Neuhardenberg
Encyclopedia
Neuhardenberg is a municipality
in the district Märkisch-Oderland
, in Brandenburg
, Germany
. It is the site of Neuhardenberg Palace, residence of the Prussian
statesman Prince Karl August von Hardenberg
. The municipal area comprises the villages of Altfriedland, Quappendorf and Wulkow. Neuhardenberg ist part of the Amt ("municipal federation") Neuhardenberg
.
, 1 May 1949, the place was renamed into Marxwalde after Karl Marx
. This was reversed on January 1, 1991. Since then the place bears again the old name Neuhardenberg in this slightly altered spelling.
dates back to the late 18th century. In 1763 the Prussian general Joachim Bernhard von Prittwitz had received Quilitz, a former property of the Pfuel
noble family. The historic village was devastated by a blaze in 1801 and reconstructed as a Neoclassical
model settlement according to plans designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel
. In 1814 King Frederick William III
vested Hardenberg with the locality together with the princely title as a gratification for his merits as Prussian state chancellor. From 1820 on Schinkel also rebuilt the mansion, while the gardens were redesigned by Prince Hermann von Pückler-Muskau and Peter-Joseph Lenné.
Carl-Hans Graf von Hardenberg
held conspirative meetings here in preparation of the 20 July plot after which he was arrested and his properties were seized by the Nazi
authorities. In 1945 Hardenberg again had to face the condemnation of his estates by the Soviet Military Administration
. The mansion was turned into a school building. From 1957 on the Marxwalde airfield built in the 1930s was extended as the base of an East German Air Force
wing.
After reunification
the manor was restored to the Hardenberg family and acquired by the Deutscher Sparkassen- und Giroverband
saving banks association in 1996. After renovation it was reopened in 2002 in the presence of German President Johannes Rau
. It is today used as a conference building but also for cultural events.
Municipalities of Germany
Municipalities are the lowest level of territorial division in Germany. This may be the fourth level of territorial division in Germany, apart from those states which include Regierungsbezirke , where municipalities then become the fifth level.-Overview:With more than 3,400,000 inhabitants, the...
in the district Märkisch-Oderland
Märkisch-Oderland
Märkisch-Oderland is a Landkreis in the eastern part of Brandenburg, Germany. Neighboring are the district Barnim, the country Poland, the district-free city Frankfurt , the district Oder-Spree and the Bundesland Berlin...
, in Brandenburg
Brandenburg
Brandenburg is one of the sixteen federal-states of Germany. It lies in the east of the country and is one of the new federal states that were re-created in 1990 upon the reunification of the former West Germany and East Germany. The capital is Potsdam...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. It is the site of Neuhardenberg Palace, residence of the Prussian
Kingdom of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918. Until the defeat of Germany in World War I, it comprised almost two-thirds of the area of the German Empire...
statesman Prince Karl August von Hardenberg
Karl August von Hardenberg
Karl August Fürst von Hardenberg was a Prussian statesman and Prime Minister of Prussia. While during his late career he acquiesced to reactionary policies, earlier in his career he implemented a variety of Liberal reforms...
. The municipal area comprises the villages of Altfriedland, Quappendorf and Wulkow. Neuhardenberg ist part of the Amt ("municipal federation") Neuhardenberg
Neuhardenberg (Amt)
Neuhardenberg is an Amt in the district of Märkisch-Oderland, in Brandenburg, Germany. Its seat is in Neuhardenberg.The Amt Neuhardenberg consists of the following municipalities:#Gusow-Platkow#Märkische Höhe#Neuhardenberg...
.
Names of the place
The oldest record mentioning the place, then named Quilicz, dates back to 1348. Later the spelling was changed into Quilitz. When in 1814 Karl August von Hardenberg received the manor, he renamed the place right away into Neu-Hardenberg. On Labour DayLabour Day
Labour Day or Labor Day is an annual holiday to celebrate the economic and social achievements of workers. Labour Day has its origins in the labour union movement, specifically the eight-hour day movement, which advocated eight hours for work, eight hours for recreation, and eight hours for...
, 1 May 1949, the place was renamed into Marxwalde after Karl Marx
Karl Marx
Karl Heinrich Marx was a German philosopher, economist, sociologist, historian, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His ideas played a significant role in the development of social science and the socialist political movement...
