A Delhi

Delhi

Delhi , officially National Capital Territory of Delhi , is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest by population in India, next to Mumbai. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with 16,753,265 inhabitants in the Territory at the 2011 Census...

-based publisher Praveen Prakashan published the research work in four volumes under a title of Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna. The books of Bismil were released on the eve of Bismil Centenary Year, i.e., 19 December 1996 (since he was martyred on 19 December 1897) by former Prime Minister of India

Prime Minister of India

The Prime Minister of India , as addressed to in the Constitution of India — Prime Minister for the Union, is the chief of government, head of the Council of Ministers and the leader of the majority party in parliament...

, Atal Bihari Vajpayee

Atal Bihari Vajpayee

Atal Bihari Vajpayee is an Indian statesman who served as the tenth Prime Minister of India three times – first for a brief term of 13 days in 1996, and then for two terms from 1998 to 2004. After his first brief period as Prime Minister in 1996, Vajpayee headed a coalition government from...

. Speaking on the occasion Vajpayee said that we have not done justice with the revolutionaries who had given everything of their life for our betterment. The excessive propagada of non-violence has also spoiled the contribution of revolutionaries in the Indian Independence Movement

Indian independence movement

The term Indian independence movement encompasses a wide area of political organisations, philosophies, and movements which had the common aim of ending first British East India Company rule, and then British imperial authority, in parts of South Asia...

. If Bismil had not taken the immediate initiative after 1922's Chauri Chaura

Chauri Chaura

Chauri Chaura is a town near Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. The town is known most for an event in February 1922 during the British Raj when a police chowki was set on fire by a mob of angry citizens, killing 23 policemen inside.-Background:In the early 1920s, Indians, led by Mahatma Gandhi,...

 incident and the Indian Navy

Indian Navy

The Indian Navy is the naval branch of the armed forces of India. The President of India serves as the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy. The Chief of Naval Staff , usually a four-star officer in the rank of Admiral, commands the Navy...

 had not revolt after Second World War in 1946, the Britishers would have never left India. He described the task of the author as a monumental work.

RSS chief attends the event

Prof. Rajendra Singh

Rajendra Singh (RSS)

Prof. Rajendra Singh, , popularly called Rajju Bhaiya, was the fourth Sarsanghchalak of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh , leading the organization as its chief from the year 1994 to 2000....

 alias Rajju Bhaiya the then Sarsanghchalak

Sarsanghchalak

The Sarsanghchalak is the paramount leader of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh.He is supposed to be the Philosophical guide of the organisation. He is nominated by the predecessor.The six individuals who have held the post so far have been...

 (en. paramount leader of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh

Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh

Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh or National Patriotic Organization), also known the Sangh, is a right-wing Hindu nationalist, paramilitary, volunteer, and allegedly militant organization for Hindu males in India...

), who has also written the foreword of this book, spoke on the occasion that Bismil was the man who patronised the Aryan race

Aryan race

The Aryan race is a concept historically influential in Western culture in the period of the late 19th century and early 20th century. It derives from the idea that the original speakers of the Indo-European languages and their descendants up to the present day constitute a distinctive race or...

 and led the national revolution in freedom movement of India. Reviewing the books of Bismil, Indian journalist Ved Pratap Vaidik said that Urdu poetry

Urdu poetry

Urdu poetry is a rich tradition of poetry and has many different types and forms. Borrowing much from the Persian language, it is today an important part of Pakistani and North Indian culture....

 of Bismil was parallel to the Ghalib. His literary evaluation requires a serious attention from the critics.

Statue of Bismil

Shaheed Smarak Samiti of Shahjahanpur

Shahjahanpur

Shahjahanpur is a municipal board, town and district headquarters of Shahjahanpur District in Uttar Pradesh, India.-History:During the reign of Shahjahan, Mughal forces demolished the city of Kant...

 established a memorial at Khirni Bagh mohalla of Shahjahanpur city where Bismil was born in 1897 and named it "Amar Shaheed Ram Prasad Bismil Smarak". A statue made of white marble was inaugurated by the then Governor of Uttar Pradesh Motilal Vora

Motilal Vora

Motilal Vora is a former chief minister of Madhya Pradesh and a former governor of Uttar Pradesh . He is a senior leader of Indian National Congress ....

 on 19 December 1994 on the 68th martyr's day of Bismil.

Literary works

Bismil was known for his inspiring poems that acted as motivation for his fellow revolutionaries. Among them, Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna

Sarfaroshi ki Tamanna

Sarfaroshi ki Tamanna is a poem in Urdu, written by Ram Prasad Bismil, the great Indian Independence leader, famously involved with Kakori Train Robbery The poem was written as an ode to the young freedom fighters of the Indian Independence Movement.It has also been associated with the younger...

 is the most well-known. Previously it was unknown whether Bismil actually wrote it or any other, as some progressive writers attributed it to Bismil Azimabadi, but now this miserable episode is over; because a number of research books are available in the libraries to verify the encyclopedic contents. An image of original and rare photo of Ram Prasad Bismil can also be seen hereinabove as well as in Hindi Wikipedia.

Books of Bismil

The details of books published so far is given hereunder:

1. Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna (Part 1): Critical study of Bismil's personality and his literary work.
2. Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna (Part 2): About 200 proscribed poems of Bismil with reference and grammatical appreciation.
3. Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna (Part 3): four books of Bismil viz. Nij Jeevan Ek Chhata (original autobiography), America Ki Swatantrata Ka Itihas (Proscribed), Yogik Sadhan (Translation from Bengla into Hindi)& Catherine - Swadhinta Ki Devi (Translation from English into Hindi).
4. Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna (Part 4): One book Krantikari Jeevan and some Articles of Bismil published in various news papers & periodicals.
5. Krantikari Bismil Aur Unki Shayari: Some famous Urdu poems of Bismil alongwith its Hindi translation.
6. Man Ki Lahar: Collection of poems proscribed in British period.
7. Bolshevikon Ki Kartoot: A revolutionary noble on Bolshevism.
8. Kranti Geetanjali: Collection of outstanding poems of Bismil proscribed in British India.

Hallmark of his work

A deep and passionate love for the motherland and an urge to sacrifice for the nation was the hallmark of Bismil's works. In one poem he prays: "Even if I have to face death a thousand times for the sake of my Motherland, I shall not be sorry. Oh Lord! Grant me a hundred births in Bharat. But grant me this, too, that each time I may give up my life in the service of my Motherland."

In Hindi

Hindi

Standard Hindi, or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi, also known as Manak Hindi , High Hindi, Nagari Hindi, and Literary Hindi, is a standardized and sanskritized register of the Hindustani language derived from the Khariboli dialect of Delhi...

 he had written:

"यदि देश हित मरना पड़े मुझको सहस्रों बार भी,तो भी न मैं इस कष्ट को निज ध्यान में लाऊँ कभी.
हे ईश ! भारतवर्ष में शत बार मेरा जन्म हो , कारण सदा ही म्रत्यु का देशोपकारक कर्म हो."
"yadi desh hit maranaa paDe mujhako sahasroM baar bhii, to bhii n maiM is kashhT ko nij dhyaan meM laauuM kabhii.
he iish bhaaratavarshh meM shat vaar meraa janm ho, kaaraN sadaa hii mRtyu kaa deshopakaarak karm ho."

In another poem written just before going to the gallows, he prays: "Oh Lord! Thy will be done. You are unique. Neither my tears nor I will endure. Grant me this boon, that to my last breath and the last drop of my blood, I may think of you and be immersed in your work."