. This was reversed on January 1, 1991. Since then the place bears again the old name Neuhardenberg in this slightly altered spelling.
History
The construction of Neuhardenberg Manor with interior designs by Carl Gotthard LanghansCarl Gotthard Langhans
Carl Gotthard Langhans was a Prussian builder and architect. His works are among the earliest buildings in the German classicism movement. His best-known work is the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin.- Life :...
dates back to the late 18th century. In 1763 the Prussian general Joachim Bernhard von Prittwitz had received Quilitz, a former property of the Pfuel
Pfuel
The German ancient noble family of Pfuel arrived in Brandenburg in the year 926 and later widened their influence to Saxony, Mecklenburg, Pomerania, Württemberg, Westphalia, Eastern Europe and Sweden....
noble family. The historic village was devastated by a blaze in 1801 and reconstructed as a Neoclassical
Neoclassical architecture
Neoclassical architecture was an architectural style produced by the neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century, manifested both in its details as a reaction against the Rococo style of naturalistic ornament, and in its architectural formulas as an outgrowth of some classicizing...
model settlement according to plans designed by Karl Friedrich Schinkel
Karl Friedrich Schinkel
Karl Friedrich Schinkel was a Prussian architect, city planner, and painter who also designed furniture and stage sets. Schinkel was one of the most prominent architects of Germany and designed both neoclassical and neogothic buildings.-Biography:Schinkel was born in Neuruppin, Margraviate of...
. In 1814 King Frederick William III
Frederick William III of Prussia
Frederick William III was king of Prussia from 1797 to 1840. He was in personal union the sovereign prince of the Principality of Neuchâtel .-Early life:...
vested Hardenberg with the locality together with the princely title as a gratification for his merits as Prussian state chancellor. From 1820 on Schinkel also rebuilt the mansion, while the gardens were redesigned by Prince Hermann von Pückler-Muskau and Peter-Joseph Lenné.
Carl-Hans Graf von Hardenberg
Carl-Hans Graf von Hardenberg
Carl-Hans Graf von Hardenberg was a German politician and landowner.Carl-Hans Graf von Hardenberg was born in Glogau Silesia, Germany . He was part of the nobility of Lower Saxony and entered the German army. In 1914 he married Renate von der Schulenburg. He was wounded several times during...
held conspirative meetings here in preparation of the 20 July plot after which he was arrested and his properties were seized by the Nazi
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
authorities. In 1945 Hardenberg again had to face the condemnation of his estates by the Soviet Military Administration
Soviet Military Administration in Germany
The Soviet Military Administration in Germany was the Soviet military government, headquartered in Berlin-Karlshorst, that directly ruled the Soviet occupation zone of Germany from the German surrender in May 1945 until after the establishment of the German Democratic Republic in October...
. The mansion was turned into a school building. From 1957 on the Marxwalde airfield built in the 1930s was extended as the base of an East German Air Force
Luftstreitkräfte der NVA
The Luftstreitkraefte / Luftverteidigung was the Air Force of East Germany . As with the Landstreitkräfte, the Volksmarine, and the Border troops, it was a military branch of the National People's Army ....
wing.
After reunification
German reunification
German reunification was the process in 1990 in which the German Democratic Republic joined the Federal Republic of Germany , and when Berlin reunited into a single city, as provided by its then Grundgesetz constitution Article 23. The start of this process is commonly referred by Germans as die...
the manor was restored to the Hardenberg family and acquired by the Deutscher Sparkassen- und Giroverband
Deutscher Sparkassen- und Giroverband
Deutscher Sparkassen- und Giroverband is the German association of saving banks. It was founded in 1924 by the merger of Deutscher Sparkassenverband and Deutscher Zentral-Giroverband. The headquarter is located in Berlin since 1999, having previously been located in Bonn.-Presidents:*Ernst...
saving banks association in 1996. After renovation it was reopened in 2002 in the presence of German President Johannes Rau
Johannes Rau
Johannes Rau was a German politician of the SPD. He was President of Germany from 1 July 1999 until 30 June 2004, and Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia from 1978 to 1998.-Education and work:...
. It is today used as a conference building but also for cultural events.