In Urdu

Urdu

Urdu is a register of the Hindustani language that is identified with Muslims in South Asia. It belongs to the Indo-European family. Urdu is the national language and lingua franca of Pakistan. It is also widely spoken in some regions of India, where it is one of the 22 scheduled languages and an...

 he had written:

"मालिक ! तेरी रजा रहे और तू ही तू रहे , बाकी न मैं रहूँ न मेरी आरजू रहे.
जब तक कि तन में जान रगों में लहू रहे,तेरा ही जिक्र हो औ' तेरी जुस्तजू रहे."
"maalik terii rajaa rahe aur tuu hi tuu rahe, baakii n maiM rahuuMM n merii aarajuu rahe,
jab tak ki tan meM jaan ragoM meM lahuu rahe, teraa hi jikr ho au' terii justajuu rahe."

Autobiography of Bismil

Bismil had written his Autobiography while he was at Gorakhpur jail, three days before he was hanged to death. The full text of his original autobiography is given in Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna (Vol. 3) from page 7 to page 92 whereas other informations about his published literature are available now on Hindi Wikipedia

Hindi Wikipedia

Hindi Wikipedia is the Hindi language edition of Wikipedia. It was launched in July 2003. As of September 5, 2011 it had 100,000 articles. In July 2010, Google announced that they had begun working with Hindi Wikipedians to translate English language articles into Hindi and had so far translated...

 also. The collage of eight book's front cover titles are also given here to verify the genuineness of his literary work.

Turkish city named after Bismil

Like Ram Prasad Bismil, Ghazi Mustafa Kemal Pasha alias Kemal Ataturk was also a revolutionary writer and freedom fighter who became the first President of Turkey

Turkey

Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...

. Bismil had written an article in the Hindi magazine Prabha about him under the title Vijayee Kemal Pasha (en. Victorious Kemal Pasha) and later on he appraised him also in his Autobiography written from the gallows of Gorakhpur

Gorakhpur

Gorakhpur is a city in the eastern part of the state of Uttar Pradesh in India, near the border with Nepal. It is the administrative headquarters of Gorakhpur District and Gorakhpur Division. Gorakhpur is one of the proposed capitals of the Purvanchal state which is yet to be formed...

 jail before his death. In order to pay respect to Bismil, Kemal Ataturk established a district in Diyarbakir

Diyarbakir

Diyarbakır is one of the largest cities in southeastern Turkey...

 state of Turkey in 1936 and named it "Bismil

Bismil

Bismil is a district of Diyarbakır Province of Turkey. The population is 56,887 . The mayor is Cemile Eminoğlu .-Brief History:...

" after the pen name

Pen name

A pen name, nom de plume, or literary double, is a pseudonym adopted by an author. A pen name may be used to make the author's name more distinctive, to disguise his or her gender, to distance an author from some or all of his or her works, to protect the author from retribution for his or her...

 of this fierce fighter of freedom and patriotic poet of India.

Kakori Memorial at Kakori

The Kakori

Kakori

Kakori is a town and a nagar panchayat in Lucknow district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated 14 km north of Lucknow. More widely known for its kebabs, Zardozi work and Dasheri mangoes, Kakori is also the centre of once flourishing Urdu poetry, literature and the Qadiriya...

 is the place where 10 revolutionaries stopped a train and looted the British

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

 government's treasury which was being taken in the guard's cabin. A memorial of these revolutionaries has been established in this town.

A crater on Mars

The name of Kakori

Kakori

Kakori is a town and a nagar panchayat in Lucknow district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is situated 14 km north of Lucknow. More widely known for its kebabs, Zardozi work and Dasheri mangoes, Kakori is also the centre of once flourishing Urdu poetry, literature and the Qadiriya...

 where this historical incidence happened, became so popular in the world that a crater

Impact crater

In the broadest sense, the term impact crater can be applied to any depression, natural or manmade, resulting from the high velocity impact of a projectile with a larger body...

 on the Mars was named after this city of India. It is located on the said planet at 41.8°S 29.9°W. This crater of 29.7 km diameter was named in 1976.

Some famous poems of Bismil

An Indian poet laureate

Poet Laureate

A poet laureate is a poet officially appointed by a government and is often expected to compose poems for state occasions and other government events...

 'Krant' M.L.Verma presented a paper titled Pt. Ram Prasad 'Bismil' : A Warrior of Pen & Pistol on 27 Feb 1985 in an International Symposium on India and World Literature (IWL) organised by the Department of Modern European Languages, University of Delhi

University of Delhi

The University of Delhi is a central university situated in Delhi, India and is funded by Government of India. Established in 1922, it offers courses at the undergraduate and post-graduate level. Vice-President of India Mohammad Hamid Ansari is the Chancellor of the university...

 at Vigyan Bhavan

Vigyan Bhavan

Vigyan Bhavan is a premier convention centre of Government of India in New Delhi. Built in 1956, over the years it has been the venue of conferences of national and international stature, seminars and award ceremonies attended by distinguished world leaders and dignitaries, including Commonwealth...

, New Delhi

New Delhi

New Delhi is the capital city of India. It serves as the centre of the Government of India and the Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. New Delhi is situated within the metropolis of Delhi. It is one of the nine districts of Delhi Union Territory. The total area of the city is...

. In that paper the following bilingual version of Bismil's famous poems were also produced. The same bilingual version appears below

Dire Desire

Dire-Desire

(English translation of Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna

)

सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना अब हमारे दिल में है, देखना है जोर कितना बाजुए-क़ातिल में है ! वक़्त आने दे बता देंगे तुझे ऐ आसमाँ ! हम अभी से क्या बताएँ क्या हमारे दिल में है ! खीँच कर लाई है हमको क़त्ल होने की उम्म्मीद, आशिकों का आज जमघट कूच-ए-क़ातिल में है ! ऐ शहीदे-मुल्के-मिल्लत हम तेरे ऊपर निसार, अब तेरी हिम्मत का चर्चा ग़ैर की महफ़िल में है ! अब न अगले बल्वले हैं और न अरमानों की भीड़, सिर्फ मिट जाने की हसरत अब दिले-'बिस्मिल' में है !

Our hearts have the desire for martyrdom high. We will see the power of boughs, the killer apply. Let our hour come, we will tell O Sky! How can we reveal what we are to try? The hope of death has dragged us here, Our love for our land has gone up high. We dedicate to thee everything O Nation! Our deeds of dare they will notify. Neither there is any zeal nor wish, The heart of 'Bismil' now wants to die.

The above ghazal

Ghazal

The ghazal is a poetic form consisting of rhyming couplets and a refrain, with each line sharing the same meter. A ghazal may be understood as a poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. The form is ancient, originating in 6th century...

of Bismil was very much popular amongst all freedom fighters. They used to sing it in a chorus while proceeding to the court for trial. British Government has banned it totally to be published in any of the leading newspapers but small papers continued its publishing.

A Martyr's Morale

A Martyr's Morale
(English translation of Jazb-E-Shaheed)

हम भी आराम उठा सकते थे घर पर रह कर, हमको भी पाला था माँ-बाप ने दुःख सह-सह कर , वक्ते-रुख्सत उन्हें इतना भी न आये कह कर, गोद में अश्क जो टपकें कभी रुख से बह कर , तिफ्ल उनको ही समझ लेना जी बहलाने को ! अपनी किस्मत में अजल ही से सितम रक्खा था, रंज रक्खा था मेहन रक्खी थी गम रक्खा था , किसको परवाह थी और किसमें ये दम रक्खा था, हमने जब वादी-ए-ग़ुरबत में क़दम रक्खा था , दूर तक याद-ए-वतन आई थी समझाने को ! अपना कुछ गम नहीं लेकिन ए ख़याल आता है, मादरे-हिन्द पे कब तक ये जवाल आता है , कौमी-आज़ादी का कब हिन्द पे साल आता है, कौम अपनी पे तो रह-रह के मलाल आता है , मुन्तजिर रहते हैं हम खाक में मिल जाने को ! नौजवानों! जो तबीयत में तुम्हारी खटके, याद कर लेना कभी हमको भी भूले भटके , आपके अज्वे-वदन होवें जुदा कट-कट के, और सद-चाक हो माता का कलेजा फटके , पर न माथे पे शिकन आये कसम खाने को ! एक परवाने का बहता है लहू नस-नस में, अब तो खा बैठे हैं चित्तौड़ के गढ़ की कसमें , सरफ़रोशी की अदा होती हैं यूँ ही रस्में, भाई खंजर से गले मिलते हैं सब आपस में , बहने तैयार चिताओं से लिपट जाने को ! सर फ़िदा करते हैं कुरबान जिगर करते हैं, पास जो कुछ है वो माता की नजर करते हैं , खाना वीरान कहाँ देखिये घर करते हैं! खुश रहो अहले-वतन! हम तो सफ़र करते हैं , जा के आबाद करेंगे किसी वीराने को ! नौजवानो ! यही मौका है उठो खुल खेलो, खिदमते-कौम में जो आये वला सब झेलो , देश के वास्ते सब अपनी जबानी दे दो , फिर मिलेंगी न ये माता की दुआएँ ले लो , देखें कौन आता है ये फ़र्ज़ बजा लाने को ?

We too could take the rest at home, We too could enjoy the pleasure of 'foam', We too had been the sons of someone, To nourish us what they have not done. At the time of departure from our home, We could'nt say at least to them- "In case if the tears drop in lap, Think as if your child is there." In our's fate was the torture since birth, We had the dole, the distress & dearth. Who had the care and dare so dire! When we took our step in fire. Till farther had tried the country to sheer. We have no woe of self but bother, Why downfall does the country disorder. When cometh the year of freedom in nation, Ours is the race that feels us a 'passion'. It's only we, who are anxious to die everywhere. O Youths! in case if it clicks to you, Remember "us" ever for a while in view. Whether your body be cut into pieces, And your mother be drench in distress, Yet your faces should be fresh with flair. In our veins runs the blood of a moth, We have now taken for the Nation an oath. So are performed customs of a Martyr, The brothers embrace their swords altogether, And the sisters are ready to sit on the pyre. We dedicate head and sacrifice heart, To our motherland we offer every sort. We know not where to dwell & dine, Be merry friends! we march align, To inhabit any solitude somewhere. O Youths! it's the proper time to face, Wear every sort of suffering for the race. It's nothing if you bestow for country,your blood. Take the blessings of Mother in a flood. Let us see! who cometh next to share?.

The above Mukhammas

Mukhammas

Mukhammas refers to a type of Persian or Urdu cinquain or pentastich with Sufi connections based on a pentameter.It is one of the more popular verse forms in Tajik Badakhshan, occurring both in madoh and in other performance-genres....

of Bismil was also very popular amongst Indian revolutinaries. It was sung in the court by Prem Dutt, a freedom fighter accused in a Lahore

Lahore

Lahore is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and the second largest city in the country. With a rich and fabulous history dating back to over a thousand years ago, Lahore is no doubt Pakistan's cultural capital. One of the most densely populated cities in the world, Lahore remains a...

 conspiracy case against the British Government. Hearing the deepness of its feelings the Chief Judge

Chief judge

Chief Judge is a title that can refer to the highest-ranking judge of a court that has more than one judge. The meaning and usage of the term vary from one court system to another...

 of the jury was overwhelmed and he immediately turned down the verdict into life-imprisonment while it was already decided to a death sentence.

Secret of Life

Secret of Life

(English translation of another ghazal

 of Bismil)

चर्चा अपने क़त्ल का अब दुश्मनों के दिल में है, देखना है ये तमाशा कौन सी मंजिल में है ? कौम पर कुर्बान होना सीख लो ऐ हिन्दियो ! ज़िन्दगी का राज़े-मुज्मिर खंजरे-क़ातिल में है ! साहिले-मक़सूद पर ले चल खुदारा नाखुदा ! आज हिन्दुस्तान की कश्ती बड़ी मुश्किल में है ! दूर हो अब हिन्द से तारीकि-ए-बुग्जो-हसद , अब यही हसरत यही अरमाँ हमारे दिल में है ! बामे-रफअत पर चढ़ा दो देश पर होकर फना , 'बिस्मिल' अब इतनी हविश बाकी हमारे दिल में है !

Ours is the talk in the field of foe, See! which stage has reached this show. O Countrymen! you learn to sacrifice, The secret of life is to cut across flow. Take it to shore very soon O Sailor! The boat of our country is out of the row. How be remove the dark of distress, This is now only our worry and woe. Hang me up for the sake of freedom, Rest is the will of a 'Bismil's woe.

This poem of Bismil expresses the critical philosophy of life. He says how a seed of sacrifice sown in the space can produce the actual essence of human life, otherwise every one take a birth and dies on this earth; unknown, unsung and unnoticed by the people.

Last Verse of Bismil

The Last Verse

(English translation of Bismil's Last Verse)

मिट गया जब मिटने वाला फिर सलाम आया तो क्या ! दिल की बर्वादी के बाद उनका पयाम आया तो क्या ! मिट गईं जब सब उम्मीदें मिट गए जब सब ख़याल , उस घड़ी गर नामावर लेकर पयाम आया तो क्या ! ऐ दिले-नादान मिट जा तू भी कू-ए-यार में , फिर मेरी नाकामियों के बाद काम आया तो क्या ! काश! अपनी जिंदगी में हम वो मंजर देखते , यूँ सरे-तुर्बत कोई महशर-खिराम आया तो क्या ! आख़िरी शब दीद के काबिल थी 'बिस्मिल' की तड़प , सुब्ह-दम कोई अगर बाला-ए-बाम आया तो क्या !

What's the use hats off, when the person died, What's the use of message which came after tide. When hopes were dead & died every thought, What's the use of message if the messenger brought. O Heart! go away from here and destroy thy notion, What's the use of it if thou did after motion. Alas! had we seen our goal alive, What's the use of it, if achieved after life. Worth seen were the last moments of 'Bismil', What's the use if the people saw it after thrill.

This was the last verse which Bismil sent to his fellow party-men from the solitary cell of Gorakhpur

Gorakhpur

Gorakhpur is a city in the eastern part of the state of Uttar Pradesh in India, near the border with Nepal. It is the administrative headquarters of Gorakhpur District and Gorakhpur Division. Gorakhpur is one of the proposed capitals of the Purvanchal state which is yet to be formed...

 Jail but it's a matter of regret that none of them could do anything for his escape. Ram Prasad Bismil has very clearly mentioned this fact in his autobiography:

Film adaptations/depictions

In the Bollywood

Bollywood

Bollywood is the informal term popularly used for the Hindi-language film industry based in Mumbai , Maharashtra, India. The term is often incorrectly used to refer to the whole of Indian cinema; it is only a part of the total Indian film industry, which includes other production centers producing...

 movie The Legend of Bhagat Singh

The Legend of Bhagat Singh

The Legend of Bhagat Singh is a 2002 Hindi historic biographical film about Bhagat Singh, a freedom fighter who fought for Indian independence. It was directed by Rajkumar Santoshi and starred Ajay Devgan, Sushant Singh, and Ian Davies...

, Bismil is depicted as a visionary who ignites in Bhagat Singh the fire of freedom. The character was played by Ganesh Yadav.

In another film Rang De Basanti

Rang De Basanti

Rang De Basanti is a 2006 Indian drama film written and directed by Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra. It features an ensemble cast comprising Aamir Khan, Soha Ali Khan, Madhavan, Kunal Kapoor, Siddharth Narayan, Sharman Joshi, Atul Kulkarni and British actress Alice Patten in the lead roles...

, Bismil was a more significant character played by Atul Kulkarni

Atul Kulkarni

Atul Kulkarni born 10 September 1965 is an Indian actor who has won two National Awards and has superstar status in Marathi film industry after successful movies like Valu and Natarang....

.

Some of the famous songs written by Bismil were also featured in Shaheed

Shaheed (1965 film)

Shaheed is a 1965 Hindi movie based on Bhagat Singh's life. Produced by Kewal Kashyap and directed by S Ram Sharma the film stars Manoj Kumar , Kamini Kaushal, Pran, Iftekhar, Nirupa Roy, Prem Chopra, Madan Puri, Asit Sen, Indrani Mukherjee and Anwar Hussain...

, a film by veteran film actor-director Manoj Kumar

Manoj Kumar

Manoj Kumar is an award-winning Indian actor and director in the Bollywood film industry. He is known for acting in and directing films with patriotic themes, and has been given the nickname "Mr Bharat"...

 released in 1965. The chorus song Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna

Sarfaroshi ki Tamanna

Sarfaroshi ki Tamanna is a poem in Urdu, written by Ram Prasad Bismil, the great Indian Independence leader, famously involved with Kakori Train Robbery The poem was written as an ode to the young freedom fighters of the Indian Independence Movement.It has also been associated with the younger...

 was sung by Mohd. Rafi and others.

See also

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauser_C96
• Bismil
  Bismil
  Bismil is a district of Diyarbakır Province of Turkey. The population is 56,887 . The mayor is Cemile Eminoğlu .-Brief History:...
  
  
• http://krantmlverma.blogspot.com Original photograph of Bismil & Pt. Ram Prasad 'Bismil': A warrior of pen & pistol.
• http://www.parichowk.com/greater-noida-whos-who.aspx Dr Krant M L Verma - Hindi Literaturer
• http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20040321/ncr1.htm Dr Krant gets fellowship
• Original full text of सरफ़रोशी की तमन्ना (on wikisource, in Hindi)
• Mukhammas
  Mukhammas
  Mukhammas refers to a type of Persian or Urdu cinquain or pentastich with Sufi connections based on a pentameter.It is one of the more popular verse forms in Tajik Badakhshan, occurring both in madoh and in other performance-genres....
  
   for Jazba-E-Shaheed (A Poem of Bismil)
• Sukhdev Thapar
• Chandrashekar Azad
• Rajguru
• Thakur Roshan Singh
• Ashfaqullah Khan
• Rajendranath Lahiri
• Bhagat Singh
• Arya Samaj
  Arya Samaj
  Arya Samaj is a Hindu reform movement founded by Swami Dayananda on 10 April 1875. He was a sannyasi who believed in the infallible authority of the Vedas. Dayananda emphasized the ideals of brahmacharya...
  
  
• Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
  Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
  Hindustan Socialist Republican Association was a revolutionary organisation established in 1928 at Feroz Shah Kotla New Delhi by Chandrasekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and others...
  
  
• Kakori train robbery
  Kakori train robbery
  The Kakori train robbery was a train robbery that took place between Kakori and Alamnagar near Lucknow, on 9 August 1925 during the Indian Independence Movement against the British.German-made Mauser C96 semi-automatic pistols with wooden stock were used in this historical event by the Hindustan...
  
  
• अमर शहीद राम प्रसाद 'बिस्मिल' की आत्मकथा (on wikisource, in Hindi)
• Constitution of H.R.A.
  Constitution of H.R.A.
  Constitution of H.R.A. was the pamphlet entitled the Hindustan Republican Association which was found with D. N. Chowdhri...
  
  
• Manifesto of H.R.A.
  Manifesto of H.R.A.
  Manifesto of H.R.A. was the pamphlet entitled as The Revolutionary which was distributed throughout the United Province in India about the end of January 1925...
  
  

External links

• Gorakhpur#External links
• Full text of Bismil's "Duur tak yaad-e-vatan"